Surface Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Wettability of graphene","authors":"Liubov A. Belyaeva,&nbsp;Grégory F. Schneider","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2020.100482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2020.100482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many far-reaching applications of graphene require a deep understanding of the interactions between graphene and other surfaces, including the wetting behaviour of graphene. However, its two-dimensional nature does not allow qualifying graphene as simply hydrophobic or hydrophilic, but instead gives rise to a diversity of interfacial phenomena governing the apparent wettability of graphene. As a result, wide disparities in the wetting properties of graphene have been widely reported. In this review we analyse the wettability of graphene with a special focus on the experimental conditions and on discriminating the causes of the reported inconsistencies. The elimination of the environmental factors causing misleading data is a major challenge. Importantly, progresses made in graphene research yielded new experimental insights and tools enabling the minimization of unwanted effects and, ultimately, the achievement of reliable contact angle measurements. Besides the macroscopic wettability studied using contact angle measurements under ambient conditions or by theoretical modelling, we also analysed correlations with the wettability of graphene at the molecular level in supremely pure environment of ultra-high vacuum.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"75 2","pages":"Article 100482"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2020.100482","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2402363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The electrochemical interface in first-principles calculations","authors":"Kathleen Schwarz ,&nbsp;Ravishankar Sundararaman","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2020.100492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2020.100492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>First-principles predictions play an important role in understanding chemistry<span><span> at the electrochemical interface. Electronic structure calculations are straightforward for vacuum interfaces, but do not easily account for the interfacial fields and </span>solvation<span> that fundamentally change the nature of electrochemical reactions. Prevalent techniques for first-principles prediction of electrochemical processes range from expensive explicit solvation using </span></span></span><em>ab initio</em><span><span> molecular dynamics, through a hierarchy of continuum solvation techniques, to neglecting solvation and interfacial field effects entirely. Currently, no single approach reliably captures all relevant effects of the </span>electrochemical double layer in first-principles calculations.</span></p><p><span>This review systematically lays out the relation between all major approaches to first-principles electrochemistry, including the key approximations and their consequences for accuracy and computational cost. Focusing on </span><em>ab initio</em> methods for thermodynamic properties of aqueous interfaces, we first outline general considerations for modeling electrochemical interfaces, including solvent and electrolyte dynamics and electrification. We then present the specifics of various explicit and implicit models of the solvent and electrolyte. Finally, we discuss the compromise between computational efficiency and accuracy, and identify key outstanding challenges and future opportunities in the wide range of techniques for first-principles electrochemistry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"75 2","pages":"Article 100492"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2020.100492","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1847967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-covalent interaction controlled 2D organic semiconductor films: Molecular self-assembly, electronic and optical properties, and electronic devices","authors":"Jia Lin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Ye ,&nbsp;Chengding Gu ,&nbsp;Cheng Han ,&nbsp;Shuo Sun ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2020.100481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2020.100481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The establishment of electronic and opto-electronic products relying on organic semiconductors (OSCs) has been intensely explored over the past few decades due to their great competitiveness in large area, low cost, flexible, wearable and </span>implantable devices<span>. Many of these products already entered our daily lives, such as organic light-emitting diodes-based displays, portable organic solar cells<span> and organic field-effect transistors. The device performance of OSC devices are determined by the supramolecular organization (orientation, morphology) as well as the supramolecular organization dependent energy level alignment at various interfaces (organic/electrode, organic/dielectric, organic/organic). This review focuses on the impact of non-covalent interaction on the molecular self-assembly of organic thin films<span>, their electronic and optical properties, as well as the device performance. Beginning with the growth of multiple OSCs on substrates with different interfacial interaction </span></span></span></span>strengths<span><span><span> (metals, insulators, semiconductors), the critical roles of molecule-substrate and </span>intermolecular interactions in determining the thin film organization have been demonstrated. Several non-covalent interactions that contribute to the energy levels of organic materials in solid phase are summarized, mainly including the induction contributions, </span>electrostatic interactions, band dispersions and interface dipoles. The excitonic coupling in specific aggregations of organic molecules and the corresponded effect on their optical properties are also discussed. Finally, the influences of weak intermolecular interactions on the device performance are presented.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"75 2","pages":"Article 100481"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2020.100481","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2484822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vibrational Raman spectroscopy on adsorbate-induced low-dimensional surface structures","authors":"Eugen Speiser ,&nbsp;Norbert Esser ,&nbsp;Benedikt Halbig ,&nbsp;Jean Geurts ,&nbsp;Wolf Gero Schmidt ,&nbsp;Simone Sanna","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2020.100480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2020.100480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Low-dimensional self-organized surface structures, induced by (sub)monolayer metal adsorbates on semiconductor surfaces may give rise not only to a variety of emergent electronic properties, but also to a multitude of specific localized vibronic features. The focus of this review is on the analysis of these novel surface vibration eigenmodes. The application of <em>in situ</em> surface Raman spectroscopy under UHV conditions on clean semiconductor surfaces and those with self-ordered adsorbates, in close conjunction with the calculations of Raman spectra, based on the first-principles determination of the structural, electronic and vibronic properties, allows a consistent determination of the vibration eigenfrequencies, symmetry properties, and elongation patterns of the systems of interest. The localized nature of the surface eigenmodes determines the surface sensitivity, independent of the large penetration depth of light. The surface contribution can be selectively enhanced by employing resonance conditions to surface electronic transitions. Moreover, surface and bulk contributions can be separated by taking difference spectra between various stages of surface preparation. The relevant surfaces are Ge and especially Si with different orientations ((111) and vicinal (hhk)), on which the adsorption of various metals (Au, Sn, Pb, or In) gives rise to two- and quasi-one-dimensional structures (e.g. Au-(5 × 2)/Si(111)) with a variety of vibration modes. The Raman analysis of these modes not only enables the distinction between different proposed structural models (e.g. for Au-(<span><math><msqrt><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msqrt><mo>×</mo><msqrt><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msqrt></math></span>)/Si(111)), but also gives access to the role of electron-phonon coupling in structural phase transitions (e.g. for In-(8 × 2)–(4 × 1)/Si(111)).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"75 1","pages":"Article 100480"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2020.100480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2186999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface chemistry and catalysis of oxide model catalysts from single crystals to nanocrystals","authors":"Shilong Chen ,&nbsp;Feng Xiong ,&nbsp;Weixin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.100471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.100471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Fundamental understandings of surface chemistry and catalysis of solid catalysts are of great importance for the developments of efficient catalysts and corresponding catalytic processes, but have been remaining as a challenge due to the complex nature of heterogeneous catalysis<span>. Model catalysts approach based on catalytic materials with uniform and well-defined surface structures is an effective strategy. Single crystals-based model catalysts have been successfully used for surface chemistry studies of solid catalysts, but encounter the so-called “materials gap” and “pressure gap” when applied for catalysis studies of solid catalysts. Recently catalytic nanocrystals with uniform and well-defined surface structures have emerged as a novel type of model catalysts whose surface chemistry and catalysis can be studied under the same operational reaction condition as working powder catalysts, and they are recognized as a novel type of model catalysts that can bridge the “materials gap” and “pressure gap” between single crystals-based model catalysts and powder catalysts. Herein we review recent progress of surface chemistry and catalysis of important oxide catalysts including CeO</span></span>₂, TiO₂ and Cu₂O acquired by model catalysts from single crystals to nanocrystals with an aim at summarizing the commonalities and discussing the differences among model catalysts with complexities at different levels. Firstly, the complex nature of surface chemistry and catalysis of solid catalysts is briefly introduced. In the following sections, the model catalysts approach is described and surface chemistry and catalysis of CeO₂, TiO₂ and Cu₂O single crystal and nanocrystal model catalysts are reviewed. Finally, concluding remarks and future prospects are given on a comprehensive approach of model catalysts from single crystals to nanocrystals for the investigations of surface chemistry and catalysis of powder catalysts approaching the working conditions as closely as possible.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"74 4","pages":"Article 100471"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.100471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3263785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and chemical phenomena occurring between solid ceramics and liquid metals and alloys at laser and plasma composite coatings formation: A review","authors":"Soufiane Oukach ,&nbsp;Bernard Pateyron ,&nbsp;Lech Pawłowski","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The review describes the physical and chemical phenomena occurring between solid ceramics used as reinforcement and liquid metals<span> and alloys used as matrix in the composite coatings. Initially, the properties of typical matrix metals as Ni, Co, Fe and alloys as Ni-based (NiCr, NiAl, NiCrAlY,…) and Co-based (</span></span><em>Stellites</em><span>) alloys in liquid state are described. Then, the phenomena related to the diffusion<span><span> of some atoms such as nitrogen or carbon in liquid metals and alloys solidification are described. Subsequently, the phenomena at the interface between liquid metals and alloys and solid ceramics such as oxides or carbides during the coatings' formation are reviewed. Finally, the methods of composite coatings deposition using </span>laser cladding and plasma transferred arc are described and the properties of the composite coatings related to their microstructure are discussed by taking into account the phenomena in melt-pool.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"74 3","pages":"Pages 213-241"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1945436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confined on-surface organic synthesis: Strategies and mechanisms","authors":"Tao Wang,&nbsp;Junfa Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>On-surface synthesis has been one of the hottest research fields in surface science in the last decade, owing to its great potential for bottom-up synthesis of functional molecules and covalent nanomaterials. Compared to classical in-solution chemistry, all of the on-surface reactions are done without solvent, thus very minimal byproducts and no limitation of solubility are involved. However, because of its typically required ultra-high vacuum conditions, where only limited catalysts can be used, a key challenge for on-surface synthesis is the precise control of the reaction pathway. Countless efforts have been made for controllable synthesis of target chemical structures on surfaces by distinct strategies. These strategies can be summarized under following aspects: 1) rational choice of surfaces; 2) template effects based on two-dimensional (2D) environments; 3) on-surface thermodynamic and kinetic controls; 4) the participation of chemisorbed nonmetal adatoms on surfaces. This report reviews the recent progress toward the control of on-surface synthesis and raises a series of questions at the end, which deserve further explorations in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"74 2","pages":"Pages 97-140"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1945438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gas-surface interactions on two-dimensional crystals","authors":"Uwe Burghaus","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Two-dimensional (2D) crystals have developed into a popular mainstream research topic which is interesting for basic research and many applications. Gas-surface interactions, as reviewed here, are important for catalysis including noble metal-free catalysts, materials science, and surface science as well as environmental and energy technologies. Basic science concerns fundamental differences of 2D crystals and bulk materials as well as e.g. how the substrate of epitaxial 2D crystals affects their surface properties.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Most of the attention so far obtained (gas-phase) water adsorption which always was an evergreen in surface science. However, studies about small inorganic/organic molecule adsorption (CO, CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;, O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;, H, rare gases, H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;S, SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;, alkanes, benzene, alcohols, thiophene&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, etc.) and surface reactions on 2D crystals (CO oxidation&lt;span&gt;, ethylene epoxidation, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;oxygen reduction reaction, SO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; oxidation) started to appear in the literature as well. This review describes all of these probe molecules, but focuses on experimental and theoretical surface science model studies usually conducted at ultra-high vacuum (UHV).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The review focusses on graphene and functionalized graphene (graphene oxide, N-graphene, etc.) since the bulk of the literature deals with that system. However, included in fair detail are also many other 2D crystals such as silicatene, zeolite&lt;span&gt; films (doped silicatene), metal dichalcogenides (such as MoS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, WS&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;), boron nitride, MXenes, germanene, &lt;/span&gt;silicene, TiO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, graphane, graphone, and portlandene.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;As a prototypical example, in recent projects, the wetting properties of e.g. graphene for water were controversially discussed. Therefore, a long chapter is devoted to water on graphene. That dispute was originally based on contact angle measurements at ambient pressure. In the meanwhile detailed surface science works including theoretical modelling are available. Literature on other carboneous surfaces such as HOPG (see list of acronyms) will be considered as a reference. Related works are also visible for other inorganic 2D crystals such as silicatene, i.e., 2D-SiO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, or 2D-MoS&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; as well as functionalized 2D crystals (i.e. graphene oxide, N-doped graphene, graphane, etc.). Hydrophobic systems also are interesting for applications.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Although included in this review, but not described in very detail are electro chemistry&lt;span&gt; studies, projects in the liquid phase, photo-chemistry, high pressure catalysis, and pure engineering studies (membranes, separation, fuel cells). However, in comparison with 2D crystals and to perhaps motivate related UHV surface chemistry projects in the future many of these projects were i","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"74 2","pages":"Pages 141-177"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.01.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1945440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directional Auger and elastic peak electron spectroscopies: Versatile methods to reveal near-surface crystal structure","authors":"I. Morawski,&nbsp;M. Nowicki","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>A review of directional Auger (DAES) and directional elastic peak electron spectroscopy (DEPES) for investigations of the short range order<span><span><span> within a near-surface region, similar to XPD, is presented. The application of these techniques requires nothing more than a retarding field analyser (RFA), commonly applied for the observation of low energy </span>electron diffraction (LEED) patterns and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) measurements, for in depth structural investigations associated with the short range order within a near-surface region. The physical principles, experimental set-up, as well as examples of experimental and theoretical results, the latter obtained with the use of single scattering cluster (SSC) and multiple scattering (MS) calculations adopted for primary electron plane wave, are shown. The scattering geometry and details concerning the scattering events of primary electrons in crystalline solids described by SSC and MS approximations are presented. Furthermore, some issues related to computation parameters such as: maximal scattering order, the maximum radius around the emitter, the number of cluster layers, and the averaging range considered in the calculations are also addressed. The presentation of the data obtained for clean and covered substrates in the form of polar profiles and stereographic intensity distributions enables the straightforward identification of the crystalline structure within the first few sample layers. The data presented in the form of anisotropy maps enable the identification of interatomic axes formed between substrate and adsorbate atoms at the interface. The contribution of different sample layers to the final DEPES signal is discussed. The comparison of </span>DAES<span><span> results with those obtained by means of x-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD) is also presented. The qualitative and quantitative data analysis, the latter achieved by the comparison of experimental data with theoretical results by means of an R-factor analysis, is shown. The application of DAES and DEPES enables the characterization of the crystalline structure of adsorption systems from one monolayer (1 ML) up to thicknesses of the adsorbate limited by the inelastic mean free path of the registered electrons. Exemplary results are presented for adsorption systems, where the adsorbate and the substrate crystallize in the same (Ag/Cu, Pt/Cu, Cu/Pt) and in different (Cu/Ru) structures. The influence of the large unit cell of graphene formed on Ru(0001) on measured DEPES intensities is also shown. The detailed analysis of these results enables an identification of the short range order of atoms within the near-surface region, of adsorbate domains exhibiting different orientation with respect to the crystalline substrate, the determination of the domain populations, the relaxation and termination of the surface, the specific adsorption sites of </span>adsorbed atoms, as well as the positions ","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"74 2","pages":"Pages 178-212"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2019.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1945441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hexagonal boron nitride monolayers on metal supports: Versatile templates for atoms, molecules and nanostructures","authors":"Willi Auwärter","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hexagonal boron nitride (<em>h</em>BN) monolayers have attracted considerable interest as atomically thin sp²-hybridized sheets that are readily synthesized on various metal supports. They complement the library of two-dimensional materials including graphene and open perspectives for van der Waals heterostructures. In this review, we discuss the surface science of <em>h</em>BN including its growth, the <em>h</em>BN/metal interface and its application as template for adsorbates. We mainly focus on experimental studies on <em>h</em>BN/metal single crystals under ultra-high vacuum conditions. The interfaces are classified regarding their geometric structure - ranging from planar to strongly corrugated overlayers - and their electronic properties - covering weakly and strongly interacting systems. The main part of this review deals with <em>h</em>BN/metal substrates acting as supports for adsorbates such as individual atoms, metal clusters, organic molecules, metal-organic complexes and networks. We summarize recent surface science studies that reveal the unique role of the <em>h</em>BN/metal interfaces in tailoring characteristic properties of such adsorbates. Central aspects include templating and self-assembly, catalytic activity and on-surface reactions, electronic and magnetic structure. As many of the resulting systems feature superstructures with periodicities in the nanometer range, a length scale also reflecting the size of adsorbates, scanning probe microscopy is one of the most common techniques employed. In short, the goal of this review is to give an overview on the experimental and complementary theoretical studies on <em>h</em>BN templates available to date and to highlight future perspectives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 1-95"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.10.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1847968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}