{"title":"Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of Nanosized like rods Cr(III), Mn(II), and Ru(III) complexes with a novel Hydrazone ligand: Structural, DFT, biomedical, and molecular docking investigations","authors":"Khalaf Al-Ghamdi","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study reports the sonochemical synthesis of novel nanosized Cr(III), Mn(II), and Ru(III) complexes incorporating the 1-{[Bis-(4-bromo-phenyl)-methylene]-hydrazonomethyl}-naphthalen-2-ol ligand. The synthesized complexes were characterized using FT-IR, UV–Vis, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), confirming successful coordination of the ligand to the metal centers and the formation of stable complexes with distinct physicochemical properties. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed nanosized rod-like structures with uniform distribution and well-defined morphology, demonstrating the effectiveness of the sonochemical route in producing controlled nanoscale features. Biological evaluations, including antimicrobial and antioxidant assays, indicated that the synthesized complexes exhibited significantly enhanced activity compared to the free ligand. The complexes showed potent antibacterial and antifungal effects against pathogenic strains, as well as strong antioxidant potential demonstrated by DPPH radical scavenging. Furthermore, molecular docking studies provided valuable insights into the binding interactions of the complexes with biological targets, supporting the experimental results and clarifying their possible mechanisms of action. Overall, the findings highlight the efficiency of sonochemical synthesis in fabricating nanosized Cr(III), Mn(II), and Ru(III) complexes with improved physicochemical and biological properties, suggesting their promising potential for future pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 102662"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siyabonga B. Mdluli , Morongwa E. Ramoroka , Kwena.D. Modibane , Vivian S. John-Denk , Emmanuel I. Iwuoha
{"title":"Effect of 2,2-Dialkyl/Diaryl substituents on the opto-electronics of poly(propylene-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophenoimine)-co-poly(3,4- propylenedioxythiophene) dendritic star copolymers","authors":"Siyabonga B. Mdluli , Morongwa E. Ramoroka , Kwena.D. Modibane , Vivian S. John-Denk , Emmanuel I. Iwuoha","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of four dendritic star copolymers that consist of G2poly(propyleneamine) dendrimer core, and pendants of poly(propylene-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) substituted with 2,2- dibenzyl, 2,2-dicyclohexylmethyl, 2,2-dimethyl, and 2,2-dihexyl that grew out from the core, were synthesized using a combination of Schiff base condensation and chemical oxidative copolymerization techniques. Chemical structures of dendritic star copolymers were examined and confirmed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Raman, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies (FTIR). The effect of the 2,2-dialkyl substituents on the opto- electronics and thermal stability of the dendritic star copolymers was evaluated using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and photoluminescence (PL). Insertion of long chains of 2,2-dicyclohexyl showed a bathochromic shift and reduction in optical band gap compared to other substituents. TGA revealed less thermal resistance and fast degradation rates at temperatures above 300 °C associated with copolymers decomposition. This work revealed that modification of copolymers with alkyl or aryl substituents alter significantly with their thermal and optical properties by changing the decomposition temperature and optical bandgap.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 102642"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Boron nitride nanosheets: a comprehensive review of synthesis and multifunctional applications","authors":"Elaheh Bahrami, Arshia Dehghani Barenji, Marzieh Esmaeilzadeh Khabazi, Alireza Najafi Chermahini","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) have attracted the attention of researchers due to their unique physical and chemical properties, including structural robustness, stability toward oxidation and reduction, thermal conductivity, bifunctional acidity-basicity character, and electrical insulation. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of BNNS synthesis methods, categorizing them into top-down and bottom-up approaches. A critical comparison of these methods is presented, focusing on their efficiency, scalability, and potential for large-scale production. Additionally, this review explores the catalytic applications of BNNS, highlighting their role as both independent catalysts and support materials. Several sections are also dedicated to the different uses of BNNSs in catalytic and electrocatalytic applications, especially in environmental science, water treatment, energy, and biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 102655"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiakang Sun , Shuyan Sun , Yasen Qiao , Xinlan Yu , Yalei Dong , Lei Sun , Haiyan Wang , Dongchun Liu
{"title":"Determination of sex hormones in herb materials using supramolecular solvent extraction coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","authors":"Jiakang Sun , Shuyan Sun , Yasen Qiao , Xinlan Yu , Yalei Dong , Lei Sun , Haiyan Wang , Dongchun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A supramolecular solvent (SUPRAS)-based extraction approach was developed for sample pretreatment of two kinds of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Coupling with HPLC-MS/MS, the analytical method was established for simultaneous quantification of 17 sex hormones in medicinal plants including <em>Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.</em> (LCH) and <em>notopterygium incisum.</em> (NI). Based on the inherent molecular recognition capability, the types and amounts of alkyl alcohols, tetrahydrofuran dosage, supramolecular solvent dosage, and vortex time were systematically investigated. Key validation parameters including linear range and precision were thoroughly evaluated. The method achieved recovery rates from 76.4 % to 109.8 % with relative standard deviation 2.6 %–9.8 %. LOD was in the range of 0.04 μg/g to 0.16 μg/g and LOQ was in the range of 0.16 μg/g to 0.8 μg/g. Matrix effects were also evaluated and ranged between 71.5 % and 111.3 %. Besides that, only 4 mL of extractant was required to perform one-step extraction and purification of the 17 hormones in LCH and NI with enhanced extraction efficiency. These results demonstrated satisfactory analytical performance of the present method comparing with conventional extraction methodologies. Successfully applied to herbal materials demonstrated robust performance in complex phytochemical systems, confirming SUPRAS extraction as an effective alternative to conventional techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 102636"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bernard Barnor , Albert Eshun , Eswaran Prabakaran , Opeoluwa I. Adeiga , Chris Curtis , Kriveshini Pillay
{"title":"The investigations of photocatalytic degradation and defluorination of perfluorooctanoic acid using palm kernel shell activated carbon and Fe-Sn binary oxides nanocomposite under visible light irradiation","authors":"Bernard Barnor , Albert Eshun , Eswaran Prabakaran , Opeoluwa I. Adeiga , Chris Curtis , Kriveshini Pillay","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a persistent pollutant in the environment that does not break down easily because its strong C<img>F bonds strong. Current methods for degrading organic pollutants such as PFOA often have low mineralization efficiency, need a lot of energy, and cause pollution in other ways. In response to these challenges, this study presents an innovative palm kernel shell activated carbon-supported binary oxide, Fe₂O₃/SnO₂ (PKSAC-Fe₂O₃/SnO₂), as a heterojunction and multifunctional photocatalyst for the decomposition of PFOA under visible light. This research presents an innovative PKSAC-Fe₂O₃/SnO₂ nanocomposite that used the synergistic interaction among the large surface area and adsorption capacity of bio-derived activated carbon, the redox reactivity of Fe₂O₃, and the potent oxidative characteristics of SnO₂. The photocatalytic degradation performance of PKSAC-Fe₂O₃/SnO₂ nanocomposite was tested by irradiation of visible light on it. The optimum conditions were found to be pH 5, a catalyst dose of 5.0 mg, and an initial PFOA concentration of 20 ppm. After 6 of irradiation, the nanocomposite reached an impressive PFOA degradation efficiency of 92.40 % and a defluorination rate of 51.23 %, showing that the fluorinated compound had been mineralized significantly. Mechanistic investigations showed that the hydroxyl radical (•OH) and direct electron were the main species involved in the partial mineralization of PFOA with five shorter-chain intermediates identified. The catalyst's potential reusability coupled with its low-cost, biomass-derived support, present a sustainable solution for PFAS remediation. This work advanced the design of efficient, solar-driven catalysts for persisting pollutant degradation, bridging critical gaps in energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 102607"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thi Minh Nguyet Bui , The Ky Vo , Tran Minh Quang , Van Hung Nguyen , Van Minh Truong
{"title":"Novel magnetic MgFe2O4/CAU-17 composites with improved photocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic tetracycline under natural sunlight","authors":"Thi Minh Nguyet Bui , The Ky Vo , Tran Minh Quang , Van Hung Nguyen , Van Minh Truong","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The demand for effective structures that harness natural sunlight for photocatalytic water remediation remains a significant challenge. Here, hybrid MgFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/CAU-17 (MFOCAU) materials with varied compositions were prepared by incorporating MgFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> into Bi-MOF CAU-17 during the MOF synthesis. Combining CAU-17 frameworks with ferrite nanocrystallites yielded heterostructures featuring a compatible bandgap combination, enhancing light absorption and improving the separation and migration efficiency of charge carriers. Under natural sunlight irradiation, the MFOCAU catalysts achieved a removal efficiency of approximately 91 % for tetracycline (TC), surpassing pure ferrite and CAU-17. Mechanism assessments, including radical scavenger tests and HPLC-LC/MS measurements, revealed the role of reactive species and the photodegradation pathways of TC. Notably, the produced MgFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/CAU-17 exhibits magnetic properties, allowing for convenient recovery from the suspension using a magnet. The findings suggest that combining ferrite and MOF could be a potential strategy for producing effective materials for photocatalytic water decontamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 102666"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maâzou Siragi D. B. , Halidou I. Hima , Ibrahim Natatou , Vincent Dubois
{"title":"A comparative study of the adsorption kinetics of AuCN2− and AuS2O323− by prepared activated carbon","authors":"Maâzou Siragi D. B. , Halidou I. Hima , Ibrahim Natatou , Vincent Dubois","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The adsorption behaviour of two gold complexes, <span><math><msup><mfenced><mrow><mi>Au</mi><msub><mfenced><mi>CN</mi></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></mfenced><mo>−</mo></msup></math></span> and <span><math><msup><mfenced><mrow><mi>Au</mi><msub><mfenced><mrow><msub><mi>S</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></mfenced><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>, was examined using activated carbon (AC) derived from <em>Parinari macrophylla</em> walnut shells. The AC samples were prepared by physical activation under N₂ or CO₂ atmospheres at a final pyrolysis temperature of 900 °C. Structural, chemical, and adsorption properties were characterized through N₂ adsorption isotherms, Boehm titration, infrared spectroscopy, and iodine and methylene blue indices. Adsorption experiments were conducted with 2 g·L<sup>−1</sup> of AC in 10 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> Au solutions, over an 8 h contact period, and kinetic modelling was performed using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order equations. Activated carbons obtained under N₂ and CO₂ atmospheres exhibited specific surface areas of 596 and 1167 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, with total pore volumes of 0.261 and 0.582 cm<sup>3</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>, and microporosity exceeding 55 %. Surface chemistry analysis revealed a predominantly basic character, with aromatic C<img>C and carbonyl (C=O) functionalities as the main groups. Gold adsorption efficiencies ranged from 33.87 % to 99.49 %, confirming high aqueous-phase adsorption performance. For both complexes, adsorption kinetics were best described by the pseudo-second-order model, and particle size had a marked effect on adsorption rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 102641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advancing sustainable medical waste management: The role of pyrolysis in resource recovery and environmental protection","authors":"C. Thiagarajan , Devarajan Yuvarajan , Manjunath Channappagoudra , Deepak Bhanot , Vijay J. Upadhye , Sasanka Choudhury , Krishna Kumar Shukla","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Medical waste presents significant challenges for solid waste management, demanding solutions that are both economically viable and environmentally sustainable. Pyrolysis has emerged as a promising thermochemical method for converting this waste into valuable energy and chemical products. However, practical implementation is often hindered by inefficiencies and concerns related to environmental compliance. Medical waste, which is typically bulky and potentially contaminated, primarily comprises polymer-based materials. These materials pose critical environmental and public health risks if not properly treated. Pyrolysis offers an environmentally friendly alternative by breaking down medical plastics in a low-oxygen environment to yield valuable products such as liquid hydrocarbons, syngas, and char. Recent advancements in catalytic pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis have enhanced product selectivity and yield, improving the commercial viability of the process. This review explores the mechanisms of polymer degradation, the application of pyrolysis for recycling medical waste, and the technological innovations that improve its efficiency. Additionally, the review addresses the environmental and economic aspects of pyrolysis, including strategies for managing feedstock variability, reducing energy consumption, and controlling emissions. Overall, the findings highlight pyrolysis as a promising and sustainable approach for managing medical waste, while also stressing the importance of further research into process optimization and the development of supportive regulatory policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 102639"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-performance electrocatalytic degradation of crystal violet using graphene hydroxide-modified PbO2 electrode","authors":"Titin Aryani , Roto Roto , Mudasir Mudasir","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrocatalytic degradation of crystal violet using PbO₂/GOH electrodes (GOH: graphene hydroxide) has been carried out. GOH was synthesized via exfoliation, hydrothermal, and ultrasonication, while the PbO₂/GOH electrode was prepared using EPD (electrophoretic deposition). GOH exhibits a single peak at 266 nm, high intensity of C<img>C and O<img>H stretching vibrations, and an I<sub>D</sub>/I<sub>G</sub> ratio of 0.55 in the Raman spectrum. The XRD pattern shows peak broadening and a 98.22 % decrease in intensity, while the SEM image shows aggregated graphene sheets, a slightly rough surface, and porosity in the form of gaps. The TEM image shows thin GOH layers, and SEM-EDX data indicate that GOH has a C/O ratio of 2.04. The interaction between PbO₂ and GOH is marked by new bands at 683, 843, and 1409 cm<sup>−1</sup>. The morphological change of PbO₂ from fine to coarse particles in PbO₂/GOH was observed via SEM-EDX, indicating interaction between PbO₂ and GOH. Based on SEM-EDX results, the C/O/Pb ratio in PbO₂/GOH is 79.36/17.72/1.46 %. The cyclic voltamogram of PbO₂/GOH shows that the current increases by 73.33 % and the voltage decreases by 23.53 %. The electrodegradation of the crystal violet using PbO₂/GOH within 10 min can remove 99 % of the dye, reduce BOD by 94.08 %, and COD by 95.79 %, while in actual wastewater, it can remove 96 % of the dye and reduce BOD and COD by 97 % and 98 %, respectively. The electrode can be reused up to 10 cycles, and the dissolution of Pb<sup>2+</sup> ions decreased by 71.66 % compared to unmodified PbO₂ electrodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 102652"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Man Zhang , Peng Zhao , Sarangua Ochir , Wenming Bai , Jingkun Lu , Mu Dan , Surina Bo , Chen Chen
{"title":"Sulfated modification, characterizations, anti-oxidant and immunostimulatory activities of a polysaccharide from Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst. Roots","authors":"Man Zhang , Peng Zhao , Sarangua Ochir , Wenming Bai , Jingkun Lu , Mu Dan , Surina Bo , Chen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chinese Zicao, also known as <em>A. euchroma (Royle) Johnst</em>., is a valuable agricultural product with roots in traditional Chinese medicine. A polysaccharide was taken from the <em>A. euchroma (Royle) Johnst.</em> Roots, called ARP, produced immunomodulatory effect by activating spleen lymphocyte and RAW264.7 cells. The chemical modification of natural polysaccharide enhanced its physicochemical and functional aspects. The ARP here is modified by sulfation. The total amounts of sugar and protein of the sulfated derivative (S1-ARP and S2-ARP) were decreased, but the molecular weight were increased. The structural analysis illustrated that the conformation of ARP was altered to a triple-helix structure after sulfation. The immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities of S1-ARP with high degree of substitution (DS = 0.24) were evidently enhanced by sulfated modification than unmodified polysaccharide and S2-ARP with low degree of substitution (DS = 0.028), especially the functional activation of macrophage was strengthened. As such, S1-ARP may be developed as an immunomodulatory drug has possible uses in the pharmaceutical and food industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 102624"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}