Gaber M. Edris , Ibrahim Mustafa , Nasser Almutlaq , Mohamed Helmy Abdel-Aziz
{"title":"Response surface analysis of toluene biodegradation in wastewater using sand soil biofilm systems","authors":"Gaber M. Edris , Ibrahim Mustafa , Nasser Almutlaq , Mohamed Helmy Abdel-Aziz","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the optimization of biological treatment for toluene-contaminated wastewater using biofilms developed in sand soil media. <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> was cultivated on fine and coarse sand media in Perspex column reactors to evaluate the effects of contact time, biomass dosage, liquid flow rate, and initial toluene concentration on % removal efficiency. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to model and optimize the process parameters, identifying significant interactions between variables. Fine sand media outperformed coarse sand, achieving higher removal efficiency due to increased surface area, improved biofilm adhesion, and extended contact time. ANOVA results confirmed the model's robustness, with contact time and initial toluene concentration emerging as critical factors. The optimization revealed maximum removal efficiency (87.1 %) under optimal conditions: 189.4 h of contact time, 170.664 mg L<sup>−1</sup> biomass dosage, 0.303 L min<sup>−1</sup> liquid flow rate, and 538.25 mg L<sup>−1</sup> initial toluene concentration. These findings highlight the potential of biofilm-based treatment systems for industrial wastewater, offering an eco-friendly and cost-effective solution. The study underscores the importance of integrating RSM in designing efficient and scalable wastewater treatment processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 102232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kanon Sampe , Hideyuki Katsumata , Ikki Tateishi , Mai Furukawa , Satoshi Kaneco
{"title":"CoFe2O4 catalyst with abundant oxygen vacancies as peroxymonosulfate activator for enhanced diclofenac degradation","authors":"Kanon Sampe , Hideyuki Katsumata , Ikki Tateishi , Mai Furukawa , Satoshi Kaneco","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) using peroxymonosulfate (PMS) have gained attention for the removal of organic pollutants such as diclofenac (DCF) from wastewater. This paper presents an innovative approach for the preparation of CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (CFO) with abundant oxygen vacancies (OVs) (CFO (2.5)). Compared to conventional CFO, CFO (2.5) exhibits superior catalytic performance owing to the abundance of OVs on its surface, which enhances the oxygen conversion rates and facilitates the efficient redox cycling of Co<sup>2+</sup>/Co<sup>3+</sup> and Fe<sup>2+</sup>/Fe<sup>3+</sup>. The CFO (2.5)/PMS system achieved 99.9 % DCF removal within 10 min, with a rate constant that was 15 times higher than that of the CFO system. In addition, the CFO (2.5)/PMS system demonstrated wide pH applicability and consistently achieved a DCF removal efficiency >99.9 %. This system generates both radical and non-radical species for effective DCF degradation. CFO (2.5) also showed high stability, maintaining a 99.9 % removal efficiency after four cycles. This study provides a method for designing catalysts with abundant oxygen vacancies for efficient PMS activation and the treatment of wastewater contaminated with organic pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 102229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bao-Long Hou , Wenyu Li , Ruirui Feng , Xiumei Yang , Jianli Liu , Cuiling Wang
{"title":"A novel rhodamine 6G-based chemosensor for Fe3+ detection in water samples and cellular imaging","authors":"Bao-Long Hou , Wenyu Li , Ruirui Feng , Xiumei Yang , Jianli Liu , Cuiling Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new Schiff base rhodamine 6G-indole-conjugated (RIC) probe with amine groups was synthesized for the highly sensitive and selective detection of Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions. RIC showed selectivity for Fe<sup>3+</sup> with minimal interference from 14 other metal ions. The detection limit was 40 nM. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to predict the orbital electron distribution and molecular geometry of the RIC-Fe<sup>3+</sup> complex. Moreover, confocal laser scanning microscopy was employed to confirm the effectiveness of RIC for detecting Fe<sup>3+</sup> in living cells. Additionally, RIC proved effective in detecting Fe<sup>3+</sup> in aqueous samples, with favorable relative recovery and standard deviations, thus offering a new method for Fe<sup>3+</sup> detection in practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 102228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical and structural behavior of poly(3-methylthiophene) at different interfaces: Synthesis and characterization","authors":"Leandro Rodrigues Koenig , Mayara Masae Kubota , Henrique de Santana","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in poly(3-alkylthiophenes) (P3ATs) research have facilitated application of these materials in advanced organic devices in which charge transport and energy storage properties are required, owing to their ability to stabilize oxidized structures in their polymer chains. To improve understanding their associated behavior, systematic studies of poly(3-methylthiophene) (P3MT) electrochemically deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) and platinum were carried out, using cyclic voltammetry, UV–Vis. absorption spectroscopy, <em>ex situ</em> and <em>in situ</em> Raman spectroscopy and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the electrochemical synthesis conditions and applied potential determine the stability of the radical cation and dication segments in the polymer matrix. With the knowledge acquired, the conditions for applying these results to the interface, involving P3MT and titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) impregnated with camphorsulfonic acid, could be defined. This system was characterized by <em>ex situ</em> Raman techniques and EIS. A significant increase in the formation of the radical cation segment was observed after electrochemical synthesis. Furthermore, it was found that the transition of the radical cation to dication segments occurs over time, favoring an improved stability between these segments at the interface with TiO<sub>2</sub>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 102226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ikechukwu P. Ejidike , Amani Direm , Cemal Parlak , Solomon A. Olaleru , Charles O. Adetunji , Fanyana M. Mtunzi , Athar Ata , Michael O. Eze , Hadley S. Clayton , Peter A. Ajibade , Joshua W. Hollett
{"title":"DNA gyrase inhibition by Ni(II)-Schiff base complexes via in silico molecular docking studies: Spectroscopic, DFT calculations and in vitro pharmacological assessment","authors":"Ikechukwu P. Ejidike , Amani Direm , Cemal Parlak , Solomon A. Olaleru , Charles O. Adetunji , Fanyana M. Mtunzi , Athar Ata , Michael O. Eze , Hadley S. Clayton , Peter A. Ajibade , Joshua W. Hollett","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current world's life-threatening illnesses have amplified multidrug resistance infections, bringing about immune system mayhem, thus, the quest for novel antimicrobial compounds with a broad spectrum of action. Four Ni(II) complexes, [Ni(<em>YB</em>)Cl]·2H<sub>2</sub>O <strong>(C1)</strong>, [Ni(<em>YB</em>)Br]·H<sub>2</sub>O <strong>(C2)</strong>, [Ni(<em>YB</em>)NO<sub>3</sub>]·3H<sub>2</sub>O <strong>(C3)</strong>, [Ni(<em>YB</em>)COOCH<sub>3</sub>]·2H<sub>2</sub>O <strong>(C4)</strong> [<strong>HYB</strong> = 4-[(1<em>E</em>)-<em>N</em>-{2-[(<em>Z</em>)-(4-methoxybenzylidene)amino]ethyl}ethanimidoyl]benzene-1,3-diol], were synthesized. Analytical techniques like CHNS analysis, UV–Vis, FT-IR, molar conductance, XRD, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, and TGA/DTA were utilized for characterization. The calculated <em>E</em><sub><em>HOMO</em></sub> – <em>E</em><sub><em>LUMO</em></sub> energy gap and global reactivity descriptors of the compounds were performed by DFT calculations. The energy gap (Δ<em>E</em>) = <em>E</em><sub>HOMO</sub> – <em>E</em><sub>HOMO</sub> for the studied compounds <strong>HYB</strong>, <strong>C3</strong>, <strong>C4</strong>, <strong>C1</strong>, and <strong>C2</strong> were found to be 1.736, 1.243, 1.221 1.217, and 1.193 eV respectively. The chelated complexes exhibited higher DPPH radical scavenging power than the corresponding free <strong>HYB</strong> ligand. Amongst the complexes, <strong>C2</strong> displayed the highest scavenging ability (IC<sub>50</sub> = 2.59 ± 1.21 μM). Antimicrobial activities of the synthesized compounds were validated against bacterial strains: gram (+) <em>E. faecalis</em> and <em>S. aureus</em>; gram (−) <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and <em>K. pneumoniae</em>; and fungi: <em>C. neoformans</em> and <em>C. albicans</em>. <strong>C2</strong> exhibited the most inhibition (MIC = 390.6 μg/mL) against <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and <em>E. faecalis</em>, while <strong>C1</strong> acted as the most effective compound (MIC = 48.83 <em>μ</em>g/mL) against the fungi strains. The docking study illustrated the highest binding affinity of −7.30 kcal/mol by <strong>C2</strong> with <em>P. aeruginosa</em> (PDB: <span><span><strong>8BN6</strong></span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), and <strong>C1</strong> for the <em>C. neoformans</em> with −6.04 kcal/mol (PDB ID: <span><span><strong>7T08</strong></span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) binding sites. Potential binding modes around the receptor's active sites were predicted by the <em>in silico</em> molecular docking studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 102219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Imran Rashid , Muhammad Nawaz , Muhammad Athar , Mahboob Ahmed Aadil , Asim Umer , Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas , Muhammad Nasir Bashir , Muhammad Mahmood Ali
{"title":"Research trends in cementitious materials via slags aqueous mineral carbonation: A bibliometric analysis","authors":"Muhammad Imran Rashid , Muhammad Nawaz , Muhammad Athar , Mahboob Ahmed Aadil , Asim Umer , Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas , Muhammad Nasir Bashir , Muhammad Mahmood Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concentration of carbon dioxide in the environment is increasing due to industrial activities. Therefore, its sequestration has been considered a viable solution for environmental sustainability. Several techniques for this purpose are in use. Production of cementitious materials for carbon dioxide sequestration has surfaced as a propitious technique. This review work is majorly covering the bibliometric analysis for aqueous mineral carbonation of slags. For this purpose, Scopus data has been engaged and data for 892 documents has been extracted. This data is analyzed using VOSviewer, MS Excel, and Rstudio. The analysis helps to recognize research growth, influential authors, and prominent organizations. It is identified from the results that both the publications and citations have increased exponentially over the years. The analysis also revealed prominent countries, authors and organizations for significant research contributions. Connections between various topics have been identified via keyword analysis. Conclusively, the analysis presented in this article can compel the researchers to present novel solutions to achieve the environment sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 102223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mario Saavedra-Torres , Felipe Toledo , Yoan Hidalgo-Rosa , David Contreras , Eduardo Schott , Ximena Zarate
{"title":"Role of Sn atoms on the Crotonaldehyde (2-Butenal) adsorption over bimetallic catalysts PtSn(110), Pt3Sn(111)/Pt(111), Pt3Sn(111) and PtSn4(010): A periodic DFT study","authors":"Mario Saavedra-Torres , Felipe Toledo , Yoan Hidalgo-Rosa , David Contreras , Eduardo Schott , Ximena Zarate","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, adsorption of crotonaldehyde (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O) on catalysts composed by Pt and Sn was examined using periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Therefore, different compositions of catalysts were evaluated such as, PtSn(110), Pt<sub>3</sub>Sn(111), PtSn<sub>4</sub>(010) and Pt<sub>3</sub>Sn(111)/Pt(111) surfaces. The surfaces were modeled with the aim to get new insight of the Pt atom dilution in the surface maintaining the catalytic activity. In all studied systems, when Sn atoms are located on the surface layer, O<sub>(cro)</sub>-Sn interactions occur and the C<sub>(cro)</sub>-Pt distances get shorter. For larger abundance of Sn in PtSn<sub>4</sub>(010) produced a considerable decrease of the interacting configurations number towards Pt atoms, being the most observed interaction the O<sub>(cro)</sub>-Pt . The results allowed us to show that the interactions might induce the conversion of crotonaldehyde towards hydrogenation products, <em>i.e.</em> those interactions through the carbonyl oxygen with the catalysts could result in crotyl alcohol, while those with C<img>C double bond on the surface could produce butyraldehyde or 1-butanol. The study provides the first insights for the understanding of crotonaldehyde adsorption on Pt<sub>x</sub>Sn<sub>y</sub> at the atomic level, particularly the role of Sn adsorption sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 102224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biuck Habibi, Samaneh Makani, Rahim Mohammad-Rezaei
{"title":"Co/Zn ZIFs with MXene and MWCNTs nanocomposites for electro-detection of nitrite ions: Effect of composite substrate","authors":"Biuck Habibi, Samaneh Makani, Rahim Mohammad-Rezaei","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work introduces an electrochemical sensor designed for detection of nitrite ions using multi walled carbon nanotubes bimetallic zeolitic imidazole frameworks (MWCNTs-Co/Zn ZIFs) and MXene-Co/Zn ZIFs modified carbon ceramic electrodes (CCE) through a one-step electrochemical process. The pHysiochemical characterizations of modified electrodes were investigated by using X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray and electrochemical methods. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques were used to assess the electrochemical performance of the modified electrodes toward oxidation and determination of nitrite ions. Both of the MWCNTs-Co/Zn ZIFs/CCE and MXene-Co/Zn ZIFs/CCE show high electrocatalytic activity for oxidation of nitrite ions in neutral media (pH = 7.0). Owing to the fascinating synergy between the intrinsic two-dimensional MXene and Co/Zn-ZIFs, the MXene-Co/Zn-ZIFs/CCE shows better electrocatalytic activity than the MWCNTs-Co/Zn ZIFs/CCE. The selected sensor, MXene-Co/Zn ZIFs/CCE, exhibits a linear response range from 2 to 500 μM, LOD (1.6 μM), LOQ (5.5 μM) and sensitivity (1.80180 μA mM<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup>). Moreover, this sensor retains 96.77 % of its initial response after 25 days of storage at room temperature in the laboratory. Finally, the MXene-Co/Zn ZIFs/CCE was used for determination of nitrite ions in real samples with satisfactory results which suggests that the constructed sensor has high potential application in food samples analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 102215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comprehensive review on green methods: Synthesis of benzothiazoles","authors":"V.V.K. Vasu Juthiga , S.N. Murthy Boddapati , Megha Balha , Ramana Tamminana","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of heterocyclic compounds has consistently attracted the attention of chemists working on both synthetic and natural products. Benzothiazole (BTZ) is one of the most important fused heterocyclic motifs among the heterocyclic scaffolds containing nitrogen and sulfur. In recent times, medicinal chemists have focused more on the structurally distinct benzothiazole motifs with remarkable bioactivity in order to continuously develop new drug moieties. In recent decades, many methodologies have been developed for the construction benzothiazole derivatives as desired molecules and they have illustrated diverse biological activities, however, a lot of real synthetic techniques are not sustainable, necessitating the use of eco-friendly tactics. Therefore, to support future advancements in the quantity of benzothiazole-based lead molecules, understanding the green synthetic pathways towards the benzothiazole is very crucial. Accordingly, this review focused on the results of published work on the green methods for the synthesis of benzothiazoles. In this review, the latest developments in different green synthetic approaches of benzothiazole and its derivatives over the last ten years (<strong>2014–2024</strong>) were compiled.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 102212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nanocatalytic reductive removal of Congo-red dye using boron-loaded cobalt oxide nanocomposites from aqueous solutions","authors":"Adugna Nigatu Alene , Alebel Abebaw Teshager , Adissu Getahun Adugna , Tadele Mihret Kndie , Mulugeta Kasaw Feleke , Minaleshewa Atlabachew , Gietu Yirga Abate , Duong Tuan Anh Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Incorporation of non-metal/metalloid/metal dopants into the crystal lattice of cobalt oxide nanoparticles provides a promising approach to design novel nanocatalysts with enhanced catalytic activity for dye removal. Herein, boron-loading cobalt oxide nanocomposites were synthesized via a simple co-precipitation technique for the catalytic removal of Congo red azo dye. The boron-loading cobalt oxide (0.3 M B@Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanocomposites exhibited approximately 4.2-fold increase in specific surface area (548.13 m<sup>2</sup>g<sup>−1</sup>), reduced band gap energy, and smaller crystallite size than pristine cobalt oxide nanoparticles. Therefore, boron-loaded Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs showed a higher Congo red dye removal efficiency of 98.61 %, an increase of about 1.16 times compared to the pristine Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs (84.85 %) in the preliminary experiment: 5 mg of catalyst, 50 mL of dye solution (50 mg/L), 1 mL of NaBH<sub>4</sub> (0.25 mg/L), and stirring at 400 rpm for 40 min. In addition, kinetic analysis confirmed that the boron-loaded Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, achieving 99.91 % CR dye degradation in 6 min with an apparent rate constant, k, greater than 0.98 min<sup>−1</sup>. It is noteworthy that the catalyst maintained a removal efficiency of over 98 % after ten reuse cycles, highlighting its excellent stability and reusability. Therefore, the boron-containing cobalt oxide nanomaterial is a promising nanocatalyst for the catalytic degradation of azo dyes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 102222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}