Results in Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of phytochemicals in watercress leaves using chromatographic, spectroscopic and in-vitro approaches","authors":"Bidisha Sengupta ,&nbsp;Allyssa Fisher ,&nbsp;James Villanueva ,&nbsp;Laken Simington ,&nbsp;Brenita Jenkins ,&nbsp;Kaelin Travis ,&nbsp;Debarshi Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Watercress (WC, <em>Nasturtium officinale</em>) is an aquatic leafy, perennial vegetable which belongs to the Brassicaceae family and is popularly used in salads and soups. Literature provides evidence on therapeutic importance of WC in treating wide spectrum of heath disorders, which include hypertension, cardiac and hepatic diseases, cancer, arthritis, bronchitis, diuresis, scurvy hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglycemia. The beneficial properties of watercress are due to the presence of phytochemicals including polyphenols, flavonoids, and terpenoids in WC leaves. The present study aims to explore the effect of a combination of polar solvents as mobile phase in HPLC to investigate the inherent phytochemical components in the WC-leaves methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and water extracts. Each WC leaf extract possessed a concentration of 0.105 g/mL of watercress leaf. Three different mobile phases were used in this study: i. 50 % acetonitrile, 30 % methanol, and 20 % water containing 0.04 % HCl; ii. 20 % acetonitrile, 30 % methanol, and 50 % water containing 0.04 % HCl; iii. 65 % acetonitrile, and 35 % water containing 0.04 % HCl. Our goal was to find the best solvent for extracting phytochemicals from WC leaves and to identify some of the chemicals that may be responsible for watercress's therapeutic properties. Total flavonoid content (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total phenolic acid content (TPAC) were determined using various colorimetric methods. Chemical structural analysis was conducted through attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform IR (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Some preliminary investigations in ovarian cancer cells showed important oxidative effects of WC against ovarian cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 102385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of glucose syrup extraction from Colocasia esculenta starch using enzymatic hydrolysis","authors":"Bethelhem Teshome ,&nbsp;Mikiyas Abewaa ,&nbsp;Jemal Abdu ,&nbsp;Magesh Rangaraju ,&nbsp;Ashagrie Mengistu ,&nbsp;Solomon Tibebu ,&nbsp;Tigabu Haddis","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to produce, characterize, and optimize glucose syrup from <em>Colocasia esculenta</em> starch through enzymatic hydrolysis, an area that remains insufficiently explored and studied in the existing literature. The process involved starch extraction from <em>Colocasia esculenta</em> and three sequential steps were followed for the extraction of glucose syrup. These stages include gelatinization, liquefaction, and saccharification. The physicochemical properties of <em>Colocasia esculenta</em>-derived starch were analyzed, revealing a moisture content of 12 %, water-holding capacity of 70 %, ash content of 0.66 %, particle size distribution of 7 μm, amylose content of 23.57 %, bulk density of 0.87 g/cm³, and a pH of 7.2. The study investigated the effects of pH, mixing time, and enzyme concentration on glucose syrup yield. The experiments were conducted at a constant temperature of 62.5 °C, with enzyme concentrations of 0.3, 0.35, and 0.4 mg/L, hydrolysis times of 240, 480, and 720 min, and pH levels of 4.5, 4.75, and 5. The results showed that optimal conditions of pH 4.75, enzyme concentration of 0.40 mg/L, and hydrolysis time of 720 min yielded the highest reducing sugar content (46 %), degree Brix (44.2 %), and maximum glucose yield (76 %). Overall, this study demonstrated that locally available <em>Colocasia esculenta</em> is a viable source for producing glucose syrup with desirable characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 102397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flavone and Flavonol derivatives as adenosine A1/A2A receptor ligands: Structure-affinity insights","authors":"Irna Groenewald ,&nbsp;Helena D. Janse van Rensburg ,&nbsp;Gisella Terre'Blanche","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kaempferol is a flavonol with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity and has also been found in medicinal plants such as <em>Aloe vera</em> and <em>Ginkgo biloba</em>. The interaction between flavonoids and proteins has attracted much attention and is of great value in developing new drugs and determining structure-activity relationships. Flavonoids have shown promising affinity towards adenosine receptors (ARs). This study selected kaempferol as the lead, and a series of synthesised and commercially available flavonoids were investigated via in vitro radioligand binding studies to determine their adenosine A₁ and A_2A receptor affinity. The flavonoids were divided into flavones and flavonols to examine the influence of different positions of hydroxylation and methoxylation on AR affinity. In silico evaluations of selected compounds were also performed to investigate their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. The most promising compounds were <strong>31</strong>, <strong>37</strong>, and <strong>38,</strong> which showed sub-micromolar affinities towards the rat A₁ subtype (rA₁<em>K</em>_i = 0.89 μM, 0.91 μM, and 0.93 μM, respectively), and <strong>37</strong> acted as an antagonist towards adenosine rA₁ receptors. Remarkably, it was observed that methylation on the C3 position of ring C increased A₁ AR affinity and selectivity. Although only four compounds showed A_2A AR affinity, it was seen that replacing the phenyl ring B with a furan ring resulted in compound <strong>39</strong> with the best A_2A affinity of 0.25 μM. Compounds <strong>31</strong>, <strong>37, 38</strong> and <strong>39</strong> may be considered lead-like and valuable in designing novel ligands based on in vitro and silico evaluations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 102391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico evaluation of guarana's bioactive compounds for diabetes, inflammation, and oxidative stress: Insights from molecular docking and ADMET profiling","authors":"Effaliza Misran ,&nbsp;Fitrien Husin ,&nbsp;Alia Natasha Sa'at ,&nbsp;Amirah Qistina Harun ,&nbsp;Saiful Irwan Zubairi ,&nbsp;Harisun Ya'akob","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising prevalence of chronic diseases such as diabetes, inflammatory disorders, and conditions associated with oxidative stress has intensified interest in natural products with therapeutic potential. Guarana (<em>Paullinia cupana</em>), a plant native to South America, is traditionally valued for its stimulant properties due to its high caffeine content. Its bioactive compounds including caffeine, catechin, epicatechin, theobromine, and theophylline are recognized for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic activities. While previous studies have explored guarana's biological effects, this study offers a novel approach by integrating molecular docking and ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) profiling to assess both bioactivity and pharmacokinetic suitability for therapeutic use. This study aims to evaluate the interaction of guarana's bioactive compounds with key enzymes linked to diabetes, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and to assess their drug-likeness and safety through in silico methods. Molecular docking results reveal that catechin shows strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (−8.9 kcal/mol) and PDE4B (−10 kcal/mol), supporting its anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory potential. Theobromine also exhibited a noteworthy binding affinity for NOX (−4.0 kcal/mol), indicating antioxidant capabilities. ADMET profiling further confirmed that these compounds possess favorable absorption, bioavailability, and low predicted toxicity at therapeutic concentrations. These findings suggest that guarana's bioactive compounds, particularly caffeine and catechin, are promising candidates for managing chronic diseases. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of guarana's compounds for further in vitro and in vivo validation, with ADMET insights supporting their safe progression towards clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 102394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zn-Co nanoferrite electrocatalysts for enhanced hydrogen and oxygen generation","authors":"Kiran Shahzadi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Sarfraz ,&nbsp;Muneerah Alomar ,&nbsp;M.A. Mujtaba ,&nbsp;Muhammad Nasir Bashir ,&nbsp;Muhammad Mahmood Ali ,&nbsp;Faisal Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to investigate the role of Zn_1-xCo_xFe₂O₄ electrocatalysts in enhancing the efficiency of water splitting reactions for hydrogen and oxygen evolution. A potpourri of hydrothermally synthesized Zn_1-xCo_xFe₂O₄ electrocatalysts was prepared to enhance water splitting reaction to evolve valuable hydrogen and oxygen gases. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques respectively corroborated chemical synthesis and cubic spinel structure of Zn_1-xCo_xFe₂O₄ alpha-ferrite electrocatalyst nanocrystals. Electrocatalytic behavior of prepared electrocatalysts was measured in terms of Tafel slope, overpotential and onset potential via linear sweep voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry techniques. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy assessed electrocatalytic capability for solution resistance and charge transfer. Electrocatalyst with higher concentration of cobalt than zinc in concocted ferrites (CoFe₂O₄), rendered largest electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction with lowest charge transfer resistance of 2.1 Ω, onset potential of 1.51 V, overpotential of 280 mV, and a Tafel slope of 65 mV/dec. Synthesized nanoferrite materials find electrocatalytic potential for evolution of hydrogen and oxygen in water splitting reactions according to electrochemical investigations. The findings suggest that Zn_₁₋ₓCoₓFe₂O₄ electrocatalysts, particularly those with higher cobalt content, can serve as efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting, providing a pathway for clean hydrogen fuel production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 102392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, DFT calculation, and molecular docking simulation of spirooxindoles based Creatinine chemosensor of Cu2+","authors":"Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani ,&nbsp;Nikoo Shamkhali ,&nbsp;Zahra Panahande ,&nbsp;Mehran Feizi-Dehnayebi ,&nbsp;Alireza Badiei","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The synthesis of a Cu²⁺ chemosensor is developed via the multi-component reaction of isatin, malononitrile, and creatinine using SiO₂-Pr-SO₃H as a silica nano-catalyst under solvent-free conditions in a short reaction time and high yield. The sensing properties of 2,5-diamino-1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1H-spiro[indole-3,7-pyrano[2,3-<em>d</em>]imidazole]-6‑carbonitrile(10⁻⁴ M) are being investigated for various metal ions in CH₃CN, which selectively detects Cu²⁺ ions by a significant decrease in fluorescence emission with a remarkable detection limit of 18 × 10⁻⁶ M. It is evident that Cu²⁺ ion is one of the dangerous heavy metals for human health and the environment; therefore, it is very important to identify and detect it easily with an efficient chemosensor. The computational method (DFT) was applied to investigate the ligand's active site for Cu²⁺ interaction and to examine the electronic properties of the ligand and the ligand-Cu²⁺ complex. Furthermore, geometry optimization, MEP, HOMO-LUMO, and quantum parameters are being analyzed. Molecular docking simulation is used to investigate the synthesized compound's activity against COVID-19 main protease (PDB ID: 6LU7).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 102381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Icephobic armored ceramic via hierarchical microarchitecture engineering: Achieving damage-tolerant surfaces with sustained dynamic anti-icing performance","authors":"Jianwen Sun ,&nbsp;Zhanguo Cao ,&nbsp;Yongjie Nie ,&nbsp;Jing Peng ,&nbsp;Yutang Ma ,&nbsp;Tong Rao ,&nbsp;Yifan Wang ,&nbsp;Guofang Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A mechanically robust superhydrophobic ceramic armor with a hybrid frame/protrusion microstructure was fabricated using nanosecond laser technology. This architecture exhibited exceptional durability, enduring 1000 cycles of linear abrasion (3 N load), 40 high-pressure water jet impact (1.0 MPa), and prolonged thermal exposure (100 °C for 18 days). The armored surface demonstrated superior anti-icing performance, accelerating droplet shedding (no adhesion for 2 h), delaying ice nucleation by approximately threefold, and maintaining ice adhesion strength below 35 kPa after 30 freeze-thaw cycles. The simplified fabrication process, requiring minimal surface precision, underscores its potential for scalable industrial deployment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 102393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis and antifungal activities of benzothiazole derivatives containing α-trifluoromethyl tertiary alcohol and coumarin moiety","authors":"Shengfei Jiang,&nbsp;Jianqi Xu,&nbsp;Zhuang Wu,&nbsp;Lulu Wu,&nbsp;Zhenliang Pan,&nbsp;Guoyu Yang,&nbsp;Lijun Shi,&nbsp;Liangxin Fan,&nbsp;Cuilian Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of benzothiazole derivatives containing α-trifluoromethyl tertiary alcohol and coumarin moiety were synthesized via the reaction of 2-methylbenzo[<em>d</em>]thiazole and 3-(trifluoroacetyl)coumarin with high yields under catalyst-free and green solvent. The structures of products were validated through ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, HRMS and X-Ray analysis. Meanwhile, the inhibition activity against five common plant pathogenic fungi: <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em>, <em>Fusarium moniliforme</em>, <em>Phytophthora parasitica</em>, <em>Fusarium graminearum</em> and <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em>, was evaluated in vitro at 200 μg/mL. The results obtained from the bioassay signified that all products possessed significant antifungal effect against <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em> compared to other four fungi.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 102387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the distribution characteristics of α-Solanine in different parts of Solanum nigrum based on infrared spectroscopy","authors":"Yan Liu,&nbsp;Jiankang Zhao,&nbsp;Minzhen Si","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employs Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to quantitatively analyze the distribution patterns and metabolic roles of α-solanine across different organs (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits) of <em>Solanum nigrum</em>. By extracting absorbance values from key characteristic peaks (2923 cm^‐1, 2853 cm⁻¹, 1639 cm⁻¹, 1152 cm⁻¹, and 1072 cm⁻¹) and applying a normalization ratio method for quantitative assessment, our results reveal that fruits serve as the primary accumulation site of α-solanine, followed by flowers and leaves, whereas the lowest concentrations are detected in roots and stems. Further analysis suggests that the high accumulation in fruits is likely associated with defensive functions and seed protection, while leaves and flowers function as the primary sites for α-solanine biosynthesis and signaling regulation, respectively. In contrast, roots and stems mainly facilitate transport and storage. This study highlights FTIR as a rapid, non-destructive technique for the quantitative analysis of plant secondary metabolites, demonstrating its potential in botanical research and biochemical profiling. Moreover, these findings provide valuable insights into the ecological roles of Solanaceae secondary metabolites and their potential applications in agriculture and pharmaceutical sciences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 102363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a 2-phenoxychromone derivative as a novel inhibitor of lipid droplet formation in hepatocytes and adipocytes","authors":"Yu-Tsen Hsieh ,&nbsp;Tung-Hsuan Kang ,&nbsp;Hsin-Yi Hung ,&nbsp;Yi-Han Chang ,&nbsp;Kuan-Chen Cheng ,&nbsp;Chia-Yih Wang ,&nbsp;Wen-Tai Chiu ,&nbsp;Pai-Sheng Chen ,&nbsp;Shih-Chieh Lin ,&nbsp;I-Chen Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dysregulated lipid droplet (LD) accumulation in hepatocytes increases the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Furthermore, excessive accumulation of LD in adipocytes leads to obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic complications, including MASLD. Therefore, there is a need to develop pharmacological inhibitors for reducing LD accumulation in hepatocytes and adipocytes. In this study, we used HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells to investigate the LD-inhibiting effects of a 2-phenoxychromone derivative, 7-methoxy-2-(3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenoxy)-chromen-4-one (compound N4). Compound N4 repressed LD accumulation induced by oleic acid (OA) and linoleic acid (LA) in HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 44.5 ± 7.1 μM and 52 ± 11.8 μM, respectively. Compound N4 showed no significant cell cytotoxicity with a CC50 value of 293.7 ± 12.9 μM in HepG2 cells. Mechanistically, compound N4 inhibited LD formation induced by OA through reducing acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) mRNA expression. Moreover, compound N4 inhibited LD accumulation induced by LA through reducing CD36 and DGAT2 mRNA expression. Compound N4 also decreased LD formation and adipogenesis with an IC50 value of 35.9 ± 6.5 μM in 3T3-L1 cells. Compound N4 displayed no significant cell cytotoxicity with a CC50 value of 42.6 ± 3.2 μM, and it inhibited LD accumulation through reducing ACC1, SREBP1, CD36, DGAT2, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α/β, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ mRNA expression in 3T3-L1 cells. Based on these findings, we identify compound N4 as a novel LD inhibitor in hepatocytes and adipocytes, which can be developed further for managing MASLD and obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":420,"journal":{"name":"Results in Chemistry","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 102389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}