Indian Journal of Tuberculosis最新文献

{"title":"In search of a better tuberculosis governance in village level: A regulatory analysis in Indonesia","authors":"Laila Kholid Alfirdaus ,&nbsp;Retna Hanani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Amid the high prevalence of Tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia, Presidential Regulation No. 67 of 2021 introduces new hope by emphasizing a multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder approach, highlighting the potential for greater involvement of village governments.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This article explores opportunities and challenges for strengthening the role of village governments in TB control through a review of relevant regulations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A desk study approach was employed, using a policy analysis framework.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><span>The regulation underscores the government's commitment to combating TB through a comprehensive approach that engages various sectors and stakeholders, including governments at all levels, the private sector, academia, and civil society. A key aspect of the regulation is its emphasis on involving village governments in TB governance. To date, village governments have had limited involvement, with TB management largely remaining under the purview of health offices. The Presidential Regulation attempts to position village governments, as the closest administrative unit to communities, as an integral part of the TB elimination mission. In the Indonesian context, this is a breakthrough. However, regulatory analysis found that there is still a need to produce derivative regulations to realize the empowered roles of village governments and enable them </span><strong>to incorporate</strong> TB-responsive strategies into their development planning.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>As such, the Presidential Regulation marks a significant step forward in enhancing the role of village governments in TB control; however, further regulatory support is necessary to realize its full potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 4","pages":"Pages 547-551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composite Radiological Score (CRS)-A novel imaging biomarker: Correlation with clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia","authors":"Sudhakar Pipavath ,&nbsp;Bornali Datta ,&nbsp;Yaddanapudi Kavitha ,&nbsp;Kulbir Ahlawat ,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar Prakash ,&nbsp;Jaya Prasad Tripathy ,&nbsp;Manish Kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Pinky Goyal ,&nbsp;Sandeep Mittal ,&nbsp;Nishant Gupta ,&nbsp;S. Parvathi ,&nbsp;Anand Jaiswal ,&nbsp;Padam Singh ,&nbsp;Ganesh Raghu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Computed Tomography (CT) was widely used for COVID-19 patients to assess extent of lung abnormalities and disease severity. Most CT scoring systems have relied on the extent of lung involvement.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We developed a novel CT scoring system- Composite Radiological Score (CRS) incorporating both extent and density of lung lesions to assess the trends in CRS at admission, 4–8 weeks and 10–12 weeks post-admission, estimate inter-reader agreement and correlate CRS with clinical severity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective, observational study of consecutive adult patients admitted with RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia (June to September 2020) in a tertiary hospital in North India. Clinical data, CT images and CRS were recorded sequentially at admission (CT1) and 4–8 weeks (CT2) in all patients, and at 10–12 weeks (CT3) in a subgroup of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CRS was significantly associated with clinical severity (p-value = 0.003), d-dimer (p-value = 0.004), serum ferritin (p-value = 0.03) and median length of stay (p-value = 0.02). At 4–8 weeks, proportion of patients with CRS&gt;3 (15 %) was significantly lower than those with the extent of lung involvement&gt;25 % (30 %). Kappa agreement with regards to density of lesions and CRS score was moderate to substantial except for one pair of radiologist where fair agreement was recorded. Higher kappa agreement was seen in CT2 and CT3 compared to CT1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CRS correlated well with clinical severity and other laboratory parameters of disease severity. CRS provides a new method to non-invasively assess the severity of diffuse lung abnormalities of COVID-19 pneumonia that incorporates both the extent and density of lung lesions.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>CRS will be useful to assess severity and longitudinally monitor clinical course of patients with airspace predominant lung abnormalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 4","pages":"Pages 483-488"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological determinants of paediatric tuberculosis in India","authors":"Abhijit Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Pallabi Dasgupta ,&nbsp;Alapan Bandyopadhyay ,&nbsp;Sharmistha Bhattacherjee","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Paediatric tuberculosis is a surrogate indicator of ongoing TB transmission. The present study explores the relationship between the burden of paediatric TB cases and their ecological determinants in different states of India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Based on a conceptual model framework, an ecological record-based analysis was conducted using accessible national data from 33 Indian states and union territories. Based on the exploratory factors, negative binomial regression was performed to predict the number of paediatric tuberculosis cases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was statistically significant geospatial clustering in paediatric TB incidence among states. Notification of paediatric cases was not affected by the size of the state. The rate of paediatric tuberculosis increased significantly by a factor of 1.004 and 1.107 for each unit increase in TB incidence per 100,000 population and the proportion of stunted children. The rate dropped significantly by a factor of 0.888 for each unit increase in chemoprophylaxis<span> proportion. The rate of paediatric tuberculosis increases by 1.004, 1.100, and 1.899 times for every unit increase in BPL %, BCG coverage, and mean household size, respectively.</span></div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adult TB case pool, malnutrition, overcrowding, and chemoprophylaxis are important predictors of variation in paediatric cases in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 4","pages":"Pages 527-531"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Drug Monitoring-how to tackle non-responsive drug sensitive tuberculosis","authors":"Ashish Kumar Prakash,&nbsp;Chinkita Agrawal,&nbsp;Nishant Gupta,&nbsp;Pinky Goyal,&nbsp;Anand Jaiswal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) helps in optimizing the dose which maximizes the therapeutic benefit and minimizes the toxicity. In pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (PTB/EPTB), it allows the physician to take actions timely for antitubercular treatment (ATT) regimen, required in patients who are responding slowly to the treatment. Early interventions may prevent drug resistance development in such patients.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To see the effect of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Non responding Drug sensitive TB.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study was conducted, wherein 8 Cases of TB, who underwent TDM, were studied. The dose of ATT was according to weight band and drug sensitivity testing was already done.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TDM was done in 8 cases of TB proved as PTB (12.5%, n = 1) and EPTB (87.5%, n = 7) by microbiological testing via AFB smear (12.5%, n = 1) and NAAT (87.5%, n = 7) and were not responding to conventional antitubercular regimen. Serum Rifampicin and Isoniazid levels were checked in 100% (n = 8) and 75% (n = 6) patients respectively. Serum Rifampicin level was reduced in 100% patients and Serum Isoniazid level was reduced in 66.6% (n = 4) and normal in 33.34% (n = 2) patients. Normal Serum concentration was achieved after dose adjustment in patients with low serum level of both drugs. Patients were monitored for adverse drug reactions (ADR) including hepatotoxicity. No patient showed ADR after increasing the dose.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We conclude that poor or no response to ATT makes the biased physician conclude the diagnosis as drug resistant TB. Therefore, it is important to look for another aspect for serum drug levels, hence TDM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 4","pages":"Pages 537-539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychiatric manifestations of long COVID","authors":"Shashank Saurabh Sinha ,&nbsp;Saarim Bari ,&nbsp;Pranjal Tripathi ,&nbsp;Surya Kant ,&nbsp;Shailendra Mohan Tripathi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span><span><span>In 2019 after the COVID-19 outbreak, a subset of patients was observed to be experiencing unusual symptoms and prolonged illness following SARS-CoV-2 infection and were labeled as \"Long-haulers\". Various terms like Long COVID, and Post-COVID-19 Conditions (PCC) were used to describe symptoms extending four weeks or more. Long COVID encompasses a range of persistent symptoms with a multisystemic nature, exhibiting a relapsing-remitting pattern. Various theories explaining Long COVID such as direct neuro-invasion, systemic effects of the virus, and neuroimmune dysregulation have been suggested. Clinical manifestations of Long COVID include diverse symptoms with fatigue, dyspnea, and </span>cognitive impairment being common symptoms reported. </span>Neurological manifestations<span> are more prevalent in severe COVID-19 cases. Non-specific neurological manifestations include loss of taste and smell while specific neurological manifestations include </span></span>hemiplegia and large artery </span>ischemic stroke<span>. COVID-19 medications may also cause neurological symptoms<span>. Psychiatric manifestations include depression, anxiety, panic disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), psychosis, and cognitive symptoms such as attention and executive function deficits. Psychological symptoms vary among different social groups like frontline health workers, young individuals, and the elderly. Social isolation exerts a substantial impact on the psychological presentations of Long COVID through mechanisms such as Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis (HPA) hyperactivation<span>, epigenetic modifications, increased steroid concentrations, immune system suppression, and reactivation of latent infections. Conclusively, neuroimmune dysregulation, social isolation and associated factors serve as the link between SARS-CoV-2 virus, long COVID and its neuropsychiatric manifestations.</span></span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 4","pages":"Pages 532-536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial susceptibility pattern of Mycobacterium isolates from Alborz bird's garden: Insights into evolution and transmission dynamics","authors":"Niloofar Mobarezpour ,&nbsp;Nader Mosavari ,&nbsp;Tarokh Arzani Birgani ,&nbsp;Alireza Jafari","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to isolate and identify <span><span>Mycobacterium</span></span> strains from the bird population at Alborz Bird Park, as well as from personnel working in the vicinity. <em>Mycobacterium</em><span> is a historically significant zoonotic pathogen that poses a serious threat to both humans and various bird species.</span></div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>A total of ninety samples of bird feces from different species were collected from CHAMRAN Bird's Park in Alborz province. These samples underwent decontamination, culture, antibacterial susceptibility testing, and PCR analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PCR analysis revealed that 33 out of 42 suspected <em>Mycobacterium</em> isolates from birds tested positive for the <em>Mycobacterium</em> genus. No <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> complex was detected. The presence of <em>Mycobacterium</em> avium complex was confirmed in 21 isolates, and 16 samples were identified as <span><span>Mycobacterium avium</span></span> subsp. avium. Additionally, 12 isolates were identified as non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The presence of <em>Mycobacterium avium</em><span> complex and non-tuberculous mycobacteria in the bird population highlights the increasing prevalence of NTM infections, particularly in regions with effective tuberculosis control programs. </span><em>Mycobacterium</em> infections represent a significant threat to individuals with AIDS, ranking as the second leading cause of infectious mortality in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 4","pages":"Pages 500-505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delay in TB preventive treatment (TPT) initiation among household contacts of pulmonary TB patients: Does it affect the TPT outcome?","authors":"Abhijit Dey ,&nbsp;Ranjani Ramachandran ,&nbsp;Dhrubajyoti Deka ,&nbsp;Anamitra Barik ,&nbsp;Bandita Sengupta ,&nbsp;Iman Bhakta ,&nbsp;Swarna Abhiman Ramteke ,&nbsp;Sandip Roy ,&nbsp;Asma Banu Varada ,&nbsp;Arista Lahiri","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>TB Preventive Treatment (TPT) is considered as an effective intervention to reduce TB incidence by reducing the pool of TB infection in the community. This study was aimed to assess TPT outcome and its associations in West Bengal.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div><span>ology: A retrospective cohort study conducted using the data from Ni-kshay, the web-based TB </span>information management portal of India. All TPT beneficiaries who have initiated with TPT in the year 2022 were included in the study. To find out the independent risk factor associated with unsuccessful outcome, risk ratio (RR) and adjusted risk ratio (aRR) has been calculated using regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median age and BMI of the participants were 32 years, &amp; 20.9 kg/m2 respectively. Median delay to TPT initiation from diagnosis of the index TB patients was 23 days. 90.5% (90.2–90.7) outcomes were successful while 9.5% (9.3–9.8) outcomes were unfavourable.</div><div>0–9yrs (aRR = 1.31), 10–19yrs (aRR = 1.16) &amp; 20–39yrs (aRR = 1.10) age-groups were more likely to be associated with unsuccessful TPT outcomes. Overweight (aRR = 1.10) &amp; Obese (aRR = 1.19) were associated with unsuccessful outcomes. Participants belong to urban areas (aRR = 1.37) &amp; attending Private Health Facility (aRR = 1.17) were more likely to be associated with an unsuccessful outcome. TPT initiation delay of 8–30 days (aRR = 2.03) and &gt;30 days (aRR = 2.90) was associated with unsuccessful TPT outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There are few gaps as well as few opportunities in the TPT programs in West Bengal. Gaps are both in policy level as well as implementation level. Identified gaps should be addressed for a better TB preventive strategy in West Bengal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 4","pages":"Pages 465-470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of 6 months isoniazid versus 3 months isoniazid - rifampicin therapy for prevention of tuberculosis in children suffering from tuberculosis infection - A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Shivangi Sinhal,&nbsp;Geetika Srivastava,&nbsp;Shrish Bhatnagar,&nbsp;Nanda Chhavi,&nbsp;Digvijay Chaudhary,&nbsp;M.M.A. Faridi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><span>Tubercular infection is highly prevalent in our country and conversion to tuberculosis disease is a major concern. Under the National Strategic Plan, India is heading towards ending tuberculosis by 2025. The benefits of tuberculosis preventive therapy are being extended to the children aged ≥5 years, adolescents and adults who are household contacts of people with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis who are found not to have </span>active tuberculosis<span>. Many types of tuberculosis preventive therapy are studied, the choice depends on availability and tolerability profile. Therefore, this study had an aim of comparing effectiveness of 6 months of Isoniazid (6H) with 3 months Isoniazid-Rifampicin (3HR) therapy in children suffering from tubercular infection.</span></div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A randomized trial (CTRI No- CTRI/2022/02/040539), was carried out comparing two different regimes of tuberculosis preventive therapy. Children with age 6–14 years who were household contacts of bacteriologically confirmed tuberculosis patients and having tubercular infection were enrolled. After ruling out tuberculosis, they were randomized into two groups and started on either six month of isoniazid therapy or three months of isoniazid-rifampicin combination. They were followed up for a period of two years for development of tuberculosis, treatment adherence, treatment completion and adverse effects.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>There was no incidence of active tuberculosis in either of two groups till the last follow up. Treatment adherence was comparable in both the groups (p = 1). Treatment completion rate was significantly higher in Group 3HR (96.9%) as compared to that in Group 6H (p = 0.046). Loss to follow-up rate was 3.1% in 3HR as compared to 9.4% in 6H group (p = 0.613). No significant symptomatic adverse events or derangement in liver enzymes was observed in either the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Three months of isoniazid-rifampicin therapy is an effective regime for tuberculosis preventive therapy in children age 6–14 years living in household contact of bacteriologically confirmed tuberculosis patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 4","pages":"Pages 489-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of drug-resistant TB: A growing threat to global health","authors":"Gopinath Ramalingam","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 4","pages":"Pages 560-561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-based assessment of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy among household contacts living with index pulmonary TB patient in rural Delhi","authors":"Sanjeev Kumar,&nbsp;Geeta Yadav,&nbsp;Shveta Lukhmana","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) poses a substantial risk for developing active TB, making TPT crucial for TB control. This study assesses the initiation and completion rates of TPT among household contacts of TB patients and reasons for non-initiation and non-completion.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in areas served by the DOTS<span> center under RHTC, Najafgarh. The study included 430 household contacts of pulmonary TB patients registered from January 2022 to December 2022. Participants were selected using a simple random sampling method.</span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 430 participants, 220 (51.2%) were aware of TPT and only 202 (46.9%) of all potential household contacts were screened for active TB. Among the aware HHCs (220), 188(85.4%) were initiated on TPT and among those who were initiated on TPT, 125(66.5%) completed their treatment. In comparison, 59(31.4%) were lost to follow-up, and 4(2.1%) discontinued due to side effects. The primary reason for non-initiation was not feeling the need for TPT 29(90.6%), and for non-completion of treatment, it was unavailability of medicine 32(50.8%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is a need for increasing awareness about TPT and a focus on systematic screening for TPT among HHCs of pulmonary TB patients. Proper implementation of government initiatives and monitoring are vital for improving TPT initiation and completion rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 4","pages":"Pages 494-499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}