Indian Journal of Tuberculosis最新文献

{"title":"Effect of adjunct Vitamin D treatment in vitamin D deficient pulmonary tuberculosis patients: A randomized, double blind, active controlled clinical trial","authors":"Harish Chandra ,&nbsp;Adil Rahman ,&nbsp;Prashant Yadav ,&nbsp;Geeta Maurya ,&nbsp;Sushil Kumar Shukla","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.04.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.04.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Since, Vitamin D [1α,25(OH)</span>₂<span>D)] enhances antimicrobial activity of Innate immunity and modulate Adaptive immune responses, simultaneously, so it play a potential role for balanced immune activity against </span><span><em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em></span><span><span> and restricting tissue injuries within the TB patients.(Chun et al., 2011) 9 We aimed to determine the role of adjunct Vitamin D treatment on the outcome of </span>pulmonary tuberculosis<span> patients and evaluated the effect of Vitamin D administration on Differential Leucocyte Count, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate<span><span>, serum Adenosine deaminase, serum C- reactive protein, </span>Oxygen saturation (SpO2) and Body Weight in Vitamin D deficient pulmonary tuberculosis patients.</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span>We conducted a prospective, interventional, randomized, double blind, parallel group, active controlled clinical trial. Newly diagnosed Vitamin D deficient pulmonary tuberculosis patients were randomly assigned to intervention group (received standard anti-tubercular treatment with adjunct Vitamin D3) and control group (received standard anti-tubercular treatment without adjunct Vitamin D3). Total four doses [each dose of 2.5 mg (100000 IU)] of </span>Vitamin D3 were given, orally. First dose was given within 7 days of starting anti-tubercular treatment and second, third, fourth dose were given at 2, 4 and 6 weeks respectively. At the time of enrollment, we measured all baseline characteristics. During follow-up, we measured the study variables and monitored adverse events at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks. Our safety parameter was serum corrected calcium level to assess the risk of </span>hypercalcemia.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Total 130 pulmonary TB patients, 65 patients in each group, were analyzed. Our study results showed that decrease in Neutrophil count was statistically significant with small effect sizes at every time point of measurement and increase in Lymphocyte count was statistically significant with small and moderate effect sizes at 4, 6 and 8 week for intervention group than for control group. Decrease in erythrocyte sedimentation rate was statistically significant with small effect sizes at 6 and 8 week, decrease in serum adenosine deaminase and serum C- reactive protein was statistically significant with moderate effect sizes at 4, 6 and 8 week for intervention group than for control group. Increase in Oxygen saturation was statistically significant at 4 week with small effect size and increase in body weight was statistically significant with small effect sizes for intervention group than for control group. No case of hypercalcemia was reported.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings suggest a potential role of adjunctive Vitamin D3 to accelerate resolution of inflammatory responses and improvement in clinical outcomes of pulmonary TB patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 2","pages":"Pages 170-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48028018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"India marching towards TB elimination: How far we are","authors":"Payel Roy,&nbsp;Ambarish Das,&nbsp;Ashutosh Panda,&nbsp;Shivya T,&nbsp;A. Priyadarshani,&nbsp;Binod Kumar Patro","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.06.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.06.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Tuberculosis continues to be the leading cause of death worldwide. India shares twenty five percent of total tuberculosis population. Programmatic approach to fight against tuberculosis started in this country in the form of National Tuberculosis Program (NTP). In due course of time India adopted many strategic changes in its fight against tuberculosis. The current program named National tuberculosis elimination program (NTEP) has been set up to eliminate TB by 2025. There are some challenges which India need to overcome to achieve its target five years ahead of the sustainable development goals. Insufficient budget, inadequate diagnostic facilities, under-reporting, low success rate, high dropout rate, social stigma<span> are some of the major challenges in the path to achieve a TB elimination status. Besides that, all the backlogs demand for swift performance in identification, notification, and treatment of TB cases. India has all the potential to eliminate tuberculosis. Strengthening of </span></span>health system, mainstreaming of private sectors, enhancing diagnostic facilities, inclusion of latest diagnostic techniques, addressing social hindrances, and advocacy for higher budget are some of the program strengthening measures, if followed properly, can take India towards a TB free status.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 2","pages":"Pages 213-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41259368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“The Validation of a Multidimensional Tool to test knowledge, barriers, and the challenges in screening for Tuberculosis among patients with Diabetes Mellitus”","authors":"Monisha Mary.P, A. Jacob, Avinash Shetty","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.04.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"73 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Harm reduction approach for tuberculosis and substance use disorders: A review of approaches and implications in the Indian context”","authors":"Udit Kumar Panda ,&nbsp;Soumya Swaroop Sahoo ,&nbsp;Swayanka Samantaray","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>There are limitations to traditional treatment approaches in addressing the needs of individuals with dual comorbidity of TB and SUD. The concept of harm reduction as a distinct approach to addressing substance use, focusing on minimising the negative consequences associated with it rather than advocating for complete abstinence. Different harm reduction strategies, such as </span>opioid substitution therapy, needle and syringe programmes, testing for viral infections etc. have been effectively employed for SUDs in past. Similarly, TB risk minimization approaches like improving housing and nutrition and focused testing strategies are considered as harm reduction strategies for TB management. The relationship between tuberculosis (TB) and substance use disorders (SUDs) involves a complex interplay of biopsychosocial factors. It is crucial to prioritise integrated and closely monitored care in order to address the treatment challenges and potential drug interactions that may arise. In light of the acknowledged challenges like limited awareness, infrastructure, drug resistance, and stigma, it is imperative to explore potential avenues for the implementation of harm reduction strategies targeting individuals with comorbid TB and SUD in India. Potential strategies for addressing the issue includes a range of measures, such as augmenting investments in healthcare, integrating policies, tackling </span>social determinants<span>, and establishing shared platforms for psychosocial rehabilitation.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 2","pages":"Pages 219-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability, utilization and challenges for implementation of Nikshay Mitra scheme in Mandya district of Karnataka: A cross-sectional mixed method concurrent evaluation study","authors":"Hugara Siddalingappa, Neha Dsouza, H. B R, Navyashree V, Nenavath Jayaprakash Manya, N. Babu. M, Nisarga Priyadarshini G C, Nisarga S, Majinas T, Malavika M. Thampi, Manjunath B. Murabatti, Meghana D S, Mohammed Alauddin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.03.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"80 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140765838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of tuberculosis in homes for the aged and orphanages of a district in Kerala, India","authors":"Zinia T. Nujum ,&nbsp;Sindhu S ,&nbsp;P.S. Rakesh ,&nbsp;Remya G ,&nbsp;Anuja U","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.04.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>India accounts for one fourth of the TB burden globally. One of the objectives of the National Strategic Plan is to achieve 90% notification rate of all TB cases. Screening of high risk groups is one of the important components towards achieving this objective. Inmates of homes for the aged and orphanages are at higher risk of having TB infection and disease. Hence this study was conducted with the objective of identifying the prevalence of TB among inmates of homes for the aged and orphanages.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>A cross sectional study was done in homes for the aged and orphanages of Kollam district of Kerala in India. Sample size was estimated as 466. Cluster sampling using probability proportionate to size was used. There were 32 homes for the aged</span><strong>,</strong><span> from which 5 were selected. Out of 43 orphanages 8 were selected. Inmates were screened using a questionnaire. Those with any of the symptoms<span> suggestive of TB were examined by a pulmonologist in a camp conducted at the institute. Those who needed further evaluation were brought to Government Medical College, Kollam/other nearest government health setting. All those who were detected to be having tuberculosis, were guided and given the care as per the NTEP treatment protocol. Permission was taken from the Collector of Kollam district. Informed written consent from the study subjects/legally accepted representative and assent were taken.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>533 inmates were assessed from homes for the aged. The mean age was 56.70 (SD - 17.40). Five new TB patients were identified during the study. Of this three patients had extra-pulmonary and two were pulmonary TB. Eight patients were receiving treatment for TB at the time of study already, seven of which were pulmonary and one was extra-pulmonary. So the prevalence of TB in homes for the aged was 13/533 ie 2.43% (95%CI – 1.36 to 4.03%) or 2430/lakh. A higher percentage of inmates with tuberculosis were females, stayed in dormitory, had only primary education, had history of contact with TB and were undernourished compared to inmates without tuberculosis.</p><p>We screened 478 children in orphanages of Kollam district. There were no children less than 5 years. Most of the children were in the age group of 10–15 years (62.1%). Nine children (1.9%) had history of contact with TB. One child had a previous history of TB. There was only one child who was suspected to have Tuberculosis, She was evaluated by a pediatrician and Tuberculosis was ruled out.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The prevalence of TB in inmates of homes for the aged is much higher than the general population. This highlights the need for a more active case detection in such institutions, especially in the context of the country marching towards TB elimination. The absence of tuberculosis among children in orphanages is a positive indicator that the community is moving in ","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 2","pages":"Pages 130-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45897059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of tests for tuberculous pericarditis: A network meta-analysis","authors":"Alina Pervez ,&nbsp;S. Umar Hasan ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hamza ,&nbsp;Sohaib Asghar ,&nbsp;Muhammad Husnain Qaiser ,&nbsp;Sana Zaidi ,&nbsp;Isra Mustansar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) is a relatively uncommon but potentially fatal extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis. Despite its severity, there is no universally accepted gold standard diagnostic test for TBP currently. The objective of this study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the most commonly used tests in terms of specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV), and provide a summary of their diagnostic accuracies. A comprehensive literature review was performed using Scopus, MEDLINE, and Cochrane central register of controlled trials, encompassing studies published from start to April 2022. Studies that compared </span>Interferon Gamma Release Assay<span><span> (IGRA), Xpert MTB/RIF, Adenosine Deaminase levels (ADA), and Smear Microscopy (SM) were included in the analysis. Bayesian random-effects model was used for statistical analysis and mean and standard deviation (SD) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the absolute risk (AR) and odds ratio (OR). Rank probability and heterogeneity were determined using risk difference and Cochran Q test, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated using true negative, true positive, false positive, and </span>false negative rates. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) was calculated for mean and standard error. A total of seven studies comprising 16 arms and 618 patients were included in the analysis. IGRA exhibited the highest mean (SD) sensitivity of 0.934 (0.049), with a high rank probability of 87.5% for being the best diagnostic test, and the AUROC was found to be 94.8 (0.36). On the other hand, SM demonstrated the highest mean (SD) specificity of 0.999 (0.011), with a rank probability of 99.5%, but a leave-one-out analysis excluding SM studies revealed that Xpert MTB/RIF ranked highest for specificity, with a mean (SD) of 0.962 (0.064). The diagnostic tests compared in our study exhibited similar high NPV, while ADA was found to have the lowest PPV among the evaluated methods. Further research, including comparative studies, should be conducted using a standardized cutoff value for both ADA levels and IGRA to mitigate the risk of threshold effect and minimize bias and heterogeneity in data analysis.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 2","pages":"Pages 185-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46943650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare schemes to overcome financial toxicity of COVID-19: A retrospective single center study","authors":"Anjana Madhusoodanan, R. K. Chaudhary, Shivakumar Hiremath, U. Mateti, Shraddha Shetty","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.04.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140772688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Diagnostic Accuracy: Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra vs. Xpert MTB/RIF for diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis","authors":"S. Sethi, Shelly Sharma, S. Dhatwalia, Sumedha Sharma, Ashutosh N. Aggarwal, Rakesh Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.04.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"151 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140777956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review on cost-effectiveness of diagnostic methods and treatments for tuberculosis in India","authors":"Mohan Balakrishnan, R. Varadharajan, G. Gajendran","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"186 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}