Indian Journal of Tuberculosis最新文献

{"title":"Incidence and pattern of tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in patients on anti-retroviral therapy: An observational study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is an atypical, immoderate immune response mounted by the refurbishing immune system against the mycobacterium tuberculosis<span>, commonly seen in HIV-infected individuals. ART significantly enhances one's immunity. However, this enhancement in immunity also sets off a number of inflammatory processes termed as Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS).</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This observational study was conducted with the aim of assessing the incidence and pattern of TB-IRIS in people living with HIV/AIDS on ART registered at the ART Centre of S.C.B. Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack. They were evaluated for their plasma viral load and CD₄ count at baseline. Thereafter, the plasma viral load was assessed every week and the CD₄ count was assessed fortnightly. Each study participant was followed-up for a period of three months to look for any onset of TB-IRIS.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 286 patients were included the study. The overall incidence of TB-IRIS was 7.7%. The occurrence of paradoxical TB-IRIS was nearly double than ART-associated TB-IRIS. There was a significant rise in the CD₄ cell count in the patients of both paradoxical (p = 0.001) and ART-associated (p = 0.017) TB-IRIS. The plasma viral load at baseline also showed significant differences from the levels documented at the appearance of the TB-IRIS both in both the types i.e. paradoxical (p = 0.001) and ART-associated (p = 0.012) TB-IRIS.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>People with HIV/TB coinfection experience high morbidity and death from all kinds of TB-IRIS, necessitating specific attention. As HIV-positive cases and implementation of ART continue to rise, it's vital to quickly rule out TB coinfection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 3","pages":"Pages 291-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46369821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience and number of patients as associated factors toward clinical confidence among nursing students in caring for tuberculosis patients in Indonesia","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Nurses and nursing students are at greater risk of tuberculosis (TB) exposure due to their higher intensity contact with patients. In Indonesia, a country with high TB incidence, it is crucial to assess undergraduate nursing students' clinical confidence during their clinical practicums.</p></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study aimed to explore factors associated with nursing students' clinical confidence in caring for TB patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study utilized an internet survey based on the United States National TB Curriculum Consortium (NTCC) in September and November 2020. The survey questions focused on TB knowledge, beliefs about the value of TB instruction, and clinical confidence in caring for TB patients. Descriptive statistics, <em>t</em><span>-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression were used for data analysis. The Indonesian version of the original NTCC survey was used.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study found that nursing students' knowledge about TB increased with their year of study (r = 0.290, p &lt; .001). However, students perceived TB instruction as less valuable as they neared graduation (r = −0.233, p &lt; .001) and with more frequent practice in the TB unit (r = −0.162, p &lt; .001). Students who spent more time learning about TB outside of class perceived the TB instruction in the nursing curriculum more positively (r = 0.181, p &lt; .004). The study also found a significant difference between nursing students' belief in the value of TB education and their clinical confidence in caring for TB patients (F = 5.711, p &lt; .001). Furthermore, experience caring for TB patients and the number of TB patients cared for predicted clinical confidence.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions/Implications</h3><p>This study highlights the need for improved curriculum content and teaching methods regarding TB for nursing students. It also suggests that experience caring for TB patients and the number of TB patients cared for can improve clinical confidence in nursing students. Given the high incidence of TB in Indonesia, this study's findings could have important implications for the country's healthcare system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 3","pages":"Pages 322-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45543093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality as a driver of progress: Tuberculosis care in Azerbaijan","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.06.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.06.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in Azerbaijan, with a high burden of multi-drug-resistant cases. In recent years, the country has made significant progress in </span>TB care, reducing the incidence rate, and improving treatment outcomes. This paper explores the role of quality as a key driver of progress in TB care in Azerbaijan.</p><p>Through a review of the literature, we identify the key factors that have contributed to the improvement in TB care quality in Azerbaijan, including the development of national guidelines, increased funding, and resource allocation<span>, strengthened health systems and infrastructure, and the adoption of innovative technologies and practices. We also discuss the challenges and limitations of quality improvement efforts in TB care, such as the need for sustained political commitment, effective monitoring and evaluation systems, and the involvement of communities and civil society organizations.</span></p><p>Overall, our findings suggest that quality improvement is a critical component of TB control efforts in Azerbaijan and other countries with high TB burden and should be prioritized in national and global health policies and strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 3","pages":"Pages 344-352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42794496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociocultural aspects of delays in diagnosis among tuberculosis-diabetes comorbid patients in Satara, India: Its implications for the implementation of the national framework for joint tuberculosis-diabetes collaborative activities","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Tuberculosis(TB) and Diabetes comorbidity is an emerging public health<span> problem in India. Delays in diagnosing TB or Diabetes would lead to adverse outcomes among comorbid patients, and attempts must be made to reduce these delays. Against this background, the study has been undertaken to clarify the role of sociocultural factors in determining diagnostic delays for TB and Diabetes among comorbid patients.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional cultural epidemiological survey of the randomly selected 180 TB-Diabetes comorbid patients was carried out. The study examined sociocultural factors of delayed diagnosis of TB and Diabetes among urban and rural TB-Diabetes comorbid patients registered under TB-Diabetes collaborative activities under the National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP) in the Satara district of Maharashtra by using a semi-structured interview schedule. The patterns of distress (PDs) and perceived causes(PCs) of TB and Diabetes were compared with patients' and providers' diagnostic delays of TB and Diabetes based on prominence categories. In addition, the relationship between PDs and PCs as explanatory variables and TB and Diabetes diagnostic delays as outcome variables were assessed using stepwise multiple logistic regression.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 180 TB-Diabetes comorbid patients, the proportion of men was higher, and they were 4.7 times more likely to get a delayed Diabetes diagnosis. Those who reported side effects of drugs and stigma reduced social status as the PDs were 2–3 times more likely to delay reaching TB facilities/providers (patients' diagnostic delay). Those who perceived inadequate diet and mental-emotional stress as the causes of TB were about three times more likely to reach the TB providers/facilities after two weeks. Also, those who perceived TB as a cause of punishment for prior deeds were two times more likely to reach TB facilities/providers after two weeks. Patients who reported fever and chest pain<span> as the symptoms of TB were two times more likely to delay the diagnosis of TB. Patients who reported tobacco consumption, unhealthy lifestyles, thoughts, worries, tension, and germs or infection as perceived causes of TB were about two times more likely to be diagnosed after two weeks. Patients who reported excessive thirst as a diabetes symptom were about two times more likely to get delayed &gt;2 weeks to reach diabetes facilities/providers. Patients who perceived environmental/occupational exposure as the cause of Diabetes were two times more likely to reach the diabetes facilities/providers after two weeks. Patients who reported excessive thirst and stroke as the physical problems of Diabetes were 3.2 and 9.6 times more likely to get delayed in the diagnosis of Diabetes (providers' diagnostic delay). Patients who perceived violation of taboo or misbehaviour as the perceived cause of Diabetes were 6.7 times more likely to get a delayed","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 3","pages":"Pages 250-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42183351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and Gene Xpert","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Mediastinal tubercular lymphadenitis<span><span> is form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis [EPTB]. Clinical presentations are non-specific and diagnosis remains great clinical challenge. Microbiological and or histopathological evidences need to be present in order make diagnosis secure before initiation of anti-tubercular therapy (ATT). </span>Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) provides tissue samples and aids management of this difficult to diagnosed entity. Current study describe role of EUS-FNA and Gene Xpert (GXP) in mediastinal tubercular lymphadenitis.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Retrospective analysis of 72 patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy<span> who underwent EUS-FNA were carried out. Linear echoendoscope was used for evaluation mediastinum. EUS echo features of LNs were studied. Twenty two-G needle used was for aspiration tissue sample from pathologic lymph nodes (LNs). FNA samples were analysed by cytology, Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) staining and GXP study. All procedures were uneventful without any complications.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Forty two patients were diagnosed as tuberculosis (TB) following first EUS-FNA setting. Six patients underwent repeat EUS-FNA procedure following which another 3 were diagnosed as TB while remaining 3 started on empirical ATT based on additional supportive evidences. Forty five patients showed granulomatous inflammation on cytological analysis, AFB positivity noted in 16 (33.33%) patients while GXP in 26 (57.78%) patients. </span>Rifampicin resistance detected in 3 ((6.25%) patients. All patients were followed clinico-radiologically for response to treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Tuberculous lymphadenitis is the most common cause of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in TB endemic countries. EUS-FNA provides microbiological and histopathological/cytological evidences in this difficult to diagnosed EPTB and thereby avoids empirical ATT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 3","pages":"Pages 262-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49332742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a quality improvement tool, Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle, to boost TB notification in India post-Covid-19 pandemic","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quality improvement tools such as the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle hold tremendous potential to improve the quality of healthcare in India. The electronic-PDSA tool was previously developed by CETI (Collaboration to Eliminate TB among Indians) and successfully piloted in small groups. In this study the e-PDSA was scaled up across the nation over a brief 10 week period to boost TB notification by training District Tuberculosis Officers (DTOs) virtually post-Covid-19 pandemic. Quality improvement counselors, who were interns from Masters in Public Health Institutions, were liaisons to “hand-hold” and assist the DTOs through the PDSA cycle. The course was voluntary and offered to all DTOs through Central TB Division and State TB Officers from May 2022 to July 2022. Of the 779 Districts in India and nearly equal number of DTOs, 546 (70%) DTOs enrolled in the course and of these 437 (80%) conducted a PDSA while 342 (43%) districts/DTOs did not enroll or did not complete a PDSA. With a baseline notification in February-March-April 2022 and intervention in May-June-July 2022; 55% of the districts in the PDSA group showed improvement in TB Notification compared to 45% in the non-PDSA group. When data was analyzed by population (not district) there was a trend in increase in notification post-pandemic in both PDSA and non-PDSA groups, and the PDSA group had a slightly higher 5.6 per 100,000 population improvement compared to 5.0 per 100,000 in the non-PDSA group. The cost of intervention was $40,000 or $92 per DTO for three months. The course was highly acceptable with DTOs rating 4.3 out of 5 in recommending the course to other DTOs. Our data shows that a large scale-up of the PDSA cycle is feasible, economical and effective with little additional resources. The focus was on increasing the efficiency of the existing processes well within the authority of the DTO. Repeat cycle of PDSA with notification and other measures such as presumptive sputum examination could significantly impact the program and help to achieve TB Free India.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 3","pages":"Pages 360-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135433239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coverage, delays and implementation challenges of ‘Direct Benefit Transfer’ in the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme – A mixed methods study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Food insecurity and undernutrition both contribute to the large tuberculosis burden in India. Indian government rolled out the direct benefit transfer (DBT) programme “Nikshay Poshan Yojana” on a national scale on April 1, 2018 largely to provide nutritional support. Hence, it was proposed to take up this study in Western Maharashtra (Pune district) to study the coverage, delays and implementation challenges of ‘Direct Benefit Transfer’ in the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme as there have only been a limited number of studies conducted regarding the same.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>This mixed methods<span> study was conducted at Tuberculosis Units (TUs) under District Tuberculosis Officer (DTO) in Western Maharashtra (Pune district) for the duration August 2020 to September 2022. A total of 3373 participants were included for the quantitative component. For qualitative component In-depth interviews of key informants (healthcare providers involved in the implementation of Direct Benefit Transfer) and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) for patients and care givers was done and explored using thematic analysis.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The total coverage was found to be 76.81%. The health providers reported staff related challenges (overburden and non-cooperative staff), bank related issues (local and cooperate banks not involved in the Public Financial Management System (PFMS) loop and lack of bank account), patient related issues (fear of being scammed), the DBT process (lengthy and complex) and software related issues as major hurdles involved in the scheme's implementation. The challenges to the implementation of DBT reported by the beneficiaries (TB patients) were lack of awareness and disbelief about the scheme, bank related issues (lack of bank account and necessary documents to open account), financial challenges (job insecurity, loans), physical challenges (weakness) and delays in delivering the benefit due to software errors.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In the present study the DBT coverage was very encouraging. The common challenges identified by the staff members and patients in the implementation of the scheme were lack of awareness about the scheme, bank related issues and software issues. To increase the coverage of DBT, it is vital that these issues be resolved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 3","pages":"Pages 284-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43921606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation and pilot test of tuberculosis patient score card (TB-PSC) in selected public health care facilities of Himachal Pradesh, India","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Community engagement is advocated to improve quality of services using community score card. Current study was done with the objective to formulate the TB-PSC and to carry out its feasibility assessment at three selected public healthcare facilities of Himachal Pradesh, India.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A mixed-method study design was adopted for the study and was carried out from April 2022 to March 2023. A total of 36 IDIs and four FGDs were carried out to conceptualize, and formulate the structure, components, and scoring mechanisms of TB-CSC. To assess the effect of TB-PSC at three primary health centres (PHCs), pre- and post-study design was used for change in level of satisfaction adapting patient satisfaction questionnaire (PSQ-18).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Based on gathered information from IDIs and FGDs, TB-PSC was developed. It comprised of a total of 22 questions related to four domains of availability (9), accessibility (4), and quality (5) of services along with perceived stigma and discrimination (4). TB-PSC was implemented for five months in each PHC in interface-meetings. Mean PSQ score was observed to be significantly high (2.5 vs 2.6) after intervention.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>TB-PSC implementation is feasible in interface meetings and makes them more participatory and effective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 3","pages":"Pages 310-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47351143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance to the Tobacco-Free Educational Institution(ToFEI) guidelines at Madhyamik Vidhyalayas of Pimpri-Chinchwad, Pune, Maharashtra-A cross sectional study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Revised guidelines for Tobacco-Free Educational Institutes (ToEFI) were laid down in 2019 and they provide for tobacco free environment leading to a healthy life, implementation of legal provisions, and recognition about various approaches available for tobacco cessation.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess Madhyamik Vidyalays (MVs) for their compliance to the guidelines for ToFEI at the baseline using self-evaluation score card as part of operational research.</p></div><div><h3>Material and method</h3><p>A cross sectional study was carried out during March 2021 among 19 MVs of Pimpri-Chinchwad block in Pune District, Maharashtra using census sampling. Trained data collectors scored for all 9 ToFEI criteria including the mandatory one's and their weightage points were calculated.</p></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><p>Eight {42%(0.21–0.64)} MVs had displays on tobacco-free area and awareness on the harms of tobacco displayed inside the premises and another three (16%(0.04–0.37)} had only the display of ToFEI signage at their boundary wall. No MV met with 4 or more criteria out of the total 9 criteria. The highest weightage of 29–30 out of 100 was achieved by only 2 {11%(0.01–0.30)} MVs and 5 {26%(0.10–0.49)} MVs achieved 0 points. No significance was given to tobacco free school probably because of untrained teachers and unawareness of the guidelines.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study demonstrates that minimal importance has been given to the revised ToEFI guidelines in making MVs tobacco-free. Hence, none of the them could attain the tobacco-free status.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 3","pages":"Pages 297-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42620631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"End TB strategy: Role of tobacco control","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tobacco use and Tuberculosis (TB) presents a huge public health challenge globally. Tobacco and TB have consistent and strong epidemiological evidence with smokers having higher odds of TB infection, disease, mortality, delayed diagnosis etc. Overall, limited evidence exists about the extent of TB-tobacco integration. The aim of the current short communication is to highlight comprehensive strategy for addressing TB-tobacco comorbidities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 3","pages":"Pages 358-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49632274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}