Indian Journal of Tuberculosis最新文献

{"title":"Depression and Stigma among tuberculosis patients in a tertiary care hospital in India","authors":"Roshna Lytton ,&nbsp;Nanda Kumar Paniyadi ,&nbsp;Prasanta Raghab Mohapatra ,&nbsp;Priyanka Singh ,&nbsp;Anuradha Kumari ,&nbsp;Dishani Harh ,&nbsp;Rakesh Vadakkethil Radhakrishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Individuals diagnosed with tuberculosis often experience concerns regarding potential social isolation affecting their family life, education, marriage, occupation, treatment, and social life. The goal of the present study was to determine the prevalence of stigma and depression in tuberculosis patients as well as their association with clinical and demographic factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was done on tuberculosis patients reporting to Pulmonology OPD of tertiary care, settling with an estimated sample size of 303. Convenience sampling was used to collect the data after obtaining permission from the Institutional Ethical Committee. Written Informed consent was obtained from the participants prior to data collection. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) was employed to assess depression, while stigma was evaluated using the Tuberculosis Stigma Scale (TSS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age was 44.33 ± 15.6 years, with a majority being males (54.8 %) and 58.7 % were married. The majority of patients (70 %) exhibited depression, followed by 30 % who did not show depression. Regarding stigma, 80 % of the patients experienced stigma, while 20 % did not have stigma. The correlation was estimated as a negative significant relationship between depression and stigma (r = −0.186; P-value = 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study shows a high prevalence of depression and stigma among patients with tuberculosis. It also highlights the disability associated with tuberculosis and the burden it places on patients and caregivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 2","pages":"Pages 157-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of glycated hemoglobin trajectories on outcomes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in India","authors":"Dylan Landis,&nbsp;Alex Sutter,&nbsp;Kenneth Nugent","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 2","pages":"Pages 273-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140398367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TAI-NDTBC stigma assessment scale to assess stigma among TB patients","authors":"Sanjay Rajpal ,&nbsp;V.K. Arora ,&nbsp;Shanker Matta ,&nbsp;K.K. Chopra ,&nbsp;Shivani Pawar ,&nbsp;Nishi Aggarwal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The article highlights importance of using a scale for assessing stigma among TB cases on treatment. Van Rie TB scale has been used by many investigators in many countries. There is need to develop our own scale as per practices in India. A scale has been devised by TB Association of India (TAI) and New Delhi TB Centre (NDTBC) for assessing stigma among TB cases, based on the vast experience gained by authors in the field of Tuberculosis control.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>The study was conducted in outpatient department of NDTB Centre and LNJP hospital whereby 350 cases were interviewed using a TB stigma scale. A scoring system was developed under three categories. High level of stigma risk was labeled as a score of more than 8, score from 4 to 8 was labeled as Medium risk of stigma and score of less than 4 was labeled as low or no risk of stigma.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>5 % cases had High risk of stigma. 66 % cases had moderate risk of stigma and 29 % cases had no or low risk of stigma. Stigma among working group individuals was 81 % lower when compared with non-working group. Married people suffering from TB had 2.3 times higher chance of experiencing stigma when compared with the unmarried. Males had less chance of experiencing stigma as compared to females. Among pulmonary TB patients, stigma was lower as compared to extra pulmonary TB.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The scale can be used routinely and may also be utilized to design targeted stigma reduction interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 2","pages":"Pages 146-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological perspectives and correlation of various psychological scales in tuberculosis- an observational study","authors":"Manju Bala ,&nbsp;Akhlesh Rajpoot ,&nbsp;Avishek Layek ,&nbsp;Rahul Kumar Gupta ,&nbsp;Suyash Singh Rathore","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.03.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2025.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, affecting millions of individuals annually. While its physical manifestations and treatment protocols have been extensively studied, the psychological dimensions of TB have garnered increasing attention in recent years. This cross-sectional observational study explored the psychological aspects of TB among TB patients undergoing treatment in a tertiary care hospital.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional clinic-based descriptive study conducted on 100 patients of pulmonary TB (PTB) and 60 patients of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). Psychological distress was assessed using General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), and the correlations of other psychological scales, like WHO Quality of Life Brief-26 (WHOQOL-Bref-26), Patient Distress Thermometer (PDT), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) and Coping Strategy Checklist (CSCL). Patients with a GHQ-12 score of ≥3 were considered to be experiencing psychological distress and subsequently referred to a consultant psychiatrist for a more detailed evaluation and management.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings revealed a high prevalence of psychological distress (GHQ-12 ≥ 3) among TB patients, 58 % of PTB patients and 60 % of EPTB patients experienced psychological distress after screening with GHQ-12; 40 % of all the PTB and EPTB patients were diagnosed with a psychiatric illness, after evaluation by the psychiatrist. Patients of PTB and EPTB almost had similar scores on GHQ-12, WHOQOL-Bref-26, PDT, CSCL, and DASS. These scores did not differ significantly between PTB and EPTB patients. The scores on all these scales (WHOQOL-Bref-26, PDT, CSCL, and DASS) in the patients of PTB and EPTB who were experiencing psychological distress (GHQ ≥3) were significantly poorer than those without psychological distress (GHQ &lt;3).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study sheds light on the psychological dimensions of TB. Psychological distress and psychiatric illness leading to poorer quality of life were present in a significant number of TB patients. Therefore, mental health evaluation should be incorporated into the routine management of these patients, and a brief screening tool like GHQ-12 can be of immense help.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 2","pages":"Pages 150-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity in patients with latent tuberculosis – experience from a tuberculosis center","authors":"Bruno S. Silva ,&nbsp;Beatriz Ferraz ,&nbsp;Nuno Faria ,&nbsp;Maria Inês Costa ,&nbsp;Ricardo Reis","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><span>Although the prevalence of isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity (IIH) has been documented in patients with tuberculosis, its prevalence in latent </span>tuberculosis infection<span> (LTBI) patients is less studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of IIH in a group of LTBI patients who received isoniazid monotherapy.</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><span>Retrospective cohort study<span> including patients who underwent isoniazid monotherapy for LTBI in an outpatient clinic between January 1st</span></span>^, 2020, and June 30th^, 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><span><span>A total of 274 cases were analyzed. About half (50.4 %) were male; median age was 53 years-old (minimum: six; maximum 89). The most common comorbidities were dyslipidemia (25.5 %), </span>body mass index between 25 and 30 kg/m</span>²<span><span> (20.4 %), obesity (14.7 %) and chronic hepatic disease (CHD; 12.8 %). 47.4 % had systemic inflammatory diseases<span><span>. Significant elevation of liver enzymes was documented in 27 % of patients. IIH was documented in 20.4 % of patients; there was a statistically significant relation with </span>dyslipidemia (p &lt; 0.001), CHD (p = 0.023), </span></span>psoriasis<span> (p = 0.025), spondyloarthropathies (p = 0.017) and male sex (p = 0.042). Dyslipidemia showed a strong correlation to IIH (adjusted odds ratio: 8.045).</span></span></div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients with dyslipidemia had an adjusted odds ratio of 8.045 to develop IIH. Future multicentric studies should be started to better explore this relation, as well as treatment options.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 2","pages":"Pages 194-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139023371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of anti-tubercular treatment in vitro fertilization (IVF)","authors":"Kaberi Banerjee ,&nbsp;Bhavana Singla ,&nbsp;Priyanka Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the role of anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) in vitro fertilization (IVF).</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study was performed in 45 women suffering from infertility with a diagnosis of thin endometrium<span><span><span>, history of repeated IVF failure, recurrent miscarriages<span> or hysteroscopic or laparoscopic adhesiolysis in 4 years duration. Based on composite reference standard (CRS), in all females, Akt 4 Kit (combination of four medicines – Isoniazid 300 mg, </span></span>rifampicin<span> 450 mg, ethambutol 800 mg and </span></span>pyrazinamide<span><span> 750 mg) was started for 2 months with supportive medicines followed by AKT 2 (combination of two medicines – Isoniazid 300 mg and rifampicin 450 mg) for 4 months. </span>Fertility treatment<span> was started after 2 months of Akt 4 medication. In all cases, frozen embryo transfer<span> was planned with tab estradiol valerate 6–8 mg in divided doses followed by endometrial thickness scanning. In all cases, embryo transfer was planned when endometrial thickness &gt;8 mm in transvaginal scanning. The efficacy of ATT in above cases was evaluated by assessing the endometrium thickness before embryo transfer, pregnancy rates and clinical pregnancy rates.</span></span></span></span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no significant difference regarding demographic variables, egg reserve, sperm parameters, number of embryos transferred and embryo quality in all cases. Out of 45 cases, the pregnancy was positive in 31 cases (Pregnancy rate – 68.8 %). The clinical pregnancy rate was 64.4 % (29/45).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is a significant role of anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) in infertility in case of thin endometrium not responsive to medications, repeated IVF failure, recurrent miscarriages or hysteroscopic or laparoscopic adhesiolysis. It improved the endometrial thickness, pregnancy rate and the clinical pregnancy rate in IVF. But further studies are needed with large sample size to collaborate our findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 2","pages":"Pages 217-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139634681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability, utilization and challenges for implementation of Nikshay Mitra scheme in Mandya district of Karnataka: A cross-sectional mixed method concurrent evaluation study","authors":"Hugara Siddalingappa ,&nbsp;Neha Dsouza ,&nbsp;Harish B R ,&nbsp;Navyashree V ,&nbsp;Nenavath Jayaprakash Manya ,&nbsp;Niranjan Babu M ,&nbsp;Nisarga Priyadarshini G C ,&nbsp;Nisarga S ,&nbsp;Majinas T ,&nbsp;Malavika M. Thampi ,&nbsp;Manjunath B. Murabatti ,&nbsp;Meghana D S ,&nbsp;Mohammed Alauddin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>NTEP has launched Nikshay Mitra to link patients in need (providing consent for donation) with a willing donor to provide food items including locally available, culturally accepted, nutritious food kits worth Rs 800 every month, till the completion of treatment. It has been around six months since the launch of this scheme and complaints related to the regularity of the supply of nutritional kits are surfacing. Our study aims to describe availability and utilization pattern of the <em>Nikshay Mitra</em> scheme and explore provider challenges for its implementation in Mandya District.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A mixed-method study was conducted on 255 TB patients from Mandya district. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit details related to socio-demography, Nikshay Mitra utilization pattern and beneficiary experience. Qualitative data collection was done using FGD and matrix ranking methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority (25.49%) were in the age group of 56–65 years. Only 140(54.90%) participants were informed about the scheme. Among the informed, 117(83.57%) patients gave consent to enrol into the scheme. Out of those who consented, 97(82.90%) were receiving the Monthly food kit. Major challenges expressed on FGD were stigma related to disease, concerns regarding confidentiality, difficulty in retaining the donors and interrupted supply. Participants also felt that the quantity of the kit was not sufficient.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nikshay Mitra scheme is a new endeavour. There are still issues that must be resolved to optimize availability and utilization pattern. Though the initial identification of donors was smooth, continued support is not possible by current guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 2","pages":"Pages 169-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140765838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical profile of Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients in Sultanate of Oman from 2010 to 2014: A tertiary care hospital perspective","authors":"Redha Al Lawati ,&nbsp;Abeer Saad ,&nbsp;Mary Salama ,&nbsp;Abdul Hakeem Al Rawahi ,&nbsp;Nasser Al Busaidi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite the efforts taken to improve the screening and treatment programs, Tuberculosis (TB) affects many people around the world. This descriptive retrospective study was conducted to explore the clinical profile of patients diagnosed with Pulmonary TB at a tertiary care hospital, Sultanate of Oman, during the period between 2010 and 2014.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Sultanate of Oman during the period between 2010 and 2014. Clinical profile of pulmonary TB cases was investigated. The collected data included patient nationality, gender, age group, method of diagnosis, presenting symptoms, risk factors for TB and its complications. All data was gathered from electronic medical records. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 23. The study was ethically approved by the Ethical committee at the institute.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study covered 239 patients with pulmonary and extra pulmonary TB<span><span><span>. Pulmonary TB constituted 128 patients (54 %) of the total sample. More than half of the included patients were males and more than 70 % were Omanis. The mean age was 42.74±18.2 years. Half of the pulmonary TB patients fall within 25–50 years age range. Diabetes and hypertension were the most common risk factors reported at 24 patients (20 %) of the population each. While smoking was found to be one of the main risk factors to develop pulmonary TB, 23 patients (18 %) of the subject population were smokers and 13 patients (10 %) had a recent history of traveling along with 13 TB patients and 13 patients (10 %) had history of some kind of contact with TB patients. The main symptoms observed were </span>cough<span> in 86 patients (67 %), fever in 74 patients (58 %) associated with weight loss in 58 patients (45 %) and around 14 patients (11 %) were diagnosed incidentally. Out of the studied population, 22 patients were diagnosed with Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN) stain, followed by 25 patients with TB culture alone and 55 patients had both ZN and TB culture together. Pleural effusion and </span></span>pneumothorax were the major complications experienced by the subject population, 13 (10.2 %) and 8 (6.3 %) patients respectively. However, 18 patients (14.1 %) died from pulmonary TB.</span></div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Most of the patients covered were of young to middle age, ranging between 25 and 50 years and most of them had pulmonary TB. Diabetes, hypertension, and smoking were found to be the main risk factors. The subject patients presented mainly suffered from cough, fever, and weight loss. ZN staining and sputum culture<span> were the main methods of diagnosis. Pleural effusion<span> and pneumothorax were the most common complications of pulmonary TB encountered in the subject population.</span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 2","pages":"Pages 198-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139190335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Caught in an x-rays loop”: An ethnographic exploration of doctor-patient interactions at a tuberculosis clinic","authors":"Abdu Salam ,&nbsp;Rosaria Indah ,&nbsp;Ferry Dwi Kurniawan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>One of the important barriers to tuberculosis treatment is the low level of alliance between doctor and patient. The alliance can be achieved by establishing quality interactions between doctors and patients. There is an abundance of research on patient-doctor interactions. However, scant literature explores communication strategies to improve interactions between doctors and patients with tuberculosis.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This study utilized an ethnographic approach to explore communication strategies that pulmonary resident doctors used when interacting with tuberculosis patients. Observations were made during communication between resident doctors and patients in the examination rooms, followed by separate interviews to record their perceptions of their previous interactions. The data were analyzed using the ‘Greet-Invite-Discuss communication framework’.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Some communication strategies may positively affect the interactions between doctor residents and their patients, including motivational interviews and using appropriate non-verbal gestures when providing information. However, other communication strategies may negatively affect the interactions, such as the failures to establish adequate rapport with patients, exploring patients' knowledge using close-ended questions, and doctors' domination in joint decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In sum, the Greet-Invite-Discuss framework may be helpful in analyzing the communication between doctors and patients with Tuberculosis. This study calls for improved communication training for residents in lung and respiratory medicine and further research in educational programs, especially on the quality of interactions between doctors and TB patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 2","pages":"Pages 213-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139633484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of tuberculosis healthcare packages under Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana-Arogya Karnataka: A comprehensive socio-demographic analysis","authors":"Pooja Sancheti ,&nbsp;Suresh G. Shastri ,&nbsp;Aditi Krishnamurthy ,&nbsp;Gagana G. Dayananda ,&nbsp;Pujari K. Srinivas ,&nbsp;Murugesh Jayaprakash ,&nbsp;Balu P. Srinivasa ,&nbsp;Anil Singarajipura ,&nbsp;Randeep Devendiran","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health concern, causing millions of cases and deaths worldwide. India<span>, particularly Karnataka, grapples with a significant TB burden, imposing a substantial economic strain on affected individuals and their families. Hospitalization for TB treatment is crucial but often results in financial distress, hindering inpatient care access due to exorbitant costs, leading to catastrophic medical expenses for many households.</span></div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study evaluates the utilization of TB-specific healthcare packages within the AB-PMJAY-ArK in Karnataka State. The primary objective is to assess utilization patterns based on socio-demographic factors, geographical distribution, healthcare facility types, and the cost savings for TB patients and their families.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Utilizing observational data from the AB-PMJAY-ArK preauthorization and claims database through Suvarna Arogya Suraksha Trust (SAST) portal, this study covers a 24-month period from July 2021 to June 2023. TB-specific treatment packages were identified, and descriptive statistics were employed for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 39,89,802 approved preauthorizations, 9173 patients with confirmed TB were analysed. Majority were male (68.3 %) and belonged to the below poverty line category (96.2 %). The public sector accounted for 97.9 % of TB treatment, with 96.4 % of approved preauthorization amounts. On average, the scheme averted catastrophic costs of approximately Rs. 10,000 per TB patient. Various healthcare facilities were utilized, with medical colleges being the most frequented.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Addressing the financial burden of TB hospitalization is crucial for ensuring equitable healthcare access. While AB-PMJAY-ArK has made significant strides in alleviating financial distress, policymakers and healthcare providers can amplify its impact through targeted interventions, healthcare system strengthening, and fostering public-private collaborations. Further research is needed to assess the long-term effects of these measures on patient outcomes and healthcare systems. This study provides valuable insights into strategies for mitigating financial distress resulting from TB hospitalization, with the potential to support the sustainable management of this global health challenge and enhance healthcare system resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"72 2","pages":"Pages 162-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}