Indian Journal of Tuberculosis最新文献

{"title":"Vanishing lung syndrome a rare cause of dwindling of lungs in children with pulmonary tuberculosis","authors":"Sangeeta Sharma ,&nbsp;T.S. Swetha ,&nbsp;Rohan Malakar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Vanishing lung syndrome (VLS) or idiopathic giant bullous disease is a rare condition characterized by giant emphysematous bullae, classically presenting as a slowly enlarging bulla that compresses normal </span>lung parenchyma<span> and causes mediastinal shift, leading to increasing dyspnea and reduced exercise tolerance. Intermittent sudden worsening of symptoms may be seen because of secondary pneumothorax due to rupture of these bullae. Here we present three cases of vanishing lung syndrome in children due to tuberculosis (TB). Reports on VLS due to TB are bare minimum. In contrast to most of the published case reports, our cases had a moderate to rapid progression, bilateral extensive bullae and isoniazid which has been traditionally thought to be the causative factor was not used in one of our patients. All three are female patients arising new horizons of research regarding whether there is any sex predominance.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 4","pages":"Pages 488-491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety profile of BCG revaccination for COVID prevention among elderly individuals in India","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>BCG<span> vaccination<span><span><span> is known to be safe in infants and a part of immunization schedule in high tuberculosis (TB) burden countries. In the conquest to bring down the severity of the COVID 19 pandemic, many drugs were repurposed in research mode including BCG vaccination/revaccination in various populations. We did a study among the elderly population (&gt;60 years of age) to assess the role of BCG revaccination in preventing the severity of COVID 19 disease. Live attenuated BCG vaccine was given to the willing participants and were followed up for 6 months to estimate COVID19 incidence, understand severity and </span>immunogenicity profile. A total of 48 serious </span>adverse events<span> (SAE) were reported among 1566 elders, none of them had more than one SAE. None of the SAEs were related to the BCG revaccination. Among the 372 adverse events reported, 96% were local reactions at the vaccine site and resolved on its own. BCG revaccination appeared to be safe and could be explored further if repurposing studies were planned for other diseases.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 4","pages":"Pages 380-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141054438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controversies and challenges in determining the endpoint of treatment in musculoskeletal tuberculosis – long term experience in a tertiary care teaching hospital.","authors":"Dr.Sumit Sural","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.05.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":" 54","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141131762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing deep learning models for tuberculosis detection: A retrospective study of digital vs. analog chest radiographs","authors":"Subhankar Chattoraj, Bhargava Reddy, Manoj Tadepalli, Preetham Putha","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.05.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"83 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141133638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of tuberculosis patients and the role of forensic medicine in COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tuberculosis and Coronaviral disease-19 had a global impact in 2020 and still predominating, both infectious diseases similar to the lethal pandemics spread in one route, likely airborne transmission, the infected person could spread to healthy people. However, tuberculosis slightly varies from COVID-19. Though the primordial disease of the tuberculosis epidemic has had a vast impact on this society, besides the COVID-19 pandemic with other co-morbidities, conditions faced numerous complications. This review exemplified the impact of two lethal diseases in changing patient care, diagnostic issues, and forensic sciences roles. The diagnosis of tuberculosis with a massive concern due to standard testing methods, leading to inaccuracy, sensitivity, and prolonged time consumption. In addition, unavailability of testing kits, equipment failure, over-crowd in hospitals and fewer healthcare workers, a prolonged testing period, and finally, anxiety about COVID-19. Also, the contribution of forensic sciences in the autopsy of the exact cause of infectious diseases is crucial. Likewise, during this pandemic, there has been a drastic reduction in tuberculosis incidence in high-burden countries and a synergistic effect of both diseases. So, this review summarized the overall burden of tuberculosis management during COVID-19 and followed the guidelines of various nations' healthcare authorities to mitigate the consequences of tuberculosis diagnosis and prognosis during the pandemic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 4","pages":"Pages 481-487"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic regulations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","authors":"Rushna Wazahat,&nbsp;Rana Zaidi,&nbsp;Pankaj Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em></span> (<em>Mtb</em><span><span>) employs several sophisticated strategies to evade host immunity and facilitate its intracellular survival. One of them is the epigenetic<span> manipulation of host chromatin by three strategies i.e., DNA methylation, </span></span>histone modifications<span> and miRNA involvement. A host-directed therapeutic can be an attractive approach that targets these host epigenetics or gene regulations and circumvent manipulation of host cell machinery by </span></span><em>Mtb</em>. Given the complexity of the nature of intracellular infection by <em>Mtb</em><span>, there are challenges in identifying the important host proteins, non-coding RNA or the secretory proteins of </span><em>Mtb</em><span> itself that directly or indirectly bring upon the epigenetic modifications<span> in the host chromatin. Equally challenging is developing the methods of targeting these epigenetic factors through chemical or non-chemical approaches as host-directed therapeutics. The current review article briefly summarizes several of the epigenetic factors that serve to bring upon potential changes in the host transcriptional machinery and targets the immune system for immunosuppression<span> and disease progression in </span></span></span><em>Mtb</em> infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 2","pages":"Pages 204-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42809972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of clinical profiles, imaging findings and antituberculosis treatment outcome in granulomatous mastitis: An Indian scenario","authors":"R. Mithen ,&nbsp;R.R. Mahin Nallasivam ,&nbsp;Dhanasekar Thangaswamy ,&nbsp;T. Mohanapriya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.04.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.04.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The management of choice for granulomatous mastitis<span> (GM) has yet to be determined but few studies have demonstrated that anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) could be an effective alternative therapeutic option. Hence, the objective of the current study is to determine the clinical feature, radiological imaging findings, and histopathological examination results exhibited by GM and tuberculosis (TB)-proven GM as well as to evaluate the ATT clinical outcome in GM patients.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study was performed on 68 GM patients who were referred to the department of pulmonology by the breast clinic (from January 2018 to August 2021). Study populations were categorized into two groups GM and TB-proven GM patients and all were prescribed with standard ATT regimen and were continuously followed up. SPSS version 25 was employed for statistical assessment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our study showed that 6 patients from GM and 4 patients from the TB-proven GM group got relapsed. For patients who displayed partial remission, ATT treatment was started after assessing the side effects potential. 14.6% (n = 6) and 7.4% (n = 2) patients who initially demonstrated partial remission were also completely cured. ATT treatment curable rate was determined to be 90% (n = 37) and 81.5% (n = 22) for GM and TB-proven GM patients correspondingly. Therefore, the current study demonstrated nil significant differences between groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The current study warrants that ATT therapy could be an effective and better treatment of choice for GM patients irrespective of their clinical condition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 2","pages":"Pages 163-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45648769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis and its clinical consequences on Women's health","authors":"Karthikeyan Sundaram,&nbsp;Leela Kagithakara Vajravelu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em></span><span><span> causes tuberculosis, a fatal infection resulting in widespread illness and death. In 2020, approximately 10 million people were diagnosed with tuberculosis. The top 30 tuberculosis-endemic countries accounted for 86% of all estimated occurrence cases worldwide. In this context, eight of these accounted for two-thirds of the global total, with India having a prevalence of 26%. Aside from lung inflammation, the risk factors for tuberculosis in women include extra-pulmonary infection, particularly genital tuberculosis, tuberculous </span>mastitis<span><span>, and tuberculous in the peritoneum, intestine, and spine. Depending on the epidemiologic context and screening methods, different tuberculosis </span>symptoms<span> and disease diagnoses are more or less common among expectant mothers. The disease is almost certainly going to have a global impact. The social stigma<span> and anxiety associated with tuberculosis may have a much more significant negative impact on women's health<span> behaviors than men. Notably, the abdominal sites of miliary tuberculosis could mimic tumor likely, carcinoma and lymphoma. Also, the results of the diagnostic accuracy tests for the condition demonstrate that extra-pulmonary tuberculosis can be quickly and accurately diagnosed in various sites using both the T-SPOT assay and the GeneXpert/PCR test. Therefore, this review exemplified the prevalence of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis at various points in women's lives. On the contrary, it also illustrated the symptoms and dangers of TB as they relate to women's health.</span></span></span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 2","pages":"Pages 195-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46171601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic risk factors for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: a rising public health threat in Bhutan","authors":"Tandin Zangpo ,&nbsp;Tsheten ,&nbsp;Phurpa Tenzin ,&nbsp;Chencho Dorji ,&nbsp;Gaki Nima ,&nbsp;Sithar Dorjee ,&nbsp;Rabeya Sultana","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.04.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.04.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Recently, extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) has been increasingly reported in Bhutan, rising from 26% in 2001 to 39% in 2010. In 2016, almost half (49%) of all reported TB cases were classified as EPTB. Thus, this study was conducted to understand the epidemiology and identify risk factors contributing to increasing notification of EPTB in Bhutan.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A case-control study was conducted by recruiting all 110 cases of nationally notified EPTB (Extrapulmonary bacteriologically confirmed/EPBC) as cases and 235 Pulmonary TB (Pulmonary bacteriologically confirmed/PBC) as controls. Data were collected on socio-demography, clinical and diagnostic, behavioral and lifestyle and environmental exposures using a structured questionnaire between April and September, 2018.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The median age of the cases was 25 years, ranged 9–79 years. Lymphatic TB was predominant (n = 78; 70.91%) followed by genitourinary TB<span> (n = 4 (3.64%). The likelihood of EPTB decreased with increase in age (p = 0.023). The odds of EPTB in females was 1.65 times higher than the males (p = 0.038). Increase in Body Mass Index (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.052–1.200) and urban residency were (AOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.016–2.805) were found to have higher odds of developing EPTB.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Females, urban residents, and those with higher BMI are at increased risk of developing EPTB. These at-risk groups can be used to target limited public health resources to control EPTB in Bhutan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 2","pages":"Pages 137-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49117147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with post-tuberculosis sequelae with functional limitation","authors":"Aqeel Hussain ,&nbsp;Alkesh Kumar Khurana ,&nbsp;Abhishek Goyal ,&nbsp;S.Y. Kothari ,&nbsp;Raj Krishnan Soman ,&nbsp;Sai Tej ,&nbsp;Abhijit Pakhare","doi":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.04.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Pulmonary rehabilitation improves dyspnea, functional limitation and </span>quality of life<span><span> in patients with </span>chronic respiratory disease<span> especially Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease<span> (COPD). Whether Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) will have similar effect in patients with post-tuberculosis sequelae or not and whether the two morphological variants will respond similarly or not was the purpose of our study.</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Adult patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria of a diagnosis of post-tuberculosis sequelae with functional limitation (modified medical research council [mMRC] grade 1 or more) were recruited over a period of two years. A baseline </span>health assessment in the different domains of health was done at the beginning and repeated just after the completion of the rehabilitation program at 6 weeks.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>26 patients completed the PR protocol of our study. Dyspnea improved from an mMRC grade of 1.5 to 0.7 post-PR (p &lt; 0.001). 6MWD increased by 34 meters from a baseline value of 408.6 meters to 442.7 meters post-PR. (p-value 0.3) St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) symptom score decreased by 13 points, SGRQ activity score decreased by 18 points, SGRQ impact score decreased by 18 and SGRQ total score decreased by 17 points with p-values of 0.037, 0.002, 0.004 and 0.002 for SGRQ symptom score, SGRQ activity score, SGRQ impact score, SGRQ total score respectively. </span>Depression Anxiety Stress Scale<span> (DASS) Stress score decreased by 6.7, DASS Anxiety score decreased by 6.6, and DASS Depression score decreased by 5.5 points. Intergroup comparison revealed both bronchiectasis predominant group and fibrosis predominant group responded similarly to PR.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>PR improved parameters assessing dyspnea, quality of life and mental health indices significantly. Improvement in functional capacity was not statically significant. Both the morphological variants responded similarly to the PR.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39346,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tuberculosis","volume":"71 2","pages":"Pages 123-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49192844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}