Plant Gene最新文献

{"title":"Differential expression of genes related to tillering in lowland rice varieties cultivated under upland condition","authors":"Muazr Amer Hamzah ,&nbsp;Parameswari Namasivayam ,&nbsp;Nur Fatihah Mohd Yusoff ,&nbsp;Chai-Ling Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice tillering is a key determinant of yield and is influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Building upon previous findings that upland conditions reduced tiller production in lowland rice varieties, this study investigated the differential expression of tillering-related genes in two lowland rice varieties, Kadaria and MR269, cultivated under upland and lowland conditions. The transcript abundance of genes involved in tillering, phytohormone biosynthesis, and stress response at the basal part of the rice plant was analyzed using the NanoString nCounter® system. The down-regulation of <em>PIN Protein 9</em> (<em>OsPIN9</em>) and up-regulation of <em>Dwarf 14</em> (<em>D14</em>) in both lowland rice varieties may lead to auxin accumulation and enhanced strigolactone signaling in rice plants cultivated under upland conditions, hence causing them to produce fewer tillers. In addition, the up-regulation of <em>Cytochrome P450 735A4</em> (<em>CYP735A4</em>), a gene involved in cytokinin biosynthesis, was also observed in rice plants cultivated under upland conditions. The differential expression of <em>LAX Panicle 2</em> (<em>LAX2</em>), <em>PIN Protein 1b</em> (<em>OsPIN1b</em>), <em>PIN Protein 2</em> (<em>OsPIN2</em>), and <em>Pyrabactin Resistance 1 Like</em>/<em>Regulatory Components of ABA Receptor 10</em> (<em>OsPYL</em>/<em>RCAR10</em>) was unique to specific rice varieties, suggesting varietal differences in tillering responses to a possible water stress imposed by the upland conditions. These findings contribute to the understanding of potential molecular pathways influencing tiller production in lowland rice varieties cultivated under water-limited upland conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple origin of organellar genomes of cultivated pea (Pisum sativum L. subsp. sativum)","authors":"Vera S. Bulgakova,&nbsp;Natalia V. Shatskaya,&nbsp;Oleg E. Kosterin,&nbsp;Gennadiy V. Vasiliev","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The initial area and gene pool involved in plant domestication are a matter of ongoing debates. Earlier we found that pea cultivar Cameor had plastid and mitochondrial genomes related to wild peas of different provenance. We sequenced complete plastid and mitochondrial genomes from 27 accessions to compile a sample of 91 peas including 26 landraces of traditional cultivation. The vast majority of plastid genomes of cultivated peas tightly clustered and was closely related to wild peas primarily from Ponto-Caspian area and Zagros. However, two accessions from Central Asia showed affinity to a different wild pea lineage. Mitochondrial genomes of most cultivated peas were found in three clusters. Accessions most related to wild peas from the domestication ‘Core Area’ originated from periphery of traditional pea cultivation: Africa, Central Asia and Himalaya. Another cluster, related to wild peas from the Balkan Peninsula and Sicily, was present in Central Asia and Greece. Accessions most related to the cultivar Cameor were found throughout the pea cultivation range. We hypothesise that the pea cultivation area, initially occupied by peas domesticated in the ‘Core Area’, underwent two subsequent waves of invasion of cultivated peas with mitochondria introgressed from wild peas from elsewhere. One of the waves spread from South-East Europe and/or West Asia, and the second was associated with relatively recent expansion of crops of European origin. Mitochondrial genomes were supposed to introgress readily from wild to cultivated peas. Knowledge on diversity of organellar genomes of wild and cultivated peas may facilitate appropriate choice of co-adapted nuclear-organellar combinations for breeding programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Sorghum mutant genotypes revealed through genetic Characterization","authors":"Abera Takele ,&nbsp;Tesfaye Disasa ,&nbsp;Tileye Feyissa ,&nbsp;Alemu Lencho ,&nbsp;Chemeda Birhanu","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sorghum (<em>Sorghum bicolor</em> (L.) Moench) is a climate-resilient cereal vital for food security, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Understanding the molecular characterization of sorghum mutant genotypes is crucial for crop improvement, yet their genetic diversity and population structure remain poorly understood. This study assessed 190 randomly selected mutant genotypes from 2000 M₂ lines generated via Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) treatment, alongside two parental lines, using 10 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. Key diversity metrics, including polymorphic information content (PIC), genetic diversity (GD), and allelic richness (Ar), were analyzed. The SSR analysis revealed significant polymorphism, with mean values of 0.84 (PIC), 0.83 (GD), and 6.41 (Ar), indicating substantial genetic variation. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed that 97 % of genetic variation occurred among individuals, with only 2 % and 1 % attributed to population and within-individual variations, respectively. The high within-population variation suggests extensive genetic diversity due to mutagenesis and selection. Despite this, moderate population divergence was observed, indicating genetic relatedness among groups. Cluster analysis identified two distinct genetic groups, with most clusters containing mutants from both parental lines, reflecting shared ancestry. Several mutants with high genetic diversity were identified as promising candidates for multi-location agronomic trials, particularly for drought resilience and yield stability. These findings highlight the potential of these genotypes for breeding programs aimed at enhancing sorghum resilience and productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the role of small RNAs in the development of empurpled phenotypes in the Gossypium hirsutum mutant HS2","authors":"Minghua Lv,&nbsp;Ting Deng,&nbsp;Jiahong Cao,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhang,&nbsp;Fangfang Cai,&nbsp;Jun Mei,&nbsp;Dongliang Yu,&nbsp;Yuqiang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cotton fibers are among the most important natural fibers worldwide. Developing natural colored cotton (NCC) varieties is crucial for cotton fiber utilization due to their eco-friendly properties. Manipulation of anthocyanin synthesis is an effective strategy for creating novel NCCs. Our previous research revealed enhanced anthocyanin accumulation in an empurpled <em>Gossypium hirsutum</em> mutant, <em>HS2</em>, but the regulatory mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we employed an integrated analysis of RNA sequencing, small RNA (sRNA) sequencing, and degradome sequencing to assess the expression patterns and potential roles of sRNAs in the development of the empurpled phenotype in <em>HS2</em>. Our findings revealed that the expression profiles of sRNAs are highly similar between the wild type and the mutant, with only 11 miRNAs and 761 siRNAs showing significant expression variation. Eight miRNAs and one siRNA exhibited inverse regulation with their targets, which were not directly involved in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. Notably, degradome data analysis identified interactions between miR395 and ATP sulfurylase genes (<em>APS1</em> and <em>APS3</em>). Further assessment determined down-regulation of miR395 and up-regulation of <em>APS</em> genes in <em>HS2</em>, as well as the enhanced biosynthesis of cysteine and glutathione. These results suggest that miRNA mediated post-transcriptional regulation might not be the primary mechanism driving anthocyanin enhancement in <em>HS2</em>. Instead, the miR395-<em>APS</em> modules are possibly involved in modulating cellular processes to cope with the increased anthocyanin levels. Overall, this study deepens our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the empurpled phenotype in <em>HS2</em> and facilitates its future use in NCC breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pangenome-wide identification, evolutionary analysis, and characterization of WOX gene family among Brassica Triangle of U's genomes","authors":"Prabhakaran Soundararajan ,&nbsp;AT Vivek ,&nbsp;Gokul Babu Suresh ,&nbsp;Bhavya Shukla ,&nbsp;Kanchan B.M. Singh ,&nbsp;Shailesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Abinaya Manivannan","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) is an evolutionarily important gene family involved in key developmental processes such as embryo patterning, stem cell regulation, apical meristem maintenance, etc. <em>Brassica</em> contains several widely diversified and economically important vegetables grown worldwide. In this study, a pangenome-wide identification and characterization of the WOX gene family among all the species of <em>Brassica</em> Triangle of U's have been performed. WOX gene family was identified from the genomes of 31 <em>Brassica</em> species/morphotypes. About 26–28, 28, and 26–31 copies of <em>WOX</em> genes are present in diploid progenitors such as <em>B. rapa</em> (AA), <em>B. nigra</em>(BB), and <em>B. oleracea</em> (CC), respectively. In allotetraploid species, the number of <em>WOX</em> genes exceeds more than 50 copies. However, their number varies between morphotypes at the pangenome level. Motif and gene structure analysis showed distinct and conserved patterns between homoeologous genes. Non-synonymous (Ka)/Synonymous (Ks) ratio indicated that more number of modern/WUS clade orthologs underwent positive selection followed by those of the intermediate clade. Interacting networks between the <em>WOX</em> and miRNA showed that the CC genome has more complex network pattern compared to the AA genome. Although the <em>WOX</em>-miRNA interactions observed in both AABB and AACC genomes were distinct, they exhibited similarity in overlapping connections. Transcriptome data, analyzed from unfertilized ovule to seven developmental stages of embryos and their seed coat, sourced from public databases across six genomes, illustrated that <em>WOX</em> genes are expressed in a spatio-temporal manner throughout these developmental stages. Furthermore, qPCR analysis of <em>WOX</em> genes at two stages, such as 2–3 days old (leaf and root primordia) and 3 weeks old seedlings (leaf and root) in <em>B. juncea</em> and <em>B. oleracea</em> provides details of stage- and tissues-specific expression patterns between AB and C genomes. Overall, the present study sheds light on evolution and characterization of the WOX gene family in <em>Brassica</em> at the pangenome level for further functional validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular cloning and characterization of CtCuZnSOD gene from Cyamopsis tetragonoloba under drought stress","authors":"Mamtesh Kumari ,&nbsp;Rashmi Gangwar ,&nbsp;Harry Kaur ,&nbsp;Ramasare Prasad","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CuZnSOD plays a crucial role in mitigating drought-induced oxidative stress by serving as the primary defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study identifies and characterizes CuZnSOD in <em>Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</em>, revealing tissue-specific expression of the <em>CtCuZnSOD</em> gene. Its significant upregulation under drought stress, particularly in leaf tissues, underscores its essential role in the plant's adaptive defense mechanism. A key achievement of this research was the successful cloning of the full-length CtCuZnSOD gene, which consists of a 453 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 150 amino acid protein. The expression of the recombinant protein in <em>E. coli</em> led to the purification of a protein with a molecular weight of 15.22 kDa. Remarkably, the enzyme displayed thermostability, retaining over 20 % of its activity at 80 °C, and functioned effectively across a wide pH range, with optimal activity at pH 5.0. Its inhibition by potassium cyanide and hydrogen peroxide confirmed its classification as CuZnSOD. The enzyme demonstrated remarkable stability, retaining activity even in the presence of strong denaturants such as urea, SDS, DTT, and β-mercaptoethanol. This robustness, confirmed by in silico analysis, underscores its significance for diverse applications. This study underscores the pivotal role of CuZnSOD in bolstering plant resilience against environmental stressors, particularly drought conditions. Additionally, the CtCuZnSOD enzyme's stability and resilience under harsh conditions render it a highly valuable candidate for applications in both agricultural biotechnology and enzyme technology, where the presence of stable enzymes is critical for effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coetaneous activity of Sub1a and SK for maintenance of underwater growth in rice genotypes","authors":"Sandip Pal ,&nbsp;Dip Pal ,&nbsp;Rup Kumar Kar ,&nbsp;Debasish Panda ,&nbsp;Pradip Chandra Dey ,&nbsp;Narottam Dey","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the availability of flood-tolerant genotypes with <em>Sub1a-</em>mediated elongation, <em>SK</em> has been depicted as the primary gene responsible for elongation under prolonged submergence. However, the combined role of both loci (<em>Sub1a</em> and <em>SK</em>) are prerequisites for the survival of rice plants under flash floods followed by stagnant floods that are yet to be revealed. The combinatorial action of <em>Sub1a</em> and <em>SK</em> in a selected group of lowland rice with the simultaneous presence of both loci were studied for their physio-biochemical performance under induced flash flood followed by water stagnation for 21 days. Among the lines, var. Ganga Sali showed elongation and Kalapatia showed quiescence growth with varied degrees of aerenchyma formation. Further, it was endorsed that var. Ganga Sali showed the highest enzymatic activity of ADH and minimal for PDC under submerged conditions. RT PCR-based expression analysis of <em>Sub1a, SK1, SK2, adh1, pdc1, and susy1</em> genetic loci under differential submergence showed a mixed response to the depth and duration of the induced flood, among which <em>Sub1a</em> and <em>SK2</em> showed distinct differences between normal and test plant tissue. From expression analysis, the differential activity of <em>Sub1a</em> and <em>SK2</em> was recorded, which showed that during the onset of flood, <em>Sub1a</em> starts to express in both the var. Ganga Sali and var. Kalapatia, but as the flood prevails for a longer period, the expression of <em>Sub1a</em> is masked by both <em>SK1</em> and <em>SK2</em>. Overall, the study demonstrates the combinatorial role of both the genes in two studied rice lines under different flood regimes and their effect on phenotype. The present work may be the first report on the combinatorial expression of <em>Sub1a</em> and <em>SK</em> under differentially induced submergence on a mixed rice population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100502"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome-guided selection of reference genes from field-grown adult trees and seedlings exposed to defense phytohormones in Erythrina velutina","authors":"Daisy Sotero Chacon ,&nbsp;Cibele Tesser da Costa ,&nbsp;Fábio Antônio Antonelo ,&nbsp;Bernardo Bonilauri ,&nbsp;Taffarel Melo Torres ,&nbsp;Raquel Brandt Giordani ,&nbsp;Arthur Germano Fett-Neto","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Erythrina velutina</em> Willd (Fabaceae) is an important non-model tree with pharmaceutical potential, traditionally used in folk medicine at the northeastern Brazilian semiarid region. The species shows anti-inflammatory properties and central nervous system modulation. Our previous work highlighted its capacity of biosynthesizing several bioactive compounds. It was also possible to identify enzyme and transcription factor genes involved in the response to both biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the identification of reference genes (RGs) for real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays and validation of molecular mechanisms is still lacking. Leaves and seeds of field-grown plants and shoots of seedlings exposed to defense phytohormones (sodium nitroprusside and methyl jasmonate, the former as source of nitric oxide) were examined. As a result, 60 transcripts had RPKM (log2) &gt; 2 and CV &lt; 10 %, from which the 11 most conserved were selected: <em>NADH</em>, <em>26S</em>, <em>UPF, PBL27</em>, <em>CYB5</em>, <em>ARP4</em>, <em>ARD2</em>, <em>OAT</em>, <em>CSTF64</em>, <em>NLE</em>, and <em>RAB7</em>. <em>CSTF64</em>, <em>RAB7</em>, <em>NLE</em>, <em>UPF</em> and <em>ARP4</em> exhibited the highest stability and showed positive, and significant correlations, while <em>NADH</em> and <em>PBL27</em> were the least stable genes. The use of two genes was sufficient for normalizing qPCR assays, and the best gene pairs were recommended. All reference genes were validated with target genes, sequenced, and showed adequate melting curves and amplification efficiency. This pioneering identification of reference genes in <em>Erythrina velutina</em> provides a platform for future molecular studies in this unique dryland species. The herein described approach can also be useful in identifying adequate housekeeping genes in other non-model plant species<em>.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular identification of endemic plant species in Kars Province based on universal barcode gene regions","authors":"Asiye Uluğ ,&nbsp;Funda Özdemir Değirmenci ,&nbsp;Gül Esma Akdoğan","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Located in the highest and coldest region of north-eastern Türkiye, the province of Kars boasts a remarkable floral diversity, accounting for 16 % of the country's flora with 1615 plant species identified. This region represents the Caucasian lands of Türkiye and serves as a transition point between the Iranian-Turkish, European-Siberian and Mediterranean floral regions. Despite its considerable botanical wealth of the province, the flora of Kars Province remains poorly documented in the scientific literature. The aim of this research was to provide the molecular identity of 14 endemic plant species in the province using DNA-based methods. Three universal DNA barcode genes—<em>trnH-psbA</em> (non-coding spacer region), ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit (<em>rbcL</em>), and maturase K (<em>matK</em>)—were sequenced to facilitate accurate identification. The endemic plant species were correctly identified to genus and species level based on the presence of the corresponding sequence of the investigated gene regions. By submitting 36 new barcodes to the NCBI database, this study contributes valuable genetic resources for future research in plant genetic studies. The findings highlight the potential of DNA barcoding to improve our understanding of plant diversity and to inform conservation efforts in the Caucasus region. The research not only contributes to our knowledge of Türkiye's plant diversity, but also advances the global discourse on genetic, taxonomic, ecological and biodiversity research dedicated to the conservation of endemic species in their natural habitats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Somatic drought stress memory affects leaf morpho-physiological traits of plants via epigenetic mechanisms and phytohormonal signalling","authors":"Franklin Alongi ,&nbsp;Anja Petek-Petrik ,&nbsp;Mohammad Mukarram ,&nbsp;Hülya Torun ,&nbsp;Bernhard Schuldt ,&nbsp;Peter Petrík","doi":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought stress memory in plants is an adaptive mechanism that enhances resilience to future water stress through physiological and molecular modifications triggered by previous drought events. This review explores somatic drought stress memory within a plant's lifespan, with a specific focus on leaf and stomatal morphology, minimum leaf conductance, photosynthetic efficiency, water-use efficiency, antioxidant capacity, and leaf senescence. We examine how epigenetic mechanisms—such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs—regulate gene expression in coordination with hormonal signalling pathways. Phytohormones, including abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, salicylic acid, auxins and cytokinins, are central to these processes, influencing key morphological and physiological adaptations, such as stomatal regulation, cuticle thickness, water retention, and improved water-use efficiency. The review synthesizes current knowledge on the molecular and hormonal networks underlying these adaptations and their impact on leaf architecture and metabolism. Despite advancements, critical gaps remain in identifying the specific genes and pathways involved, understanding the longevity of epigenetic marks, and elucidating the intricate cross-talk between phytohormones during drought stress memory. This review emphasizes the need for integrated -omics approaches to map epigenetic modifications and uncover their roles in developing drought-resistant plants through targeted stress priming strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38041,"journal":{"name":"Plant Gene","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}