Alternative oxidase of plants mitochondria is related with increased resistance of tomato mtDNA to the difenoconazole exposure

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI:10.1016/j.plgene.2024.100475

Alina A. Alimova , Maria V. Gureeva , Mariya I. Gladkikh , Ekaterina Yu Nesterova , Mikhail Yu Syromyatnikov , Artem P. Gureev

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

It is known that plant mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are more resistant to damage than animal mitochondria. We hypothesized that this phenomenon may be related to alternative respiratory pathways in plants mitochondria, in particular alternative oxidase (AOX). The results of a pot experiment demonstrated that the application of the fungicide difenoconazole at concentrations that were 3-, 5-, and 10-times higher than the recommended dosage resulted in a 106 %, 76 %, and 90 % increase in mitochondrial DNA damage in tomato shoots, respectively, in comparison to the shoots treated with difenoconazole at the dosage recommended by the manufacturer. Inhibition of shoot growth was observed in response to treatment with difenoconazole at a dose 10times higher than recommended. It is noteworthy that when tomatoes were treated with difenoconazole at this concentration, there was a tendency for the expression of inducible aox1a. In a field experiment, difenoconazole at a concentration of 5 times higher than recommended resulted in a 10 % increase in mtDNA damage in the fruits compared to the control. Similar results were obtained in an in vitro experiment. The addition of low doses of difenoconazole to intact tomato mitochondria did not cause mtDNA damage. The observed damages occured only when 200 μM difenoconazole was added. In contrast, incubation of 20 μM difenoconazole with SHAM, which inhibits AOX, resulted in a 115 % increase in mtDNA damage compared to the use of the same concentration without difenoconazole. This finding is consistent with the damaging effect induced by 200 μM difenoconazole. The increase in difenoconazole toxicity induced by SHAM and the elevation in aox1a gene expression resulting from the treatment with a 10 times higher than the recommended dose of difenoconazole may signify a pivotal function of AOX in the increased resistance of plant mtDNA to the pesticide exposure.

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植物线粒体的替代氧化酶与番茄mtDNA对苯醚甲环唑暴露的抗性增强有关

众所周知，植物线粒体和线粒体 DNA（mtDNA）比动物线粒体更能抵抗损伤。我们假设这一现象可能与植物线粒体中的替代呼吸途径有关，特别是替代氧化酶（AOX）。盆栽实验结果表明，施用浓度比推荐剂量高 3 倍、5 倍和 10 倍的杀菌剂苯醚甲环唑，与按生产商推荐剂量施用苯醚甲环唑处理的番茄嫩芽相比，线粒体 DNA 损伤分别增加了 106%、76% 和 90%。在使用比建议剂量高 10 倍的苯醚甲环唑处理番茄时，发现番茄嫩芽的生长受到抑制。值得注意的是，用这一浓度的苯醚甲环唑处理西红柿时，诱导性 aox1a 有表达的趋势。在一项田间试验中，浓度比推荐值高 5 倍的苯醚甲环唑导致果实中的 mtDNA 损伤比对照组增加了 10%。体外实验也得出了类似的结果。在完整的番茄线粒体中添加低剂量的苯醚甲环唑不会造成 mtDNA 损伤。只有加入 200 μM 的苯醚甲环唑时，才会出现观察到的损伤。相反，将 20 μM 的苯醚甲环唑与抑制 AOX 的 SHAM 一起孵育时，与使用相同浓度的苯醚甲环唑时相比，mtDNA 损伤增加了 115%。这一发现与 200 μM 苯醚甲环唑诱导的破坏作用一致。SHAM 诱导的苯醚甲环唑毒性的增加，以及高于推荐剂量 10 倍的苯醚甲环唑处理导致的 aox1a 基因表达的增加，可能表明 AOX 在提高植物 mtDNA 对农药暴露的抗性方面起着关键作用。

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来源期刊

Plant Gene Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

51 days

期刊介绍： Plant Gene publishes papers that focus on the regulation, expression, function and evolution of genes in plants, algae and other photosynthesizing organisms (e.g., cyanobacteria), and plant-associated microorganisms. Plant Gene strives to be a diverse plant journal and topics in multiple fields will be considered for publication. Although not limited to the following, some general topics include: Gene discovery and characterization, Gene regulation in response to environmental stress (e.g., salinity, drought, etc.), Genetic effects of transposable elements, Genetic control of secondary metabolic pathways and metabolic enzymes. Herbal Medicine - regulation and medicinal properties of plant products, Plant hormonal signaling, Plant evolutionary genetics, molecular evolution, population genetics, and phylogenetics, Profiling of plant gene expression and genetic variation, Plant-microbe interactions (e.g., influence of endophytes on gene expression; horizontal gene transfer studies; etc.), Agricultural genetics - biotechnology and crop improvement.