Bioprinting最新文献

{"title":"Development and characterization of bioinks for 3D bioprinting of in vitro skeletal muscle constructs","authors":"Rodi Kado Abdalkader ,&nbsp;Kosei Yamauchi ,&nbsp;Satoshi Konishi ,&nbsp;Takuya Fujita","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of 3D bioprinting to construct <em>in vitro</em> skeletal muscle models presents a promising approach; however, selecting an optimal bioink remains a common challenge. This study focuses on the development and characterization of bioinks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting, specifically targeting the creation of accurate skeletal muscle models. By exploring various compositions of alginate, gelatin, fibrinogen, and nanofiber cellulose, we evaluate these formulations based on printability and their support for the growth and differentiation of C2C12 myoblast cells.</div><div>While alginate provided a strong, stable matrix for printing scaffolds embedded with C2C12 cells, it did not effectively promote cell growth and differentiation. The addition of fibrinogen to alginate enhanced cell growth and differentiation but was limited mainly to the scaffold surfaces, even with the inclusion of gelatin as a sacrificial ink. Notably, replacing alginate with nanofiber cellulose (NFC) alongside fibrinogen significantly improved cell growth and differentiation, leading to the formation of mature myotubes. Cell distribution was observed both inside and on the surfaces of the scaffolds, indicating effective spatial cell distribution. Furthermore, the scaffolds were tailored to form skeletal muscle bundles anchored between PDMS pillars for contractility testing. Upon exposure to electrical stimulation, the cells displayed measurable displacement, demonstrating contractile function.</div><div>These findings offer valuable insights into optimizing bioink formulations that promote myoblast growth and differentiation into skeletal muscle <em>in vitro</em>, with potential applications in future neuromuscular disease modeling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143212070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D printed cellulose nanofiber-reinforced and iron-crosslinked double network hydrogel composites for tissue engineering applications: Mechanical properties and cellular viability","authors":"Rohit Goyal ,&nbsp;Soumyasri Nikhilesh Mahapatra ,&nbsp;Rashmi Yadav ,&nbsp;Santanu Mitra ,&nbsp;Animesh Samanta ,&nbsp;Anuj Kumar ,&nbsp;Bimlesh Lochab","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufacturing (i.e. 3D printing) is a promising technology for creating three-dimensional (3D) complex tissue-engineered hydrogel structures based on computer digital models resulting from patient-specific anatomical data of the organs. However, besides the printing process, it is worth studying the variation of individual components of the developed hydrogel composites to enable their suitability for tissue engineering. In this work, we shaped 3D printed multi-layered dual (UV- and Fe³⁺ ions)-crosslinked structures using hydrogel-inks composed of polyacrylamide (PAM), alginate (ALG), and cellulose nanofibres (CNFs). For extrusion, ALG in hydrogel precursor ink acted as a viscosity modifier owing to rapid gelation in the presence of low Ca²⁺ ions and CNF provided shear-thinning behavior. With the addition of optimal content of CNF (3 wt%), the mechanical properties of 3D printed composite hydrogel were enhanced and tuned using different fiber orientations. The maximum tensile stress of PAM/ALG_1.5/3CNF composite hydrogel is measured as ∼162 kPa, and maximum tensile toughness as ∼54 kJ/m³ supporting a good fracture resistance. Moreover, CNF-Fe³⁺ loaded 3D printed dual-networked composite hydrogels could disperse energy more efficiently and displayed maximum tensile stress as ∼285 kPa and maximum toughness as ∼200 kJ/m³. Further, In the current study, developed composite structures exhibited enhanced swelling ratio and thermal stability. In addition, finite element (FE) modelling was also exploited to analyze the novel anisotropic composite structures using efficient computational techniques. It is established that varying nanofiber content and fibrils orientation can be utilized to modulate the physicochemical, mechanical, and biological characteristics of printed structures. Overall, PAM/ALG_1.5/3CNF-Fe³⁺ printed composite structures present substantial stretchability, enhanced anisotropic mechanical and physicochemical properties with excellent cytocompatibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations in 3D printing of magnesium alloys and composites for biodegradable biomedical devices","authors":"Aditya Nair ,&nbsp;Shruti Gupta ,&nbsp;Aboli Jangitwar ,&nbsp;Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnesium is among the plentiful minerals present in natural sources, serving as a crucial macronutrient for the human body, with numerous studies validating its distinctive traits such as remarkable biocompatibility within the human system, diminished stress shielding, and proficient physical and chemical characteristics. These attributes are pivotal elements when employing the mineral in alloys and composites for the fabrication of biomedical components. One particular application involves the utilization of magnesium-based alloys and composites in the creation of coronary stents and bone implants. The ability to manufacture magnesium-based biomedical components with precision and reduced material wastage through additive manufacturing methods has prompted a transition away from the conventional manufacturing processes presently in use. This review aims to offer a thorough assessment of the application of additive manufacturing in producing magnesium alloys and composites for biomedical purposes. The paper comprises a comparative examination of the fabrication methods presently employed for the production of these alloys and composites, with a particular emphasis on various additive manufacturing techniques. Furthermore, it delves into the surface modification of additively manufactured implants, which has shown considerable improvements in biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, which are crucial parameters in the realm of biomedicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of medical 3D printing, printable biomaterials, prosthetic and regenerative dental applications","authors":"Mohammed Ahmed Alghauli ,&nbsp;Rola Aljohani ,&nbsp;Waad Aljohani ,&nbsp;Shahad Almutairi ,&nbsp;Ahmed Yaseen Alqutaibi","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review explores the rapid advancements in additive manufacturing, particularly 3D printing, within dentistry, focusing on bioprinting. It highlights the technology's efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability while comprehensively analyzing its historical development, classification, and applications. The study compares additive manufacturing with conventional subtractive methods like CNC milling and evaluates the materials used. A thorough literature search across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar was conducted, focusing on recent developments in 3D printing and CAD/CAM technologies in dentistry. The review identifies key applications, including surgical guides and root analog implants in implant dentistry, as well as the production of dental models, denture bases, and metal frameworks. Though prosthodontics is in the early stages of adopting 3D printing, advancements in materials and technologies are paving the way for its broader application. This review provides valuable insights for researchers and developers, emphasizing the potential of additive manufacturing to become a dominant chairside production method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00395"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of organ-on-a-chip using microfluidics","authors":"S. Ying-Jin ,&nbsp;I. Yuste ,&nbsp;E. González-Burgos ,&nbsp;D.R. Serrano","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of microfluidic devices represents a significant advancement beyond conventional techniques in the development of innovative <em>in vitro</em> assays. Microfluidic chips are specialized devices that precisely control fluids at the microscale level through intricate microchannels, enabling the replication of physical and chemical conditions. When combined with tissue engineering, these chips have evolved into highly specialized tools known as Organ-on-a-Chip (OoC) devices, which can simulate the physiology and functionality of various human tissues and organs. OoC devices are cutting-edge technologies that integrate a biological component representing the target organ with a microfluidic component that mimics blood flow. This combination allows for the replication of biological structures with a more accurate representation of the <em>in vivo</em> physiological cellular microenvironment, which can be finely tuned by adjusting the flow rate and composition. As a result, novel microfluidic models for <em>in vitro</em> research can overcome the limitations of traditional 2D and 3D static cell cultures, enabling faster clinical translation and more precise predictions of the efficacy, safety, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of new drugs. This review will discuss various techniques for fabricating OoCs and their applications in mimicking different physiological microenvironments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-material 3D bioprinting of human stem cells to engineer complex human corneal structures with stroma and epithelium","authors":"P. Puistola ,&nbsp;S. Huhtanen ,&nbsp;K. Hopia ,&nbsp;S. Miettinen ,&nbsp;A. Mörö ,&nbsp;H. Skottman","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing cost-effective and scalable multi-material bioprinting technologies that combine multiple cell types is crucial to produce biomimetic, complex human tissue substitutes and overcome the scarcity of transplantable tissues. These technological developments can revolutionize the treatment of several conditions currently dependent on donor tissues, such as corneal blindness. Here, corneal structures consisting of two layers, stroma and epithelium, were manufactured by extrusion-based 3D bioprinting. To take steps towards clinical translation of bioprinting, three clinically compatible hyaluronic acid based bioinks were combined with human adipose tissue and induced pluripotent stem cell derived cell types. Each of the three bioinks was customized to suit the needs of different cells and to provide mechanical stability for the bioprinted structure. Along with offering a 3D environment with excellent cytocompatibility, these bioprinted corneal structures facilitated cellular interactions and network formation, which are essential for creating functional tissue substitutes. Consequently, this study provides important insight on how to bring together the technical aspects of multi-material bioprinting as well as the biological relevance and scalability of the bioprinted constructs, advancing the field of additive manufacturing for clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjusting degradation rate, mechanical properties and bioactivity of 3D-Printed biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds by silk fibroin/ platelet-rich plasma lysate coating for regeneration of craniofacial bone defects","authors":"Samira Tajvar ,&nbsp;Afra Hadjizadeh ,&nbsp;Saeed Saber Samandari ,&nbsp;Shohreh Mashayekhan","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite many advances, reconstruction of craniofacial bone defects has faced many challenges due to their complex anatomy. For this purpose, in recent decades, researchers have focused on developing biomimetic and patient-specific engineered tissues. In this study, we developed scaffolds designed specifically for craniofacial bone defects, featuring optimal mechanical properties and degradation rates. To this end, porous scaffolds based on Na- and Mg-doped carbonated hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) were prepared using 3D printing. The printed scaffolds were then coated with silk fibroin (SF) and human platelet-rich plasma lysate (HPL). The degradation rate of the scaffolds was optimized in terms of HA to β-TCP ratio, pore size, and layers of the SF coating. Mechanical tests showed that the Young's modulus, compressive strength, and toughness of the scaffolds increased from 0.093 ± 0.006 GPa, 2.939 ± 0.54 MPa and 8.531 ± 1.092 MJ m⁻³ to 0.228 ± 0.029 GPa, 52.521 ± 5.29 MPa and 237.757 ± 18.754 MJ m⁻³ (P &lt; 0.001), respectively by coating with SF. To investigate the regenerative potential of the scaffolds, the behavior of cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adipose tissue on the samples was evaluated. The results showed that treatment of scaffolds with HPL promoted cell viability and adhesion and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, which makes biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)/SF/HPL composite scaffolds promising bone substitutes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomically accurate 3D printed prosthetic incus for ossicular chain reconstruction","authors":"Masoud Mohseni-Dargah ,&nbsp;Christopher Pastras ,&nbsp;Payal Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Kai Cheng ,&nbsp;Khosro Khajeh ,&nbsp;Mohsen Asadnia","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Middle ear disease often leads to ossicular erosion, impairing auditory function and frequently requiring ossicular chain reconstruction (OCR) for hearing restoration. Columella-type prostheses, commonly used in OCR, have shown limited success due to issues such as displacement and extrusion, highlighting the need for more effective solutions. This study introduces a 3D-printed prosthesis anatomically resembling the human incus bone, referred to as the titanium prosthetic incus, as a potential device for OCR. Utilising Finite Element Analysis (FEA), CT imaging, and 3D printing, the prosthesis was numerically evaluated, fabricated, and experimentally tested to assess its mechanical performance and anatomical fit. The prosthetic incus demonstrated ossicular vibration comparable to healthy control ears, effectively transmitting sound energy to the inner ear. The results revealed that the prosthetic incus offers superior sound transmission performance, particularly at low frequencies (below 1000 Hz), when compared to the PORP, with similar performance at higher frequencies. Additionally, the prosthetic incus has the potential to improve overall stability over traditional PORP devices, with a reduced risk of displacement due to its precise anatomical fitting. This study also suggests that the approach of contralateral imaging and individualised 3D printing enhances the customisation and accuracy of OCR procedures, potentially reducing operative time and improving long-term outcomes. Furthermore, the cost-effective nature of 3D printing makes this solution both clinically viable and scalable. This innovative technique holds promise for advancing OCR by providing a durable, patient-specific prosthetic option that enhances sound transmission and surgical success rates for patients with middle ear ossicular erosion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved alginate bio-ink by recombinant self-assembled cell-sized spider-silk inspired-biopolymer","authors":"Dean Robinson ,&nbsp;Miriam Gubelbank ,&nbsp;Ella Sklan ,&nbsp;Tali Tavor Re'em","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2025.e00387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alginate is a natural linear polysaccharide polymer that is extracted from brown seaweed. It is extensively used due to its biocompatibility, ease of handling in aqueous environments, and relatively low cost. Alginate easily forms a hydrogel when crosslinked with a bivalent ion such as calcium. However, alginate hydrogel exhibits low mechanical strength and is cell-inert, having no cell-matrix interactions. To address these limitations and enhance alginate's utility as a bioink for bioprinting, we developed a novel alginate matrix combined with spider- silk, known for its exceptional resilience, elasticity, and strength, as well as its capacity to facilitate cell attachment. The unique recombinant spider-silk biopolymer used in our study (SVX), is synthetically produced, and self-assembles into water-insoluble cell-sized particles that are limited by the cell size in the expression system. These are characterized by a sponge-like structure, and are both biocompatible and non-immunogenic.</div><div>Incorporating synthetic spider-silk into alginate significantly increased the hydrogel's viscosity and compression resilience compared to alginate alone. SVX-enriched alginate exhibited superior printability, characterized by a lower spreading ratio at reduced pressures that is favorable for cell printing. The SVX-enriched alginate also demonstrated higher consistency in spreading ratios across a range of setup conditions. Bioprinting of cells within the SVX-enriched alginate bioink resulted in more homogenous cultures with prolonged and higher cell viability, compared to the larger, more condensed spheroids with lower cell viability observed in alginate bioprinted constructs. These enhanced cell cultures in the SVX-enriched constructs can be attributed to the improved stability of the constructs as well as spider-silk-mediated cell adherence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An alginate-cellulose based bioink mimics the viscoelastic features of the melanoma microenvironment and its influence on cell cycle and invasion","authors":"Carolin Eckert ,&nbsp;Sonja Schmidt ,&nbsp;Jessica Faber ,&nbsp;Rainer Detsch ,&nbsp;Martin Vielreicher ,&nbsp;Zan Lamberger ,&nbsp;Philipp Stahlhut ,&nbsp;Evelin Sandor ,&nbsp;Tannaz Karimi ,&nbsp;Rafael Schmid ,&nbsp;Andreas Arkudas ,&nbsp;Oliver Friedrich ,&nbsp;Silvia Budday ,&nbsp;Gregor Lang ,&nbsp;Annika Kengelbach-Weigand ,&nbsp;Anja Bosserhoff","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2024.e00384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melanoma, an aggressive tumor from melanocytes, poses challenges despite recent therapeutic advances. Understanding molecular changes in its progression is crucial. Melanoma cells develop in the epidermis, then start spreading into the dermis– the first step of the invasive, progressive process. The dermis is composed of elastic (proteoglycans) and stabilizing (collagens) molecules. To overcome limitations of 2D-cell culture models, we established a 3D-bio-printed dermis model for the analysis of tumor cell features using a blend of alginate and microfibrillar cellulose. Testing different compositions in extrusion-based bioprinting confirmed good printability with high cell viability for AlgCell ink. Mechanical and optical analyses revealed dermis-like viscoelasticity and a pore size allowing nutrition supply and cell movement. We evaluated survival and proliferation of the cells and printed tumor spheroids and determined different migratory behavior comparing alginate to AlgCell. Interestingly, multiphoton microscopy revealed random cellulose fiber distribution around the spheroids after 7 days of cultivation with individual single cells, which had left the tumor spheroid and invaded into the microenvironment. Traditional 2D-models inadequately capture 3D mechanisms like invasion and migration. Our 3D-tumor model mimics the microenvironment, enabling in-depth analyses akin to <em>in vivo</em> conditions. This promises insights into tumor progression and testing of therapeutic interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article e00384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}