Bioprinting最新文献

{"title":"Neural bioprinting and regenerative neuroengineering: Integrating geometry, conductivity, and bioactivity towards translational repair","authors":"Sahil Khan ,&nbsp;Talha Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neural regeneration remains one of the most formidable challenges in regenerative medicine, especially within the central nervous system (CNS) wherein the functional recovery is significantly constrained by inhibitory microenvironments, limited intrinsic plasticity, and poor structural guidance. However, recent advancements in the field of neural bioprinting has enabled remarkable control over scaffold architecture, electromechanical properties, and composition, paving way for fabricating engineered constructs that actively direct neural repair. This review consolidates emerging progress in the field of neural bioprinting through a systems-level framework that integrates biological constraints with design principles governing geometry, electromechanical compliance, and electrophysiological coupling. We analyze how microchannel architectures, compliant and composite bioinks, and electroactive materials can be harnessed to promote optimal axonal alignment, synaptic integration, and coordinated network activity. While our review primarily focuses on CNS repair, where clinical needs and translational are the highest, we have discussed the principles underlying peripheral nervous system (PNS) regeneration as biological design templates that inform scaffold-guided repair strategies. Beyond fabrication strategies, we have also highlighted how neural bioprinting facilitates the spatiotemporal integration of cellular and acellular biologics, transforming growth factors, extracellular vesicles, and gene-based interventions into architecture-dependent therapeutic components. Finally, this review also addresses translational considerations, including manufacturing reproducibility, quality control, and regulatory readiness, and positions neural bioprinting as a convergent platform for advancing the field of regenerative neuroengineering from experimental systems towards clinical translation. This review aims to advance a design-driven framework that integrates biological constraints, biomaterial behavior, and fabrication strategies to delineate actionable principles for translational neural bioprinting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article e00476"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of open-source in situ photocrosslinking printhead attachments for extrusion bioprinting of hydrogel matrices","authors":"Angus Weekes ,&nbsp;Michael Stevenson ,&nbsp;Penelope De Gavelle De Roany ,&nbsp;Jingyi Wen ,&nbsp;Jordan W. Davern ,&nbsp;Travis J. Klein","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extrusion-based bioprinting is a well-established biofabrication technique, employed extensively in tissue engineering applications. While advances have been made in improving biomaterials and equipment for greater print fidelity, limitations in extrusion-based bioprinting of photocrosslinkable hydrogels in particular limit printability and construct stability. Thus, <em>in situ</em> photocrosslinking has been investigated for use of low viscosity, photocrosslinkable bioinks. This is achieved through application of target light of a specific wavelength to form crosslinked polymer networks during extrusion. Various <em>in situ</em> photocrosslinking studies have demonstrated the potential of this concept; however, the specificity and compatibility of these <em>in situ</em> photocrosslinking technologies remain unrefined, generally utilising bulk light exposure or bioprinting equipment not readily available within the field. Here, an <em>in situ</em> photocrosslinking system was developed for use with the commercially available BICO CELLINK BioX™ bioprinters when equipped with either standard or temperature controlled print heads. Utilising our open-source, customisable attachment system, available to users via GitHub, we produced high fidelity bioprinted constructs from various photocrosslinkable materials. Ultimately, we demonstrate the effectiveness of this open-source <em>in situ</em> photocrosslinking system for use with cell-laden hydrogel biomaterials, which exhibit improved print fidelity while maintaining high cell viability, validated with rheological characterisation and computational simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article e00473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioprinted heterogenous multistructured biomaterial with localized functionalization for the repair of complex tissue","authors":"Claire de Lartigue ,&nbsp;Sabine Kuchler-Bopp ,&nbsp;Aline Echalard ,&nbsp;Naïma Ahmed Omar ,&nbsp;Youri Arntz ,&nbsp;Vincent Fitzpatrick ,&nbsp;Florent Meyer ,&nbsp;Christophe Egles","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inherent complexity of cell arrangements and the diversity of tissues in the human body should be considered during the development of biomaterials. The recent emergence of multi-head printing techniques opened the possibilities to create heterogeneous scaffolds to repair or replace parts of the human body. For instance, additive manufacturing could be used to produce heterogenous materials composed of soft and hard layers, mimicking the structure of the tooth, as in this case study. Today, the gold standard for tooth replacement poorly replicates its structure, and 3D printing can better mimic its structure, allowing cell recolonization and helping tissue repair.</div><div>We used a homemade dual head extruder 3D printer to print two different inks made of silk polymers. The first one was combined with ceramic microparticles to create a shell, while the second one was a foam-like scaffold to form the soft core of the scaffold, recreating the core/shell architecture of a tooth. The materials demonstrated a good biocompatibility and bioactivity with fibroblasts and Dental Pulp Stem Cells which were able to proliferate within the structures. The functionalization of the foam with an antibacterial agent was successfully performed.</div><div>This study shows that a multi-head 3D printer can be used to create complex tissues with a heterogenous structure, in this case a non-cellularized shell surrounding a foam core cellularized with pulp stem cells. It opens the way for alternatives to a full tissue replacement by creating a patient-specific, biomimetic implant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article e00477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving alginate printability with alternative cationic pre-crosslinkers: strontium-based bioinks and their impact on bioprinted cartilaginous tissues","authors":"Olivia Steiner ,&nbsp;Jean-Philippe St-Pierre","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extrusion 3D bioprinting holds promise for a broad range of tissue engineering applications; however, the development of bioinks with optimal physical and biological properties remains an unmet challenge. Alginate is a commonly used bioink base polymer and is often prepared by pre-crosslinking with Ca²⁺ to ensure shape fidelity when printing. This study explores the use of alternative divalent cations as pre-crosslinking agents. Cations with high binding affinities to alginate are found to improve the printability of bioinks. In particular, Sr²⁺ pre-crosslinked bioinks support high cell viability and enhance the bioink's shape retention, while lowering the shear force required for flow, when compared to Ca²⁺. When evaluating printed constructs pre- and post-crosslinked with Sr²⁺ and Ca²⁺ in matched and mismatched combinations, it is determined that altering the pre-crosslinker influences the degradation rates and mechanical properties of constructs, as well as the responses of encapsulated cells. Analysis of cation retention finds that the pre-crosslinker is substantially replaced by the post-crosslinking agent, suggesting that the pre-crosslinking agent may impact the construct properties through effects that persist after substantial crosslinker substitution. The results of this study indicate that the choice of pre-crosslinker for alginate bioinks offers a simple method of tuning the properties of bioinks and bioprinted tissue constructs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article e00468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melt electrowriting for bone repair: A review of scaffold architectures and material selection","authors":"Reza Jangi,&nbsp;Ralf Zgeib,&nbsp;Ahmadreza Zaeri,&nbsp;Robert C. Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone regeneration presents a significant engineering challenge, necessitating the development of advanced scaffold fabrication techniques to provide mechanical support, guide cellular activity, and promote tissue integration. The design and fabrication of scaffolds play a crucial role in enhancing bone repair by offering tailored structural properties, controlled degradation rates, and optimized porosity for cell migration and vascularization. Various manufacturing methods, from traditional machining and molding to emergent additive manufacturing (AM) approaches, have been explored to create scaffolds with optimized mechanical properties and bioactivity. Among these, melt electrowriting (MEW) has emerged as a high-precision AM technique, offering unprecedented control over scaffold architecture at the microscale. Specifically, MEW enables the fabrication of scaffolds with fine-tuned fiber alignment, pore geometry, and hierarchical structures, making it a promising approach for engineering bone tissues. This review is the first to concurrently examine both architectural design and material selection in MEW-based bone scaffolds. We synthesize recent advancements in MEW-enabled scaffold architectures and biomaterials, emphasizing design strategies and material considerations. Key challenges and future directions are identified, with a focus on precision materials processing with translation to clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article e00474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and characterization of a low-cost in-situ viscosity measurement system for extrusion-based bioprinting","authors":"Ralf Zgeib ,&nbsp;Xiao Zhao ,&nbsp;Ahmadreza Zaeri ,&nbsp;Reza Jangi ,&nbsp;Fucheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Kai Cao ,&nbsp;Robert Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precise control of bioink viscosity is critical for extrusion-based bioprinting (EBB), yet rheological characterization is typically performed offline under controlled conditions that do not capture the nozzle-confined flow experienced during printing. Here, we present a fully open-source, low-cost <em>in-situ</em> (on-site) viscosity measurement system (IVMS) that acquires extrusion-force data directly at the printhead, providing process-relevant rheological insight during extrusion. A miniature S-beam load cell is integrated between the syringe plunger and the drive mechanism to record extrusion forces at 100 Hz. A custom LM358-based signal-conditioning board shifts the ±5 V sensor output to the Arduino-compatible 0-5 V range, while an offline MATLAB correction pipeline converts the acquired force to pressure and sequentially removes syringe friction losses, Bagley entrance effects, Mooney wall slip, and Rabinowitsch shear-rate distortion to reconstruct the true viscosity–shear-rate curve using Power-Law and Carreau–Yasuda models.</div><div>Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is used as the primary benchmarking material, with viscosity quantified across multiple flow rates (10¹–10³ s⁻¹), concentrations (5%, 7%, 10% w/v), and temperatures (25, 30, 37 °C) and validated against parallel-plate rheometry. To demonstrate broader applicability, the IVMS is further validated using a gelatin–alginate composite bioink and Laponite B, representing materials with distinct rheological behaviors. After correction, IVMS-derived viscosities showed strong agreement with parallel-plate rheometry and reproduced the expected trends with concentration and temperature. Friction and Bagley terms accounted for ∼90% of the pressure artefacts, while wall-slip and Rabinowitsch adjustments provided fine-scale refinement.</div><div>While viscosity reconstruction is currently performed offline, the IVMS complements conventional rheometry by enabling on-board, nozzle-confined viscosity estimation under printing-relevant conditions. The system's modular, printer-agnostic architecture supports integration into diverse extrusion-based bioprinting platforms and establishes a foundation for future real-time implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article e00475"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stimuli-responsive protein-based bioinks for 3D bioprinting: Preparation strategies and wound healing applications","authors":"Loganathan Prabavathi,&nbsp;Murali Ragul Richard,&nbsp;Rajendran Sharmila,&nbsp;Govindaraj Sabarees","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic wounds, including diabetic ulcers, venous leg ulcers, pressure sores, and severe burns, represent a persistent clinical challenge due to impaired healing, infection susceptibility, and limited regenerative outcomes. Conventional dressings and grafting approaches frequently fail to restore full skin function, necessitating advanced biofabrication strategies. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a versatile platform for constructing patient-specific scaffolds with controlled architecture, enabling precise integration of living cells, bioactive molecules, and functional biomaterials. Among available candidates, protein-based polymers such as collagen, gelatin, silk fibroin, keratin, elastin, albumin, casein, zein, and sericin have gained prominence as bioinks due to their extracellular matrix–mimetic properties and intrinsic bioactivity. This review critically examines protein-based bioinks for wound healing, emphasizing structure–function relationships, crosslinking strategies, and major 3D printing modalities including extrusion, stereolithography, digital light processing, selective laser sintering, binder jetting, material jetting, and laminated object manufacturing—and their impact on scaffold fidelity, mechanical performance, and cellular responses. Particular focus is placed on stimuli-responsive (“smart”) protein bioinks that dynamically respond to pH, temperature, redox conditions, light, or electrical cues to modulate pathological wound microenvironments. Functionalization approaches such as composite blending, controlled crosslinking, and incorporation of antimicrobial or pro-angiogenic agents are evaluated in the context of translational relevance. Finally, key challenges including reproducibility, mechanical robustness, and regulatory adaptation are discussed alongside emerging directions in adaptive biofabrication and biointegrated sensing. By integrating mechanistic insights with translational considerations, this review highlights the evolving role of protein-based and stimuli-responsive bioinks in advancing personalized wound care and regenerative medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article e00478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotational multimaterial bioprinting platform for embedded additive manufacturing applications","authors":"Asena G. Tatar ,&nbsp;M. Cahit Kulaç ,&nbsp;Çiğdem Bilici ,&nbsp;Bahattin Koç","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multimaterial bioprinting approach is an essential technique to fabricate multi-layered complex tissue structures by enabling the extrusion of two or more bioinks in a single bioprinting process. However, recent methods have some drawbacks such as prolonged printing times and poor interfacial integration between adjacent layers. While simultaneous multimaterial bioprinting allows for the concurrent extrusion of multiple bioinks, several studies have highlighted the difficulty of developing toolpaths that are properly synchronized with the nozzle alignment. In this study, we present a novel rotational coaxial multimaterial bioprinting platform capable of simultaneously extruding two distinct inks through a dual microcapillary nozzle for the fabrication of multi-layered structures. This platform promotes effective fusion between adjacent layers while preventing undesirable cross-diffusion or mixing of the inks. Response surface methodology (RSM) analysis was applied to evaluate the performance of the bioprinting platform and to investigate the printing parameters. The developed rotational coaxial multimaterial bioprinting platform successfully fabricated multimaterial tubular structures with different diameters and complex shapes, thereby demonstrating significant potential for advanced multimaterial biofabrication applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article e00469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of electrospinning and 3D bioprinting for fibrous tissue manufacturing","authors":"Moein Zarei ,&nbsp;Ayda Pourmostafa ,&nbsp;Amirhossein Moghanian ,&nbsp;Amir K. Miri","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrospinning has been established for generating nanofibrous scaffolds that structurally mimic the native extracellular matrix (ECM). Biomimetic electrospun fibers can be used for cell culture, drug delivery, and wound healing. This review surveys the current electrospinning methodologies, focusing on solvent-free and multi-nozzle techniques. We analyze key operational and material parameters that dictate the functional properties of the resulting nanofiber constructs. We establish a correlation between these electrospinning parameters and existing bioprinting methodologies, identifying specific integration points to enhance the biological performance of electrospun scaffolds. We detail the pivotal bioprinting parameters required for successful scaffold integration and subsequent biofabrication. This manuscript offers a roadmap for selecting bioinks and cell compositions to optimize outcomes in engineered tissue constructs and implants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article e00470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioprinted spheroid-based liver equivalents: functionality and applicability in assessing pharmacodymanics","authors":"Anastasia I. Ivleva ,&nbsp;Polina Yu Bikmulina ,&nbsp;Valentin A. Brumberg ,&nbsp;Alexey L. Fayzullin ,&nbsp;Zahra Heydari ,&nbsp;Artem M. Mozherov ,&nbsp;Dmitry P. Krylov ,&nbsp;Daria S. Kuznetsova ,&nbsp;Frederico David Alencar de Sena Pereira ,&nbsp;Anna B. Solovieva ,&nbsp;Andrey A. Svistunov ,&nbsp;Massoud Vosough ,&nbsp;Anastasia I. Shpichka ,&nbsp;Peter S. Timashev","doi":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bprint.2026.e00467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of advanced <em>in vitro</em> liver models is essential for enhancing drug testing methodologies. Bioprinting technology offers standardization, scalability, and physiological relevance. In this study, we present a functional liver model based on multicellular spheroids (HepG2/HUVECs/MSCs) using extrusion bioprinting. Over 21 days, the bioprinted constructs demonstrated significantly enhanced cellular growth, vascular-like sprouting, metabolic activity and proliferation capacity. Importantly, bioprinted culture exhibited a 4-fold increase in metabolic activity and twice as low necrotic core diameter along with a 6-fold CYP3A4 induction. The model also showed a more physiological, dose-dependent response to hepatotoxic drugs (acetaminophen, diclofenac) and anti-tumor drugs, with significantly reduced cell viability (e.g., ∼50% at 25 mM acetaminophen compared to spheroid culture (∼70%)). Collectively, these findings suggest the potential of this multicellular bioprinted liver model for developing a standardized yet effective scalable platform for pharmacological and toxicological applications that incorporates interactions among various cell types to better mimic native liver tissue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37770,"journal":{"name":"Bioprinting","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article e00467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}