BMC Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Utilization and associated factors of growth monitoring and promotion services among young children in Gorkha district of Nepal.","authors":"Jagat Prasad Upadhyay, Damaru Prasad Paneru, Yam Prasad Sharma, Nava Raj Khadka","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00978-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00978-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Promotion of child health during the first thousand days from conception to the child's second birthday is vital for survival, growth and development. Growth monitoring and promotion services are key to the early detection of growth faltering and preventing malnutrition and promoting child health. This study aimed to assess the utilization of Growth Monitoring and Promotion (GMP) services and its associated factors among young children in Gorkha district of Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gorkha district, involving 290 mother-child pairs, from April 2024 to June 2024. Multistage random sampling was used to select mothers. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics involving multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with GMP service utilization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 5.5% of children had completed the recommended 24 GMP visits according to protocol, while 23.8% utilized GMP services more than 15 times, which represents the 75th percentile of service utilization. Mothers who had good knowledge had significantly higher (adjusted OR = 4.23, 95% CI: 2.070-8.650, p < 0.001) GMP service utilization among their children than those counterpart mothers with poor knowledge about the GMP services. The main reasons for not regular utilizing GMP services included the time constraints and their household responsibilities (85%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reported the low utilization of GMP services among children in Gorkha district. Maternal knowledge on GMP service emerged as the primary predictor of GMP service utilization and maternal engagement in the household activities explores as a leading barrier to GMP service utilization. Enhancing maternal knowledge through community engagement strategies and improving the monitoring mechanism within the health systems could increase GMP utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11660977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A maternal sweet diet is associated with the gut dysbiosis in the first trimester of pregnancy.","authors":"Navid Momeni, Seyedeh Neda Mousavi, Hossein Chiti, Siamak Heidarzadeh","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00972-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00972-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The composition of maternal gut phylum in each trimester of pregnancy has been associated with fetal development, separately. Diet is a main effective factor on the gut composition of phylum. However, associations between dietary glycemic index (GI), load (GL) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) not studied with the gut population of phylum in mothers at the first trimester of pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Ninety healthy pregnant women aged 18-40 yrs, in the first trimester, were participated. Stool samples were gathered in a fasting state. Population of dominant phylum was determined after DNA extraction based on the 16SrRNA expression, as a housekeeping gene. Dietary intake was collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire and dietary indices were computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Proteobacteria population was significantly higher in the gut of pregnant mothers than the other phylum (p < 0.001). Participants in the highest level of dietary GI had lower Bacteroidetes (p < 0.001) and Actinobacteria (p = 0.04) in their gut compared to the lowest level. Participants in the lowest level of dietary GL had higher Bacteroidetes (p < 0.001) and lower proteobacteria (p = 0.04) in their gut than the highest level. Dietary selenium showed a significant negative effect on the Firmicutes (p = 0.04) and Proteobacteria (p = 0.04), however positively affected the Actinobacteria (p = 0.01) population. Dietary zinc and manganese showed a negative effect on the Firmicutes population (p = 0.01 and p = 0.003). Zinc and vitamin E showed a negative effect on the Proteobacteria population (p = 0.04 and p = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A maternal diet with high GI and GL have been associated with the gut dysbiosis, however dietary intake of selenium, zinc, manganese and vitamin E act in favor of the intestinal eubiosis in the first trimester of pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11657500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exclusive breastfeeding: an exploratory thematic analysis of the perspectives of breastfeeding mothers and significant others in the Tamale metropolis of Northern Ghana.","authors":"Rafatu Tahiru, Mary Amoako, Charles Apprey","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00973-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00973-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Exclusive breastfeeding is widely recognized as the optimal way to feed infants due to its numerous health benefits for both the child and the mother. Despite its advantages, Ghana is still far from attaining World Health Organization (WHO) recommended rates. This study is aimed at exploring the knowledge attitude and practices, where the practices hinged on facilitators, barriers, and sociocultural perspectives of breastfeeding mothers and significant others on exclusive breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed an ethnographic thematic analysis framed by the socioecological model (SEM). Thematic analysis was paired with focus group discussions (FGDs). The study participants were recruited purposively by employing a snowball sampling technique with the assistance of community health volunteers. Three (3) FGDs were formed, with 10 participants in each group, to gather perspectives from breastfeeding mothers and significant others (partners and grandmothers) in three communities with Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) compounds within the Tamale metropolis. With an interview guide, all FGDs were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and translated from local dialects to English. The emerging themes were used in writing a narrative account, guided by the principles of thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study identified three thematic areas: knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF); attitudes toward EBF and practices of EBF (facilitators, barriers, and sociocultural practices). There was some knowledge disparity among lactating mothers despite the overall high knowledge and subpar attitudes of some mothers. The practice of exclusive breastfeeding was substandard. The major hindrances identified were cultural barriers propagated by partners/husbands and grandmothers; the belief that the weather here does not support EBF; and the need for spiritual herbs in infancy. Supportive healthcare providers helped increase the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Some support also came from partners and husbands, and some mothers showed unique positive behaviors by exclusively breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that while exclusive breastfeeding education has been ongoing for decades, sociocultural norms still influence mothers to deviate from WHO recommendations. Public education is recommended to dispel misconceptions surrounding exclusive breastfeeding, develop a food galactagogue to help with breastmilk volumes and create a supportive environment that empowers mothers and families to make informed choices that optimize the health and well-being of both infants and mothers.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11657459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a tool to assess the compliance of cafeteria menus with the Mediterranean Diet.","authors":"S S Silva, A Rocha, L Ferreira, B Neto, D Dikmen, S Vidacek Filipec, Z Satalic, C Viegas","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00975-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00975-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been considered one of the healthiest dietary patterns, and an excellent model of sustainability. Higher Education food services present an excellent scenario to encourage students healthy eating habits and modulate food choices. The purpose of this work was to develop an index to evaluate MD compliance with cafeteria menus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three major axes were considered: MD key points, existing indexes on individual adherence to the MD and, existing indexes on menu assessment. The index includes four levels: (I) assesses the availability (IA), variety and frequency (IB) of food; (II) evaluates menu's nutritional quality; (III) assesses the menu's quality through information provided in the dishes' technical specifications and (IV) allows a more detailed evaluation through on-site visits and documentation consultation. The components receive a score between - 2 and 3, according to the given answers. The final score may vary between - 33.5 and 41.5 points depending on the degree of compliance with the MD key points. The index was applied to 60 menus from different contexts using complete assessments of each menu, performed independently by 3 researchers, using the same pre-prepared Microsoft Excel^® spreadsheet. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using Cohen's Kappa and internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Assessment for level I) returned a Cohen's Kappa coefficient of 0.92 (p < 0.05) and a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.88. Dimension I is mostly influenced by subdimension IB (r = 0,97). The availability of non-starchy vegetables and fresh fruits has a stronger correlation with IA (availability of foods), and higher availability of fish, pulses and fruit has a strong positive correlation with IB (variety and frequency of foods).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Researchers believe that the index is a useful tool to assess compliance of menus to the MD and help identify the key points that need to be addressed and improved in cafeterias.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11656561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimum dietary diversity behaviour among children aged 6 to 24 months and their determinants: insights from 31 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries.","authors":"Heavenlight A Paulo, John Andrew, Pankras Luoga, Huda Omary, Suleiman Chombo, Jackline Vicent Mbishi, Isaac Y Addo","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00967-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00967-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Feeding practices during infancy have a significant impact on a child's cognitive development and long-term health outcomes. Dietary diversity guidelines from the WHO and UNICEF recommend a diverse range of foods for children aged below 24 months for their optimal growth and development. However, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), little is known about the extent to which dietary diversity behaviour in children aged 6 to 24 months aligns with the recommendations and the factors associated with the differentials in dietary behaviour. This study aimed to fill this gap.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed an analytical cross-sectional approach, drawing on recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from 31 SSA countries. The study included a weighted sample of 44,071 children aged between 6 and 24 months, and their respective mothers aged 15-49 years. The primary outcome was Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) categorised per WHO recommendation. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association of MDD with demographic and socio-economic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled MDD intake among children aged 6-24 months in SSA was 11% ranging from as low as 1.3% in Burkina Faso to 32.9% in South Africa. Children of mothers aged 45-49 years had 52% significant higher likelihood of MDD compared to those aged 15-19 years (AOR = 1.52, 95% CI:1.03, 2.24). Higher maternal education levels also increased MDD odds in the children: 22% higher for mothers who had attained secondary education (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI:1.07, 1.39), and 36% higher for those with education beyond secondary level (AOR = 1.36, 95% CI:1.09, 1.71) compared to no education. Children of rich mothers had 44% higher odds of MDD than those with poor mothers (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI:1.27, 1.62). Increased antenatal visits, and urban residence also contributed to higher MDD odds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the current global estimate of approximately 28% MDD rate, the reported 11% MDD intake among children in this study is relatively low. There is a positive association between MDD intake in children and several factors, including maternal education, antenatal visits, wealth index, and residency. These findings highlight the need for policymakers and other stakeholders to give urgent attention to empowering parents to ensure adequate nutrient intake among children for better child growth and development.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11656542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The feasibility of using the application developed to operationalize the Global Diet Quality Score in Ethiopia.","authors":"Yonas Taffesse Asrat, Mourad Moursi, Marieke Vossenaar, Megan Deitchler, Abdulaziz Omare","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00965-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00965-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) application is an electronic data collection tool developed to provide a standard, easy-to-use method for collecting low-cost, time-relevant data on diet quality.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the feasibility and ease-of-use of the GDQS application and associated set of 3D cubes used as visual aids to assist the respondent with estimating amounts consumed at the food group level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in August 2021 in two regions of Ethiopia with varied dietary practices. Face-to-face interviews were conducted in Amharic and Somali by 10 enumerators among 120 women to collect dietary data using the GDQS application. Feedback on each completed interview was collected from both the respondent and enumerator. Enumerators also participated in focus group discussions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Enumerators rated the GDQS application as easy to use after 85.8% of the interviews completed. They identified the automatic provision of food-specific probes to guide the interview, the automatic classification of reported foods, beverages, and ingredients into the corresponding GDQS food groups, and the ability to work offline as the main advantages of the application. Most respondents (78.3%) did not find it difficult to choose the cube that corresponded to the amount of each food group they reported consuming. Respondents' feedback on the open recall of all foods, beverages and mixed dishes consumed the previous day and the use of 3D cubes was mostly positive.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that the GDQS application and cubes were easy to use and feasible for collecting data on diet quality in a low-income country setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11657499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of a short-term high-fat diet on coagulation function in a mouse model and its role in exacerbating concanavalin A-induced liver injury.","authors":"Eri Nanizawa, Yuki Tamaki, Tomiko Yakura, Shun Otsuka, Naoyuki Hatayama, Munekazu Naito","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00966-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00966-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recently, the number of patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its more advanced condition, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), has been increasing. These patients are at a higher risk of cardiovascular events and thromboembolism. However, the direct impact of high-fat diet (HFD), a cause of MASLD, on liver coagulation function is not well understood. Previously, we demonstrated that a short-term, 4-day intake of a HFD exacerbates concanavalin A (Con A)-induced acute liver injury in mice by promoting coagulation and inflammation. This model demonstrates that the liver exposed to a short-term HFD is vulnerable even before disease onset. In this study, using this model, we elucidated the detailed mechanisms by which short-term HFD intake promotes coagulation, considering primary and secondary hemostasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL/6 mice normally fed a normal diet (ND) were subjected to a HFD for 4 days. Liver tissue and blood samples were collected before and 4 and 24 h after Con A administration. Histological analysis, flow cytometry for platelet analysis, and blood coagulation tests related to secondary hemostasis were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Even with short-term consumption of a HFD alone, platelet and fibrinogen levels increased in the peripheral blood and liver. Additionally, when Con A was administered to mice on a short-term HFD, an increase in P-selectin expression was observed in the liver, with no upregulation in peripheral blood platelets. Furthermore, in mice subjected to a short-term HFD and treated with Con A, prolonged prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consuming a HFD in short-term can enhance primary and secondary hemostasis, thereby increasing the risk of thrombosis. These conditions are presumed to be a risk factor that exacerbates Con A-induced liver injury. The findings provide insight into early intervention strategies for chronic liver diseases, such as MASLD and MASH.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11654324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sibling gender dynamics and childhood stunting in Ghana.","authors":"Peter Annor Mensah, Ruth Tobi Sawyerr, Aaron Kobina Christian","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00969-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00969-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stunting remains a public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the evolving awareness of the effect of family composition on child health outcomes, the influence of sibling gender on stunting has seldom been consistent. The current study investigated the association between sibling composition and stunting among children under five years in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study utilized data from the most recent Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS 2022), focusing on 5416 mother-child dyads. Stunting prevalence was assessed through descriptive analysis, while logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the association between sibling composition and identify other risk factors associated with stunting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of stunting among children under five years of age was 18%. It was observed from the male sex-stratified model that having male siblings and having a combination of male and female siblings increased male children's odds of being stunted. In contrast, having siblings of either gender or having a combination of male and female siblings may not pose any stunting threats to female children as observed in the female sex-stratified model. Furthermore, being a male child (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.90) and never being breastfed (OR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.31, 3.21) increased children's likelihood of stunting.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study concludes that the extra nutrients boys require for healthy growth and development may increase their competition for nutrients, especially in households with limited resource. Parents and guardians are advised to be consciously aware of the subtle and apparent competition between male children and take appropriate measures to prevent children's deprivation of nutrition by their male siblings.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11622594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception of diet, dietary practices and sources of dietary information among people with type 2 diabetes followed up at a tertiary care outpatient clinic: a qualitative study.","authors":"Hasitha Damayanthi, Ravihansi Hasinthara Kokawalage, Dumitha Govindapala, Nipun Lakshitha de Silva","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00968-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00968-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary practices and beliefs among people living with diabetes in low-middle-income South-Asian countries are unique. Understanding them is paramount in supporting them to improve their clinical outcomes. This study aimed to understand the perception of diet, dietary practices, and sources of dietary information among Sri Lankan adults with type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted with the participation of adults with type 2 diabetes attending a Medical Clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. Eligible participants were recruited between June to October 2022 through convenience sampling. FGDs were facilitated by two researchers using a semi-structured discussion guide developed for this study. Abridged transcripts were formulated using the notes and audio recordings. Data were analysed using Braun and Clarke's six-step method for thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 38 participants included in five FGDs, the mean age was 59.9 (range: 39-76) years, 27 (71.1%) were females, and mean duration since the diagnosis of diabetes was 9.4 (range: 0-25) years. Five main themes were identified. (1) Diet in diabetes and composition of the meal; participants were aware of the importance of diet in diabetes and understood a healthy meal including the plate concept. (2) Individual components in the diet; many participants used 'sugar' to refer to 'starch' in the food. Participants considered rice superior to wheat flour-based products in diabetes. Finger millet products were believed to lower blood glucose. We observed beliefs on the glycaemic effects of specific varieties of yams, legumes and fruits. Some participants completely avoided sweets and starchy vegetables. (3) Utilisation of food labels; only a few participants referred to food labels. (4) Factors affecting the practice; external factors such as the recent economic crisis, family members' influence, and availability affected their food choices. (5) Sources of information; some felt that ready access to information was limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified several misconceptions and undue dietary restrictions, minimal utilisation of food labels and information sources, and the impact of several external factors including economic restrictions. Understanding these dynamic patient and social factors would enable culturally acceptable dietary interventions by health professionals to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11619095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uptake of preventive nutrition interventions among caretakers of children under 5 years in a pastoral setting of South Sudan.","authors":"Walter Nehemiah Baluku, Barbara Eva Kirunda Tabusibwa, Ronald Wasswa, Shishay Tsadik, Stella Guwoly Henry, Geoffrey Babughirana, Rornald Muhumuza Kananura","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00963-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00963-6","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Preventive nutrition interventions (PNI) are usually implemented without understanding how multilevel factors affect uptake. Undernutrition is defined as inadequate intake of nutritious foods. Pastoral populations in conflict settings are seen to have low uptake. The study assessed the level and multiple factors influencing the uptake of PNI in caregivers of under 5 in Kapoeta South County of South Sudan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A quantitative approach was employed with an element of a qualitative in a socio-ecological framework. A total of 405 caretakers of CU5 were selected to respond to quantitative household interviews, while qualitative data was collected using KIIs. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires, which were used to attain quantitative data. The data collected through the method of KII were of qualitative type. Using deductive thematic analysis approach, the quantitative data were coded into personal, interpersonal, and community-level factors, and the analysis was done using STATA software version 16. A technique for constructing the uptake level as low, medium, or high was factor analysis. With the result of the binary logistic regression to determine association. Furthermore, semi-structured KIIs were conducted and the qualitative information analyzed thematically to elaborate on the quantitative results.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;The uptake level of the Preventive Nutrition Interventions (PNIs) was low at 51. 4%. In the socioecological system, facilitators and barriers related to this uptake differed across the benchmarks of that model. At the community level however, lack of a health facility within the community (OR = 1. 63, C. I. = 1. 02-2. 59) and the time taken before one can access a health facility (OR = 1. 70, C. I = 1. 30-2. 23) showed that accessibility could encourage uptake of PNIs. In the interpersonal dimension, joint decision makers at the family level (OR = 0. 31, C. I = 0. 19-0. 50) had higher uptake. Three factors at the individual level revealed that low uptake was inversely related to caregivers' knowledge of PNIs (OR = 0. 16, C. I. = 0. 10-0. 25), but positively related to having an undernourished child (OR = 2. 59, C. I. = 1. 73-3. 89), as well as number of children in the household (OR = 0. 40, C. I. = 0. 26). KIIs validate that undernutrition and practical issues were the main determinant of PNI uptake.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study found that caretakers of children under 5 years reported low knowledge of and uptake to preventive nutrition interventions (PNIs) among the pastoral population in South Sudan. Based on the proposed socioecological model, we recommend that PNI approaches need to target multiple levels. At the community level, the focus is on improving access to health facilities and reducing the travel time to these facilities. Another way to increase intervention uptake is to improve spousal-supported joint dec","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11613845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}