BMC Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Elevated risk of possible sarcopenia and weak muscle strength with higher dietary inflammatory index in Iranian breast cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Kianaz Shirinyfard Pilehrood, Gholamreza Askari, Mehran Sharifi, Mehdi Kargarfard, Sahar Saraf-Bank","doi":"10.1186/s40795-025-00992-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-025-00992-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increased levels of inflammation in cancer patients and survivors can make them more prone to muscle wasting and sarcopenia. Diet can be an appropriate treatment for alleviating patient complications. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the association between sarcopenia and its components with the dietary inflammatory index (DII) among breast cancer survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 223 female breast cancer survivors were included in this research at the Cancer Prevention Research Center of Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital and the Iranian Cancer Control Charity Institute (MACSA). Forty-three items of dietary inflammatory index (DII) were extracted from the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Sarcopenia detection was performed according to the Asian criteria. The linear and binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between sarcopenia and its components with DII.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in the highest DII quartile had significantly elevated risk of impaired hand grip strength and calf circumference in both crude and adjusted models. Moreover, individuals consuming a more pro-inflammatory diet displayed a greater risk of abnormal appendicular skeletal muscle index in the crude model. After controlling for potential confounders, participants in the top quartile of DII had a 2.992-fold greater risk of possible sarcopenia than those in the bottom quartile (P value = 0.035). In addition, a decreasing linear trend was observed between higher DII score and 0.059 and 0.349- units lower in appendicular skeletal muscle mass index and hand grip strength variables in the crude Model (P-value < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diets with more pro-inflammatory features might be associated with increased risk of possible sarcopenia, as well as its components especially muscle mass and strength in women recovering from breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"11 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11721246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142955933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food security and its impact on growth among Sri Lankan children under five during the economic crisis in 2022.","authors":"Dilini Vipulaguna, Harendra de Silva, Jagath Ranasinghe, Gitanjali Sathiadas, Gayan Udara Sampath, Amali Dalpatadu, Prasad Chathurangana, Maheeka Seneviwickrama, Guwani Liyanage","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00979-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-024-00979-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recent economic recession has reportedly worsened food insecurity in Sri Lanka. We assessed food insecurity and its impact on the growth of children aged 6-59 months through a community-based, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in 2022. Food insecurity was measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, and anthropometric measurements (weight, length/height) were taken using standard techniques. Weight faltering was defined as inadequate or no weight gain (flattening) or a drop in weight gain, based on the trajectory of the weight curve over two points six months apart. Additionally, food insecurity, stunting, and wasting during crisis were compared with pre-crisis data. The study included 832 children, with half of the households experiencing moderate to severe food insecurity. One-fifth of the children showed growth faltering during the crisis, and 8.9% of those with growth faltering crossed one centile line (0.67 SD). Among children facing food insecurity, the rate of growth faltering had doubled, with the residential sector (i.e., estate) tripling the risk of weight faltering. The rates of food insecurity and growth issues were notably higher during the crisis compared to pre-crisis data. This study highlights the worsening food insecurity and its significant impact on growth faltering in children under five during the 2022 economic recession.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"11 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11707926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of kefir drink on liver aminotransferases and metabolic indicators in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Farzaneh Mohammadi, Nadia Razmjooei, Mohammad Ali Mohsenpour, Mohammad Ali Nejati, Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari, Najmeh Hejazi","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00989-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-024-00989-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Probiotics play an important role in the control and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Kefir drink is a fermented beverage and has indicated some beneficial health effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of kefir drink on liver aminotransferases, anthropometric indices, glycemic index, lipid profile, blood pressure (BP), high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and malondialdehyde in patients with NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In an 8-week randomized clinical trial, 80 patients with NAFLD were randomized into two groups of 40. After a 2-week run-in period, the groups received a dietary plan and dietary plan plus a cup of kefir drink twice a day (500 cc/d), respectively. Also, demographic, anthropometric, laboratory, BP, dietary intake, and physical activity assessments were analyzed before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At last, seventy-two participants completed the study. No significant difference in changes in BP, anthropometric indices, and laboratory data (P > 0.05) except HDL-C (P = 0.02) and fat-free mass (P < 0.001) was observed between the two study groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results, Drinking 500 cc/d kefir beverage had no significant effect on liver aminotransferases and metabolic indicators, except for HDL-C and fat-free mass in patients with NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>IRCT20170916036204N6 (2018/08/03).</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"11 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11707863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary habits and weight change during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among the Egyptian population.","authors":"Samar Abd ElHafeez, Yasmine Amr Issa, Samar Tharwat, Ahmed Yahia Elmowafy, Karem Mohamed Salem, Noha Gaber Amin, Mohammed Kamal Nassar, Ramy Ghazy Mohamed","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00977-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-024-00977-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pandemic of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has a profound influence on the health of the population. This study aimed to assess the weight changes and its relation to the dietary habits and physical activity among adult Egyptian population during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted using anonymous online questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed across Egypt via community-based networks, social and institutional emailing lists, and professional organizations to collect data on sociodemographic, clinical history, dietary and lifestyle habits, physical activity, anthropometric measurements, and stressing factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study participants (n = 1000) had a median (interquartile range) age of 34.0 (23.0-40.0) years, with 18.7% males, 96.6% having university or postgraduate education. Among them, 69.1% reported weight gain, 21.3% no change, and 9.6% weight loss. Weight loss was predicted by following COVID-19 pandemic reports daily [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.50 (95% CI, 0.27-0.93), p = 0.03], monthly income change [AOR = 2.52 (95% CI, 1.51-4.22), p < 0.001], starting antidepressants [AOR = 3.57 (95% CI, 1.08-11.76), p = 0.03], and increase in social media use [AOR = 1.81 (95% CI, 1.05-3.13), p = 0.03]. Weight gain was predicted by starting a diet during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic [AOR = 1.57 (95% CI, 1.11-2.21), p = 0.01], physical activity during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic [AOR = 0.49 (95% CI, 0.35-0.69), p < 0.001], and unhealthy food intake [AOR = 0.40 (95% CI, 0.28-0.57), p < 0.001] CONCLUSIONS: More intervention programs aiming to improve dietary habits and increase physical activity should be rapidly implemented to reduce the consequences of the pandemic on the Egyptians to keep healthy weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"11 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11708106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chili pepper consumption and duration of fissure symptoms onset are associated with perianal fistula development among patients with anal fissure: a case-control study.","authors":"Khadije Gorgi, Zahra Ghanbarzadegan, Ali Reza Safarpour, Sara Shojaei-Zarghani, Seyed Vahid Hosseini","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00986-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00986-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Perianal fistula is one of the complications of deepened anal fissure. The present case-control study aimed to assess the risk factors of fissure-associated fistulas due to the limited available evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with fissure-associated fistulas were considered as case, and patients with anal fissure who were undergoing medical treatment without any previous anorectal surgeries were considered as control group. Data were collected through medical records or by directly contacting patients. Risk factors of fissure-associated fistulas were assessed using a multivariable logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The current study included 119 patients, consisting of 54 cases and 65 controls. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of demographic characteristics. Our analyses revealed that chili pepper consumption (odds ratio [OR] = 2.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-8.31, P-value = 0.039) and the duration of fissure symptoms (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00-1.05, P-value = 0.035) were associated with perianal fistula in patients with fissure, after adjusting for age and sex as potential covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An independent association was found between chili pepper consumption as well as the duration of fissure symptoms onset with an increased odds of perianal fistula in patients with fissures. Therefore, limiting chili consumption and early management of fissure symptoms are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11689562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption of vitamin A-rich foods among lactating mothers in Girawa district, Eastern Ethiopia.","authors":"Nejib Ahmedteyib Adem, Haymanot Mezmur, Mohammed Jemal, Dawit Firdisa, Berhe Gebremichael","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00985-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00985-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inadequate consumption of vitamin A during lactation significantly increases the risk of vitamin A deficiency disorders. However, there is scarce evidence on the consumption status of vitamin A-rich foods among lactating mothers in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of inadequate consumption of vitamin A-rich foods and associated factors among lactating mothers visiting public health facilities for child immunization and postnatal care in Girawa District, Eastern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A facility-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 418 lactating mothers who visited public health facilities for child immunization and postnatal care in the Girawa district from January 20 to February 20, 2023. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was utilized to collect the data. The data were entered into EpiData version 4.6 and exported to STATA version 17 for analysis. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with inadequate consumption of vitamin A-rich foods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The magnitude of inadequate consumption of vitamin A-rich foods was 88.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 85-92). A family size ≥ 4 (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.73, 95% CI = 1.18-6.33), low dietary diversity (AOR = 3.44, 95% CI = 1.36-8.70), household food insecurity (AOR = 3.66, 95% CI = 1.43-9.38) and having < 4 antenatal care (ANC) visits (AOR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.10-7.06) were significantly associated with inadequate consumption of vitamin A-rich foods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nearly nine in ten mothers had inadequate intake of vitamin A-rich foods. High family size, low dietary diversity, household food insecurity and fewer ANC follow-up visits were the factors significantly associated with inadequate consumption of vitamin A-rich foods. Therefore, public health measures should focus on family planning, ANC, food security and nutritional counseling/education to improve the consumption of vitamin A-rich foods by lactating mothers.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between healthy eating index and Mediterranean diet adherence score with inflammatory indices and disease severity: a case-control study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.","authors":"Reihaneh Mousavi, Somayeh Rostami, Saba Shourideh Yazdi, Akram Kooshki, Elaheh Foroumandi","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00983-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00983-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent studies have focused on the connection between nutrition, inflammation, and infectious diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the Mediterranean diet adherence score (MDS) and the healthy eating index (HEI) with some clinical findings of patients with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study was conducted in 29 Bahman hospital of Tabriz, Iran, from June to December 2022. Totally, 300 individuals (150 patients with COVID-19 as cases and 150 subjects who had not affected by COVID-19 as controls) was selected using convenience random sampling method to participate in the study. The 138-items food frequency questionnaire-derived dietary data were applied to compute HEI and MDS. Serum levels of BUN, creatinine and inflammatory markers including the Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both the HEI and MDS of case group was significantly lower than control group (p < 0.001). The MDS was negatively associated with hospitalization duration (R=-0.209, P < 0.001) and serum ESR level (R=-0.420, P < 0.001). A negative relationship was also seen between ESR level and HEI (R=-0.13, P = 0.017).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is concluded that higher MDS and HEI contribute to lower inflammatory markers and then diminished risk of covid-19 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant food consumption and emotional well-being: the Helsinki Health Study among 19-39-year-old employees.","authors":"Elina Mauramo, Tea Lallukka, Noora Kanerva, Jatta Salmela","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00981-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00981-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and mental health have been observed, but studies comparing different types of plant foods are sparse. This study among Finnish municipal employees examined associations of the consumption of a range of different plant foods with emotional well-being (EWB).</p><p><strong>Data and methods: </strong>We used survey data from the Helsinki Health Study conducted in 2017 among 19-39-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland (N = 5898, response rate 51.5%, 80% women). Consumption of plant foods, including fruit, berries, fresh and cooked vegetables and wholegrain bread, was measured by a food frequency questionnaire and dichotomised into daily/non-daily consumption. The EWB scale of the RAND-36 questionnaire was dichotomised, with the lowest quartile indicating 'poor EWB' and the three higher quartiles indicating 'good EWB'. We used logistic regression for analysing the associations between plant food consumption and EWB. Analyses were sex-stratified and age, socioeconomic circumstances and psychosocial working conditions were adjusted for.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence of daily consumption of plant foods varied from 25% for berries and cooked vegetables to 70% for fresh vegetables. Daily consumption was associated with good EWB among both women and men. The strongest age-adjusted association was found for fresh vegetables, with women (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.27-1.74) and men (OR 1.86, CI 1.37-2.52) with daily consumption having clearly higher odds of good EWB compared to non-daily consumers. Associations slightly attenuated but mostly remained after adjusting for socioeconomic circumstances and working conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>More frequent plant food consumption was associated with good EWB. Thus, the results support the need for interventions that investigate whether the promotion of plant food consumption could show potential mental health benefits among employees.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of specific symbiotic supplements on anthropometric measurements, glycaemic control, and lipid profiles among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in two teaching hospitals in Baghdad/Iraq: a double-blinded, randomised placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Sarah Hayder Ali Zalzala, Ban Abdul-Ridha Salman Al-Hashimi, Zahraa Hayder Ali Zalzala, Khalid Saeed Fahad","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00976-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00976-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Experimental and clinical studies have suggested that symbiotics might effectively manage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by modulating the intestinal microbiota. However, these studies' limited sources, small sample sizes, and varied study designs have led to inconsistent outcomes regarding glycaemic control. This study aimed to investigate the effects of symbiotics on the anthropometric measures, glycaemic control, and lipid profiles of patients with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel clinical trial was conducted at two diabetes outpatient clinics. The main researcher and participants were blinded to the capsule content throughout the study. Sixty-six patients with T2DM aged 30-75 years were randomly allocated, using even and odd numbers, into two equal groups. These groups received either symbiotic capsules containing 200 million colony-forming units plus fructo-oligosaccharide or a placebo for 12 weeks. The primary objective was a decrement in glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c]. The patients' anthropometric measures, fasting blood sugar, high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], total serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels were also assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention. Non-parametric tests were used for statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within-group analysis revealed significant decreases in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (P = 0.005 and 0.023, respectively) and a significant increase in HDL levels in the symbiotic group (P = 0.04). HbA1c levels significantly increased in the placebo group (P = 0.016) but were not significantly reduced in the symbiotic group. The between-group analysis revealed significantly lower fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels in the symbiotic group, and higher in the placebo group (P = 0.02). No significant changes existed in total serum cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels in either the symbiotic or placebo group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Symbiotics improve BMI, waist circumference, HDL, and FBS levels and prevent the worsening of HbA1c levels in patients with T2DM. Our preliminary results indicate the potential benefits of symbiotics in patients with T2DM, which may lead to better diabetes control. However, this evidence requires further assessment in larger trials.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The trial was registered retrospectively at the International Standard Registered Clinical/Social Study Number Registry (ISRCTN34652973) on 05/01/2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary quality, anaemia prevalence and their associated factors among rural school- going adolescents in Acholi sub -region of Uganda.","authors":"Gloria Adokorach, Sunday Mark Oyet, Gerald Obai, Christopher Muggaga","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00982-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00982-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, iron deficiency anaemia is a widespread public health problem affecting vulnerable populations including adolescents. However, over the years, the Uganda Demographic Health Surveys mostly report the status of anaemia for women of reproductive age (15-49 years) and children up to 5 years, leaving out the focus on adolescents. Moreover, high prevalence of anaemia among children below five years could suggest that anaemia still persists at adolescence. Therefore, the study aimed at determining dietary quality, prevalence of anaemia and their associated factors among school-going adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study involving 341 adolescent boys and girls aged 10-19 years was carried out in two rural schools in Gulu district. Prevalence of anaemia was determined by obtaining blood specimens from a finger prick into a microcuvette and analysed for haemoglobin (Hb) level using Haemoglobin analyser, whereas dietary quality was assessed using the Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS). Socio-economic and demographic data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of anaemia was 16.0% (Girls:18.1%; Boys:13.0%), while the mean Hb level was 13.2 ± 1.4 g/dl (Girls 13.0 ± 1.3 g/dl; Boys 13.5 ± 1.6 g/dl). The mean number of food groups consumed among the adolescents was 3.5 ± 2.1 for girls and 3.0 ± 1.8 for boys (p˃0.05). Animal source foods, fruits and vitamin A-rich vegetables, other fruits and vegetables were consumed by adolescent girls more than the boys. Similarly, a higher proportion of adolescent girls than boys consumed iron-rich foods: fish and meat, organ meat and dark green leafy vegetables. Further, all the socio-demographic factors in the study did not predict dietary diversity (p ˃ 0.05). On the other hand, education attainment by parent/guardian and nature of menstruation predicted the prevalence of anaemia amongst adolescents (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of anaemia was high among adolescents. Coupled with this, there, was low dietary diversity among the adolescents. The level of education of the parent/guardian and nature of the menstrual discharge were significant predictors of anaemia amongst girls. From this study, we recommend interventions by both health and agricultural-related practitioners to strengthen activities in rural schools such as health and nutrition education to create awareness about dietary diversity and promotion of agricultural practices such as school vegetable gardens, orchards poultry production and rearing of small ruminants to support consumption of diverse foods in schools with the view of reducing the burden from iron deficiency anaemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}