BMC Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"The association between the dietary behavior, diet quality, and lifestyle scores with anthropometric indices and happiness levels among university students.","authors":"Amir Hosein Shahroukh Ghahfarokhi, Batoul Ghosn, Pamela J Surkan, Shahin Akhondzadeh, Leila Azadbakht","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00917-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00917-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Limited information exists linking food habits, diet quality, and lifestyle scores with anthropometric indices and happiness levels. Our aim was to examine the association between food habits, diet quality, and lifestyle scores with anthropometric indices and happiness levels in the Iranian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 200 students randomly selected from a university in Iran. Dietary intakes, physical activity (PA), and happiness levels of study participants were assessed using validated questionnaires. The anthropometric indices examined in this study included the body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), and abdominal volume index (AVI). Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the association between food habits, diet quality, and lifestyle scores with anthropometric indices and happiness levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age and body mass index (BMI) of study participants were 23.5 years ± 4.52 and 23.8 kg/m2 ± 3.17, respectively. In the study population, no significant association was seen between ABSI, BRI, AVI and happiness with food habits, diet quality, and lifestyle scores respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders (age, energy intake, marital status, education, smoking, physical activity, gender, and BMI), the association remained not significant for ABSI and food habits, diet quality, and lifestyle scores respectively (OR: 0.56, 95% CI (0.25-1.34), P = 0.193; OR: 0.59, 95% CI (0.22-1.57), P = 0.413; OR:1.19, 95%CI (0.54-2.63), P = 0.652), BRI and food habits, diet quality, and lifestyle scores respectively (OR:1.98, 95% CI (0.41-9.49), P = 0.381; OR: 0.57, 95%CI (0.12-2.74), P = 0.512; OR: 1.19, 95% CI (0.3-4.71), P = 0.811), AVI and food habits, diet quality, and lifestyle scores (OR:1.15, 95% CI (0.53-2.48), P = 0.743, OR:1.01, 95% CI (0.47-2.18), P = 0.965; OR: 1.3, 95% CI (0.64-2.65), P = 0.465) and happiness and food habits, diet quality, and lifestyle scores respectively (OR:0.3, 95%CI (0.07-1.25), P = 0.972; OR: 0.77, 95%CI (0.18-3.19), P = 0.724, OR: 0.3, 95% CI (0.07-1.25), P = 0.083).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No significant association was detected between food habits, diet quality, and lifestyle scores with anthropometric indices and happiness levels. However, longitudinal studies are required to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a nudge-based food environment intervention in a hospital convenience store on staff's food intake and Na/K.","authors":"Teruko Kawabata, Masakazu Nakamura, Yukari Takemi, Fumi Hayashi, Takashi Yamada","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00920-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00920-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A food environment intervention using nudge tactics was implemented at a hospital convenience store (CVS) in Tokyo to improve employees' eating habits. The objective of this study was to evaluate its effects on the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio (Na/K), food intake, eating attitude, and behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a pre-post design; the intervention incorporated nudge tactics, healthier options, easy-to-pick food placement, and eye-catching information. We also used price incentives. The primary outcomes included changes in Na/K and sodium and potassium excretion assessed using spot urine samples at health checkups. Secondary outcomes were changes in staff food intake, eating attitude, and behavior which were assessed using questionnaire surveys. All outcomes were evaluated statistically. Furthermore, we investigated how the intervention led to outcomes using path analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 140 participant (52men and 88women) were analyzed. Significant changes were observed in Na/K (3.16 to 2.98 in median, p = 0.02) and potassium excretion (43.4 to 45.2 mmol/day in mean, p = 0.03). However, sodium excretion did not change significantly. The intake of fruits and dairy products increased with improved self-efficacy. The most influential factor for lowering Na/K and increasing potassium excretion was information from the CVS; purchasing \"balanced meals\" to lower Na/K and salads to increase potassium excretion were second.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Food environment intervention using nudge tactics can improve staff's food intake and lower Na/K.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Registration number: UMIN000049444 (UMIN-CTR). Date of registration: November. 7. 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11328372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional integration of services during the antenatal period can potentially improve childhood growth parameters beyond infancy: findings from a post-interventional follow-up study in West Bengal, India.","authors":"Kayur Mehta, Sreeparna Ghosh Mukherjee, Ipsita Bhattacharjee, Kassandra Fate, Shivani Kachwaha, Tushara Rajeev, Aastha Kant, Meghendra Banerjee, Anita Shet","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00918-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00918-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite progress, the prevalence of childhood undernutrition in India remains amongst the highest globally.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the impact of a functional integration interventional package during the antenatal period on childhood growth parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a post-interventional follow-up study of a maternal nutrition interventional study conducted between 2018 and 2019 among women in their first trimester of pregnancy from three districts in West Bengal, India. Pregnant women received a package of augmented interventions from study staff which supplemented those provided to them under the state-run programmes, that included body-mass-index measurement at pregnancy registration, monthly weight monitoring, targeted dietary counselling, supervised supplementary nutrition intake and iron-folic acid supplementation during daily anganwadi center visits. In the current follow-up study conducted in 2021, age-matched pregnant women from the same areas who were pregnant during the same period as in the original study and had received standard-of-care under the state-run programmes were recruited into a comparison group. Study staff collected data regarding maternal height and serial weights that were recorded at antenatal visits in 2018-19, and birth and infant characteristics. Child height and weight were measured during the follow-up visit in 2021, which were used to calculate the relative risks of stunting, wasting and underweight using generalized linear models, to understand the sustained impact of the intervention beyond infancy. Eight-hundred-nine mother-child dyads (406 intervention; 403 comparison) were followed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median age of women in the intervention and comparison group was 23 (IQR 20-25) and 25 (IQR 24-27) years respectively. Median gestational-weight-gain was higher amongst intervention group women (9 vs. 8 kg, p = 0.04). Low-birth-weight prevalence was 29.3% (119/406) and 32.0% (129/403) in the intervention and comparison group. At 12-35 months of age, children born to women in the intervention group had significantly reduced risk of stunting (RR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.94), wasting (RR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.33-0.97) and underweight (RR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.42-0.88).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that functional integration and strengthening of routine antenatal care services including targeted nutritional counselling to expectant mothers can have distal beneficial effects on childhood undernutrition beyond the immediate post-natal period.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11325605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of the English calorie labelling policy on the energy content of food offered and purchased in worksite cafeterias: a natural experiment.","authors":"Madison Luick, Lauren Bandy, Susan A Jebb, Rachel Pechey","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00914-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00914-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>On 6 April 2022, legislation came into effect in England requiring calorie labels to be applied to food items on menus of larger food businesses. This study aimed to assess the impact of calorie labelling on (a) food purchased and (b) energy content of menu options in worksite cafeterias.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Product-level sales data and energy content of available items was obtained from 142 worksite cafeterias from January 2022-October 2022. Interrupted-time-series (ITS) analysis with level and slope change evaluated daily energy (kcal) purchased per item, and ITS with level change assessed mean energy per option available on menus before and after calorie labelling. Each analysis was conducted 6 weeks and 6 months from implementation. A post-hoc ITS examined weekly energy purchased per item over a longer period (March 2021-October 2022; 135 sites).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no evidence calorie labelling changed the energy content of foods purchased (6-week: + 0.60 cal/product, 95%CI:-2.54, + 3.75; 6-month: + 1.59 cal/product, 95%CI:-0.96, + 4.16). Post-hoc analyses suggested calorie labels were associated with a reduction in mean energy of items purchased over time (-0.65 kcal/week, 95%CI:-0.81,-0.49), but a significant increase (+ 3 kcal, 95%CI: + 0.43, + 5.60) at the point of implementation. There was a reduction in the mean energy content of menu options at each seasonal menu change (April 2022:-1.79 kcal, 95%CI:-3.42,-0.15; July 2022:-4.18 kcal, 95% CI:-7.65,-0.73).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This large observational study in worksite cafeterias found no evidence to indicate the introduction of calorie labelling led to any immediate reduction in energy purchased by customers. There was some evidence of increasing impact over time, possibly associated with changes in menu offerings, but this effect was small and cannot be directly attributed to calorie labelling.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of weight loss therapies on sirtuin 1 regulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Mohammad Hassan Sohouli, Ghazaleh Eslamian, Pejman Rohani, Hamid Zand, Nathalia Sernizon Guimarães","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00921-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00921-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent evidence shows the role of sirtuin 1(SIRT1), a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins, as a potential therapeutic target in the prevention and treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases. Some evidence shows the moderating effects of weight loss interventions on this factor. However, the findings are contradictory. In order to obtain a better viewpoint from them, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of weight loss interventions on SIRT 1 modulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this study, we searched four electronic databases using predefined keywords from inception until March 2024. We includedrandomized controlled trials that evaluated the effect of weight reduction strategies on SIRT1 levels. The random-effects model analysis was used to obtain the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan version 5.3 software and Stata version 12.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve studies with 627 volunteers were included. The pooled findings showed that weight loss interventions have no significant effect on the modulation of SIRT1 compared to the control group (pooled WMD of 0.58 ng/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.17 to 1.33; p = 0.130). However, subgroup analysis showed that weight loss interventions significantly modulate SIRT1 at metabolic disease (WMD: 1.2 ng/mL, 95% CI: 0.11 to 2.62, I² = 82.9%). In addition, subgroup findings indicated health status and body mass index (BMI) as sources of high and potential heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the findings, weight loss therapies in individuals having a metabolic disorder appear to generate a considerable increase in SIRT1 levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of cinnamon supplementation on eating disorder indices among people suffering from binge eating disorder: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Mahan Gholami, Ebrahim Mokhtari, Jamileh Abolghasemi, Mohammadreza Vafa","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00916-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00916-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Binge eating disorder is one of the main eating disorders that is characterized by recurrent binge eating episodes that lead to complications like high blood pressure, diabetes, dyslipidemia, etc. Many psychological and biological factors can lead to binge eating disorder and one of the main physiological reasons is insulin resistance. Cinnamon is an old favorite that has positive effects on insulin sensitivity. So, we examined the effect of cinnamon on binge eating disorder in this study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted on 40 binge eating disorder patients with a BMI between 25 and 39.9 kg/m². They were divided into two groups one of them consumed 6 g of cinnamon per day while the other group consumed 6 g of white wheat as a placebo. Before and after the study we examined weight, height, Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), and Binge Eating Scale (BES) scale in all participants and did the statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics, gender, height, weight, BMI, education, and marriage status between the two groups. There were no significant changes between BSQ, BES, weight, and height after the study either.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to our findings, although the weight of the patients in the cinnamon group decreased significantly, after the end of the study, no significant difference was observed in the weight, BMI, and BAS and BSQ indices between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study protocol was registered in the Iran Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) center (IRCT code: IRCT20090822002365N26, Registration date: 2021/11/7).</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11308252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micronutrient deficiency, dietary diversity, and sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants of dietary diversity among pregnant slum-dwelling women in Pune, India.","authors":"Swapna Deshpande, Rubina Mandlik, Anuradha V Khadilkar, Jasmin Bhawra, Tarja I Kinnunen","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00915-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00915-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increasing dietary diversity is a sustainable solution to combat micronutrient deficiencies. Given the large slum population in urban India, double burden of malnutrition, nutritional transition among slum-dwellers, and limited studies focusing on dietary intake and diversity among pregnant slum-dwellers, this study aimed to 1) describe macro- and micronutrient intakes and compare them with guidelines, 2) describe dietary diversity and intake of unhealthy foods and, 3) investigate the sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants of adequate dietary diversity among pregnant slum-dwellers in Pune, Maharashtra, India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study presents cross-sectional data of 454 pregnant slum-dwelling women completing mid-pregnancy visit collected from a larger cohort study. Sociodemographic and lifestyle data were collected at baseline (< 12 weeks gestation). Dietary data (24-h dietary recall) were collected in mid-pregnancy (23 ± 2 weeks). Nutrient intakes were compared with the Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) for pregnant Indian women. Dietary diversity score (DDS, range 0-10) and unhealthy food (sweet snacks, sweet beverages, fried and salty food) group score (range 0-3) were calculated as per FAO guidelines. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to examine determinants of adequate dietary diversity (DDS ≥ 5).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of women was 25 (4.5) years. The median (Q₁, Q₃) total energy and protein intakes were 1771 (1456, 2185) kcal/d and 44.7 (34.7, 55.0) g/d, respectively. Total energy and protein were consumed as per EAR by 37% and 54% of women, respectively. Forty percent of women exceeded the recommended energy intake from carbohydrates. Diets of slum-dwelling women were lacking in multiple micronutrients (especially iron, zinc, riboflavin, thiamine, folate). The mean DDS was 4.2 ± 1.2 and 36.5% of the women had DDS ≥ 5. All women consumed mainly cereal-based starchy staples; 80% consumed pulses and legumes, and 60% consumed other vegetables. Fifty-nine percent of women consumed ≥ 2 unhealthy food groups. Higher educational and occupational status of the primary earning members of the family and lower parity were determinants of adequate dietary diversity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The diets of pregnant slum-dwelling women were lacking in numerous micronutrients. Dietary counselling programs need to be tailored to the socioeconomic backgrounds of pregnant slum-dwelling women and involve their family members to improve reach and effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11293030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of different edible oils on body weight: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Shima Abdollahi, Sepideh Soltani, Nahid Ramezani-Jolfaie, Mohammad Mohammadi, Saeed Sherafatmanesh, Elnaz Lorzadeh, Amin Salehi-Abargouei","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00907-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00907-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a major public health issue with no definitive treatment. The first-line approach for obesity is lifestyle modification, including a healthy diet. Although the amount of fat has been considered, there is no network meta-analysis (NMA) study investigating the effect of edible oils on body weight. Therefore, we sought to investigate the effect of different edible oils on body weight using a systematic review and NMA study of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to April 2019. RCTs of different edible oils for body weight were included. A frequentist network meta-analysis was conducted to appraise the efficacy of different types of edible oils, and the Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking Curve (SUCRA) was estimated. The GRADE framework was used to assess the certainty of evidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-two eligible studies were included. Most of the included trials examined the effect of olive oil compared to canola oil (n = 7 studies), followed by canola oil compared to sunflower oil (n = 6 studies), and olive oil compared to sunflower oil (n = 4 studies). Sesame oil had the highest SUCRA value for reducing weight (SUCRA value = 0.9), followed by the mixture of canola and sesame oil (0.8). Palm oil and soy oil were ranked the lowest (SUCRA value = 0.2).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is low to moderate certainty of evidence showing that soybean, palm, and sunflower oils were associated with weight gain, while sesame oil produced beneficial anti-obesity effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11290154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of human milk bottle with infant/toddler test weights in the community setting.","authors":"Anita L Esquerra-Zwiers, Madeline Heter, Anastasia Perecki, Olivia Jackson, D Addam Jongekryg, Brian Yurk","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00911-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00911-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The accuracy of infant intake using test weights (TWs), the change in weight before and after an infant feeds, has only been validated in hospitalized premature infants. This study's primary aim was to identify how accurate parent infants/toddler (< 2 years old) TWs are at measuring infant intake.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from 101 paired bottle and infant/toddler TWs with 31 participants. Parents participated in the feeding sessions by completing infant/toddler TWs blinded to the researcher. Research assistants completed human milk bottle TWs. Infants were fed previously expressed human milk, initially 30 g, but volumes were increased to not exceed the scale's capacity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean difference between the bottle TWs measured using the Tanita and OHAUS scales was not significantly different from zero (95% CI (Tanita - OHAUS): (-0.251, 0.108) g). The mean difference between infant/toddler and bottle TWs was significantly different from 0 (95% CI (infant-bottle): (-3.45, -0.915 g or -3.57, -0.95 mL). Infant/toddler and bottle TWs were in agreement with a difference of 2.18 g (SD = 6.63) or 2.25 mL within the scale stated accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Tanita infant digital scale accurately measures bottle TWs. The differences in parent infant/toddler TWs are within a clinically acceptable range.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet quality in medical trainees: a cross-sectional assessment comparing medical students and primary care residents using the Rapid Eating Assessment for Participants-shortened version.","authors":"Birgit Khandalavala, Stephanie Emig, Mira Yousef, Jenenne Geske","doi":"10.1186/s40795-024-00899-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-024-00899-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The diet quality of the US population is significantly unhealthy, with critical long-term implications for the nation's health. A few studies have explored diet quality in the future primary care workforce. This cross-sectional study quantifies the diet quality of medical students and primary care residents at a Midwestern college of medicine in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>250 medical students and 148 primary care residents were surveyed electronically utilizing the Rapid Eating Assessment for Participants-Shortened Version (REAP-S). The survey consists of 13 questions that can be scored on a scale from 1 to 3, along with 3 questions that are not scored. The average REAP-S score for a US omnivorous diet is 32 (range 13 to 39) with higher scores indicating a higher quality diet. We obtained average REAP-S scores for all respondents and descriptive summary statistics for individual REAP-S items. Students' REAP-S total scores were compared to those of residents and the interaction between student/resident status and BMI category on REAP-S total scores were analyzed using analyses of variance. Differences between students and residents on BMI categories and other outcomes (individual REAP-S items, pandemic dietary and weight changes) were analyzed using Chi-Square Tests of Independence or Fisher's Exact Tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Medical students (n = 99; 39.6% response rate) had a significantly higher mean REAP-S score (30.5, SD = 3.9) than primary care residents (n = 72; 49% response rate) (mean = 28.6, SD = 3.9; p = 0.006). Total mean REAP-S scores were significantly higher for those with BMI < 25 (mean = 30.8, SD = 3.7) than for those with BMI > = 25 (mean = 28.3, SD = 4.0; p < 0.001). There was not a statistically significant interaction between role (student vs. resident) and BMI category on total REAP-S scores (p = 0.39). Most respondents (89.3%) indicated that they were willing to improve their diet.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data suggest that the diet quality of surveyed medical students and primary care residents, as quantified by the REAP-S, is suboptimal. Early detection and improvement of diet quality may be necessary for our medical profession trainees to avert potential long-term adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes, and to optimize the health of our future primary care workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11271206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}