Environmental and Sustainability Indicators最新文献

{"title":"Spatial-temporal coupling relationship and driving factors between transportation-environment-technology-economy:A case study of the Backward U-shaped Bend Metropolitan Area in the Yellow River Basin","authors":"Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Ke Hu ,&nbsp;Liang Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Backward U-shaped Bend Metropolitan Area (BUBMA) within the Yellow River basin holds significance as a pivotal metropolitan region, crucial to the national strategic advancement. Rapid advancements in transportation have substantially bolstered the high-quality progression of its economy. Concurrently, the evolution of transportation and economic expansion exert a discernible influence on the environmentally sustainable development of BUBMA. In this research, we scrutinized the spatio-temporal dynamics of the coupling coordination degree (CCD) among the Transportation, Environment, Technology, and Economic System (TETE system) and dissected the underlying driving factors by utilizing the coupling coordination degree model, the grey relational degree method and threshold regression model. The findings indicate a progressive ascent in the CCD of the TETE system within BUBMA, marked by diminishing regional disparities. Spatial autocorrelation analysis reveals a positive correlation encompassing the entirety of BUBMA, with most cities displaying cluster effects that align with neighboring cities. Notably, cities with high or low CCD are geographically proximate. Additionally, this necessitates heightened investments in transportation infrastructure construction, a steadfast commitment to low-carbon green governance, and expeditious formulation and enforcement of environmental regulations. Reinforcing the leadership role of provincial governments and fostering collective efforts is crucial in expediting the coordinated development of BUBMA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100666"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning and GIS-based multi-hazard risk modeling for Uttarakhand: Integrating seismic, landslide, and flood susceptibility with socioeconomic vulnerability","authors":"Vipin Chauhan,&nbsp;Laxmi Gupta,&nbsp;Jagabandhu Dixit","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing complexity of multi-hazard risk (MHR) demands a comprehensive understanding of how multiple natural and human-induced hazards interact. These can occur simultaneously or sequentially within a vulnerable region, potentially amplifying their impacts. Uttarakhand, situated in the Indian Himalayan region, is highly prone to MHR due to topographical, meteorological, hydrological, socio-economic, and environmental factors. This study presents a district-level MHR assessment for Uttarakhand, integrating seismic, landslide, and flood susceptibilities with socio-economic (i.e., population density, vulnerable population, literacy rate, and employment rate) and built environment (i.e., building density and road density) vulnerabilities. Employing machine learning algorithms, individual hazard maps are generated and overlaid to prepare multi-hazard susceptibility maps, which are further reclassified into multi-hazard index (MHI). The vulnerability index (VI) was quantified using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and the multi-hazard risk index (MHRI) was subsequently calculated by integrating MHI and VI. About 21.01 % of the total area of Uttarakhand faces simultaneous risks from earthquakes and landslides, with 22.36 % classified as being in high to very high MHR zones. Tehri Garhwal and Rudraprayag districts are identified as highly vulnerable and susceptible to multi-hazard risk. Unlike traditional single-hazard assessments, the present study comprehensively assesses overlapping hazard zones to understand multi-hazard dynamics. These findings offer critical insights for disaster risk reduction, informing strategies for economic planning, risk financing, and land-use planning to enhance the resilience of infrastructure and communities in Uttarakhand.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100664"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trend analysis of the indicators of urban wetland change and its implications using geospatial indices and statistical analysis","authors":"Garima Chaturvedi,&nbsp;Kirti Avishek","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Darbhanga City is a major centre for producing fox nuts (Euryale ferox) and water chestnuts (Trapa bispinosa). The city had 300 lakes in 1964, reduced to 83 in 2023. There is a paucity of research on the urban wetlands of the area. The study attempts to bridge the research gap in the area by utilising geospatial indices to calculate NDVI, MNDWI, NDBI, EBBI NDMI, BSI, LULC, and LULCC detection to investigate the impact of land use change on the urban wetlands. Decadal analysis change was conducted using Landsat satellite data for 1989, 2000, 2010, 2020 and 2023, for two seasons: pre- and post-monsoon. EBBI showed better results for bare land area than BSI. Change detection was analysed for four major classes: built-up areas, urban plantations, water bodies, and barren land. The most significant change was observed for the built-up area, which increased from 21.3 % (1989) of the total land area to 59.8 % (2023). The other land use classes have decreased. The Kappa coefficient depicted an excellent overall accuracy of 89 %. The area under a water body in 1989 was 13.2 sq.km, which decreased to 4.2 sq.km in 2023. A common trend can be observed in pre- and post-monsoon results of MNDWI and NDMI. The results showed a positive increment of built-up area and a significant decline in the water body. This could result in a decrease in the production of foxnuts, impacting the livelihood of the local population as well as the water-related sustainability of the city.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100659"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The separate and cumulative effect of climate and land use changes on river discharge and sediment load of the Srepok basin, Vietnam","authors":"Pham Thi Loi ,&nbsp;Pham Thi Thao Nhi","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the relationship between climate change (CC), land use change (LUC), and water resources is a considerable problem for sustainable water and soil management. Additionally, the CC and LUC effects vary across different regions. Therefore, further investigations at a regional scale are necessary for a better understanding of the future. In this work, the separate and cumulative effects of CC and LUC on river discharge and sediment yield (SSL) were investigated for the Srepok River, an important Mekong River tributary. The investigation utilized the calibrated SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model under future CC and LUC scenarios. The future CC scenarios were produced utilizing five General Circulation Models (GCMs) under the SSP2-4.5 emission scenario. Moreover, the future LUC scenarios were generated utilizing the calibrated CLUE-s (Conversion of Land Use and its Effects) model rely on historical LUC trends coupled with future population growth and future rainfall scenarios. Results indicated that CC can lead to reductions in discharge and SSL by 3.2–3.3 % and 1.7–3.0 % in the 2030s and 2055s, and rises in discharge and SSL by 6.9 % and 9.7 % in the 2080s, respectively. Besides that, LUC can lead to rises in discharge and SSL by 2.3–3.4 % and 3.5–4.9 %, respectively. The cumulative effect of CC and LUC will reduce the discharge by 1.4–1.6 % and rise SSL by 0.1–1.6 % in the 2030s and 2055s. Further, the cumulative effect may cause rises in river discharge by 3.4 % and SSL by 7.1 % in the 2080s. The findings achieved from this investigation are expected to assist managers and policymakers in developing efficient and practical sustainable water management strategies in the context of CC and LUC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100661"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Satellite-based assessment of Phenological Informatics and associated drivers over a biodiversity hotspot in the North Eastern Region of India","authors":"Mallika Bhuyan ,&nbsp;C. Jeganathan ,&nbsp;Girish S. Pujar","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides a comprehensive assessment of phenological dynamics in the ecologically diverse North Eastern Region (NER) of India (255,083 km²) using MODIS EVI data (2001–2020). We identified 11 climate-induced phenological shift scenarios, comprising eight translational (TS) and three scaling (SS) shifts, and analyzed their key climatic drivers using machine learning. Results indicate an overall advancement in the Start of Growth (SOG) by 0.50 days/year and a delay in the End of Senescence (EOS) by 0.95 days/year, extending the growing season by approximately 0.8 days/year. The most widespread shift, TS4 (delayed EOS, unchanged SOG), affects 12.83 % of NER's forests, while occurrence of TS7 (advancing SOG, delaying EOS) and TS8 (delaying SOG, advancing EOS) highlight forest adaptation to climate variability. Translational shifts predominantly occur below 600m, particularly in moist deciduous (27.57 %) and subtropical broadleaved (24.54 %) forests. Scaling shifts reveal that SS3 (no change in growth rhythm) dominates 36.36 % of the region, while SS1 (increased vigor) accounts for 23.67 %. Climate analysis identifies rainfall (100 %), solar radiation (91.97 %), soil moisture (90.37 %), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) as key phenology drivers. Land surface temperature and VPD primarily trigger greening in most translational scenarios, while VPD and solar radiation are key factors in senescence. Rainfall is the dominant factor in scaling scenarios. These findings provide crucial insights into climate-phenology interactions in NER, aiding ecosystem management and adaptation strategies for climate resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100663"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating air quality and climate impact: A comprehensive analysis of paddy field burning emissions and green mechanisms for sustainable agriculture","authors":"Achara Taweesan ,&nbsp;Pichnaree Lalitaporn ,&nbsp;Sirapong Sooktawee ,&nbsp;Thongchai Kanabkaew","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paddy field burning, a common practice post-harvest to clear agricultural residues, is widespread in rice-producing regions such as Thailand and ASEAN countries. This method releases significant pollutants, including particulate matter (PM_2.5 and PM₁₀), carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄), and short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) like black carbon (BC). These emissions degrade air quality, impacting human health and climate change. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of paddy field burning emissions in Thailand from 2018 to 2022, employing the ABC EIM (Atmospheric Brown Cloud Emission Inventory Manual) methodology for estimation. By integrating extensive literature data tailored to Thailand context, the study quantifies emissions to comprehend their variability and implications for climate change and air quality. Results reveal substantial emissions, particularly in central Thailand, where intensive rice cultivation occurs. For instance, average PM_2.5 emissions are estimated at 21,056 tons/year (best estimate) with a possible range of 8118 to 318,972 tons/year as low- and high-estimates, respectively. Including GHGs and SLCPs, total CO₂ equivalent emissions amount to 9,718,883 and 4,811,860 tons/year for the 20-year and 100-year time horizons, respectively, with CH₄ and BC being major contributors. To address these issues, the study proposes green mechanisms as policy recommendations. Support mechanisms such as financial incentives, particularly carbon credits that account for GHGs and include SLCPs in short-cycle crops, are crucial for assisting farmers in adopting sustainable practices in crop residue management. This analysis provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in Thailand and other ASEAN countries facing similar challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100662"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of material flows and resource potential of decentralized water management: On-site water and nutrient reuse in an Austrian eco-village and its upscaling to urban environments","authors":"Tamara Vobruba ,&nbsp;Maria Wirth ,&nbsp;Marco Hartl ,&nbsp;Johannes Kisser ,&nbsp;Daniel Podmirseg ,&nbsp;Ernst Gebetsroither-Geringer ,&nbsp;Marion Huber-Humer ,&nbsp;Guenter Langergraber","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban water scarcity and growing agricultural water demands underscore the urgent need for advanced, sustainable strategies in water and nutrient management. This study examines the potential of green wall treatment systems for on-site water and nutrient reuse to create local circular food systems. Two case studies are evaluated: Cambium eco-village (rural area of Styria, Austria) and Zukunftshof urban farm (city of Vienna, Austria), with scenarios involving green wall treatment systems as well as rainwater and compost use. A material flow analysis approach is used to investigate the efficiency of these scenarios in meeting agricultural water and nutrient demands.</div><div>The findings show that these wastewater treatment and reuse systems can be integrated in different community projects, demonstrating their broader applicability beyond site-specific contexts. Local phosphorus fertilizer demand can be fully covered, as well as a considerable proportion of the nitrogen fertilizer demand (up to 90 % demand coverage rate). At Cambium, the reclaimed water of the green wall system can nearly supply all water demands, achieving up to 90 % coverage by utilizing only 20 % of the available wastewater, with the limitation being to prevent overfertilization due to the high nutrient content in reclaimed water. For larger areas, combining it with rainwater harvesting is recommended to fully address water needs. Reclaimed wastewater offers advantages over rainwater collection as source of water and composting as source of nutrients due to consistent availability and reduced storage requirements. Integrating anaerobic digestion further enhances nutrient recovery and supports sustainable energy generation. Overall, green wall treatment systems can effectively close local water and nutrient cycles, enhancing resilience and sustainability in local food production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100660"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adoption model of eco-friendly livestock innovation for beef cattle sustainability in dry climate regions","authors":"Ture Simamora ,&nbsp;Paulus Klau Tahuk ,&nbsp;Muhamad Nasir Rofiq ,&nbsp;Ody Wolfrit Matoneng ,&nbsp;Stefanus Sio ,&nbsp;Lalu Muhamad Risman Dwi Jumansyah ,&nbsp;Brigida Antonia Correia ,&nbsp;Ligia Tomas Correia","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Beef cattle farming plays an important role in improving rural economies, especially in arid climates that often face complex ecological, social and economic challenges. Dry climates, which typically have limited water and feed availability, require specialised approaches to ensure the sustainability of livestock enterprises. In this context, eco-friendly livestock innovation models are two key elements that can help increase beef cattle productivity in dry climates. This study aims to analyze the adoption model of eco-friendly livestock innovations in dry climate areas. The study analyzed the influence of farmer characteristics, extension support, business environment support, and innovation characteristics on the process and level of adoption and sustainability of beef cattle in Timor Tengah Utara Regency. This survey research used a sample of 300 respondents selected based on structural equation model analysis guidelines. The research was conducted in three sub-districts, including Insana, Central Insana, and West Insana. Data collection was conducted from April to September 2024. Descriptive percentage data analysis and Structural Equation Model analysis. The results of the study indicate that extension support and business environment support have a significant and positive effect on the adoption process of eco-friendly livestock innovation. Extension support and business environment support have a significant effect on the level of adoption of dry climate agricultural innovations. The characteristics of innovation are the factors that most influence the sustainability of beef cattle. Ease of innovation such as the cultivation of dry climate-resistant feed crops and cow feces processing technology have a significant effect on sustainability. The adoption process has a significant effect on the level of adoption. Good implementation of the adoption stages determines the level of farmer acceptance of the innovation offered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100658"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unleashing the power of green HR: How embracing a green culture drives environmental sustainability","authors":"Muhammad Tanveer ,&nbsp;Mohi ud Din ,&nbsp;Muhammad Faizan Khan ,&nbsp;Hussein Mohamad Almurad ,&nbsp;Eman Abdel Hameed Hasnin","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the relationship between Green HR practices (GHRP) and Green Culture (GC) in the context of environmental sustainability (ES) within Pakistan's industrial sector, aiming to understand how they collectively influence environmental sustainability. The research employs a quantitative approach, with data collected from 384 participants working in various industrial organizations. The analysis utilizes multiple regression to examine the associations between GHRP, GC, and ES. Reliability statistics, including Cronbach's alpha, Average Variance Extracted (AVE), and Composite Reliability (CR), were calculated to assess the reliability and validity of the data. The findings reveal significant positive relationships among these variables, indicating that GHRP significantly contributes to fostering a Green Culture, which in turn is crucial for promoting environmental sustainability. Moreover, the combined impact of GHRP and GC on ES is highly significant, highlighting the importance of integrating both aspects for enhanced sustainability efforts. The findings emphasize the need for organizations to prioritize Green HR practices and cultivate a Green Culture to foster environmental sustainability. As HR practices play a crucial role in implementing Green initiatives in an organization to promote Green values among the employees. An integrated framework by positioning human resource practices with sustainability promotes environmental friendly behavior and prepares employees to be more socially responsible, thus contributing to environmental sustainability in the industrial sector of Pakistan. This research provides valuable insights for industrial organizations in Pakistan seeking to strengthen their environmental sustainability efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100657"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indicators of scientific production show limited and fragmented information for integrated aquatic quality on La Plata River transboundary basin","authors":"Javier García-Alonso ,&nbsp;Alexis Rodríguez-Yaniero ,&nbsp;Diego Lercari","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.100651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The La Plata River Basin (LPRB) is the second-largest basin in South America, encompassing five countries: Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It spans diverse regions, from the Andean mountains to the Pantanal wetlands, and from arid areas to the Pampas biome. Major cities are situated along the rivers, all facing different environmental pressures. Records of water quality assessments are scarce and fragmented, and there is no available comprehensive environmental quality study involving all five countries across the entire basin. Here we perform a bibliometric and science mapping analysis to describe the scientific knowledge and institutional collaboration of monitoring aquatic environments in the entirely basin. We searched and selected articles for each major river comprising the basin and with specific keywords related to monitoring and environmental assessments in two bibliographic repositories (SciELO and Scopus). There were 357 documents published in SciELO and 672 in Scopus on monitoring water quality in the LPRB from 1977 to 2023. Results show that there is limited information on the environmental quality aspects of the LPRB. No publications cover the entire basin and all five countries. Most studies have been conducted in the estuarine region and particular sub-basins of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. Despite the studies on the basin for more than 5 decades, there is an urgent need to integrate the entire basin in research efforts to develop comprehensive monitoring programs for sustainable environmental management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100651"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}