Environmental and Sustainability Indicators最新文献

{"title":"Asset-based millets production interventions for livelihood improvement in semi-arid Telangana: A multidimensional livelihood capital approach","authors":"Rajendra R. Chapke,&nbsp;D. Balakrishna,&nbsp;Tara Satyavathi C,&nbsp;Peddiveeti Laxmiprasanna","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Millets offer a climate-resilient and nutrition-rich alternative for enhancing rural livelihoods, yet their potential remains underutilized in semi-arid India. This study addresses the lack of empirical evidence on how millet-based interventions impact household livelihoods when aligned with farmers’ existing asset-based farming practices. The study was conducted in the Sangareddy district of Telangana under the ICAR-Farmer First Programme. It applied a capital-based framework to assess changes across five types of livelihood capitals that were natural, social, physical, financial, and human. A sample of 100 millet-farming households was selected through a stratified random sampling method. The data were collected before and after interventions using semi-structured tools and analysed using an entropy-weighted livelihood index, paired t-tests, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The overall livelihood index increased significantly from 1.80 to 3.97. Social and natural capitals recorded the highest gains, driven by improved extension access, crop diversification, and millet enterprise development. The SEM revealed that social and financial capital had the strongest influence on livelihood enhancement. Improved millet practices, including high-yielding varieties, intercropping, mechanization, and value addition, contributed to higher income, resilience, and well-being. The study concludes that combining appropriate technologies with asset-based interventions can effectively improve the livelihoods of dryland farmers. Participatory technology design, capital-based extension strategies, gender-responsive value chains, and composite livelihood monitoring tools require attention while formulating the policy framework. This study provides strong empirical evidence that millet-based interventions, aligned with the existing livelihood capitals of farmers, can serve as a powerful strategy for achieving sustainable, equitable, and resilient rural development in the semi-arid regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101088"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing technical efficiency and production risk under eco-friendly practices: Evidence from Aman rice farming in Bangladesh","authors":"Subrata Koiry ,&nbsp;Anjon Sarkar Shuvo ,&nbsp;Md. Shah Alamgir ,&nbsp;Swarup Barua","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2026.101127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2026.101127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable rice production is crucial for ensuring food security in Bangladesh, because traditional practices damage biodiversity, and result in yield variability and economic loss. This paper examines how eco-friendly farming practices affects technical efficiency and production risk in Aman rice production. The analysis concentrates on four eco-friendly practices used in the study area, which are crop diversification, organic farming, straw returning and land resting. Technical efficiency represents how much rice farmers are close to maximum optimal output, and production risk implies the variability in rice output due to uncertain climatic and agro-ecological conditions. Primary data were collected through face-to-face interviews from 534 Aman rice farmers of Moulvibazar district. The stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) was used to evaluate the technical efficiency and production risk in rice production. The findings show that the mean technical efficiency of Aman rice production was 77 %. Land, labor, and fertilizer significantly increased rice output. Organic farming enhanced inefficiency but reduced risk, whereas diversification stabilized output and increased efficiency. Straw returning also enhanced efficiency, but it had no significant impact on risk. Conversely, land resting had no effect on efficiency, although it positively affected production risk. Eco-friendly farming practices can make rice production sustainable, but their effect on efficiency and risk differs by practice. Future research could investigate the nexus between multiple eco-friendly practices, efficiency and risk. Therefore, policies in the form of subsidies, credit facilities, and advisory services must be tailored to support eco-friendly practices in such a way that it balances efficiency gain and risk reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101127"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying key parameters to design sustainable projects in the field of aeronautics, in France","authors":"Alexis Lalevée ,&nbsp;Anne-Laure Capomaccio ,&nbsp;Claudine Gillot","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to social, environmental and technical evolutions, we need to change the way we design and manage systems. Traditional project management practices must evolve to incorporate new sustainability objectives. The aeronautics sector is highly strategic and accounts for 7 % of France's greenhouse gas emissions. It is beginning to attract the attention of researchers and manufacturers, with life cycle inventory development being a key topic. However, the literature on the parameters for successfully managing sustainability-oriented design projects in this field is lacking. The proposed paper aims to identify these key parameters. The research methodology involves analysing literature to compare the specificities and characteristics of the management of traditional design projects with those of sustainability-oriented design projects. The intersection of these two domains highlights a list of key parameters. Finally, these parameters are presented to practitioners through semi-structured interviews. These tests demonstrate practitioners' interest in these parameters and the need to position each project according to them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101097"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coastal sustainability responsibility model: A PLS-SEM analysis of knowledge, attitudes, decision-making, and behavior in Indonesian coastal communities","authors":"Saparuddin ,&nbsp;Hadi Suwono ,&nbsp;Sitoresmi Prabaningtyas","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal environmental sustainability is largely shaped by the responsibility of local communities in preserving coastal ecosystems. However, limited empirical research has examined the psychosocial mechanisms that underpin this responsibility. This study aims to examine the psychosocial factors influencing coastal sustainability responsibility, including knowledge, attitudes, decision-making, and behavior. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with data from 450 coastal community respondents in Bulukumba Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected through online questionnaires and analyzed to assess both direct and mediating effects among variables. The findings indicate that decision-making (β = 0.464; p &lt; 0.001) and behavior (β = 0.455; p &lt; 0.001) significantly shape sustainability responsibility, whereas knowledge does not directly predict behavior (β = 0.003; p = 0.882). Attitudes strongly influence decision-making (β = 0.608; p &lt; 0.001) but show no direct effect on responsibility (β = 0.012; p = 0.716), highlighting the pivotal role of psychological mediation in shaping responsibility. Mediation analysis further confirmed the indirect influence of knowledge on responsibility through attitudes, decision-making, and behavior, with significant path coefficients (β = 0.21; p &lt; 0.001). These results underscore the importance of strengthening decision-making skills and pro-environmental behaviors in coastal education and policy interventions. The novelty of this study lies in positioning responsibility as the primary outcome within the conceptual Coastal Sustainability Responsibility (CSR) model, offering both theoretical and practical contributions to the coastal sustainability literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101083"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental innovation adoption: The role of environmental policy, agricultural education and advisory services","authors":"Ernest Christlieb Amrago ,&nbsp;Jason Loughrey ,&nbsp;Geraldine Ryan ,&nbsp;Frank Crowley ,&nbsp;Justin Doran","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental sustainability is a policy priority in Irish agriculture, with farmers adopting various innovations to mitigate agriculture's negative environmental impact. Understanding the factors that drive environmental innovation adoption across farm systems is critical for system-specific policy design. However, research examining these factors across Ireland's diverse livestock systems remains limited, particularly for cattle and sheep farms, whilst the application of panel data analysis across these farm systems is underexplored. Using innovation system theory, this paper investigates how environmental policy mechanisms (nitrate derogation and the agri-environment scheme), agricultural education, and advisory services influence environmental innovation adoption across Ireland's three major livestock systems: cattle, sheep, and dairy. The paper examines specific innovations including spring slurry application, liming and reseeding of farmlands, protected urea fertiliser use, and low-emission slurry spreading (LESS) technology. The analysis employs a seven-year panel dataset (2017–2023) from the Teagasc National Farm Survey (NFS). Random effects probit models reveal that agricultural education had a significant positive effect on the adoption of most innovations across all farm systems throughout the study period. However, policy mechanisms (particularly the agri-environment scheme) and advisory services have limited influence on innovation adoption across systems. The dairy-specific derogation policy had a significant positive effect on liming and low-emission slurry spreading (LESS) technology adoption. These findings highlight the importance of investing in agricultural education to improve farmer innovation uptake and point towards targeted policies such as the nitrate derogation as an effective policy mechanism for innovation adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101064"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multi-Sectoral analysis of conflicts and priorities in the economic development and environmental protection of Quang Ninh marine, Vietnam","authors":"An Thinh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Ngoc Trinh Phuong ,&nbsp;Phuong Anh Tran ,&nbsp;Duc Man Nguyen ,&nbsp;Tuyen Tran Thi ,&nbsp;Ngoc Anh Le ,&nbsp;Thao Do Thi ,&nbsp;Trang Le Huyen","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2026.101121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2026.101121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates public perceptions in Quang Ninh, Vietnam to identify conflicts and establish development priorities for sustainable coastal management. This study designs a decision tree model to analyze intersectoral conflicts and their underlying causes by using descriptive statistics for ranking and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine priority levels. Results show that, at the local level, major conflicts occur between tourism and marine services versus coastal industrial parks, between aquaculture and exploitation versus marine environmental protection and biodiversity conservation, between industrial expansion and ecosystem preservation, particularly concerning marine biodiversity and environmental quality, and between maritime economic activities versus sustainable development goals. The findings emphasize the urgent need for integrated coastal zone management and coordinated policy responses. Key recommendations include strengthening intersectoral spatial planning, investing in waste management infrastructure in high-pressure areas such as Ha Long and Quang Yen, and promoting eco-tourism in Mong Cai and Hai Ha to foster sustainable economic growth. Encouraging environmentally friendly aquaculture and mangrove restoration in Dam Ha and Tien Yen is essential to enhance both ecological resilience and local livelihoods. Also, community engagement and capacity-building initiatives are very important to ensuring stakeholder participation and effective policy implementation. Aligning environmental protection with economic priorities will enable Quang Ninh to develop a sustainable marine economy, serving as a model for other coastal provinces in Vietnam and for developing countries seeking balanced growth between economic progress and environmental conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101121"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the drivers of water consumption patterns in Europe: A cross-sectional study of household water choices in Barcelona, Cyprus, and Ireland","authors":"Bozidarka Prole ,&nbsp;Valerie McCarthy ,&nbsp;Vasiliki G. Beretsou ,&nbsp;Maria Karekla ,&nbsp;Despo Fatta-Kassinos ,&nbsp;Carolina Donat-Vargas ,&nbsp;Miquel Vallbona-Vistós ,&nbsp;Maria José Farré ,&nbsp;Cristina M. Villanueva","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bottled water consumption has sharply increased worldwide. However, systematic international knowledge about different water consumption habits and underlying factors is limited. We describe drinking water habits and tap water perception in Barcelona (Spain), various cities in Cyprus and Ireland and evaluate the association with socio-demographics and lifestyle markers to identify key determinants of water consumption choice. A cross-sectional study (N = 1944) was conducted in 2023–2024 to ascertain data on socio-demographics, lifestyle markers, type of water consumed (tap, bottled, filtered, other), and tap water perception in a representative sample. We used multivariate logistic regression to estimate the association between the type of water consumed at home adjusting for socio-demographics, lifestyle markers, and tap water perception. Median age of participants ranged from 38/39 (Cyprus/Ireland) to 45 years (Barcelona), with 50–53 % women. Bottled water was consumed to drink at home (and outside home) among 56 % participants (80 %) in Barcelona, 41 % (85 %) in Cyprus and 35 % (66 %) in Ireland. The most frequent water to cook was unfiltered tap water in Barcelona (57 %) and Ireland (50 %), and filtered tap water in Cyprus (43 %). Tap water perception differed between study areas, with Cyprus showing the worst perception in most of the dimensions. Drinking water consumed at home was consistently associated with tap water perception in all study areas. Age, education, ethnicity, or household size were associated in some instances, with no consistent pattern across countries. Water consumption habits are influenced by a complex interplay of subjective factors and context-specific factors that should be considered in future actions to effectively influence consumer's behavior given the environmental costs of bottled water use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101099"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remediation performance of land leveling projects on cultivated land fragmentation under micro-topographic differences","authors":"Siying Zhang ,&nbsp;Chaoxian Yang ,&nbsp;Yong Liu ,&nbsp;Rongrong Chen ,&nbsp;Pengfei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China's expansive mountainous and hilly regions, shaped by varied topography, have led to widespread fragmentation of cultivated land, posing challenges to mechanized and large-scale agriculture. Land Leveling Projects (LLPs) have been widely adopted to address this issue. However, their effectiveness, particularly across different micro-topographical conditions, has not been systematically evaluated. This study examines the performance of LLPs in reducing Cultivated Land Fragmentation (CLF) using 16 land consolidation projects in the mountainous and hilly areas of Chongqing as case studies. This study constructs a tripartite analytical framework of “geomorphological type - project intensity - remediation performance”. Taking typical mountainous and hilly areas of Chongqing as a case study, it selects 16 implemented LLPs under different micro-geomorphological conditions as samples to comprehensively investigate the performance of LLPs in remediating CLF. The results showed that: (1) Various types of LLPs, including Strip Field Remediation Projects (SFRP), Terrace Remediation Projects (TRP), Slope-to-Terrace Projects (STP), Slope-to-Slow Projects (SSP), Field Merging Projects (FMP), and Mesa Reconstruction Projects (MRP), can all reduce CLF to some degree. (2) Micro-topographical conditions significantly influence LLPs performance. The Gentle Hilly and Flat Dam Area (GHFDA) showed the highest remediation effectiveness, followed by the Low Hill Area (LHA), Hilly and Wide Valley Area (HWVA), and Middle-Low Hillside Area (MLHA). (3) Complex terrain increases the degree of land fragmentation and the investment required for LLPs, without corresponding improvements in remediation outcomes. (4) Given limited financial resources, priority should be given to areas with high remediation potential and adaptability, such as GHFDA and LHA. These regions are more suitable for reducing fragmentation and promoting large-scale cultivation. In contrast, large-scale LLPs are less appropriate for MLHA; instead, efforts should focus on improving field access, irrigation systems, and basic infrastructure to enhance production and living conditions. This study provides a foundation for evaluating the performance of LLPs and supports more targeted, effective land management strategies in complex terrains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101089"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between GDP, FDI, renewable energy, trade openness, innovation, and CO2 in Slovakia: New insights from ARDL methodology","authors":"Thi Lan Anh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Huong Giang Luong ,&nbsp;Vu Ngoc Xuan","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the dynamic and long-term relationships between real gross domestic product (GDP), foreign direct investment (FDI), renewable energy consumption (RE), trade openness (TO), innovation (INN), and carbon dioxide emissions (CO₂) in Slovakia. Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to cointegration and error correction modelling, we explore whether clean energy and innovation can decouple growth from emissions in a small open European economy integrated into global value chains. Annual data are modelled with careful attention to lag selection, structural breaks, persistence, and endogeneity. We complement baseline ARDL with robustness checks (dynamic ARDL simulations, FMOLS/DOLS, and Toda–Yamamoto causality). The results template indicates: (i) a cointegrating relationship among the variables; (ii) in the long run, RE and INN are associated with lower CO₂ intensity, while TO and FDI exert mixed effects depending on composition and technological spillovers; and (iii) short-run dynamics are dominated by adjustment toward equilibrium with moderate speed of correction. We discuss the policy implications for Slovakia's green transition in light of its EU climate targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101102"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking Pakistan's wind energy potential for sustainable energy transition: A comprehensive review","authors":"Shakir Ali Soomro ,&nbsp;Muhammad Amir Raza ,&nbsp;Nayyar Hussain Mirjat ,&nbsp;Yahya Z. Alharthi ,&nbsp;Laveet Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is the major problem due to excessive utilization of fossil fuels for power generation. The key challenges of climate change are rising temperatures, biodiversity loss and ecosystem disruption, rising sea levels and coastal erosion. Addressing these challenges is critical for the successful integration of wind into the energy systems. This study explores how energy transition pathway is achievable through optimal utilization of wind source in Pakistan at lower cost and how it influences the phasing out of fossil fuels. Previous studies have largely addressed general wind energy concerns, but none have systematically evaluated the issue from a data-driven perspective. This review fills the gap by developing the institutional policy framework for energy transition. Utilizing bibliometric techniques and scientific mapping tools, this study synthesizes extensive research spanning from 2000 to 2024 and identifying the critical areas for future inquiry. The findings suggested that Pakistan is blessed with 346 GW of wind potential and is mainly in the three provinces of Pakistan. It is identified that 8.41 % area cover moderate to excellent wind and at 50 m height, maximum wind power density and speed is achieved for wind turbine installation. The power potential is estimated using the thumb rule that is 1 Km² area can generate power of 4.5 MW. Based on this accepted rule, the results revealed that total of 131.530 GW of power could be generated on 29,229 Km² in Pakistan. Finally, the use of energy models is promoted for framing sustainable energy transition policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101056"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145693180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}