International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Periodontal Management to Improve Oral Health-related Quality of Life in an Adolescent Girl with Phenytoin-induced Gingival Enlargement: A Case Report.","authors":"Anika Dawar, Bhumika Gumber, Kanika Makker","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3133","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims and background: </strong>Gingival enlargement is a common adverse effect of phenytoin medication prescribed for epilepsy. This case report, for the first time, presents the impact of severe phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement (PGE) on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), which assesses the physical, social, and psychological effects of the disease. This case illustrates the importance of simple measures like drug substitution in conjunction with nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) as the keystone in the periodontal management of PGE.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 15-year-old girl presented with a generalized, severe, disfiguring PGE involving the entire maxillary and mandibular arch, causing an impairment of oral hygiene, mastication, speech, and esthetics. Clinical indices and oral health impact profile-14 were recorded at baseline, 1, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months. Phenytoin was replaced by the drugs levetiracetam and oxycarbamazepine. NSPT was initiated, which included plaque control measures and oral prophylaxis. There was a consistent improvement in OHRQoL scores from baseline (score 52 out of 56) to 6 months (score 15; 70% improvement) and a decrease of subscale scores (score 8-2) for psychological discomfort, psychological disability, and social disability, following drug substitution and NSPT. Thereafter, the relatively smaller, nonresponsive, persistent growth was treated with gingivectomy. Complete restoration of gingival health and no signs of recurrence were seen at 18 months (score 0).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PGE can impact both the physical and psychological well-being of the patient. The synergism of NSPT and drug substitution can cause a substantial reduction in PGE, thus improving OHRQoL.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Local plaque control, routine dental visits, and long-term maintenance are essential for every patient undergoing phenytoin therapy for controlling the severity and recurrence of phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Dawar A, Gumber B, Makker K. Periodontal Management to Improve Oral Health-related Quality of Life in an Adolescent Girl with Phenytoin-induced Gingival Enlargement: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(5):599-605.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 5","pages":"599-605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional-printed Photopolymer Resin Crowns vs Computer-aided Milled Polymethyl Methacrylate Crowns with Prefabricated Zirconia Crowns for Primary Molars: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Saraswathi V Naik, Shruti V Thakkar, Deepak Naik, Amrita Chakraborty, G V Usha","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3124","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare and evaluate the clinical success rate of computer-aided designed and milled polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) crowns, three-dimensional (3D)-printed photopolymer resin crowns with prefabricated zirconia crowns in primary molars.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was carried out in children requiring crowns in the age-group of 4-8 years. Initial clinical and radiographic analyses for all the children were carried out, and 45 children were included in the study. Impression-making techniques were evaluated for their preference, comfort, pain, gag reflex, and breathing difficulty using a visual analog scale (VAS). Clinical evaluation was done using the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria at baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months. Friedman test was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the evaluation of impression technique for patient's preference, comfort, pain, and gag reflex, there was a statistically significant difference for all the parameters with a <i>p</i>-value of 0.00, 0.00, 0.04, and 0.00, respectively. The retention rate was 80% for PMMA crowns, 93.33% for 3D-printed photopolymer resin crowns, and 86.66% for prefabricated zirconia crowns at the end of 9 months. The marginal adaptation was better with photopolymer resin crowns with a statistically significant difference at the end of 9 months (<i>p</i> = 0.000). There was no gingivitis associated with all the PMMA and photopolymer resin crowns, whereas mild and moderate gingivitis was present with zirconia crowns, with a statistically significant difference at 9 months (<i>p</i> = 0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Polymethyl methacrylate crowns and photopolymer resin crowns showed good marginal adaptation and biocompatibility as compared to prefabricated zirconia crowns.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Naik SV, Thakkar SV, Naik D, <i>et al</i>. Three-dimensional-printed Photopolymer Resin Crowns vs Computer-aided Milled Polymethyl Methacrylate Crowns with Prefabricated Zirconia Crowns for Primary Molars: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(5):506-513.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 5","pages":"506-513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12492022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presurgical Nasal Molding in a Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patient with Patau Syndrome Using a Novel Bhatia's Hook: A Case Report.","authors":"Virag Bhatia, P Afeefa, Ram K Ratre, Sandhya Jain, Abhilasha Kanesh, Oshin Sharma","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3121","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims and background: </strong>Presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) is a technique used in cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients to reshape the alveolus, lips, and nostrils before surgical intervention, thereby reducing cleft severity.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>This case report presents a 2-month-old male diagnosed with bilateral CLP and provisional Patau syndrome, characterized by additional anomalies such as right hind limb hypomobility and polysyndactyly. Due to the patient's cardiac condition, conventional nasoalveolar molding (NAM) was contraindicated. Instead, a modified nasal hook named Bhatia's hook was designed and fabricated using stainless steel wire and cold-cure acrylic, designed to mold the nasal structures without alveolar manipulation. The treatment objectives included improving nasal projection, reducing alar width and cleft gap, retracting the premaxilla, and centering the premaxilla. Over a 4-month period, biweekly adjustments led to significant improvements in nasal tip elevation, reduced septal deviation, decreased premaxillary protrusion, and minimized cleft size. Cheiloplasty performed at 6 months resulted in more effective surgical outcomes, including enhanced columella length and external nasal morphology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The successful management of this case underscores the potential of customized nasal hooks in improving surgical results for CLP patients with complicating factors.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This modified nasal hook approach offers a viable alternative for nasal molding in patients with complex medical conditions, providing ease of fabrication and consistent force application.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Bhatia V, Afeefa P, Ratre RK, <i>et al</i>. Presurgical Nasal Molding in a Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patient with Patau Syndrome Using a Novel Bhatia's Hook: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(5):587-590.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 5","pages":"587-590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking Conversational Hypnosis: A Great Tool in Pediatric Dentistry.","authors":"Anup K Panda, Sivakumar Nuvvula, Nikhil Marwah, Sharath Asokan, Steven Jl Rodrigues, Padmanabhan M Yuvaraj, Ashwin Rao, Srinivas Namineni, Sukhdeep Singh, Sreekanth K Mallineni","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3101","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Language and behavior are interwoven. Effective verbal communication is essential in the dental office because all behavior is modified by communication. The art of influencing the child's mind in a normal conversation by selecting the correct words and language patterns is considered conversational hypnosis. It is a scientific and systematic method to change thoughts, emotions, decisions, and behavior in a completely unconscious way. A case of using conversational hypnosis in an anxious 8-year-old boy is presented to enable the child to cope and cooperate for the procedure in the dental office.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Panda AK, Nuvvula S, Marwah N, <i>et al</i>. Rethinking Conversational Hypnosis: A Great Tool in Pediatric Dentistry. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(5):613-616.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 5","pages":"613-616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Pain Control Using 4% Articaine Buccal Infiltration and 2% Lignocaine Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block for Pulpectomy in Primary Mandibular Second Molars in the Children of Age-group 6-10 Years: A Split-mouth Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.","authors":"Ruchi P Saple, Bhushan J Pustake, Swapnil Patil, Darpan Kothawade, Anuradha Jagtap, Aakash V Patil","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3117","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to evaluate pain control using 4% articaine buccal infiltration and 2% lignocaine inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for pulpectomy in primary mandibular second molars in children of age category of 6-10 years.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>In pediatric dentistry, one of the most significant aspects of child behavior management is pain control during injecting local anesthesia. This leads to building trust, allaying fear or anxiety, and promoting a positive dental attitude. IANB is the preferred technique for achieving pulpal anesthesia during the treatment of mandibular primary molars. About 2% lignocaine is the most commonly used anesthetic agent in dentistry. Administration of 2% lignocaine using IANB is difficult in pediatric patients, as it may lead to uncooperative behavior in child, whereas administration of 4% articaine through buccal infiltration is comparatively more feasible in child and also reduces the postoperative complications. Hence, this study aims to compare pain control using 2% lignocaine IANB and 4% articaine buccal infiltration.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Children between 6 and 10 years were selected for the study. It was split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial. About 40 primary mandibular second molars were randomized from 20 children. Two categories were as follows: (1) category A-4% articaine buccal infiltration was administered and then pulpectomy procedure was performed, and (2) category B-2% lignocaine IANB was administered and then pulpectomy procedure was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It indicated that 4% articaine buccal infiltration had a lower mean pain score than 2% lignocaine IANB using Wong-Baker's face pain scale for objective evaluation and comparing subjective mean pain scores using Modified Behavioral Pain Scale (MBPS) during pulpectomy procedure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>(1) Pulpectomy is possible by depositing 4% articaine buccal infiltration. Articaine is an effective local anesthetic and can be used as an alternative to lignocaine nerve block in children. (2) No significant adverse effects were observed after the use of 4% articaine.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Articaine is an effective local anesthetic and can be used as an alternative to lignocaine in children. Delivering comfortable anesthesia is essential, as it increases both patient's trust and treatment acceptance while at the same time reducing personal stress level.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Saple RP, Pustake BJ, Patil S, <i>et al</i>. Comparative Evaluation of Pain Control Using 4% Articaine Buccal Infiltration and 2% Lignocaine Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block for Pulpectomy in Primary Mandibular Second Molars in the Children of Age-group 6-10 Years: A Split-mouth Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(5):491-499.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 5","pages":"491-499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Cephalometric Correlation between Mouth-breathing and Nasal-breathing Children.","authors":"Priyanka Balakrishnan, Daya Srinivasan, Ar Eagappan Senthil, Krithika Priyadharshini Arunagiri, Shashank Kannan, Cyril Benedict","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3109","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pediatric sleep-disordered breathing encompasses conditions from upper airway resistance syndrome to obstructive sleep apnea. Mouth-breathing in children causes severe dentoalveolar deformities. Adenotonsillar hypertrophy exacerbates mouth-breathing, greatly influencing dentofacial development. Early detection of mouth-breathing habit is crucial to prevent the development of malocclusion. Mouth-breathing also alters the salivary pH of the saliva and has an impact on gingival health.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aims to compare and correlate the clinical and cephalometric parameters between nasal-breathing children (NBC) and mouth-breathing children (MBC) among the age-group of 6-12 years.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the clinical and cephalometric variables between NBC and MBC among the age-group of 6-12 years who reported to the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry with the chief complaint of malocclusion. Sixty-six children were assessed for the breathing pattern and categorized into NBC and MBC based on the clinical history and assessment test. After initial screening and examination, the children were referred to the Department of ENT for otolaryngology assessment. Both the groups were assessed for clinical parameters such as malocclusion, salivary pH, tonsillar hypertrophy, and gingival inflammation. Lateral cephalometric assessment was done for both the groups and all the values were tabulated. All the data were analyzed statistically using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MBC exhibited narrower dental arches (intermolar width: <i>p</i> < 0.001, intercanine width: <i>p</i> < 0.035), increased mouth opening (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and higher tonsillar hypertrophy grades (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Class II molar occlusion was more common among MBC compared to NBC (<i>p</i> = 0.002). MBC (mean = 6.68) also had a reduced salivary pH compared to NBC (mean = 6.36). The maximal mouth opening was also reduced among MBC (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Cephalometrically, MBC displayed a stronger tendency towards skeletal class II occlusion [FMA (<i>p</i> = 0.001)] compared to NBC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MBC show increased prevalence of malocclusion, tonsillar hypertrophy, gingival inflammation, and decreased saliva pH, impacting dentofacial development, which needs early intervention.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Balakrishnan P, Srinivasan D, Senthil ARE et al. Clinical and Cephalometric Correlation between Mouth-breathing and Nasal-breathing Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(5):514-521.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 5","pages":"514-521"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Unique Finding in an Adolescent Male: A Case Report Navigating in Detail about Oral Neurofibroma.","authors":"Siroraj Pearlcid, Rencie Hepzibah, Soumya Anandan, H Thamizh Chelvan, Rajeswari Ramesh","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3136","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral neurofibromas, a subtype of neurofibromas, represent benign tumors encasing a peripheral nerve within the oral cavity. These growths are intricately linked to the genetic disorder neurofibromatosis, posing unique challenges in diagnosis and management. Oral neurofibromas typically manifest as slow-growing, painless nodules or masses within the oral cavity. Common sites include the tongue, gingiva, and the buccal mucosa. While these tumors are generally benign, they can cause discomfort, interfere with oral functions, and, in some cases, lead to bleeding or ulceration. Diagnosing oral neurofibromas involves a combination of clinical examination, medical history review, and, in some cases, imaging studies. This case report discusses the histological, immunohistochemical, and surgical characteristics of oral neurofibroma to raise knowledge and comprehension of these diseases.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Siroraj P, Hepzibah R, Anandan S, <i>et al</i>. A Unique Finding in an Adolescent Male: A Case Report Navigating in Detail about Oral Neurofibroma. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(5):591-594.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 5","pages":"591-594"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Biodentine for Apexification of Immature Teeth of Children: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Liz M Gerard, Sumit Gaur","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3128","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims and background: </strong>Apexification induces calcified barrier formation to retain an immature necrotic permanent tooth. Treating these teeth is often challenging due to thin, fragile walls that are difficult to prepare effectively. Bioactive cement mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and recently introduced Biodentine have been applied in the apexification of necrotic immature teeth. This article aims to review the application of Biodentine for the apexification of immature teeth of children.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>About 18 studies, both <i>in vitro</i> (<i>n</i> = 15) and randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT) (<i>n</i> = 3), were obtained after a thorough search in online databases such as MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The <i>in vitro</i> studies evaluated and compared the fracture resistance and the seal of the apical plug of Biodentine, MTA, and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂). The RCTs evaluated the effect of these cements in forming apical plugs and periradicular healing in children's immature, necrotic, and permanent teeth. The studies showed contrary results for fracture resistance and apical seal, with some reporting better outcomes for MTA than Biodentine, while others showed similar outcomes. <i>In vivo</i> studies revealed that both types of cement produced satisfactory periradicular healing with the formation of an apical barrier and periradicular bone. Their effects were more promising than Ca(OH)₂.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although MTA was superior to Biodentine in the apexification procedure, the latter has advantages such as lower setting time, which makes it ideal for single-visit treatment, which is advantageous in children. Further, long-term clinical trials are required to confirm Biodentine and MTA efficacy in the apexification of immature necrotic teeth.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Biodentine is a promising material for the apexification of immature teeth in children. Its shorter setting time reduces the need for multiple appointments and increases patient compliance.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Gerard LM, Gaur S. Application of Biodentine for Apexification of Immature Teeth of Children: A Scoping Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(5):573-579.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 5","pages":"573-579"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remineralization Potential of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate, Nanohydroxyapatite Crystals, and Bioactive Glass on Initial Enamel Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Varkey Nadakkavukaran Santhosh, Anil V Ankola, Roopali M Sankeshwari, Anu Sara Varghese, Kavitha Ragu, Yuvarani Kandasamy Parimala, Prajakta J Chavan, Siva Shankkari","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3129","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental caries is a prevalent chronic disease among both adult and pediatric patients characterized by enamel demineralization, leading to significant oral health issues. While fluoride has been the cornerstone of caries prevention, alternative remineralizing agents such as casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) crystals, and bioactive glass (BAG) are gaining attention for their potential in biomimetic enamel restoration. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to compare the efficacy of these novel agents with conventional fluoride treatments in remineralizing initial enamel lesions (IELs).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This review was conducted across databases including MEDLINE, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library, covering studies from 2004 to 2024. The focus was on <i>in vitro</i> studies comparing fluoride with CPP-ACP, nHAp, or BAG in remineralizing IELs using surface hardness tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed with the QUIN tool, and meta-analysis was performed using STATA® SE 16.1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 292 identified articles, 19 met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed an overall pooled estimate of -1.31 (95% CI: -3.90 to 1.28) in favor of fluoride, though not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.12). nHAp demonstrated significant remineralization potential with a pooled estimate of 1.40 (95% CI: 0.65-2.15) when the surface hardness test was considered.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>nHAp show promise as alternatives to fluoride for IEL remineralization in both pediatric and adult patients. However, the evidence quality is weak due to high heterogeneity and methodological limitations. Further <i>in vivo</i> studies are needed to validate these findings and explore clinical applications.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Santhosh VN, Ankola AV, Sankeshwari RM, <i>et al</i>. Remineralization Potential of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate, Nanohydroxyapatite Crystals, and Bioactive Glass on Initial Enamel Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(5):560-572.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 5","pages":"560-572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of the Effect on Enamel Solubility and Remineralizing Potential Following Surface Treatment with Fluoride-alone Varnish and Two Fluoride Varnishes Containing Calcium and Phosphate Additives: An <i>In Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Sanketh K Karanth, Jaya Naidu","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3127","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fluoride Varnishes have incorporated calcium and phosphate in various forms, such as casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and xylitol-coated calcium and phosphate (CXP).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this <i>in vitro</i> study was to assess and compare the effect on enamel solubility and remineralizing potential following the application of Embrace^TM Varnish, MI Varnish^TM, and Profluorid Varnish.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>For assessing both enamel solubility and remineralization potential, 40 enamel specimens were randomly divided into four groups (<i>n</i> = 10/group) each, according to surface treatment: group I-no treatment (control); group II-Embrace^TM Varnish; group III-MI Varnish^TM; group IV-Profluorid Varnish. The specimens were processed according to the respective experimental protocols. The percentage decrease of surface microhardness (SMH) and surface hardness recovery percentage were calculated. For statistical analysis, a paired sample <i>t</i>-test and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's <i>Post Hoc</i> test were applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Embrace^TM Varnish demonstrated the lowest mean percentage decrease of SMH, followed by MI Varnish^TM, Profluorid Varnish, and the control group. MI Varnish^TM demonstrated the highest mean SHR%, followed by Embrace^TM Varnish, Profluorid Varnish and the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Embrace^TM Varnish and MI Varnish^TM demonstrated superior acid resistance and higher remineralizing potential compared to Profluorid Varnish.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Karanth SK, Naidu J. Comparative Evaluation of the Effect on Enamel Solubility and Remineralizing Potential Following Surface Treatment with Fluoride-alone Varnish and Two Fluoride Varnishes Containing Calcium and Phosphate Additives: An <i>In Vitro</i> Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(5):553-559.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 5","pages":"553-559"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}