International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Conscious Sedation: Decision-making in the Borderline Cases.","authors":"Ashwin Rao, Steven Jl Rodrigues, Sivakumar Nuvvula, Nikhil Marwah, Anup K Panda, Makkada Yuvaraj Padmanabhan, Sharath Asokan, Srinivas Namineni, Sukhdeep Singh, Sreekanth K Mallineni","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3328","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This article is intended to aid clinicians in deciding on the use of nonpharmacological behavior guidance, moderate or deep sedation, and general anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Very often, clinicians are hesitant to use moderate sedation till the child is already displaying hysterical behavior. Moderate sedation is not intended to be used on a child displaying hysterical behavior. The clinician should be able to predictably and confidently decide on the use of various modes of child management for the presenting child behavior.</p><p><strong>Technique: </strong>To successfully implement child management strategies, the clinician should be able to accurately classify the child's behavior on the dental chair using Frankl's behavior rating scale. The clinician should also classify the length of the procedure intended. Based on these two criteria, the clinician can choose the appropriate behavior management strategy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The appropriate behavior guidance technique should not be arbitrary. It should be based on sound fundamentals of scientific knowledge.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Rao A, Rodrigues SJ, Nuvvula S, <i>et al.</i> Conscious Sedation: Decision-making in the Borderline Cases. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(S-1):S113-S116.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 Suppl 1","pages":"S113-S116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12776931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145935566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Galvanic Skin Response as a Measure of Anxiety: A Comparative Evaluation of Gayatri Mantra Chanting and Conventional Music Therapy in 6-10-year-old Children during Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block.","authors":"Prachi Arora, Shivani Gupta, Manvi Malik, Kopal Singh, Shweta Tyagi","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3323","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective management of dental anxiety is essential for successful behavior guidance and ensuring a positive dental experience. Emotional responses such as stress and anxiety trigger ectodermal changes that increase the skin's electrical conductivity. This physiological response can be objectively measured using galvanic skin response (GSR).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Comparison of different music therapy techniques in alleviating anxiety in 6-10-year-old children during inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) injection using GSR measuring ectodermal activity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty children aged 6-10 years, requiring IANB, were divided into three groups: group A (white noise), group B (binaural beats), and group C [Gayatri mantra (GM)], with 20 participants each. Preoperative anxiety was assessed using the modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS), while postoperative using the visual analog scale (VAS). GSR, pulse rate (PR), and oxygen saturation (SpO₂) were recorded both pre- and postoperatively to evaluate the efficacy of each intervention.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Preoperatively, no significant differences were observed in the anxiety scores among the three study groups (<i>p</i> > 0.0). In the postoperative phase, groups B and C exhibited significantly lower VAS scores compared to group A. Additionally, group C showed a notable reduction in GSR levels postoperatively when compared to both groups A and B. Significant reductions in mean GSR were observed from preoperative to postoperative measurements across all study groups. There were no notable differences in PR or SpO₂ among the three groups before and after surgery, with all comparisons yielding <i>p</i>-values > 0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Managing dental procedures in anxious pediatric patients presents a significant challenge. Findings from this study suggest that music-based distraction techniques can effectively reduce anxiety and stress levels in children undergoing dental treatment.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Arora P, Gupta S, Malik M, <i>et al</i>. Galvanic Skin Response as a Measure of Anxiety: A Comparative Evaluation of Gayatri Mantra Chanting and Conventional Music Therapy in 6-10-year-old Children during Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(11):1358-1364.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 11","pages":"1358-1364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12658434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OXIS Contacts and Approximal Caries in 3-6-year-old Children: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Seema Thakur, Geetanjali Khatri Singh, Parul Singhal, Ashish Justa","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3274","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the distribution of OXIS contact areas [open (O), point (X), straight (I), and curved (S)] of primary molars and their individual susceptibility to proximal caries in 3-6-year-old children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 192 caries-free children, aged 3-6 years, from H.P. Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India. Two calibrated dentists assessed 768 selected contacts using OXIS criteria from an occlusal view, followed by a minimum 1-year follow-up evaluation for the presence of approximal caries. Spearman's correlation test was used to determine the association between contact types and approximal caries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 529 contacts that were successfully followed up at 1 year, 145 (27.41%) contacts were found to be carious. Spearman's correlation test revealed a significant association between contact type and approximal caries (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The odds ratios of OXIS contacts for the development of approximal caries were: S contact-2.297, I contact-1.119, X contact-0.970, and O contact-1.00 (reference).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compelling evidence underscores the importance of tooth contact variations in approximal caries development, with the S-type contact emerging as the most susceptible, followed by the I, X, and O-type contacts.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Thakur S, Singh GK, Singhal P, <i>et al.</i> OXIS Contacts and Approximal Caries in 3-6-year-old Children: A Prospective Cohort Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(S-1):S29-S34.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 Suppl 1","pages":"S29-S34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12776941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Two Different Rotary Files on Root Canal Obturation Quality, Postoperative Pain, and Instrumentation Time in Primary Molars: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Shivani Sawant, Ritesh Kalaskar","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3187","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim and background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of ProAF Baby Gold and Prime Pedo rotary files for root canal preparation in primary maxillary and mandibular second molars.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children aged 4-7 years with primary molars requiring pulpectomy were included in the study. A total of 58 participants were randomly allocated into two groups of 29 each: group I (<i>n</i> = 29)-ProAF Baby Gold files and group II (<i>n</i> = 29)-Prime Pedo files.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean instrumentation time for canal preparation was 153.76 seconds in group I and 189.17 seconds in group II. The ProAF Baby Gold files group required less time for biomechanical preparation compared to the Prime Pedo files.The mean pain score in group I system was 0.48 when compared to 0.83 in group II. Radiographic evaluation of obturation quality showed that 17 samples in group I were optimally filled, compared to 16 samples in group II.The obturation quality and postoperative pain between the two groups were compared using the Chi-squared test, which showed no statistically significant difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05) between the two rotary file systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed better quality of obturation, reduction in instrumentation time, and reduced postoperative pain with the use of the rotary file systems.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Behavior management is a critical aspect of pediatric dentistry. With a reduction in the time required for treatment, behavior management may become easier for pediatric dentists.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Sawant S, Kalaskar R. Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Two Different Rotary Files on Root Canal Obturation Quality, Postoperative Pain, and Instrumentation Time in Primary Molars: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(S-1):S1-S5.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 Suppl 1","pages":"S1-S5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12776943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145935558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Events of 4% Articaine in Children below 4 Years of Age: An Observational Study.","authors":"H Ananthu, Ashwin P Rao, Ashwin Kamath, Sumesh T Rao, Srikant Natarajan","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3301","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim and background: </strong>The use of articaine is well documented in children aged 4 years and above. However, there is a paucity of data concerning its use in children younger than 4 years of age. This study observed the type and severity of adverse events (AEs) that could occur with the use of 4% articaine with 1:1,00,000 epinephrine for supraperiosteal injections in children below 4 years of age.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>About 30 children fulfilling the inclusion criteria, requiring supraperiosteal injections for procedures in posterior primary teeth, were observed postinjection of the drug. The procedures that followed the drug administration were classified as \"simple\" or \"complex.\" The \"type and severity\" of the AEs observed were documented according to the methodology by Kalenderian. The World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO-UMC) scale was utilized for the \"causality\" assessment of the drug. The \"preventability\" of the AEs was assessed using the modified Schumock and Thornton scale. AEs occurring in \"<5 minutes,\" \"until 60 minutes,\" and \"up to 24 hours\" were recorded. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations were done using Pearson's Chi-squared test, with significance set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three children (23.1%) reported pain in the observation time interval \"until 60 minutes\". These children had undergone procedures that were classified as \"complex.\" The <i>p</i>-value was 0.037, which was statistically significant. The AE was categorized as \"E1,\" which stands for \"temporary mild harm to the patient\" according to the Kalenderian methodology. The causality term chosen for the AE was \"unlikely,\" and the AE was classified as \"probably preventable.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study, within the sample size studied, did not find any AE directly linked to 4% articaine hydrochloride with 1:1,00,000 epinephrine during supraperiosteal injections in children below 4 years of age.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Articaine is not advocated for clinical use in children below 4 years of age. This study addresses the important clinical question of \"whether articaine can be safely used in children under 4 years of age for supraperiosteal injections?\"</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Ananthu H, Rao AP, Kamath A, <i>et al</i>. Adverse Events of 4% Articaine in Children below 4 Years of Age: An Observational Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(11):1322-1326.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 11","pages":"1322-1326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12658433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Nano-filled Surface Coating on Fluoride Release Patterns of Conventional Glass Ionomer Cements and Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cements.","authors":"C U Arthilakshmi, C Vishnurekha, Parisa N Baghkomeh, S D Ditto","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3335","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This <i>in vitro</i> study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of a protective coating (G-Coat Plus) on the fluoride release of conventional and resin-modified glass ionomer cements (GIC and RMGIC) in primary molars.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 120 extracted primary molars were randomly divided into four subgroups (<i>n</i> = 30) based on the restorative material and application of protective coating: group A-conventional GIC without G-Coat Plus; group B-conventional GIC with G-Coat Plus; group C-RMGIC without G-Coat Plus; and group D-RMGIC with G-Coat Plus. Fluoride release was measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, and 21 days using a fluoride ion-selective electrode and a digital ion analyzer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Conventional GIC with G-Coat Plus showed a significant reduction in the initial burst and mean fluoride release up to day 7, comparable release at day 14, and significantly higher release on day 21 compared to conventional GIC without coating. RMGIC with G-Coat Plus demonstrated significantly reduced fluoride release at all time intervals (days 1-7, 14, and 21) compared to RMGIC without coating. Overall, uncoated GIC and RMGIC exhibited significantly higher fluoride release at all measured intervals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concluded that the application of a protective coating (G-Coat Plus) did not completely inhibit fluoride release from GICs. Instead, it significantly reduced the initial burst and resulted in a gradual decline in fluoride release up to the 21st day.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Arthilakshmi CU, Vishnurekha C, Baghkomeh PN, <i>et al</i>. Influence of Nano-filled Surface Coating on Fluoride Release Patterns of Conventional Glass Ionomer Cements and Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cements. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(11):1305-1310.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 11","pages":"1305-1310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12658427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Sleep Habit and Oral Habits in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Sushmita Shan, K Vivek, Selvakumar Haridoss, Kavitha Swaminathan","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3310","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims and background: </strong>A healthy metabolic, cognitive, and physical wellness requires sleep. Children with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are prone to sleep disturbances, which exacerbates the behavioral and cognitive issues. Likewise, the sleep problems co-occur with oral habits. This study aims to assess and compare the sleep habit and oral habits of children with ASD and ADHD with those of neurotypical children.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 96 children between the ages 4 and 10 were included. They were divided into two group: the case group, which included children with ASD and ADHD, and the control group, which included neurotypical children. Children's Sleep Habit Questionnaire- Abbreviated (CSHQ-A) was administered to parents to evaluate bedtime routine, sleep behavior, and morning habits. Demographic data, body mass index (BMI), and presence of oral habits were also recorded. A CSHQ-A total score greater than 41 was regarded as abnormal and suggestive of sleep problem. Statistical analysis includes unpaired <i>t</i>-test for continuous variables, Chi-square test for categorical data, and Pearson correlation was employed to correlate CSHQ-A total score and BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CSHQ-A total score was significantly higher in cases (71.41 ± 9.3) than the controls (43.1 ± 16.9, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The mean difference in the CSHQ-A total score was 28.31 with a large effect size and 95% confidence interval. Children with ASD and ADHD were dependent on parents to fall asleep, needed special objects, and experienced frequent night awakenings. A higher CSHQ-A total score was related to oral habits particularly, bruxism. There was a negative correlation found between the CSHQ-A total score and BMI (<i>r</i> = -0.30, <i>p</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with ASD and ADHD showed significant sleep disturbance than children in control group. This study highlights the relationship between the impact of sleep disturbance and the problems associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. These findings emphasize the importance of assessment of sleep habit along with routine oral examination into the pediatric dental practice.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This study highlights the clinical importance of integrating sleep assessment into pediatric dentistry, especially for children with health needs. Early detection and intervention will help in cognitive development and promotes the overall health.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Shan S, Vivek K, Haridoss S, <i>et al</i>. Assessment of Sleep Habit and Oral Habits in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(11):1327-1332.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 11","pages":"1327-1332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12658444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy and Cytotoxicity of Phytoextract from <i>Leucas aspera</i> as a Root Canal Irrigant in Primary Tooth: <i>In Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"G Pragadesh, Daya Srinivasan, C B Abishek, B K Sujathadevi","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3308","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3308","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim and background: &lt;/strong&gt;Root canal irrigation is a critical step in pediatric endodontics, where an ideal irrigant should exhibit potent antimicrobial properties while maintaining biocompatibility. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is widely used for its strong antimicrobial efficacy, but its cytotoxic effects raise concerns, especially in pediatric patients. &lt;i&gt;Leucas aspera&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;L. aspera&lt;/i&gt;), a medicinal plant known for its antimicrobial properties, is explored as a potential alternative to 1% NaOCl. This study aims to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity of &lt;i&gt;L. aspera&lt;/i&gt; extract and 1% NaOCl as root canal irrigants in pediatric dentistry.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The antimicrobial efficacy of &lt;i&gt;L. aspera&lt;/i&gt; and 1% NaOCl was assessed using the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration), zone of inhibition (ZOI) test against &lt;i&gt;Enterococcus faecalis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans&lt;/i&gt;. Cytotoxicity was evaluated through the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) to determine cell viability. IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) were calculated for both irrigants to compare their toxicity levels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Antimicrobial efficacy&lt;b&gt;-&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;L. aspera&lt;/i&gt; exhibited superior antimicrobial activity compared to 1% NaOCl against tested pathogens, highlighting its potent antibacterial properties. Cytotoxicity analysis&lt;b&gt;-&lt;/b&gt;The MTT assay showed that &lt;i&gt;L. aspera&lt;/i&gt; demonstrated significantly higher cell viability than NaOCl. However, NaOCl's antimicrobial effectiveness is concentration-dependent, with higher concentrations yielding greater bacterial inhibition but also increased cytotoxicity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;NaOCl's antimicrobial efficacy is concentration-dependent, with higher concentrations providing greater bacterial inhibition but also increasing cytotoxic effects. One percent NaOCl is chosen for pediatric dentistry as it offers a balance between antimicrobial effectiveness and safety. Although &lt;i&gt;L. aspera&lt;/i&gt; exhibited superior antimicrobial activity than 1% NaOCl and better cytotoxicity results in the MTT assay, further studies are needed to explore its potential as a clinically viable alternative.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clinical significance: &lt;/strong&gt;The use of &lt;i&gt;L. aspera&lt;/i&gt; as a root canal irrigant in pediatric dentistry could minimize cytotoxic risks while maintaining effective microbial control. This could lead to safer and more biocompatible endodontic treatments in children, reducing potential postoperative complications associated with NaOCl.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How to cite this article: &lt;/strong&gt;Pragadesh G, Srinivasan D, Abishek CB, &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy and Cytotoxicity of Phytoextract from &lt;i&gt;Leucas aspera&lt;/i&gt; as a Root Canal Irrigant in Primary Tooth: &lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; Stud","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 11","pages":"1378-1384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12658424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Intelligence Quotient and Prevalence of Dental Caries in 5-11-Year-old Orphan Children Using Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices.","authors":"Rini Gangwal, Halaswamy V Kambalimath, Satish Maran, Nivriti R Chadhha, Shadma Qureshi, Kanchan S Adchitre, Aman Vatsa, Mrinali R Chaddha","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3271","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human intelligence is defined as the capacity for complicated cognitive tasks as well as a high degree of drive and awareness. It permits human experience and thought. The most recent understanding of the association between environmental influences and tooth caries, which includes social-psychosocial, biological, and behavioral components, is presented in a deeply complex and related way. Children with low IQs need a lot longer to comprehend and embrace the importance of practicing good dental health.</p><p><strong>Aim and objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study is to use Raven's colored progressive matrices, an intelligence test, to determine if there is an association between dental caries and IQ in children with no parents and ages 7-11 years.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The current research involved 150 orphan children aged 7-11 years from Indore region, focusing on the relation between intelligence quotient (IQ) and dental caries in this population. To measure IQ and determine if children had carious lesions, researchers used Raven's colored progressive matrices and the index of missing, decayed, or filled teeth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A link between intelligence and dental caries was shown to be statistically significant, with lower IQs being associated with higher rates of dental caries.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Gangwal R, Kambalimath HV, Maran S, <i>et al.</i> Correlation of Intelligence Quotient and Prevalence of Dental Caries in 5-11-Year-old Orphan Children Using Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(S-1):S11-S15.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 Suppl 1","pages":"S11-S15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12777101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145935628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Hoberman Sphere on Behavior, Anxiety, and Pain in Children during Buccal Infiltration Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Varshitha Yendodu, Svsg Nirmala","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3327","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To appraise the effectiveness of deep breathing exercises in lowering dental anxiety, behavior, and pain in children aged 7-11 years utilizing a Hoberman sphere during maxillary buccal infiltration.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 70 children aged 7-11 years who were randomly assigned to two groups, with 35 in each group. Children in group I were trained for deep breathing exercises with a Hoberman sphere, whereas those in group II (control group) were taught the classic Tell Show Do technique. Children's reactions to maxillary buccal infiltration anesthesia were assessed using Frankl's behavior rating scale, the facial image scale (FIS), and the pulse rate, as well as the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WBFPRS) and the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) scales. Data were tabulated using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Kruskal-Wallis test for distribution. The independent Student's <i>t</i>-test or Mann-Whitney test (for quantitative variables) and the Chi-square test or Mann-Whitney test (for qualitative variables) were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A substantial change in pulse rate during injection was seen in the Hoberman sphere group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Subjective and objective pain scores were lower in the Hoberman sphere group compared to the control group, which was statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.012 and <i>p</i> = 0.0063). There was no significant difference in behavior between the two groups (<i>p</i> = 0.845).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children's dental anxiety and pain during maxillary buccal infiltration anesthesia were effectively reduced when they used the Hoberman sphere for deep breathing exercises. However, there was no improvement in dental behavior.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>One promising method for easing the psychological and physical discomfort experienced by kids with dental anxiety is diaphragmatic breathing. By diverting the child's attention from unpleasant stimuli, the Hoberman sphere helps to relax and correct breathing while also reducing dental anxiety, behavior, and discomfort.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Yendodu V, Nirmala SVSG. Effect of Hoberman Sphere on Behavior, Anxiety, and Pain in Children during Buccal Infiltration Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(11):1339-1344.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":"18 11","pages":"1339-1344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12658423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}