Karger Kompass Onkologie最新文献_第5页

Engagement für Weiterbildung, Forschung und darüber hinaus 致力于教育、研究及其他理念

Karger Kompass Onkologie Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000500533

N. Neuendorff

{"title":"Engagement für Weiterbildung, Forschung und darüber hinaus","authors":"N. Neuendorff","doi":"10.1159/000500533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000500533","url":null,"abstract":"Liebe Leserinnen und Leser, herzlich willkommen! Wir hoffen, Ihnen auch in der aktuellen Ausgabe wieder interessante Themen präsentieren zu dürfen. Viele junge Ärztinnen und Ärzte werden Mitglied bei einer Fachgesellschaft, da es meist mit vielen Vorzügen wie beispielsweise ermäßigten Teilnahmegebühren bei Fortbildungen und Jahrestagungen verbunden ist. Doch darüber hinaus gibt es in den meisten Fachgesellschaften auch Nachwuchsgruppen, in denen man sich engagieren kann. Was dies bedeutet und mit welchen Chancen dies verbunden ist, berichten uns die Vertreterinnen und Vertreter einiger hauptsächlich onkologischer Fachgesellschaften. Anhand des Beispiels der Arbeitsgruppe junge DEGRO fassen wir außerdem zusammen, welche Aufgaben eine Nachwuchsgruppe innerhalb einer Fachgesellschaft wahrnehmen kann und warum das für die Zukunft eines Fachgebiets so wichtig ist. Weiterhin stellen wir in einem kurzen Interview mit Fabian Buslaff die MedizinstudentenInitiative «Aufklärung gegen Tabak e.V.» vor, welche sich seit 2012 aktiv für die Verbreitung von Methoden der Tabakentwöhnung engagiert. Die Initiative zieht schon weite Kreise: Heute klären über 1 500 Medizinstudierende von 28 deutschen, 4 österreichischen und 2 Schweizer Universitäten pro Jahr ehrenamtlich 23 800 Schüler über die Folgen des Rauchens auf. Wohl kaum jemand beschäftigt sich gerne mit den juristischen Fallstricken des ärztlichen Alltags. Der Jurist Maximilian Broglie informiert uns in einem Beitrag über das Übernahmeverschulden. Nun wünsche ich Ihnen viel Spaß beim Lesen und scheuen Sie sich nicht, uns bei Anregungen oder Kritik zu kontaktieren, vielleicht gibt es ja auch Themenwünsche? Karger Kompass Onkol 2019;6:106–112 DOI: 10.1159/000500533","PeriodicalId":351794,"journal":{"name":"Karger Kompass Onkologie","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134414716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Steckbrief Forschung 通缉令研究

Karger Kompass Onkologie Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000500438

Steckbrief Forschung, Simon Raffel

引用次数: 0

Erstellung molekularer Tumorprofile durch Liquid Biopsy - Zukunft für das kolorektale Karzinom 大型分子肿瘤纹理研究

Karger Kompass Onkologie Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000499617

S. Lorenzen

{"title":"Erstellung molekularer Tumorprofile durch Liquid Biopsy - Zukunft für das kolorektale Karzinom","authors":"S. Lorenzen","doi":"10.1159/000499617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000499617","url":null,"abstract":"KRAS mutations have been reported as a reliable biomarker for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeted therapy and are also associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, limitations of detecting KRAS mutations in tissues are obvious. KRAS mutations in the peripheral blood can be detected as an alternative to tissue analysis. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic value of cfDNA (circulating free DNA) compared with tissues and to investigate the prognostic potential of cfDNA KRAS mutations in CRC patients. Searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for published studies. We extracted true-positive (TP), false-positive (FP), false-negative (FN), true-negative (TN) values, survival rate of CRC patients with mutant and wild-type KRAS and calculated pooled sensitivity and specificity, positive/negative likelihood ratios (PLRs/NLRs), diagnostic odds ratios (DORs), and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% Cis). We also generated a summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve to evaluate the overall diagnostic potential. Totally, 31 relevant studies were recruited and used for the meta-analysis on the efficacy of cfDNA testing in detecting KRAS mutations. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR were 0.637 (95% CI: 0.607-0.666), 0.943 (95% CI: 0.930-0.954), 10.024 (95% CI: 6.912-14.535), 0.347 (95% CI: 0.269-0.447), and 37.882 (95% CI: 22.473-63.857), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.9392. Together, the results suggest that detecting KRAS mutations in cfDNA has adequate diagnostic efficacy in terms of specificity. There is a promising role for cfDNA in the detection of KRAS mutations in CRC patients. However, prospective studies with larger patient cohorts are still required before definitive conclusions of the prognostic potential of cfDNA KRAS mutations in CRC patients were drawn.","PeriodicalId":351794,"journal":{"name":"Karger Kompass Onkologie","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131709138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wissenschaftlicher Beirat / Impressum / Inhalt 科学委员会/发行/内容

Karger Kompass Onkologie Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000500934

引用次数: 0

Nicht metastasiertes Nierenzellkarzinom mit Tumorthrombus: Sunitinib und Sorafenib in der neoadjuvanten Therapie 失序肾切瘤用于重新治疗血清双胞胎

Karger Kompass Onkologie Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000500129

Jakob Büchler

{"title":"Nicht metastasiertes Nierenzellkarzinom mit Tumorthrombus: Sunitinib und Sorafenib in der neoadjuvanten Therapie","authors":"Jakob Büchler","doi":"10.1159/000500129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000500129","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of sorafenib or sunitinib as neoadjuvant therapy on the survival outcomes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with tumor thrombus. Methods: A total of 92 RCC patients with tumor thrombus were included in this 2-center retrospective research from January 2007 to December 2014. Sorafenib and sunitinib were administered as neoadjuvant therapy in 9 patients and 14 patients, respectively, and 69 patients constituted non-neoadjuvant therapy groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Log-rank test was used to compare the survival outcomes of patients with or without neoadjuvant therapy. Results: The overall median RFS and OS time for all 92 patients were 28 months (95% CI 17-39 months) and 42 months (95% CI 30-54 months). Patients with neoadjuvant therapy had no significantly longer median RFS (30 vs. 28 months, p = 0.376) and OS (45 vs. 42 months, p = 0.702) than those without neoadjuvant therapy. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant therapy of sorafenib or sunitinib might not improve survival outcomes for high risk RCC patients with tumor thrombus. Thus, neoadjuvant therapy for RCC with tumor thrombus should be considered cautiously.","PeriodicalId":351794,"journal":{"name":"Karger Kompass Onkologie","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132966286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stellenwert minimalinvasiver Operationstechniken beim Ösophaguskarzinom – gut verständliche Übersicht 这是一个很好的了解情况

Karger Kompass Onkologie Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1159/000496323

M. Stahl

{"title":"Stellenwert minimalinvasiver Operationstechniken beim Ösophaguskarzinom – gut verständliche Übersicht","authors":"M. Stahl","doi":"10.1159/000496323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000496323","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The evolution of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) also extends to the field of esophageal surgery and has brought forth the development of several approaches of minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). Hybrid and total minimally invasive operative techniques have proven beneficial compared to open surgery and are currently evaluated against robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE). We aim to review the current literature regarding the position of MIE versus RAMIE. Methods: A systematic review of the relevant literature on minimally invasive esophageal surgery for cancer is presented. A PubMed search was carried out for the period of 1992-2018 with the following search terms: ‘esophageal cancerʼ, ‘minimally invasive surgeryʼ, ‘resectionʼ, ‘transhiatalʼ, ‘transthoracicʼ, ‘MIEʼ, ‘hybridʼ, ‘robotic resectionʼ, ‘RAMIEʼ, ‘RATEʼ. Results: Hybrid and total minimally invasive operative techniques have proven beneficial, especially with regard to pulmonary complications, compared to open surgery. Oncologic outcomes appear equivalent between open and minimally invasive techniques. Currently, the position of RAMIE is being evaluated against other minimally invasive techniques. Conclusion: All minimally invasive techniques confer the expected reduction in perioperative morbidity compared to open surgery. However, MIS is still evolving with regard to specific technical challenges, especially anastomotic techniques.","PeriodicalId":351794,"journal":{"name":"Karger Kompass Onkologie","volume":"329 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115456133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stellenwert der Rezidiv-Transplantation bei Patienten mit Multiplem Myelom 多元髓细胞移植的重要性

Karger Kompass Onkologie Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1159/000496628

Eva Haas

{"title":"Stellenwert der Rezidiv-Transplantation bei Patienten mit Multiplem Myelom","authors":"Eva Haas","doi":"10.1159/000496628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000496628","url":null,"abstract":"Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has been employed for patients with relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) after up-front ASCT. The present retrospective study aimed to examine the survival benefit from salvage ASCT. Among 446 patients with relapsed MM after up-front single ASCT, 70 patients received salvage ASCT, the employment of which reduced the risk of mortality after relapse ( p = 0.041). Using the parameters before initial ASCT, the advantage of salvage ASCT compared to standard therapy was confirmed in the subgroup with an international staging system stage of I or II ( p = 0.040), good performance status (PS; p = 0.043), or no/mild renal comorbidity ( p = 0.029). The advantage of salvage ASCT was also confirmed in the subgroup excluding those with early relapse within 7 months after initial ASCT ( p = 0.026). Among patients who received salvage ASCT, a favorable prognosis is apparent for those with a time to relapse after initial ASCT of longer than 24 months. The overall survival after salvage ASCT was favorable excluding patients with the following factors: early relapse, poor PS, moderate/severe renal comorbidity, and progressive disease ( p < 0.001). In conclusion, our results reinforced the evidence for encouraging salvage ASCT for eligible patients. © 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel Stellenwert der Rezidiv-Transplantation bei Patienten mit Multiplem Myelom","PeriodicalId":351794,"journal":{"name":"Karger Kompass Onkologie","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121802749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vorsorge für Patienten, Vorsorge für sich selbst 如何治疗病人，为自己预防

Karger Kompass Onkologie Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1159/000497497

N. Neuendorff

{"title":"Vorsorge für Patienten, Vorsorge für sich selbst","authors":"N. Neuendorff","doi":"10.1159/000497497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000497497","url":null,"abstract":"Passend zum Schwerpunkt des Heftes gestaltet sich auch unsere Reihe der wichtigsten Chemotherapieschemata: Viel hat sich bei den Therapiemöglichkeiten des Multiplen Myeloms in den letzten Jahren gewandelt. Umso wichtiger ist es, dass der/die behandelnde Onkologe/in einen Überblick behält, um für und mit den Patienten die individuell geeignetste Therapieoption zu wählen. Wir danken Frau und Herrn Drs. Merz von der Uniklinik Heidelberg für ihre gute Übersicht. Zum Abschluss unserer Serie «Fertilität nach Krebserkrankung» gibt Frau Dr. Lipp aus Ulm einen Überblick zum Fertilitätserhalt bei Frauen. Während bei Männern der Fertilitätserhalt durch Kryokonservierung von Spermien und Hodengewebe vergleichweise unproblematisch ist, stellt sich die Lage bei Frauen biologisch bedingt mitunter etwas komplizierter dar. Gerade für junge Patientinnen ist es wichtig, dass der Arzt/die Ärztin auch hier beraten und Optionen aufzeigen kann. Zu erwähnen ist in diesem Zusammenhang auch die Arbeit des Netzwerkes FertiPROTEKT e.V., das sich gezielt um die Fertilitätsprotektion bei Patienten bemüht, die eine furchtbarkeitseinschränkende Therapie benötigen. Zuletzt wenden wir den Blick vom Patienten mit Kinderwunsch zum Arzt mit Kinderwunsch: Eine schwangere Frau und ihr ungeborenes Kind bedürfen besonderen Schutzes. Gerade im klinischen Alltag stellt sich aber die Frage, was überhaupt noch möglich ist und was nicht. Was muss der Arbeitgeber wissen und tun? Und was kann man als Kollege tun, um eine schwangere Kollegin zu unterstützen? Der Deutsche Ärztinnenbund hat einen Steckbrief mit den wichtigsten Infos, speziell auch für die chirurgisch tätige Medizinerin, zusammengestellt, der die wichtigsten Grundfragen klärt. Karger Kompass Onkol 2019;6:37–45 DOI: 10.1159/000497497","PeriodicalId":351794,"journal":{"name":"Karger Kompass Onkologie","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134117347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Das Progressionsrisiko erfolgreich reduzierenMultiples Myelom: Lang anhaltende Krankheitskontrolle mit Elotuzumab 老年痴呆症成功地减少了几年癌症的发病率

Karger Kompass Onkologie Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1159/000499001

引用次数: 0

Nur wer testet, kann profitieren 只有测谎者才能受益

Karger Kompass Onkologie Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.1159/000497261

N. Reinmuth

{"title":"Nur wer testet, kann profitieren","authors":"N. Reinmuth","doi":"10.1159/000497261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000497261","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Latin American countries are heterogeneous in terms of lung cancer incidence and exposure to potential carcinogens. We evaluated the frequency and clinical characteristics of ALK rearrangements (ALKr) in Latin America. Methods: A total of 5,130 lung cancer patients from 10 Latin American countries were screened for inclusion. ALKr detection was performed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to assess method variability. Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed. Results: Among the 5,130 patients screened, 8.4% (n = 433) had nonevaluable FISH tests. Evaluable FISH analyses revealed positive ALKr in 6.8% (320/4,697) of the study population, which included patients from 9 countries. ALKr distribution for each country was: Mexico 7.6% (79/1,034), Colombia 4.1% (10/242), Argentina 6.0% (153/2,534), Costa Rica 9.5% (13/137), Panama 4.4% (5/114), Uruguay 5.4% (2/37), Chile 8.6% (16/185), Venezuela 8.9% (13/146), and Peru 10.8% (29/268). RT-PCR showed high positive (83.6%) and negative (99.7%) predictive values when compared to the gold standard FISH. In contrast, IHC only showed a high negative predictive value (94.6%). Conclusions: Although there is a clear country and continental variability in terms of ALKr frequency, this difference is not significant and the overall incidence of ALKr in Latin America does not differ from the rest of the world.","PeriodicalId":351794,"journal":{"name":"Karger Kompass Onkologie","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121409987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0