International Journal of Hydrogen Energy最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic optimization texture and functional behavior of 3D skeleton carbon using amide-functionalized and N-doped strategies for enhancement photocatalytic water reduction","authors":"Jiahao Liu ,&nbsp;Xuqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Guo ,&nbsp;Yixuan Tao ,&nbsp;Dan Luo ,&nbsp;Jiangtao Chen ,&nbsp;Yun Zhao ,&nbsp;Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Jianbiao Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Dong ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Bingjun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon-based sensitization matrix in dye-sensitized photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (DS-PHE) system is crucial for riveting dye molecules and metal particles. The excellent conductivity and dispersibility of matrixes are necessary conditions for obtaining efficient catalytic activity. Herein, based on the collaborative regulation strategy, the amide-functionalized and N-doped three-dimensional skeleton carbon (AF-N-3DSC) is prepared using self-doping and functional group activation approaches. Due to the synergistic effect of heterogeneous atoms and functional groups, AF-N-3DSC as sensitized matrix not only possesses stable microstructure with acceptable specific surface area, but also shows superiority conductivity, dispersivity and adsorption properties. Under visible light irradiation, the constructed AF-N-3DSC@Pt nanohybrid photocatalysts via in-situ photodeposition method shows higher DS-PHE activity and stability. Typically, the hydrogen production rate of AF-N-3DSC@Pt reaches to 426.35 μmol/h with TEOA as sacrificial agent (pH = 7, volume ratio 10 %) and EY as dye sensitizer, which is 1.28 times and 2.43 times higher than N-3DSC@Pt photocatalyst and bare Pt photocatalyst.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"123 ","pages":"Pages 32-40"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The synergistic effect of Ni doping on Cu/Cu2O(111) surface in aqueous phase reforming of methanol for hydrogen production","authors":"Haiping Zhu ,&nbsp;Yuxin Ge ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Zhao ,&nbsp;Zihan Sun ,&nbsp;Zhuoyu Zheng ,&nbsp;Fan Yang ,&nbsp;Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Yongqi Mao ,&nbsp;Xueer Huang ,&nbsp;Jiajin Li ,&nbsp;Minglei Lu ,&nbsp;Tiejun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aqueous phase reforming of methanol (APRM) is a promising technology for efficiently producing hydrogen (H₂) in a sustainable approach, enabling convenient and safe H₂ storage and transportation. Herein, we develop a Ni/Cu/Cu₂O@CA catalyst with excellent performance by integrating density functional theory (DFT) calculation and experimental investigations. DFT results show that Ni doping greatly reduced the activation energy (E_a) of CH₃OH dehydrogenation and H₂O dissociation, especially the E_a of the rate-limiting step of CH₃O∗ → CH₂O∗ + H∗ from 1.71 eV to 1.28 eV. Additionally, the Cu/Cu₂O(111) surface is found to promote the CO conversion. To verify the synergistic effect between Ni and Cu/Cu₂O(111), a 3D spherical porous Ni/Cu/Cu₂O@CA catalyst is synthesized for APRM experiments, achieving a peak H₂ production rate of 135.93 μmolH₂/g_cat/s at 240 °C, which is 2.0 times higher than that of the Cu/Cu₂O@CA catalyst. Overall, this work presents an implementable strategy for developing non-noble metal catalysts for sustainable H₂ production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"123 ","pages":"Pages 52-60"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic modeling and emission characteristics of multi-staged partially cracked ammonia/ammonia-fueled gas turbine combustors","authors":"Jing Zhou,&nbsp;Fei Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia (NH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>), as a zero-carbon fuel, plays a pivotal role in achieving carbon neutrality. However, the challenges of its low reactivity and high ignition energy have driven the development of partial ammonia cracking in gas turbines. The gaps exist regarding the emission characteristics of single- and dual-fuel staged gas turbine combustors fueled by partially cracked ammonia (PCA) and NH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>. Effects of the ammonia cracking ratio, combustor inlet temperature and pressure, and water injection ratio on emission characteristics are analyzed in the typical two-staged single-fuel PCA combustor. With the ammonia cracking ratio increasing from 0 to 0.6, the optimal equivalence ratio of the rich fuel zone rises from 1.25 to 1.45, although the adjustment range remains limited. In contrast, the dual-fuel configurations fueled by PCA/NH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> are proposed for the reduced cracker cost and flexible control range over combustion parameters. The multi-staged configuration has demonstrated the capability to balance both combustion stability and emission control through parameter studies of the NH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> substitution rate, local equivalence ratio, and ammonia cracking ratio. Except for postmix configuration and high global equivalence ratio, the rich nitrogen oxides (NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) account for 55% to 77% of total emissions with the overall NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> emissions below 50 ppm, indicating the low-NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> potential of the dual-fuel configuration design. Also, the nitrous oxide formation can be controlled through operating parameters in a multi-staged configuration, avoiding simultaneously high global and second rich fuel zone equivalence ratios. Furthermore, the dominating NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> formation and reduction mechanisms in the rich and lean fuel zones are identified with high and low nitrogen-hydrogen intermediates (NH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) levels. The high NH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> radicals in the lean fuel zone promote nitrous and nitric oxides formation, which should be minimized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"122 ","pages":"Pages 44-56"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A genetic algorithm-based framework for efficient optimization of alkaline electrolyzer flow channels to improve flow uniformity","authors":"Ke Zhao ,&nbsp;Huan Liang ,&nbsp;Shaorui Zhang ,&nbsp;Saisai Lin ,&nbsp;Peng Liu ,&nbsp;Nan Hu ,&nbsp;Hao Song ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Jingjie Wang ,&nbsp;Chenghang Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkaline electrolyzers exhibit considerable potential for large-scale hydrogen production. Optimizing flow channels to achieve uniform electrolyte distribution can efficiently improve the energy efficiency of electrolyzers, especially under high current density operation. This work proposes a genetic algorithm (GA) based framework for efficient optimization of flow channel design to improve the flow uniformity of electrolyte. The framework includes the selection of turbulence units in partitioned regions, identification of important parameters, GA optimization and result evaluation. Through feature importance analysis, six important parameters related to the lateral and longitudinal spacings of adjacent turbulence units in different regions of the flow channel are selected for global optimization. Enhancing the inlet uniformity is identified to significantly contribute to overall uniform flow performance in the channel. The flow channel design is optimized using GA through 38 generations before reaching convergence with a population size of 100. Results show that a combined improvement of 13.80 % in flow uniformity can be achieved based on a partitioned sub-region design and GA optimization. These findings offer crucial guideline for advancing and enhancing the design of large-sized electrolyzer flow channels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"122 ","pages":"Pages 57-66"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and first-principles investigation of step-scheme (S-scheme) g-C3N4/α-MnO2 nanojunction for polystyrene photoreforming into value-added chemicals and hydrogen","authors":"Chirasmayee Mohanty ,&nbsp;Alaka Samal ,&nbsp;Jagadish Kumar ,&nbsp;Ajaya Kumar Behera ,&nbsp;Rita Das ,&nbsp;Nigamananda Das","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pairing the mechanism of hydrogen evolution alongside photoreforming of plastic-based waste items offers an integrated method to produce green hydrogen fuel and recycle post-consumer plastic items concurrently to promote the development of green technology and a sustainable economy. In this work, an S-scheme heterojunction was constructed using α-MnO₂/g-C₃N₄ for the photoreformation of polystyrene (PS) to generate hydrogen (H₂), and value-added chemicals. The experimental findings revealed the α-MnO₂/g-C₃N₄ heterojunction with 10 wt % carbon nitride showing a maximum hydrogen evolution rate of 12.6 ± 2 mmol H₂ g_cat⁻¹ h⁻¹, with concurrent conversion of PS into value-added organic molecules i.e benzaldehyde, benzoic acid, toluene, benzene, carbonic acid etc. The excellent activity with the stability of the catalytic system for over 30 h of continuous reaction was ascribed to the perfect S-scheme combination with higher redox potential, rod-like morphology, compatibility, and associated chemical resistance of the catalyst, which play the key role in stabilizing the morphology and surface active sites for long time. First-Principles Investigation confirmed the compatibility between the S-scheme counterparts that helped in the improved catalytic behaviour towards photoreforming and provided the groundwork for the advancement of photocatalytic systems towards simultaneous generation of green hydrogen and reformation of waste plastic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"120 ","pages":"Pages 628-641"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the role of bismuth doping in NiFe layered double hydroxide catalysts: Synergistic electronic modulation for superior oxygen evolution activity","authors":"Suqing Lu,&nbsp;Ang Wang,&nbsp;Aiyun Jiang,&nbsp;Junle Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of non-precious metal electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity and durability for oxygen evolution reactions (OER) is critical for electrochemical water splitting technologies. In this study, Bi-doped NiFe layered double hydroxide catalysts (NiFeBi LDH) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method, and their OER performance was systematically evaluated. The results demonstrated that NiFeBi LDH exhibited remarkable catalytic activity in 1.0 M KOH solution. Compared to NiFe LDH and some other similar catalysts reported in the literature, NiFeBi LDH demonstrates significant advantages with an overpotential of 85 mV, a Tafel slope of 48.01 mV·dec⁻¹, and a charge transfer resistance of 0.66466 Ω at a current density of 10 mA cm⁻². Meanwhile, NiFeBi LDH can trigger surface reconstruction and generate high-activity NiFeOOH species at a low overpotential. In situ Raman spectroscopy revealed the mechanism by which Bi doping enhances surface reconstruction during OER. Further density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that Bi doping significantly improved the OER activity of NiFeBi LDH. This study not only advances the understanding of the OER mechanism in NiFeBi LDH catalysts but also provides valuable insights for the design of efficient, low-cost non-precious metal electrocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"123 ","pages":"Pages 23-31"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation of the oxidation behaviour of stainless steel exposed to different air- and oxy-fuel natural gas or hydrogen combustion atmospheres and temperatures during reheating on a semi-industrial scale","authors":"Claudia Radünz ,&nbsp;Stefan Schwarz ,&nbsp;María Agustina Ravotti ,&nbsp;Christian Kislinger ,&nbsp;Benjamin Plank ,&nbsp;Martin Demuth ,&nbsp;Christoph Hochenauer","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the future, steel has to be manufactured with significantly lower CO₂ emissions. Consequently, heating methods other than natural gas-fired furnaces with air as an oxidiser need to be employed. This study investigates the impact of air- and oxy-fuel combustion with natural gas and hydrogen on the scaling behaviour of EN 1.4307 (AISI 304L) stainless steel. The residual oxygen, <figure><img></figure> , and the sample core temperature, 1200<!--> <!-->°C and 1300<!--> <!-->°C, were varied. A discontinuous gravimetric measurement method was applied, utilising ten samples of 20 × 20 × 65<!--> <!-->mm dimensions for each set. For atmosphere generation in a semi-industrial furnace, a multi-fuel and -oxidiser burner was used. The specific mass gain was most heavily dependent on the temperature, followed by the oxidiser and fuel. In the oxy-fuel combustion mode, the presence of residual oxygen in the atmosphere and the fuel had a negligible influence. At 1200<!--> <!-->°C, switching from natural gas/air combustion to hydrogen/air combustion resulted in a 15<!--> <!-->% increase in the specific mass gain and, when switching from natural gas/air to oxy-fuel with natural gas or hydrogen, in a 40<!--> <!-->% increase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"122 ","pages":"Pages 67-81"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal green ammonia system design for minimum levelized costs in Southern Argentina","authors":"Ignacio Schmidhalter ,&nbsp;Miguel C. Mussati ,&nbsp;Sergio F. Mussati ,&nbsp;Marian G. Marcovecchio ,&nbsp;Pio A. Aguirre","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a mathematical model for the optimal design of green ammonia production systems in Argentina, specifically in Patagonia and Buenos Aires Province. The objective is to minimize the levelized cost of ammonia (LCOA) while meeting delivery constraints. The location of the renewable energy farm has a significant impact on the optimal system sizing and the LCOA. For the locations under analysis, the optimal farm-to-electrolyzer peak power ratio varies between 1.3 and 2.3, with the LCOA ranging from 562 to 696 USD/t NH₃. Comparative analysis of constant nominal efficiencies and variable real efficiencies in the electrolyzer and Haber-Bosch (HB) processes reveals the emergence of different design configurations, with a potential discrepancy of up to 15 % in power ratio, 80 % in H₂ storage capacity, and 10 % in LCOA. An increase in the HB turn-down ratio from 40 % to 80 % has a significant impact on optimal design, influencing the power ratio, storage of hydrogen, nitrogen, and ammonia, as well as the LCOA, by 11 %, 760 %, 180 %, 14 %, and 7 %, respectively. Systems designed for constant nominal efficiency may experience frequent HB shutdowns when operating at real variable efficiencies. Delivery constraints showed limited impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"121 ","pages":"Pages 337-350"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"China's renewable reformation: Financial dynamics in the age of hydrogen energy and green financing transformation","authors":"Rui Qian ,&nbsp;Norkhairul Hafiz Bajuri ,&nbsp;Muhammad Umair ,&nbsp;Nawal Abdalla Adam ,&nbsp;Zaka Ullah","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China has rapidly transformed its energy landscape over the past few decades, shifting towards sustainable energy sources and green financing mechanisms. However, despite the country's ambitious commitment to renewable energy and green finance, regional disparities in financial accessibility and renewable energy investments persist. The efficiency of green financing instruments in fostering hydrogen energy adoption and sustainable energy infrastructure remains underexplored. This study investigates the financial dynamics underpinning China's renewable energy transition, with a particular focus on hydrogen energy and green financing from 1990 to 2023. Using an econometric model, panel data from 30 provinces are analyzed to assess the impact of financial incentives, investment patterns, and policy interventions on renewable energy development. The findings reveal that green financing policies have significantly boosted hydrogen energy investments, particularly in industrial and high-tech sectors, yet regional disparities remain evident, with coastal provinces benefiting more from financial instruments than inland regions. Financial incentives, such as subsidies and tax benefits, have driven technological advancements and increased renewable energy adoption, while market-based carbon pricing mechanisms have positively influenced investment in hydrogen and renewable energy projects. The econometric model further confirms a strong correlation between green credit availability and renewable energy infrastructure development. Based on these insights, the study underscores the need for enhanced financial accessibility and policy coordination across provinces to bridge regional disparities and ensure an equitable and accelerated transition to renewable energy in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"121 ","pages":"Pages 351-360"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic interfacial dynamics of CoFe-LDH@ZnCo2O4 as robust hybrid heterostructures for sustainable water electrolysis","authors":"T. Govindaraj ,&nbsp;C. Kanagaraj ,&nbsp;E. Senthil Kumar ,&nbsp;M. Navaneethan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.02.463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.02.463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of efficient and stable cobalt-based spinel oxide catalysts is crucial for sustainable and clean energy production through electrocatalytic water splitting. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have emerged as a promising class of non-noble metal electrocatalysts for both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions. In this study, we report the hybrid heterostructure CoFe-LDH@ZnCo₂O₄ on a self-supported nickel foam substrate (ZCF-LDH/NF) using a cost-effective two-step hydrothermal process. The robust interfacial network and abundant catalytically active sites of ZCF-LDH/NF facilitate efficient charge transfer. The resulting ZCF-LDH/NF catalyst exhibits remarkable bifunctional electrocatalytic activity, achieving low overpotentials of approximately 290 mV and 296 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and 195 mV and 208 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at a current density of 50 mA cm⁻² in both fresh and simulated alkaline seawater, respectively. Additionally, the integrated water electrolyzer featuring ZCF-LDH/NF₍₋₎‖ZCF-LDH/NF₍₊₎ electrodes demonstrates impressive performance, requiring only 1.61 V to reach 10 mA cm⁻² in alkaline and 1.64 V in simulated alkaline conditions. Further, Mott–Schottky analysis reveals the semiconductor properties and flat-band potentials of the components, providing insights into the charge transfer mechanisms. First-principles density functional theory calculations unveil the creation of more active sites on the CoFe-LDH surface, contributing to the heterostructure's overall catalytic activity. Notably, this work presents spinel oxide/LDH-based heterostructures as efficient and cost-effective catalysts with negligible catalytic activity loss, offering great potential for sustainable hydrogen production and energy conversion applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"121 ","pages":"Pages 361-374"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}