International Journal of Hydrogen Energy最新文献

{"title":"Local sensitivity and deep learning analysis of heat transfer in an arc-shaped lid-driven cavity using hybrid nanofluids in dihydrogen monoxide under quadratic magnetoconvection","authors":"Sami Ul haq ,&nbsp;Muhammad Bilal Ashraf ,&nbsp;Sultan Alshehery ,&nbsp;Kaouther Ghachem ,&nbsp;Aboulbaba Eladeb ,&nbsp;Lioua Kolsi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates fluid flow and heat transfer in an arc-shaped lid-driven cavity filled with Cu–Al₂O₃/water nanofluid under quadratic magnetoconvection. The coupled Navier–Stokes and energy equations are solved using the finite element method with the Newton–Pardiso solver. Two objectives are addressed: (i) sensitivity analysis of six governing parameters on the average Nusselt number using response surface methodology (central composite design and analysis of variance in MINITAB 21) and (ii) prediction of the Nusselt number using a Levenberg–Marquardt artificial neural network trained in MATLAB 21. Results show that the Richardson number exerts the strongest influence on heat transfer. Quadratic magnetoconvection enhances circulation and lowers average temperature, with greater impact on streamlines and isotherms than linear convection. The Eckert number further intensifies flow and thermal fields. Overall, the arc-shaped cavity achieves an 8.48 % higher heat transfer rate compared to a flat-wall cavity, underscoring its superior thermal performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 151701"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defect-driven cobalt hydroxide with capacitive properties for enhanced nitrogen reduction catalysis","authors":"Hai-Jun Liu ,&nbsp;Shuo Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiu-Ju Fu ,&nbsp;Xue-Bo Zhao ,&nbsp;Qun-Wei Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia (NH₃) with high hydrogen capacity (17.6 wt%) has drawn worldwide attention as an alternative energy carrier. Among sustainable NH₃ synthesis technologies, the electrochemical N₂ reduction reaction (NRR) driven by renewable energy generation is considered as an attractive pathway for artificial N₂ fixation. Inexpensive and efficient catalysts for NRR involving six electron-proton transfers are desired in the developing ammonia-based energy systems. In this work, a non-noble metal electrocatalyst of defect-rich Co(OH)₂ nanosheets grown on Co foam is obtained by an electrochemical oxidation process, showing a high NH₃ yield of 20.25 μg h⁻¹ cm⁻². A noticeable capacitive property of 924 mF cm⁻² demonstrates the successful formation of Co(OH)₂ with a high electrochemical surface area, and the high availability for Na⁺ adsorption on the surface of as-formed Co(OH)₂. Theoretical calculations show that oxygen vacancies benefit to reduce the energy barrier of rate-determining step for NRR on the surface of Co(OH)₂. The Na ⁺ adsorption on the surface of Co(OH)₂ with oxygen vacancies will further facilitate the suppression of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and promote the selectivity of NRR. The attention to the adsorption of alkali metal ions on the surface of capacitive materials will broaden the horizon for rational designs of NRR catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 151795"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear decoupling control for highly dynamic fuel cell inlet gas conditioning","authors":"Dominik Köppel ,&nbsp;Joel Mata Edjokola ,&nbsp;Merit Bodner ,&nbsp;Amir M. Niroumand ,&nbsp;Qingxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Johannes Lackner ,&nbsp;Stefan Jakubek ,&nbsp;Christoph Hametner","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fuel cells in transient automotive applications face highly dynamic conditions. Since the inlet gas states are strongly coupled, safe and precise fuel cell operation necessitates advanced gas control. This paper employs the nonlinear control methodology of exact input–output linearization and a parametrized model to decouple cathode inlet pressure and mass flow. The feedforward control obtains the input trajectories for the fuel cell’s peripheral components to guide pressure and mass flow along independent reference paths. The feedforward control is robustly realized in a two-degree-of-freedom architecture on a commercial Greenlight Innovation G60 testbed, allowing for imposing highly dynamic test cycles. It is validated in several experiments on a single cell, underscoring significant improvements in dynamic gas conditioning compared to conventional control approaches. These achieved testing capabilities are particularly valuable for diagnostics, rapid stress and end-of-line testing, and dynamic scenario emulation, advancing fuel cell development by enhancing experimental investigations during transient operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 151670"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning electrocatalytic activity of Janus CrSSe via TM atom adsorption: Implications for HER/HOR/ORR/OER reactions","authors":"Feiyu Jia ,&nbsp;Ping Li ,&nbsp;Dongyang Mao ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Zhengrui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development and practical use of new energy materials rely heavily on designing high-efficiency, multifunctional catalysts for HER, HOR, ORR, and OER. In this study, 20 transition metal atoms were adsorbed on distinct sites of Janus material CrSSe's surface. Based on DFT and combined with VASPsol simulations, 120 structures were calculated to evaluate catalytic activity in liquid. We found FCC_Se_Ru@CrSSe exhibited excellent HER/HOR (lowest ΔG_H∗ = −0.07eV), FCC_Se_Ir@CrSSe showed remarkable OER/ORR (η^ORR = 0.37V, η^OER = 0.46V) (promising bifunctional catalysts), and FCC_Se_Pd@CrSSe acted as a trifunctional catalyst (good HER/HOR, high ORR). These catalysts outperformed traditional Pt (111) and RuO₂ (110). This research proposed a new paradigm for multifunctional catalysts and expanded Janus materials' application in electrochemical energy storage and conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 151778"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural network based molecular dynamics simulations for oxide ion transport in solid oxide electrolysis cell materials","authors":"Sher Ahmad,&nbsp;Daniël Emmery,&nbsp;Fausto Gallucci,&nbsp;John van der Schaaf","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) based hydrogen production is regarded as one of the most efficient methods for sustainable energy conversion. Brownmillerite-type oxides, such as Ca₂Fe₂O₅, have recently gained significant interest due to their inherent oxygen vacancy channels that facilitate oxide ion transport through the structure. In this research work, neural network-based interatomic potentials (ML-IAPs) were employed in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the oxide ion transport in Co-doped brownmillerites. The simulation results and experimental data aligned within 98 % accuracy. Parametric analysis revealed that temperature, Co doping, and oxygen vacancies enhances oxide ionic conductivity in these materials. Co doping leads to a 2–3 fold increase in diffusion coefficient compared to undoped Ca₂Fe₂O₅ structure. From the trajectory analysis, oxygen pathways, and anisotropic nature of ionic diffusion in brownmillerites is observed. The findings of this research provide a strong data-driven framework for accelerating material selection strategies, paving the way for next-generation high-performance electrolysis technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 151714"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Stochastic Scheduling of a Hybrid Photovoltaic/Hydrogen Storage-Based Fuel Cell System in Distribution Networks Using Dynamic Point Sampling and Adaptive Weighting","authors":"Mohana Alanazi ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Alanazi ,&nbsp;Mohammed Alruwaili","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a novel stochastic scheduling and energy management framework for a hybrid photovoltaic/fuel cell energy system integrated with hydrogen storage (HBES) in a radial distribution network. The goal is to minimize the total annual energy losses cost (TAELC), voltage deviation (VD), energy not-supplied (ENS), annual emission cost (AEC), HBES cost (HBESC). The study recommends an Improved Weighted Average Algorithm (IWAA) based on an adaptive exploration-exploitation trade-off (AEETO) to prevent premature convergence, which enables optimal scheduling and placement of the HBES. A dynamic point sampling with Adaptive Weighting (DPSAW) methodology is also recommended to model photovoltaic power and network loading uncertainties in the stochastic scheduling framework. The strategy is tested on a 33-bus radial distribution network, and scenarios Case I (PV alone), Case II (PV + FC), and Case III (energy management and stochastic scheduling of PV + FC) are studied. Simulation results are presented to find that Case III outperforms Case II to improve network performance, reduce TAELC, VD, ENS, AEC, and HBESC by 18.26 %, 21.91 %, 15.10 %, and 0.75 %, respectively. The IWAA also demonstrates better performance and convergence rates compared to conventional WAA and other optimizers. Furthermore, the stochastic model incorporating uncertainties results in increases in TAELC, VD, ENS, AEC, and HBESC by 9.01 %, 8.70 %, 7.73 %, and 0.43 %, respectively, when compared to the deterministic model in Case I. The effectiveness of the DPSAW-based stochastic approach is further confirmed, emphasizing the significance of accounting for uncertainties in real-world energy management systems. This approach offers a more realistic reflection of operational challenges, facilitating improved decision-making for network operators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 151680"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techno-economic optimization of a coupled electricity-heat-hydrogen energy system considering seasonal hydrogen storage and demand response","authors":"Xiang Gao,&nbsp;Xupeng Wang,&nbsp;Lei Zheng,&nbsp;Shuzhi Zhang,&nbsp;Xiongwen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen is increasingly recognized as a key energy carrier for achieving deep decarbonization across sectors. Coupled electricity-heat-hydrogen systems (EHHSs) provide a suitable framework for its widespread deployment and practical application. However, ensuring reliable and flexible operation of the system requires addressing both long-term seasonal imbalances and short-term load fluctuations, where seasonal hydrogen storage (SHS) and demand response (DR) emerge as two promising solutions. In this study, a bi-level stochastic optimization framework is proposed for the techno-economic planning and operation of an industrial-park-scale EHHS. The proposed framework couples long-term capacity sizing with short-term stochastic operation, enabling coordinated evaluation of SHS and DR. The lower-level model optimizes energy dispatch under uncertainty, informing upper-level sizing decisions to ensure system balance and minimize costs. The system integrates renewable generation and hybrid energy storage technologies to coordinate electricity, heating, and hydrogen demands across multiple time scales. Then, three classic scenarios are constructed to investigate the respective and combined contributions of SHS and DR to system performance: DR-only for short-term load flexibility; SHS-only for seasonal energy shifting; and SHS–DR for coordinated multi-scale optimization. Results reveal that DR improves short-term flexibility but increases grid reliance, while SHS enables seasonal balancing yet underutilizes hydrogen for power generation. Their integration achieves the lowest energy cost, reducing COE by 25 % and 34 % compared to DR-only and SHS-only cases, respectively, while raising renewable penetration to 87.5 % and significantly improving system coordination and flexibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 151642"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic interface regulation of CoS2/CoP heterostructures supported on coal-based carbon fibers toward high-performance overall water splitting","authors":"Ningning Liu ,&nbsp;Tingting Huang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Liu ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Yu ,&nbsp;Guancheng Xu ,&nbsp;Li Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) and sulfides (TMSs) are regarded as promising non-noble electrocatalysts, yet their single-component nature restricts further enhancement of active sites, charge transfer, and durability. To address this issue, we fabricated a sulfide-phosphide heterostructured material supported on coal-based carbon nanofibers (C-CNFs) (denoted as CoS₂/CoP@C-CNFs) via electrodeposition, followed by a one-step vapor-phase sulfidation-phosphidation process. The heterojunction interface facilitates electron transfer and promotes the in-situ generation of active CoOOH during the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER), as confirmed by in-situ Raman. The catalyst demonstrates excellent Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) and OER performance with overpotentials of 67 mV and 210 mV, respectively, at 10 mA cm⁻². As both anode and cathode in an alkaline electrolyzer, it requires only 1.549 V for overall water splitting at 10 mA cm⁻² and exhibits remarkable stability over 112 h. This work presents a general synthetic strategy for highly efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 151699"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen leakage diagnosis and visualization of density and pressure using Background Oriented Schlieren with Dual-Channel MGR-Net","authors":"Yang Miao ,&nbsp;Avlessi Karl Joris ,&nbsp;Clarence Semassou ,&nbsp;Jingxiang Xu ,&nbsp;Di Wu ,&nbsp;Lejia Sun ,&nbsp;XiaoLu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate detection of hydrogen leakage is critical for safety in high-pressure hydrogen systems used in fuel cell vehicles, where even minor leaks can lead to severe deflagration risks. Conventional detection methods, relying on fixed-location sensors and manual inspection, are labor-intensive, slow, and unsuitable for large-scale, real-time monitoring. Background-Oriented Schlieren (BOS) imaging offers a non-invasive visualization approach, but its diagnostic accuracy is limited by conventional displacement extraction algorithms such as cross-correlation and optical flow. This study introduces a novel dual-channel Multi-Granularity Residual Network (MGR-Net) with transfer learning to overcome these limitations. The architecture employs a dual-channel input structure and specialized MGR Block and MGR Module for enhanced feature fusion, significantly improving diagnostic precision. Experimental results show a Dice coefficient of 81.88 %, exceeding ResUNet++ (77.34 %) by 4.54 percentage points, while reducing model size by 78 % and maintaining real-time processing at 42 frames per second, demonstrating both superior accuracy and efficiency for BOS-based hydrogen leak detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 151592"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of lean laminar premixed spherical hydrogen/air flames at varying initial temperatures","authors":"Nicolas Villenave ,&nbsp;Seif Zitouni ,&nbsp;Pierre Brequigny ,&nbsp;Guillaume Dayma ,&nbsp;Fabrice Foucher","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laminar flame propagation in hydrogen/air mixtures remains a key subject for clean combustion technologies, particularly under lean conditions where intrinsic flame instabilities are prominent. This study presents an experimental investigation of laminar, premixed, expanding hydrogen/air flames over a broad range of equivalence ratios (<span><math><mi>ϕ</mi></math></span> = 0.3–1.4) at atmospheric pressure and varying initial temperatures (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>u</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> = 303–453 K). Particular focus was placed on lean and ultra-lean conditions, where thermo-diffusive instabilities are most pronounced. The early flame development was characterized, and the influence of ignition energy was shown to become negligible beyond a flame radius of 5 mm. The onset of intrinsic instabilities was mapped as a function of equivalence ratio and initial temperature. Unstretched flame speeds and burnt Markstein lengths were determined using a nonlinear extrapolation method, particularly in the scarcely documented ultra-lean regime (<span><math><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math></span>). Results show good agreement with literature for <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math></span>, while the presented model underpredict laminar flame speed for <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></math></span>. The Markstein length decreases with <span><math><mi>ϕ</mi></math></span>, highlighting increased sensitivity to preferential diffusion effects and thermo-diffusive instabilities. Elevated initial temperatures enhance laminar flame speed and promote thermo-diffusive stability, as reflected by increasing Markstein lengths and delayed onset of instabilities. These trends are consistent with theoretical predictions involving the Lewis and Zel’dovich numbers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 151394"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}