International Journal of Hydrogen Energy最新文献

{"title":"Substitutional electronegative element defects-induced modification of silicene's electronic structures as high-performance cathode material for water splitting","authors":"Md Iftekher Hossain ,&nbsp;Foysal Kabir Tareq ,&nbsp;Souman Rudra","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing global energy demands, and environmental concerns underscore the need for innovative green and sustainable energy conversion technologies. Water splitting, an advanced method for green hydrogen production, offers exceptional energy density with zero carbon emissions, and can significantly alleviate environmental pollution and crisis. This study explores the modification of silicene's electronic structure through substitutional defects involving electronegative elements (P, Se, S, and C) to enhance its efficacy as a cathode material for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Density functional theory (DFT) simulations reveal that defect-induced modifications significantly alter the electronic structure of silicene, optimizing active sites. Among the various configurations, SiC₃-silicene emerges as a superior catalyst, exhibiting an unprecedented Gibbs free energy (ΔG_H) of 0.008 eV for HER, surpassing the performance of traditional platinum-based catalysts. Furthermore, SiC₃-silicene demonstrates a minimal overpotential of 172 mV at current densities of 500 mA/cm², affirming its potential for industrial-scale applications. A comprehensive charge transfer analysis shows that the incorporation of electronegative dopants induces substantial charge redistribution, markedly increasing charge concentration at the active sites. This enhanced charge transfer plays a pivotal role in stabilizing hydrogen adsorption, thereby improving catalytic efficiency. Additionally, the structural stability of doped silicene confirms that the SiC₃-silicene configuration maintains robust structural integrity, which is essential for practical deployment. This simulation-based study introduces SiC₃-silicene as a novel, high-performance cathode material for sustainable hydrogen production, paving the way for its practical implementation in sustainable energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 148-160"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ternary PdCoNi flower-like ultrathin nanosheet assembly with efficient electrocatalytic performance for formic acid oxidation","authors":"Bing-Tao Gong ,&nbsp;Fu-Kai Yang ,&nbsp;Yu-Qing Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan-Wei Li ,&nbsp;Wei-Li Qu ,&nbsp;Chao Deng ,&nbsp;Zhen-Bo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of high activity, high stability and low cost anode catalysts is a key challenge for the commercialization of direct formic acid fuel cells. The ternary Pd-based alloy catalyst has been proved to be an effective catalyst for formic acid electrooxidation. Herein, PdCoNi ternary alloy catalyst with flower-like ultrathin nanosheet structure are fabricated to serve as a robust electrocatalyst for formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) by a simple two-step wet chemical method. Surpassing binary PdCo Ns, PdNi Ns and Pd/C catalysts, the as-prepared PdCoNi Ns achieve extremely high catalytic activity of formic acid oxidation (3221.2 mA·mg⁻¹_Pd), with a mass activity 2.6 times that of PdCo Ns, 2.3 times that of PdNi Ns, and 6.3 times that of Pd/C. After undergoing 1000 cycles of aging tests, the peak current density of PdCoNi Ns catalyst remains at around 65.8%, far superior to Pd/C catalysts, demonstrating substantially improved stability. The improvement of electrocatalytic performance depends on the introduction of Co and Ni atoms, which can effectively modify electronic structure of Pd, increase the available active sites, accelerate charge transfer rate as well as promote mass transport by ultrathin nanosheet structure. Hence, PdCoNi Ns possesses a promising future as a fuel cell electrocatalyst.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 26-33"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interface engineering: Enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of heterostructure NiFe-based alloy over valorized carbon waste towards water splitting","authors":"Abdelraouf A. Abdelraouf,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Abdelrahim,&nbsp;Muhammad G. Abd El-Moghny,&nbsp;Mohamed S. El-Deab","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using cost-effective bifunctional electrocatalysts is a labor-saving approach to generating green hydrogen via accelerating kinetics for anodic and cathodic reactions, thus advancing the overall competence of water splitting. Herein, a facile electrodeposition approach, i.e., dynamic hydrogen bubble template (DHBT), is adopted to fabricate Ni–Fe-binary alloys at the surface of a wasted graphite rod (WGR) which is pre-treated via electrochemical oxidation in 1 M H₂SO₄ solution to bloom the surface properties, i.e., increase its hydrophilicity, surface roughness, and degree of exfoliation. Various analyses are applied to characterize the fabricated catalysts such as SEM, mapping EDX, TEM, XRD, XPS, and Raman tests. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) is used to probe the outstanding catalytic activity of NiFe/WGR towards both the oxygen and the hydrogen evolution reactions (OER) and (HER), respectively. It displays <em>η@</em>10 mA cm⁻² of −77, and 283 mV for HER, and OER, respectively. NiFe/WGR as a bifunctional electrocatalyst presents a low cell voltage of 1.6 V at a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² with insignificant change over a prolonged electrolysis time (24 h). This work shows the design of a profitable catalyst characterized by being active, stable, and bifunctional toward overall water splitting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 556-567"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing electrochemical hydrogen storage in nickel-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) through zinc and cobalt doping as bimetallic MOFs","authors":"Fahimeh Zeraatkar Kashani ,&nbsp;Mohsen Mohsennia","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pure nickel-based metal-organic frameworks (Ni-MOFs) represent highly promising materials for electrochemical applications, attributed to their cost-effectiveness, natural abundance, capacity to form Ni²⁺/Ni³⁺ redox couples, and exceptional catalytic activity. Nonetheless, their practical utility is limited by inherent challenges, including poor electrical conductivity, a propensity for stacking, and instability in aqueous environments, particularly under the demanding conditions of water-splitting reactions for hydrogen production. In this study, we aimed to address these limitations by designing and synthesizing enhanced porous Ni-terephthalic acid [Ni(TPA)] MOFs using a metal doping strategy. Zinc (Zn) and cobalt (Co) were selected as dopants due to their unique properties. Zn–Ni(TPA) and Co–Ni(TPA) MOFs were synthesized via a facile solvothermal method and subsequently compared with pure Ni(TPA). FE-SEM, XRD, EDS, FT-IR, and BET analyses were conducted to characterize the synthesized samples, confirming the formation of layered morphologies in Zn–Ni(TPA) and Co–Ni(TPA) with no detectable impurities. The electrical conductivities of the synthesized MOFs were evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and the corresponding Nyquist plots are presented. Moreover, the corrosion potential (Ecorr) analysis was conducted, revealing the superior anti-corrosion properties of the Co-Ni(TPA) MOF.</div><div>Electrochemical performance evaluations through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronopotentiometry (CP) revealed that the twentieth discharge capacity of Co–Ni(TPA) (4000 mAhg⁻¹) significantly outperformed pure Ni(TPA) (1850 mAhg⁻¹). Furthermore, the hydrogen storage capacities of pure Ni(TPA), Zn-doped Ni(TPA), and Co-doped Ni(TPA) were comparatively investigated to assess the impact of Zn and Co doping. The results revealed that Co–Ni(TPA) demonstrated a superior hydrogen storage capacity compared to Zn–Ni(TPA), likely due to the partial substitution of Ni²⁺ with Co²⁺, which increases the availability of free holes for gas adsorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 348-357"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photocatalytic performance of dual-function selenium-enriched biomass-derived activated carbon as a catalyst for dye degradation and hydrogen production","authors":"Hajirah Kanwal ,&nbsp;Asif Hussain Khoja ,&nbsp;Yassine Hajji ,&nbsp;Sehar Shakir ,&nbsp;Mustafa Anwar ,&nbsp;Rabia Liaquat ,&nbsp;Israf Ud Din ,&nbsp;Ali Bahadar ,&nbsp;Manel Hleili","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, hemp-derived biochar (BC) was synthesized and then activated with KOH to achieve activated carbon (AC). The selenium (Se 1, 3, 5 wt%) was loaded over AC and characterized using various techniques to investigate the physicochemical, electrochemical, and photocatalytic performance for dye degradation and H₂ generation as dual function photocatalyst. BC, AC, and the influence of different loading of Se (1 wt%, 3 wt%, 5 wt%) were examined for the degradation of crystal violet (CV) dye under sunlight. Amongst 3% Se-AC showed the maximum degradation efficiency (98.2%) of CV dye within 75 min and the electrons (e⁻) had a major contribution to the degradation of CV during the active radical trap test. The photocatalytic H₂ production performance was tested and the maximum H₂ rate 3095 μmol/g/h and light to hydrogen efficiency (LTH) 2.36% were achieved for 3% Se-AC. The post-reaction characterization showed competitive stability. A possible reaction mechanism was proposed for photocatalytic H₂ production and it is suggested that the Se loading played a key role in charge transfer enhancement due to high polarizability, d-electron richness, and its bond energy with hydrogen atoms (Se-H_ads is 273 kJ/mol) is comparable to the platinum (Pt) (Pt-H_ads is 251 kJ/mol).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 1288-1303"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of hydrogen release during CO2 sequestration in basalt","authors":"Ahmed Al-Yaseri ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Desouky ,&nbsp;Murtada Saleh Aljawad ,&nbsp;Aliakbar Hassanpouryouzband","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing climate change requires effective carbon sequestration techniques, with geological storage in basalt formations being a prime candidate due to their widespread availability and capacity for mineral carbonation. This study explores CO₂-basalt interactions under subsurface conditions, focusing on incidental hydrogen (H₂) generation. Controlled experiments at 5 MPa and temperatures between 323K and 373K reveal preliminary evidence of H₂ release, measured up to 0.18 wt% of the gas phase during CO₂ injection into basalt. Total Inorganic Carbon (TIC) measurements provide direct evidence of carbon sequestration, with values increasing from a baseline of 20.9 mg/L to 463 mg/L and 468 mg/L at 323K and 373K, respectively. These findings enhance our understanding of basaltic carbon sequestration mechanics and suggest a potential avenue for H₂ production alongside carbon storage. This study presents the first experimental evidence of H₂ generation during CO₂ sequestration in basalt under controlled subsurface conditions, highlighting potential dual benefits for carbon storage and clean energy production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 1183-1190"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly selective Hydrogen sensing by applying characteristic frequency at room temperature: Case study on TiO2–PdO hydrogen sensor","authors":"Supriya Kanth ,&nbsp;Darshil N. Domadiya ,&nbsp;C.A. Betty ,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar ,&nbsp;Sipra Choudhury","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.01.466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.01.466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report highly selective and reliable room temperature H₂ sensing using TiO₂–PdO heterostructure thin film based chemiresistive sensors in comparison with PdO thin film sensor. Gas sensing studies show higher sensitivity and better selectivity towards H₂ gas in the range 0.1 %–1% for TiO₂–PdO heterostructure thin film sensor compared to PdO sensor. Based on gas analysis results of the surface species formed, H₂ sensing mechanism is suggested. Temperature dependance of sensor response, repeatability, reproducibility, long term stability and humidity dependence studies at room temperature on TiO₂–PdO sensor show satisfactory performance promising viability for portable, hand held H₂ sensors. In addition to the advantages of heterostructure for better gas selectivity, increase in selectivity for room temperature sensor is shown using transient impedance measurements at characteristic frequency related to the target gas. Study suggests applying characteristic frequency measurements as a superior technique for obtaining high selectivity for portable H₂ sensor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"106 ","pages":"Pages 231-242"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nb and Ta co-substitution in Bi0.5Sr0.5FeO3−δ cathodes for IT-SOFCs: Performance insights","authors":"Isha Bhasin ,&nbsp;Gitesh I. Choudhari ,&nbsp;Vicky Dhongde ,&nbsp;Suddhasatwa Basu ,&nbsp;R.S. Gedam ,&nbsp;Oroosa Subohi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.01.456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.01.456","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study explores the development of advanced cathode materials for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs) through the co-substitution of niobium &lt;em&gt;(&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and tantalum (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) at the B site in the &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; perovskite structure. Both &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; were selected for their identical ionic radii and stable high valence state, which contribute to structural stability, while difference in electronegativity enhances oxidation reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics. The materials were synthesized via a solid-state reaction route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses confirmed the formation of a pure cubic phase and high-concentration vacancy in &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.8&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;10&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;10&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Branauer-Emitter-Teller (BET) surface area analysis indicated that &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;10&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;10&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; exhibited highest surface area, enhancing oxygen absorption. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed excellent adhesion between the cathode, anode and electrolyte materials. The symmetrical cell demonstrated low polarization resistance at &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;700&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mo&gt;˚&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, indicating superior electrochemical performance. A single anode-supported cell achieved a peak power density of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;590&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mfrac&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;W&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and the current density &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;600&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mfrac&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; with &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;10&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;%&lt;/mo","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"106 ","pages":"Pages 261-273"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the mechanism for laminar burning velocity enhancement with ethane addition in ammonia premixed flames","authors":"Siqi Zhang,&nbsp;Wanying Yue,&nbsp;Bin Zhang,&nbsp;Yuanchen Xia,&nbsp;Boqiao Wang,&nbsp;Jinnan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ethane (C2) is the second largest component of natural gas, which exhibits superior combustion performance compared to methane (C1). The C2/NH₃ dual-fuel combustion strategy effectively mitigates the shortcomings of NH₃ flames. This study employed a spherical constant volume combustion chamber (CVCC) to measure the laminar burning velocity (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>L</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) of C2/NH₃ across various equivalence (<span><math><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow></math></span>) and blending ratios (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>χ</mi><mi>b</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>). A chemical kinetics mechanism for C2/NH₃ is developed and optimized based on experimental data and existing models (GRI 3.0, SanDiego, CEU 1.1), achieving high fidelity in simulating <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>L</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> for binary fuel flames. The concept of flame precursor waves is refined by analyzing the roles of concentration, temperature, and chemical waves in flame propagation. Unlike the absolute leading position of concentration waves, chemical and temperature waves closely couple, creating a positive feedback mechanism. An equation of sensitivity analysis is established to examine the effects of fluid dynamics, thermal diffusion, and Arrhenius effects on <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>L</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>. Thermal expansion coefficient (<span><math><mrow><mi>σ</mi></mrow></math></span>) and laminar flame thickness (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>δ</mi><mi>l</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) reflect fluid dynamic effects, with <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>δ</mi><mi>l</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> significantly influenced by <span><math><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow></math></span>. At low <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>χ</mi><mi>b</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>, NH₃ dominates thermal diffusion, limiting <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>L</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> and enhancing instability. The Arrhenius effect remains the primary factor, particularly significant at low <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>χ</mi><mi>b</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>, while C2 somewhat weakens the effects. Near the stoichiometric ratio, fluid dynamic effects become more pronounced, but excessive fluid density gradients inhibit flame propagation under rich fuel conditions. Nevertheless, the favorable thermal diffusion properties of C2 enhance the thermal diffusion effect, maintaining <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>L</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> at a higher level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 959-971"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing heavy duty vehicle hydrogen refueling by alternative approach to SAE J2601/2 protocol and flow dynamics","authors":"Michele Martorelli,&nbsp;Matteo Genovese,&nbsp;Petronilla Fragiacomo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.12.378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper analyzes the hydrogen refueling process for heavy-duty vehicles according to the SAE J2601/2 protocol. Attention is paid to two key aspects of the protocol that affect the refueling process: treatment of the storage system from a thermodynamic and geometric point of view and the maximum deliverable flow rate of the station in the refueling process. The effect of the ratio of the inner diameter to the inner length of the total volume on the refueling process was then analyzed, and it was shown how far the new approach results deviate from the results obtained by applying the SAE protocol. A total supply of 28 kg was simulated but with three different configurations: 14∗2 kg tanks, 7∗4 kg tanks, and 4∗7 kg tanks. When analyzing the effect of varying the ratio of inner diameter to inner length, it was noted that in the most conservative case, there is an overestimation in terms of final temperature for the three configurations of about: 2.1 °C, 1.4 °C and 1.1 °C, respectively. This aspect has a significant impact on the refueling time, which could be reduced by about 9.9% in the first case and about 7.1% and 5.4% in the other two. In addition, refueling using the multi-tank approach was simulated for some case studies assimilated to heavy vehicles currently on the market in terms of the amount of hydrogen stored. These refuelings were carried out with stations capable of delivering a maximum flow rate of 120 g/s, 180 g/s, and 240 g/s. It is inferred that increasing the flow rate from 120 g/s to 180 g/s results in time savings for the three cases of: 35%, 34% and 37%. On the other hand, running up to 240 g/s results in time savings of: 54%, 52% and 55%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 234-249"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}