International Journal of Hydrogen Energy最新文献

{"title":"Resolving two pathways of Al(OH)3 formation in hydrogen production from aluminum water reaction","authors":"Nur Fadhilah ,&nbsp;Ruri Agung Wahyuono ,&nbsp;Mahardika F. Rois ,&nbsp;Doty Dewi Risanti","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen production from aluminum-water reactions is often limited by the formation of a passive alumina (Al₂O₃) layer that hinders reactivity. In this study, a new system was developed by incorporating sodium aluminate (NaAlO₂) into a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, with all parameters, room temperature and pH 13, kept constant to isolate the effect of solution composition. A maximum hydrogen yield of 77.4 % was achieved at a NaAlO₂ concentration of 0.5 M. In-situ electrochemical characterization showed that the reaction is governed by charge transfer across three stages: Al₂O₃ hydration, formation of <span><math><mrow><msup><msub><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>l</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>O</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow><mn>4</mn></msub><mo>−</mo></msup></mrow></math></span> accompanied by hydrogen release, and subsequent conversion to Al(OH)₃. The precipitation of Al(OH)₃ occurs in two phases gibbsite and bayerite through fast and slow reaction pathways, respectively. These pathways governed by solution stability, as a NaOH + NaAlO₂ mixture tends to destabilize Al(OH)₃ precipitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 112-120"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducibility of high-grade pellets directly reduced in hydrogen atmosphere: Modeling and experimental procedure","authors":"B. Sadeghi ,&nbsp;P. Cavaliere ,&nbsp;N. Ramos Goncalves ,&nbsp;M. Bayat ,&nbsp;M. Aminaei ,&nbsp;A. Laska ,&nbsp;A. Drewniak","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.06.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.06.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper analyzes the behavior of high-grade pellets specially developed for hydrogen direct reduction (HDRI). The reducibility of these pellets depends largely on their composition, porosity, pore structure and distribution. X-ray tomographic analyzes of the unreduced pellets showed different degrees of porosity as well as different pore sizes and distributions in each observed pellet. This prompted us to investigate the reduction behavior of each individual pellet at 1000 °C and 1 bar. The effect of composition on the reduction kinetics was analyzed using HSC software to isolate the effect of composition from the porosity structure of the pellets. After reduction, X-ray tomographic observations enabled the measurement of porosity variation in each pellet studied. The porosity variation data was used to validate a finite element model developed to analyze porosity evolution using COMSOL Multiphysics. The study found that larger pores have higher activity and a tendency to coalesce, forming interconnected networks that allow for better gas and heat diffusion. The results showed that porosity increased from approximately 30 % to approximately 65 % after reduction, and the close agreement between the experimental data and the FEM simulations confirmed the accuracy of the model. It was found that the presence of CaO and MgO increased the porosity and thus improved the reducibility, while the inhibitory effects of SiO2 and Al2O3 were minimized. These results contribute significantly to the optimization of pellet composition and structure for efficient and uniform reduction of iron oxides in hydrogen atmospheres.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 69-84"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of reduced graphene oxide amount on the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 nanoparticles for hydrogen evolution","authors":"Mahnaz Siahsahlan ,&nbsp;Sajedeh Mohammadi Aref ,&nbsp;Hamid Naghshara ,&nbsp;Rasoul Azmayesh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂-NPs/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite thin layers for solar-driven water splitting, aimed at renewable hydrogen production. The composites were manufactured as thin layers by using the inexpensive spin-coating method. Then, the effect of rGO content on their photoelectrochemical characteristics was studied. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of spherical titanium dioxide nanostructures and rGO, which leads to enhanced light absorption. UV spectroscopic measurements indicated that increasing the concentration of rGO improved overall absorbance and reduced the energy bandgap, facilitating enhanced photocatalytic activity. Photoluminescence analysis demonstrated decreased intensity with adding rGO - which has an optimum amount-reflecting reduced electron/hole recombination rates. The optimal sample (T-5 % G) exhibited the highest absorbance, lowest bandgap, and minimal electron-hole recombination, resulting in increased photocurrent and reduced onset voltage for hydrogen evolution. This research confirms that the formation of p-n junctions within the TiO₂-rGO composite effectively enhances charge separation and photocatalytic efficiency, presenting a promising approach for sustainable hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 318-329"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automotive PEM fuel cell catalyst layer degradation mechanisms and characterisation techniques, Part II: Platinum degradation","authors":"Sachin Hegde ,&nbsp;Ralf Wörner ,&nbsp;Bahman Shabani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review comprehensively examines the recent research on platinum catalyst degradation in polymer exchange membrane fuel cells within the context of automotive applications. The noble platinum catalyst is the most expensive component in a fuel cell that is prone to degradation, which poses a significant barrier to the commercialisation of the fuel cell technology. Understanding the fundamentals of the underlying degradation mechanisms is crucial towards achieving long-term durability and performance. This review presents a thorough analysis and critics on the major degradation issues related to platinum catalyst including platinum dissolution, platinum growth, platinum loss and migration, and platinum poisoning. A different perspective, from both kinetic and thermodynamic standpoints is employed to elucidate the complex degradation processes, offering a clear understanding of degradation pathways and reaction kinetics. Additionally, emphasis is placed on the key material and operational factors that influence catalyst loss, while also addressing strategies for mitigating this type of degradation. Furthermore, the topic of degradation quantification through the use of advanced characterisation techniques is discussed. Finally, limitations in the current state of research is presented together with future prospects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 179-212"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zr-substituted maghemite catalyst for water splitting activity","authors":"C. Mohapatra ,&nbsp;S. Pradhan ,&nbsp;Shah Ayushi ,&nbsp;A. Sharma ,&nbsp;C.K. Sumesh ,&nbsp;N.K. Prasad","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It has been observed that Fe²⁺ has more impact than Fe³⁺ in hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) and oxygen evolution reactions (OER). If we dope one Zr⁴⁺ ion in γ-Fe₂O₃ then it reduces one Fe³⁺ ion into a Fe²⁺ ion and simultaneously replaces another Fe³⁺ ion to maintain the charge neutrality. Thus, to get more Fe²⁺ ions for better effect on electrochemical water splitting reactions, we prepared Zr substituted inverse spinel γ-Zr_xFe_2-xO₃ (where 0.07 ≤ x ≤ 0.27) magnetic nanoparticles of average size 18 nm using a one step solvothermal method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectra, and electron diffraction patterns confirm the formation of single phased material up to x = 0.2. The presence of Zr, Fe, and O in their expected oxidation states was indicated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The maximum value for saturation magnetization was obtained as 62 emu/g for the γ-Zr_0.13Fe_1.87O₃ sample. The γ-Zr_0.2Fe_1.8O₃ sample after coating over 3D-Nickel foam, in an alkaline media demonstrates exceptional catalytic activity and great electrochemical stability. It offered low overpotentials of 1.48 V and 192 mV, respectively, to reach 10 mA/cm² for catalyzing OER and HER. Furthermore, the as-fabricated bifunctional electrocatalyst needs a cell voltage of 1.80 V to permit a current density of 10 mA/cm² for water electrolysis suggesting it as a very effective electrocatalyst for water splitting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 213-222"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultralow-loading Pt/Ni-supported CeO2 catalysts for efficient propane dry reforming: Enhanced oxygen vacancies and metal-support interaction for superior syngas production","authors":"Yuqi Niu ,&nbsp;Yan Cao ,&nbsp;Ning Liu ,&nbsp;Chengna Dai ,&nbsp;Ruinian Xu ,&nbsp;Gangqiang Yu ,&nbsp;Ning Wang ,&nbsp;Biaohua Chen ,&nbsp;Yubing Xu ,&nbsp;Hongxia Han","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dry reforming of propane (PDR) has attracted increasing attention for syngas production due to its lower energy demand compared to methane dry reforming (DRM). In this study, a series of Pt/Ni-supported CeO₂-based catalysts with ultralow metal loadings (0.2 wt% Pt and 0.6 wt% Ni) was synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method by utilizing H₂ as a structure-directing agent and PEG, EG as the dispersants. The optimized catalyst of Pt_0·2/Ni_0.6@CeO₂^−D-1H₂ demonstrates exceptional catalytic performance (C₃H₈, CO₂ conversions of 39.4 and 94.9 %; syngas productivity of both 30 mmol·g_cat⁻¹·h⁻¹) and reaction stability (pass through 30 h's reaction) at 600 °C. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including XRD, H₂-TPR, CO₂-TPD, XPS, and HRTEM, reveal that the introduction of H₂ and dispersants (PEG and EG) significantly enhance the oxygen vacancy concentration, which promoted CO₂ adsorption and activation. Moreover, they can also modulate the catalyst morphology structure, which effectively inhibits the sintering of active metals through promoting the anchoring of active metals and strengthening the interaction between Ni²⁺ and the support. In-situ FTIR analysis suggested a plausible reaction mechanism: CO₂ initially adsorbs on the catalyst surface to form carbonate species, which are subsequently transformed into formate intermediates and finally decomposed into CO and OH∗ species. Generally, this study demonstrates the development of a highly efficient Pt/Ni-supported CeO₂ catalyst achieving superior syngas production through enhanced oxygen vacancy generation, optimized metal-support interaction, which would contribute to other highly efficient catalyst designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 250-264"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of high-pressure hydrogen exposure on filler-elastomer adhesion","authors":"Mark A. Wilson ,&nbsp;Ian S. Winter ,&nbsp;Amalie L. Frischknecht","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elastomers are known to gain enhanced mechanical properties through compounding with nanosized filler particles such as silica or carbon black. Filler dispersion and filler-polymer interfacial strength are key contributing factors to this improvement. The interfacial strength is critical to part lifetime in pressurized gas sealing applications such as O-rings, where weak binding between the filler particle and polymer matrix can lead to internal void structures. With the aim to build a fundamental understanding of precursors to pressurized hydrogen-induced failure in elastomers, we use all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to study the impact of hydrogen oversaturation on filler-polymer interaction strength. We systematically study the interface between a commonly used elastomer, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) and silica by varying gas concentration, crosslink density, and surface chemistry. Our simulations predict that decompression leads to a localization of excess gas near the interface. We demonstrate that this localized gas can weaken interfacial adhesion and quantify the interaction using thermodynamic approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 19-29"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of biological carrier optimization on hydrogen production and biofilm formation in anaerobic circulating fluidized bed reactor via dark fermentation","authors":"Yufei Fu ,&nbsp;Yangfan Song ,&nbsp;Hongwei Chen ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Yanmin Li ,&nbsp;Qianyun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.06.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.06.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Promoting the adhesion of microorganisms to carriers is conducive to facilitating the hydrogen production of dark fermentation in biofilm reactors. Five methods for enhancing the attachment of microorganisms to carriers were proposed to improve the hydrogen production performance of novel biofilm reactor, anaerobic circulating fluidized bed reactor (ACFBR). In this study, acid, activated carbon, graphite, silane coupling agent and quaternary ammonium salt were used to optimize polyamide 6 (PA6), and compared with untreated PA6 carrier to explore the influence of carrier optimization on biological hydrogen production, biofilm formation and wastewater treatment in ACFBR. <em>Escherichia coli</em> and synthetic wastewater were used in continuous fermentation experiments with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4 h. The results showed that acid treatment developed maximum reactor biomass (38.95 g). Silane treatment achieved greatest average biofilm thickness (4.12 μm) and density (0.579 g/cm³). In terms of hydrogen production and wastewater treatment, acid treatment achieved peak hydrogen yield (0.921 mol-H₂/mol-glucose), hydrogen production rate (0.138 L-H₂/(L·h)), and COD removal efficiency (32.15 %).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 85-95"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition pathway from blue to green ammonia production: Comparative insight into technoeconomic, environmental, and policy framework","authors":"Mohd Nur Ikhmal Salehmin ,&nbsp;Tiong Sieh Kiong ,&nbsp;Hassan Mohamed ,&nbsp;T.M. Indra Mahlia ,&nbsp;Nur Atiqah Mohamad Aziz ,&nbsp;Sharifah Najiha Timmiati ,&nbsp;Zulfirdaus Zakaria","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia is increasingly recognized as a viable hydrogen carrier due to its high hydrogen density, carbon-free combustion, and mature infrastructure. However, conventional ammonia production is energy-intensive and carbon-intensive, prompting a transition toward low-carbon alternatives. This review evaluates recent advancements (2020–2025) in blue, green, and hybrid ammonia production technologies, including gas switching reforming (GSR), renewable-powered electrolysis, and emerging electrochemical methods. Comparative technoeconomic and life cycle assessments reveal that blue ammonia remains economically attractive, though dependent on carbon capture efficiency and methane leakage control. Green ammonia offers superior environmental performance but is constrained by high costs and renewable intermittency. Hybrid systems provide a balanced pathway, integrating the strengths of both approaches. The study highlights the role of technology integration, regional energy strategies, and supportive policies in enabling a scalable transition toward sustainable ammonia production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 147-178"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-thin gas diffusion layer with integrated hydrophobic and hydrophilic paths for enhanced water management performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells","authors":"He Liu,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhang,&nbsp;Biao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water flooding has become a barrier to achieving high energy output in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) under high humidity conditions. In this study, a novel gas diffusion layer (GDL) composed of hydrophilic and hydrophobic networks is constructed through fabricating ultra-thin carbon fiber paper (CFP) via wet papermaking, which enables stable water/gas transport. The ZrO₂ fibers introduced into the hydrophobic GDL-net form hydrophilic pathways, while the residual hydrophobic nets are available for fast gas diffussion. As a result, the fuel cell peak power density based on this novel GDL is significantly improved, which is 1.95 times that of commercial GDL and 1.6 times that of the one only with hydrophobic paths. Additionally, a limiting current density as high as 4 A/cm² at 0.25 V is achieved, demonstrating that the ultra-thin GDL effectively shortens mass transport pathways. The hydrophilic regions facilitate water transport, while the hydrophobic network creates efficient channels for oxygen diffusion. This integration of hydrophilic and hydrophobic pathways in the ultra-thin GDL significantly enhances water management in PEMFCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"144 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}