Sina Sadeghi Chamazkoti, Ahmad Hajinezhad, Seyed Farhan Moosavian
{"title":"Techno-economic analysis and optimization of agrivoltaic systems for green hydrogen production in diverse climates","authors":"Sina Sadeghi Chamazkoti, Ahmad Hajinezhad, Seyed Farhan Moosavian","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the techno-economic feasibility of green hydrogen production with a PEM electrolyzer integrated with agrivoltaics (APV) across four sites representing Iran's main climatic regions: Behshahr (mild and humid), Zanjan (cold), Isfahan (warm and dry), and Bushehr (warm and humid). Three agrivoltaic configurations—fixed, mono-axial, and vertical—were evaluated, each with three different row spacings (pitches). PVsyst was employed for solar energy generation modeling and shading analysis, AquaCrop was utilized to assess water efficiency and irrigation requirements, and the AgriPV tool was used for crop yield simulation. HOMER Pro simulated the overall system performance, including hydrogen production and economic analysis. The energy generated was allocated to meet water pumping requirements for irrigation, with the remaining energy directed toward hydrogen production. The levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) across scenarios ranged from $2.92 to $6.69 per kilogram. The optimal scenario, identified through a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, features a fixed agrivoltaic system with a 5-m pitch in Isfahan. Assuming a hydrogen selling price of $4 per kilogram, this 20-year project achieves a payback period of 12 years and a net present value (NPV) of $814,000. Compared to conventional practices, the optimal scenario achieved a 27 % decrease in total tomato crop yield while reducing total water consumption by 40 %. Notably, it demonstrated significant improvements in both energy and agricultural efficiency, as reflected by a land equivalent ratio (LER) of 1.63. Although the cost of hydrogen production was 3 % higher than that of a standard solar hydrogen facility, the agrivoltaic system outperformed in resource efficiency and land productivity, underscoring its potential as a sustainable and integrated solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"123 ","pages":"Pages 247-264"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interplay between renewable energy factor and levelized costs in PV-driven buildings using hydrogen fuel cell system as an energy storage solution","authors":"Aminhossein Jahanbin, Umberto Berardi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an effective analysis framework for exploring the complex interrelation between the renewable energy factor (REF) and the economic dimensions of a PV-driven microgrid featuring a dual-level storage system that incorporates both hydrogen and electrical energy storage. By establishing a coupled model that integrates dynamic simulations with a statistical multi-objective optimization algorithm, the research aims to achieve optimal component sizing—a critical step in assessing the hybrid system across various REF levels—while effectively reducing the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). Using the analysis outcomes of a case study, a comprehensive techno-economic assessment facilitates a nuanced evaluation of the interplay between the REF, system economics across various equipment cost quartiles, and grid tariffs, addressing the feasibility of the proposed solution for a sustainable energy transition. The results highlight how grid tariffs and REF jointly influence LCOE values across cost quartiles, impacting hybrid system design and decision-making. An exponential correlation is observed between life cycle cost (LCC) and REF, with the increase in annual operating costs being marginal compared to the initial cost rise. For the net-zero energy case, the LCOE ranges from 0.0380 to 0.1873 $/kWh, while at REF = 0.6, it spans from 0.0461 to 0.1334 $/kWh, reflecting a 71 % larger difference (range). A sensitivity analysis indicates that each 5 % increase in REF leads to an average 20.7 % rise in payback period (PBP) for a given grid tariff.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"122 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sana Ullah , Sidra Sohail , Muhammad Tariq Majeed , Muhammad Tayyab Sohail
{"title":"Future of hydrogen energy: The role of environmental policy and political globalization","authors":"Sana Ullah , Sidra Sohail , Muhammad Tariq Majeed , Muhammad Tayyab Sohail","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alternative and carbon-free energy sources are widely recognized as drivers of clean and green ecosystems and sustainable development. Hydrogen energy is gaining popularity as a carbon-free energy source and can replace fossil fuel-based energy sources. Therefore, it is important to estimate the determinants of hydrogen energy. This analysis aims to investigate the effects of environmental policy stringency and political globalization on hydrogen energy in the top seven hydrogen-innovating economies using the CS-ARDL methodology. The long-run results indicate that stringent environmental policies and political globalization positively impact hydrogen energy technology. In contrast, in the short run, only the environmental policy fosters hydrogen technology, whereas the other factors do not exert a significant influence on hydrogen energy technology. In the long run, a 1 % rise in the environmental policy stringency enhances the production of hydrogen-related technologies by 0.212 %, while in the short run, the hydrogen energy technologies improve by 0.20 %. The rise in political globalization by 1 % leads to enhanced development of hydrogen energy by 1.825 %. However, in the short run, we did not find any noticeable influence of political globalization on hydrogen energy. Similarly, with the 1 % rise in economic growth and financial development, hydrogen technology improves by 0.121 % and 2.342 %, in the long-run. Given the positive influence of environmental policy and political globalization on hydrogen energy, the study suggests that policymakers need to design strict environmental policies and encourage international collaboration to develop hydrogen technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"122 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proton conducting Zn-doped BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Zn0.1O3−δ electrolyte with enhanced ionic conductivity for durable CH4 fueled solid oxide fuel cells","authors":"Jialu Wei, Fanghui Mi, Wei Zhang, Chunwen Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>BaCeO<sub>3</sub>-based proton conductors exhibit high ionic conductivity but suffer from poor chemical stability and high sintering temperatures, limiting their application in protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs). This study demonstrates that Zn doping in BaZr<sub>0.1</sub>Ce<sub>0.7</sub>Y<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3−δ</sub> (BZCY) enhances both chemical stability and ionic conductivity. BaZr<sub>0.1</sub>Ce<sub>0.7</sub>Y<sub>0.1</sub>Zn<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>3−δ</sub> (BZCYZn) achieves higher proton conductivities of 0.022 S cm<sup>−1</sup> in humid H<sub>2</sub> and 0.019 S cm<sup>−1</sup> in CH<sub>4</sub> at 750 °C, surpassing those of BZCY. Zn doping improves conductivity in both the bulk and grain boundaries. An anode-supported single cell using BZCYZn as the electrolyte delivers peak power densities of 1324.63 mW cm<sup>−2</sup> in H<sub>2</sub> and 647.49 mW cm<sup>−2</sup> in CH<sub>4</sub>, significantly outperforming BZCY. The electrochemical performance and mass transport properties of BZCYZn are further analyzed using distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"122 ","pages":"Pages 180-191"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combustion and emission characteristics of RCCI engine fueled with hydrogen and karanja biodiesel renewable fuels","authors":"S.P. Wategave , N.R. Banapurmath , K.S. Nivedhitha , Ashok M. Sajjan , M.S. Sawant , IrfanAnjum Badruddin , Sarfaraz Kamangar , R.S. Hosmath","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a diesel engine, heterogeneous combustion is more harmful, noisy, and uncontrollable. Reactivity-controlled compression ignition mode engines that run on low and high reactive fuel combinations are a smart way to deal with this. The current work modifies a diesel engine to run on gaseous fuels in reactivity controlled combustion ignition (RCCI) engine mode, namely. The main fuels are hydrogen enriched CNG (HCNG) and hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>), while the pilot fuel is a mixture of diesel and Karanja biodiesel (BD20). Determining the operational limitations of HCNG and H<sub>2</sub> fuels for cleaner emissions and quieter combustion is the goal of this study. Additionally, for full load operation, the relative air-fuel ratio (λ), cycle-to-cycle fluctuations, emissions, and combustion noise were examined. With a split injection approach, the common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine is tuned for diesel operation. The knock limitations for the major fuels, HCNG and H<sub>2</sub>, are determined. At injector open time (IOT) 8 ms of LRF, the maximum in-cylinder pressures for HCNG and H<sub>2</sub> are 72 and 76 bar, respectively. Heat release rates of 86 and 87.9 J/deg, respectively, ES75 % and 22 % of LRF HCNG and H<sub>2</sub> were obtained. Using the RCCI mode of a modified diesel engine, an optimal of 75–80 % and 30–40 % ES of HCNG and H<sub>2</sub> LRFs is noted for clean combustion and emissions strategy. At optimum performance HC emissions of 42 and 138 ppm for H<sub>2</sub> and HCNG LRFs respectively were observed. At higher ES of LRF, lower CO emissions of 0.04 and 0.02 % are obtained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"123 ","pages":"Pages 184-193"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nguyen Xuan Khoa, Chu Duc Hung, Nguyen Thanh Vinh, Le Huu Chuc, Ta Duc Quyet, Nguyen Tuan Nghia
{"title":"Investigate the frequency and intensity of knock zone in hydrogen engine under different operating conditions through experimentation and machine learning method","authors":"Nguyen Xuan Khoa, Chu Duc Hung, Nguyen Thanh Vinh, Le Huu Chuc, Ta Duc Quyet, Nguyen Tuan Nghia","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on determining the Knock Index (KI) to analyze the frequency and intensity of engine knocking. Additionally, it provides solutions for optimizing working conditions to limit the occurrence of knocking. The research employs the Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBR) algorithm model and data collected from experiments, using the following input parameters: engine speed, injection timing, and injection pressure. A GBR-based Knock Index prediction model has been successfully developed, achieving high accuracy with: Coefficient of Determination (R<sup>2</sup>) = 0.993, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) = 10.447, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) = 13.506. The model has been used to investigate the influence of input parameters on the likelihood of knocking. The results indicate that the knocking phenomenon occurs with high frequency and intensity when the engine operates under the following conditions: engine speed less than 1000 rounds per minute (rpm), ignition advance angle of −15 to −25° (deg) After Top Dead Center (ATDC), and fuel injection timing between −80 and −90 deg ATDC and −100 to −150 deg ATDC. Furthermore, the research shows that the maximum KI reaches 750 (indicative of super knocking) under specific conditions: an engine speed of 600 rpm, ignition advance angle of −20 deg ATDC, low injection pressure, and a fuel injection angle of 110 deg ATDC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"123 ","pages":"Pages 173-183"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José A.S. Laranjeira , Nicolas F. Martins , Lingyu Ye , Julio R. Sambrano , Xihao Chen
{"title":"Hydrogen storage engineering in PHE-graphene monolayer via potassium (K) decoration","authors":"José A.S. Laranjeira , Nicolas F. Martins , Lingyu Ye , Julio R. Sambrano , Xihao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for ecofriendly and efficient energy sources accelerates the transition from fossil fuels to hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>), which requires advances in production, transportation, and storage technologies. This study investigates the functionalization of PHE-graphene via potassium (K) decoration. A comprehensive analysis of the K@PHE-graphene system revealed a transition from metallic to semiconductor character due to charge transfer from K adatoms (+0.89<span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>e</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow></math></span>). Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the retention of K atoms at their preferred adsorption sites, ensuring the structural integrity of the substrate. K@PHE-graphene complex has an exceptional adsorption capacity of 7.47 wt%, exceeding the DOE target of 5.5 wt%. Thermodynamic analysis also highlighted an optimal storage conditions, achieving maximum capacity between 100-150 K at low pressures (0–20 atm) and maintaining efficiency at higher pressures (40–60 atm) even at elevated temperatures. These findings establish K@PHE-graphene as a promising candidate for reversible hydrogen storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"123 ","pages":"Pages 139-149"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chuang Liu , Dong Xue , Wen-qing Li , Long-jie Yu , Jia Zhao , Ji-yuan Yang , Zhi-jiang Jin , Dong-yu Chen , Jin-yuan Qian
{"title":"Dynamic behavior and Joule-Thomson characteristics analysis on flow limiter inside hydrogen On Tank Valve for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles","authors":"Chuang Liu , Dong Xue , Wen-qing Li , Long-jie Yu , Jia Zhao , Ji-yuan Yang , Zhi-jiang Jin , Dong-yu Chen , Jin-yuan Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) are developing rapidly due to the decarbonization. Hydrogen On Tank Valve (OTV) is a crucial device for ensuring the safety of hydrogen storage system in HFCVs. In this paper, dynamic behavior and Joule-Thomson characteristics of flow limiter inside hydrogen OTV is investigated numerically by using dynamic mesh and UDF techniques. Realizable <em>k-ε</em> model and Real-Gas-Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state are used for 70 MPa hydrogen. Results show that pressure drop mainly influences the deviation from equilibrium position while spring stiffness affects the fluctuation interval. Fluid forces remain stable when spring stiffness above 4 kN/mm but fluctuate significantly at 2 kN/mm. Flow rate fluctuations are divided into two stages: flow regulation stage and steady flow stage. Joule-Thomson coefficient remains stable at specific temperatures. This study can provide references for the design of OTV and the safety of HFCVs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"123 ","pages":"Pages 162-172"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of the hydrogen influence on the combustion parameters of diesel engine","authors":"Evgeni Dimitrov , Mihail Peychev , Atanasi Tashev","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.02.114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.02.114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The article presents the results of an experimental study on the influence of hydrogen as gaseous fuel on the combustion process parameters of a single-cylinder diesel engine operating in dual-fuel mode. The study is conducted at an average engine speed of <em>n</em> = 2000 min⁻<sup>1</sup>, four engine load levels, and two different diesel fuel injection timing angles. Indicator diagrams are recorded for each operating mode at varying hydrogen mass fractions in the total fuel supplied to the engine. The data from the indicator diagrams are processed using a developed software that enables the determination of combustion process parameters. The analysis of the experimental results focuses on changes in cylinder temperature, the coefficients of total and active heat release, the rate of heat release, the duration of the combustion process phases, and other parameters as a function of the hydrogen mass fraction in the total fuel mixture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"123 ","pages":"Pages 219-230"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia Hoffmann , Julia Gallenberger , Nicolai Schmitt , Christian Goerens , Andreas Dreizler , Jan Philipp Hofmann , Bastian J.M. Etzold
{"title":"NiFeOOH deposition on various 3D electrode geometries to influence bubble dynamics under technical relevant alkaline water electrolysis conditions","authors":"Julia Hoffmann , Julia Gallenberger , Nicolai Schmitt , Christian Goerens , Andreas Dreizler , Jan Philipp Hofmann , Bastian J.M. Etzold","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.03.298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving alkaline water electrolysis efficiency is limited by high overpotential at the oxygen-evolving anode, especially at high current densities. This overpotential depends on catalytic activity and multiphase dynamics, which optimised 3D electrode structures, like metal meshes, gauzes, and expanded sheets, can enhance. We present a scalable, three-step galvanic deposition for fabricating porous NiFeOOH catalysts on 3D nickel substrates. Electrochemical performance is evaluated in near-industrial (1 M KOH, 35 °C) and industrially relevant (30 wt-% KOH, 80 °C) conditions in a three-electrode setup, achieving high stability and activity at current densities up to 1.2 A cm<sup>−2</sup>. Tuning the iron content during deposition yields optimal activity with increased iron content under industrial conditions. The catalyst on plain-woven Ni mesh maintains 1.43 V vs. RHE at 500 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> for 100 h. Successful transfer of the deposition method to expanded Ni sheet achieved 1.44 V vs. RHE at 1 A cm<sup>−2</sup>, surpassing an industrial benchmark (1.50 V vs. RHE).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"122 ","pages":"Pages 220-228"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}