Jiaqing Li , Huilong Liang , Zhiye Zheng , Lin Teng , Zhuwu Zhang , Ziqiao Gao , Yu Luo , Che Zhang , Lilong Jiang
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A critical review of China's hydrogen supply chain and equipment
China's dual-carbon goals have positioned hydrogen as a central pillar of its energy transition. This review examines the recent development of China's hydrogen supply chain, with particular focus on manufacturing technologies for alkaline electrolysers, high-pressure cylinders, and diaphragm compressors. In 2024, China produced 36.5 million tons of hydrogen, of which 77 % was grey and only 1 % derived from electrolysis. Storage and transportation account for nearly 30 % of end-use costs, while reliance on imported compressors increases refuelling station expenses by approximately 40 %. We identify key bottlenecks, including limited electrolyser efficiency, the high cost of carbon fibres for Type III/IV cylinders, and insufficient domestic capacity for high-reliability compressors. To address these challenges, targeted advances are proposed: membrane materials with engineered hydrophilicity, advanced surface modifications, and hydrophilic inhibitors; liner design incorporating grooved-liner braided layers with double-fibre configurations; and a three-layer diaphragm compressor architecture. By consolidating fragmented studies, this review provides the integrated manufacturing perspective on China's hydrogen supply chain, offering both scientific insights and practical guidance for accelerating cost-effective, large-scale, low-carbon hydrogen deployment.
期刊介绍:
The objective of the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is to facilitate the exchange of new ideas, technological advancements, and research findings in the field of Hydrogen Energy among scientists and engineers worldwide. This journal showcases original research, both analytical and experimental, covering various aspects of Hydrogen Energy. These include production, storage, transmission, utilization, enabling technologies, environmental impact, economic considerations, and global perspectives on hydrogen and its carriers such as NH3, CH4, alcohols, etc.
The utilization aspect encompasses various methods such as thermochemical (combustion), photochemical, electrochemical (fuel cells), and nuclear conversion of hydrogen, hydrogen isotopes, and hydrogen carriers into thermal, mechanical, and electrical energies. The applications of these energies can be found in transportation (including aerospace), industrial, commercial, and residential sectors.