From ontos verlag: Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society - New Series最新文献

{"title":"Zwischen innen und außen. Für eine Pragmatik des Diagrammatischen","authors":"Steffen Bogen","doi":"10.1515/9783110330496.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110330496.229","url":null,"abstract":"Die Grenze zwischen Innen und Ausen, verstanden als Relation zwischen Erlebendem und Erlebtem, ist bedingt durch Wahrnehmen und Handeln und wird mit unterschiedlicher Orientierung uberbruckt. Diagramme, so die zentrale These des Vortrags, sind Instrumente, die diesen Gegensatz in neuer Form beobachtbar und handhabbar machen. Als Kunsthistoriker, der von starken Diagrammen gelernt hat, analysiere ich im Vortrag Beispiele, die jeweils eine Relation von Innen und Ausen zum Thema haben und diese im Prozess der Einschreibung und Auswertung transformieren. Die Beispiele reichen von Figuren der antiken Mechanik und Elementelehre uber Diagramme in Mareys „Methode graphique“ bis zu Skizzen und Notationen des Grosmeisters der Diagrammatik, Charles Sanders Peirce.","PeriodicalId":317292,"journal":{"name":"From ontos verlag: Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society - New Series","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121946073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reaching the people: Isotype beyond the West","authors":"Eric Kindel","doi":"10.1515/9783110330496.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110330496.175","url":null,"abstract":"Isotype’s claim to internationality is embedded in its very name and in the title of Otto Neurath’s International picture language (1936), the book that describes Isotype most fully. Isotype’s international character is generally located in its techniques of graphic configuration that incorporate pictograms and other simplified graphic imagery to produce compelling and widely understood visual explanations that rely only minimally on verbal language. But just how international did Isotype prove to be when deployed beyond the modernised West where, by far, the bulk of its work was directed? – This paper will take as its case study the export of Isotype to British colonial West Africa in the mid 1950s, where it encountered the only significant test of its suitability in the developing, non-Western world. The paper will explore how the international effectiveness of Isotype was pursued, paradoxically, through strategies of locally responsive modification and use. It will identify how shifts in Isotype techniques of graphic configuration and changes in graphic imagery (including pictograms) helped in the adaptation of Isotype to West African contexts. It will also consider how the use of vernacular languages together with English amplified Isotype’s ability to ‘speak’ to audiences with force and clarity. Further attention will be directed towards Isotype’s work ‘on the ground’ in schools, hospitals and community centres where it was hoped a better understanding of local sites of learning and reception could be gained, an understanding that in turn would better shape Isotype’s delivery. And possibly most revealing of Isotype’s internationality, the paper will review attempts to train local peoples to make Isotype work themselves.","PeriodicalId":317292,"journal":{"name":"From ontos verlag: Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society - New Series","volume":"GE-25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126566438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Out of the Wild","authors":"Bart Lootsma","doi":"10.1515/9783110330496.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110330496.215","url":null,"abstract":"In the research project OUT OF THE WILD, the chair for Architectural Theory of the University of Innsbruck investigates three Austrian-born Architects and Theoreticians: Otto Neurath (1882–1945), Friedrich Kiesler (1890–1965) and Christopher Alexander (1936). This research has two main goals. The first is to investigate if it is possible to find continuous traditions in the work of these three, which could be traced back to the particular situation in Vienna after WW I. More importantly however is the fact that Neurath, Kiesler and Alexander all three have a particular relationship to anonymous and natural architectural practices and democratic design processes. When it comes to design, all three start from the smallest possible units to develop complex systems, methods and forms of organization. Now that research, design and planning methods that were developed for the first modernity, with its emphasis on classes and large statistic collectives, have reached their limits, it might be helpful to reinvestigate this other modernist tradition. Not in the least because Neurath, Kiesler and Alexander were also important forerunners of the Word Wide Web, software development and parametric design.","PeriodicalId":317292,"journal":{"name":"From ontos verlag: Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society - New Series","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115405971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Otto Neurath’s Isotype to Multiple Worlds of Visual Media","authors":"K. Müller, Armin Reautschnig","doi":"10.1515/9783110330496.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110330496.195","url":null,"abstract":"The talk will be focused on four main parts. First, a short summary will be presented on Otto Neurath’s visualization system, its grammar and its comparative advantages. Second, it will be shown that Otto Neurath’s arguments for the relevance of visualization are still valid and that visualization offers a powerful tool for analysis in the social and in the natural sciences. Third, the presentation will be concentrated on a special research segment, namely on comparative social research across Europe. For this area, numerous restrictions become relevant so that visualization in Otto Neurath’s form cannot be undertaken. Thus, the fourth and final part of the presentation will show a new online program under the name of WISDOMIZE which has been developed over the last two years and which allows the production of visual patterns which can be used for comparative analysis. The talk will show a small number of visual examples and will discuss the relevance of this type of visualization for contemporary comparative research.","PeriodicalId":317292,"journal":{"name":"From ontos verlag: Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society - New Series","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130992641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Showing Space, or: Can there be Sciences of the Non-Discursive?","authors":"B. Hillier","doi":"10.1515/9783110330496.249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110330496.249","url":null,"abstract":"In the Tractatus Wittgenstein argues that what is expressed through language cannot be represented in language, but only shown . He was thinking of logic, but complex spatial relations seem a clearer case. They are present in both minds and worlds, in that human beings live in spatial complexes like buildings and cities, and deal with them competently, but their patterns are nondiscursive and cannot be described in natural language. What language does have, of course, are terms for simple spatial relations involving two or three entities (‘inside’, ‘between’, ‘through’, ‘beyond’ etc), and these relations can be represented graphically, and so shown . However, by isolating their elementary concepts, it was possible to develop graphical representations of complex spatial relations which first showed how spatial complexity was structured, and then permitted it to be quantified, so in effect rendering space analysable and the nondiscursive discursive. But when we do this, we encounter Wittgenstein again in two senses. First, we find that Wittgenstein’s arguments against overarching structures in the Untersuchungen turn out not to be true for spatial relations, since culturally differentiated ‘spatial games’ can be shown again and again to generate universal emergent structures in the forms of cities, showing that for all its variation in cultural expression, these is a single underlying language of space . But second, although these emergent structures can be represented graphically, and tested against functional evidence, they cannot (so far!) be described within the formal language. So we are back to the Tractatus !","PeriodicalId":317292,"journal":{"name":"From ontos verlag: Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society - New Series","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125289906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peirce’s Notion of Diagram Experiment. Corrollarial and Theorematical Experiments with Diagrams","authors":"F. Stjernfelt","doi":"10.1515/9783110330496.305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110330496.305","url":null,"abstract":"An important idea in Peirce’s doctrine of diagrammatical reasoning is the notion of using the diagram as a tool for making deduction by performing rule-bound experiments on the diagram. This paper surveys the idea and its connections to central concepts in Peirce’s philosophy of logic, epistemology, and metaphysics, such as the notions of dicisign (proposition), of corollarial and theorematical reasoning, of abduction, of continuity, of real possibilities.","PeriodicalId":317292,"journal":{"name":"From ontos verlag: Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society - New Series","volume":"37-38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123061985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metapher als Entzug – Metapher als Gabe: Wittgenstein mit Blumenberg lesen?","authors":"Matthias Kross","doi":"10.1515/9783110330595.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110330595.75","url":null,"abstract":"Das Geheimnis der Metapher(n) hat sich mittlerweile zu einem Gespenst der Philosophie entwickelt. Trotz zahlreicher Versuche ihrer Hegung durch Theoretisierung entzieht sich die Metapher doch hartnackig der philosophischen Analyse und Reduktion. Es liegt daher nahe, sie mit Blumenberg als Konstituens nicht nur der menschlichen Sprache zu fassen, sondern zugleich auch das, wofur die Metapher sprachlich steht, als Metapher fur das menschliche In-der-Welt-sein selbst zu nehmen. Das Uber-tragen wird auf diese Weise zum Absehen von den Fundierungen des menschlichen Weltbezugs, zu einer sprachlich-konzeptionelle Invention zur strategischen Wirklichkeitsvermeidung. Die Metapher wird damit zu einem nachgerade gespenstischen Wesen, namlich einem Figur des Widergangers, der kraft seiner Anwesenheit die unheimliche Abwesenheit der Wirklichkeit in standiger Prasenz halt und auf diese Weise den epochalen phanomenologichen Riss des Weltverhaltnisses des Menschen nicht zu heilen vermag. Demgegenuber eroffnet Wittgensteins Sprachkonzeption die Moglichkeit, die Metapher in ihrer gespenstischen Paradoxalitat als konstitutives Moment der menschlichen Selbstverstandigung uber Welt aufzufassen. Sie ist daher als eine weltstiftende Gabe der Sprache zu betrachten, durch die das Paradox des wirklichkeitsvermeidenden Weltbezugs sich allererst formulieren lasst. Die zu diskutierende These ist, ob in dieser Qualitat der Metapher nicht jenes Mystische zu verorten ist, das den jungen Wittgenstein der Abhandlung umgetrieben hat und das uns zu der Einsicht verhelfen konnte, dass Am Anfang die Metapher war. Aber anders als Blumenberg, der seine Metaphorologie mit Rucksicht auf die Lebenswelt in pragmatisch-anthropologischer Absicht entwickelte, wird das Postulat von der Vorgangigkeit der Metapher beim spaten Wittgenstein eben nicht pragmatisch, sondern praxeologisch gestutzt und therapeutisch gegen die Theorie gewendet: Das philosophische Studium der Metapher soll nicht allein belehren, sondern auch heilen – sein phantastisches Kalkul besteht darin, zugleich Trost fur Philosophie und Trost durch Philosophie zu spenden – consolatio philosophiae eben.","PeriodicalId":317292,"journal":{"name":"From ontos verlag: Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society - New Series","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123323291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lebensformen und Lebensmuster: Zur Deutung eines sogenannten Grundbegriffs der Spätphilosophie Ludwig Wittgensteins","authors":"S. Majetschak","doi":"10.1515/9783110330595.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110330595.265","url":null,"abstract":"Der Begriff der ‚Lebensform’ wird von namhaften Interpreten seit je zu den Grundbegriffen von Wittgensteins Spatphilosophie gerechnet. Entsprechend hat er bis heute zahlreiche Deutungen erfahren, die - uber alle sachliche Differenzen hinweg - doch zumeist in der Auffassung ubereinstimmen, das ‚Lebensformen’ im Sinne Wittgensteins jene sozialen und kulturellen Systeme bezeichneten, welche die Sprachspiele einer naturlichen Sprache einbetten. Der Vortrag wird diese Deutung kritisch untersuchen, indem er einige Bemerkungen in den Blick nimmt, in denen Wittgenstein die Einbettung der Sprache in das menschliche Leben tatsachlich diskutiert. Mit der Tatsache, das Wittgenstein gerade in solchen Zusammenhangen, in denen es naheliegen wurde, freilich niemals von ‚Lebensformen’ spricht, wird sodann die Vermutung begrundet werden, das er mit diesem Wort etwas ganz anderes gemeint haben konnte. Dazu wird ein Deutungsvorschlag vorgelegt werden.","PeriodicalId":317292,"journal":{"name":"From ontos verlag: Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society - New Series","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121676587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wittgenstein’s Non-Explanatory ‘Craving’, ‘Discomforts’ and ‘Satisfactions’","authors":"F. Cioffi","doi":"10.1515/9783110330595.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110330595.219","url":null,"abstract":"Wittgenstein questions the pertinence of empirical enquiry to a wide range of psychological, aesthetic and historical problems. What those cases in which Wittgenstein denies a role to empirical enquiry have in common is not that the phenomena are necessarily empirically inexplicable but rather that explicability is not what is wanted. What is wanted is a clearer sense of the significance the phenomena have for us and, where appropriate, relief from the disturbance they cause. Wittgenstein’s most fundamental predilection is the prioritising of discourse in which issues can be resolved without recourse to matters not already known to the participants and of which they only need be reminded. Wittgenstein's suggestion that information-gathering and information-frequenting activities often have a deluded rationale has been found by some to be apposite and emancipating. But there are many who will feel that you misrepresent their situation if you don't give prominence to their craving for causal knowledge and causal narratives and for their need to reconcile themselves not just to inarticulacy but to vulgar causal ignorance. Why then should Wittgenstein’s anti -explanatory remarks nevertheless be attended to and circulated? Because some whom they reach will find liberating the notion that though much of the darkness in which they live is the darkness of vulgar empirical ignorance, this awareness must be complemented by acknowledgement of an inadequate grasp of their perplexities and their frequent misperception of them as predominantly matters which further information could resolve. Wittgenstein's remarks are best taken as flaschenpost uttered in the hope that they will incite some whom they reach to know their own minds better.","PeriodicalId":317292,"journal":{"name":"From ontos verlag: Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society - New Series","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116809389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trees, Levels and Ladders","authors":"L. Bazzocchi","doi":"10.1515/9783110330595.329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110330595.329","url":null,"abstract":"The final, unpublished section of Wittgenstein’s so-called \"Prototractatus\" manuscript allows us to rebuild the gradual course he took to arrive at the definitive structure of the Tractatus. So that it’s now possible to solve the remaining enigmas of the \"Korrektur\" cited by the author himself in the final pages of the Notebook. The text’s continuity with the preceding parts confirms the top-down technique coherently followed by Wittgenstein in developing the logical tree of his composition.","PeriodicalId":317292,"journal":{"name":"From ontos verlag: Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society - New Series","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123292350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}