Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020)最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
The Development of Interactive Project Based E-Module in Visual Program Course 基于交互式项目的可视化程序教学e模块的开发
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020) Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.201209.226
Y. Hendriyani, Ambiyar, Sukardi, Hansi Effendi
{"title":"The Development of Interactive Project Based E-Module in Visual Program Course","authors":"Y. Hendriyani, Ambiyar, Sukardi, Hansi Effendi","doi":"10.2991/assehr.k.201209.226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.226","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to produce learning media in the form of project-based interactive e-modules and to find out the feasibility of the media based on expert testing. The development of this learning media is based on the unavailability of innovative teaching materials in the Visual Programming course at the Electronics Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang. To produce the expected product, the development procedure used is the ADDIE model which consists of five stages, namely: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The results showed the results of the interactive e-module design that had been developed in the Visual Programming course using an innovative project-based learning model were successfully applied and feasible to be implemented in the learning process.","PeriodicalId":310793,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130402348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Effectiveness of the Augmented Reality-Based Learning Media Application on Student’s Interests and Learning Outcomes of Science Subject at Elementary Schools 基于增强现实的学习媒体应用对小学生科学学科兴趣和学习成果的影响
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020) Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.201209.260
Ali Fakhrudin, Arief Kuswidyanarko
{"title":"The Effectiveness of the Augmented Reality-Based Learning Media Application on Student’s Interests and Learning Outcomes of Science Subject at Elementary Schools","authors":"Ali Fakhrudin, Arief Kuswidyanarko","doi":"10.2991/assehr.k.201209.260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.260","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the application of Augmented Reality-based learning media on students' interests and learning outcomes in elementary schools in Palembang. The research was conducted utilizing a Quasi-Experimental design with Nonequivalent Control Group Design. This study's population comprised fifth-grade students of elementary schools in Palembang, sampling through a stratified random technique of 157 students. Data collection techniques used include documentation, observation, and tests. Based on the study results, the data showed that the application of the Augmented Reality-based learning media of science subject in Elementary Schools was more effective in increasing interest and learning outcomes compared to one without using Augmented Reality-based learning media.","PeriodicalId":310793,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121504372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reflection of Leadership Organization Communication 领导力与组织沟通的反思
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020) Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.201209.196
Rahima Zakia, S. Marsidin, Rusdinal, Gusril
{"title":"Reflection of Leadership Organization Communication","authors":"Rahima Zakia, S. Marsidin, Rusdinal, Gusril","doi":"10.2991/assehr.k.201209.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.196","url":null,"abstract":"Communication has a function as the adhesive and heart of an organization. Rift of the relation between the leader, lecturer, employee, and university students mostly caused by communication factors. Ineffective communication resulting in low efficiency and effectiveness of leadership work. Most of the leaders working to communicate. Implemented effective communication helped the leader convey the messages of the organization, on the other hand, ineffective communication rift the implementation of leadership duty. This research used a descriptive qualitative method. The respondent of this research was the head and secretary of the study program. Used a questionnaire as a research instrument. The result of this research found that this research purposed to analyze several dimensions of leadership organization communication in university internally and externally. The writing departs from the review and research agenda which refers to relevant journals and books. The result of this research showed that: leaders of study programs have been done internal communication properly in implemented leadership duty that is downward communication, upward communication, and horizontal communication. The leader of the study program mostly has been done external communication properly in implementing leadership task to provide information, cooperation, and feedback.","PeriodicalId":310793,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131311464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Development of Integrated Science to Improve Students’ New Literacy Skills in Cooperative Learning 在合作学习中发展综合科学以提高学生的新读写技能
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020) Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.201209.257
S. Rahmiwati, Festiyed, Ratnawulan
{"title":"The Development of Integrated Science to Improve Students’ New Literacy Skills in Cooperative Learning","authors":"S. Rahmiwati, Festiyed, Ratnawulan","doi":"10.2991/assehr.k.201209.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.257","url":null,"abstract":"Natural science is a science that provides important information related to natural phenomena, matter and energy. Learning science in the new literacy era requires students to master; data literacy, technological literacy and human literacy, which means that students are able to develop the ability to think, work and communicate well. But in reality it hasn't been done well. This study aims to determine the validity of science material and test the practicality and effectiveness of using science material in cooperative learning in the new literacy era. This type of research is research and development. Data collection instruments include validity, practicality and performance tests. The results show that the development of science in cooperative learning can improve the literacy skills of new students. this skill is needed for the next life.","PeriodicalId":310793,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020)","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115188366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of Entrepreneurship Module for Improving Santri Self-Fulfillment of Gontor 3 Modern Islamic Boarding School, East Java 东爪哇贡托尔3现代伊斯兰寄宿学校提高学生自我实现能力的创业模块开发
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020) Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.201209.195
Reza Fahmi, Firman, Mukhaiyar, Mudjiran
{"title":"Development of Entrepreneurship Module for Improving Santri Self-Fulfillment of Gontor 3 Modern Islamic Boarding School, East Java","authors":"Reza Fahmi, Firman, Mukhaiyar, Mudjiran","doi":"10.2991/assehr.k.201209.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.195","url":null,"abstract":"The development of this research is on the needs analysis of the entrepreneurship-learning module based. At Modern Islamic Boarding School of Gontor 3, Darul Ma'rifat and the students' Self-Fulfillment and conceptual and theoretical studies can strengthen the developed module. The research subjects were Modern Islamic Boarding School students at Gontor 3 Darul Ma'rifat in the Kediri Regency. Samples are taken used as a purposive random sampling technique. Researchers used a Self-Fulfillment scale, questionnaires, interviews, observation, and validation sheets for each developed module to get this study's selection. To ensure the data's validity, The study's findings show: (1) Selfreliance learning is needed in Pondok Modern Gontor 3. However, several problems are still found, namely: entrepreneurship learning is not well structured; it does not have a syllabus, lesson plans, systematic and programmed modules. So entrepreneurial education emphasizes learning by doing (learning while doing or working and is practical). (2) Entrepreneurship learning for students is taught to creatively and innovatively develop various types of productive businesses (cafeterias, bakeries, mini markets, sports shops, etc.). So it is hoped that they will be able to be independent (standing on their own feet or independent) without depending on anyone. (3) The entrepreneurship module is developed to increase students' Self-Fulfillment desires, and its distinctiveness is compared to other entrepreneurship modules. It used the ADDIE approach. (4) The entrepreneurship module developed is valid, practical, and useful because there are significant differences in the conditions of Self-Fulfillment who follow learning with the ADDIE approach compared to students who use conventional learning.","PeriodicalId":310793,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127173376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of Students’ Point of View Regarding to Writing Skill at English Education Section of IAIN Bukittinggi IAIN Bukittinggi英语教育组学生对写作技能的看法分析
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020) Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.201209.193
Absharini Kardena, Hermawati Syarif, M. Zaim
{"title":"Analysis of Students’ Point of View Regarding to Writing Skill at English Education Section of IAIN Bukittinggi","authors":"Absharini Kardena, Hermawati Syarif, M. Zaim","doi":"10.2991/assehr.k.201209.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.193","url":null,"abstract":"Writing skill has been widely known among students as one of challenging skills in English. It is categorized challenging since writing involves many aspects, such as grammar, vocabulary, spelling, cohesion, content, organization of ideas and the L1 interference. This research aims to explore students’ points of view related to writing skill. It aims to analyze students’ points of view regarding to some elements that may influence students’ acquisition in writing. They are students’ view of writing role, the way the lecturer teaches, media used in teaching, strategy used in teaching, learning resources and students’ difficulties in writing lesson. The research was conducted under mixed method research design. The data of the research were collected through questionnaire and interview. The population the research was students at the second year of English education section academic year 2019/2020 for about 115 students and 69 were chosen as the respondent of this research. The finding showed that mostly students agree that writing skill is an important skill in English. Besides, the students opined that there were many aspects that hamper their writing learning process, such as the media used, teaching strategy used by lecturer, and learning resources. Additionally, the students also argue that there 4 elements of writing which become high problems in their writing skills; they were grammar, vocabulary, cohesion and L1 interferences. This research is expected give contribution to help the educators to plan and design a better model for teaching writing.","PeriodicalId":310793,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129285064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Analysis of the Practicality of the PjBL Model for Biology Lectures 生物课PjBL模式的实用性分析
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020) Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.201209.210
I. Hajar, Lufri, A. Fauzan
{"title":"Analysis of the Practicality of the PjBL Model for Biology Lectures","authors":"I. Hajar, Lufri, A. Fauzan","doi":"10.2991/assehr.k.201209.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.210","url":null,"abstract":"Research and development have been carried out to find the practicality of the PjBL model for Biology courses developed in the Riau Islamic University (UIR) Biology education program. This study uses the R&D method with the Plomp model (2013). As the trial subject is a 5th-semester student of the UIR Biology education study program for the 2019/2020 academic year. The research instrument used was the model practicality, the model practicality instrument by the lecturer, the model practicality instrument by the students. Data collection techniques using observation and questionnaires. Data analysis with a descriptive analysis of kappa coefficient and percentage agreement validator, using windows application SPSS version. 20. The results of the study found that 1) the PjBL model for Biology lectures was carried out as a whole, 2) the practicality test by the lecturer obtained the results of the model being very easy to use in Biology lectures, and 3) The practicality test by students was obtained very practical or easy to implement in Biology lectures. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the PjBL model for Biology lectures is very practical to be used in biology courses at the Islamic University of Riau.","PeriodicalId":310793,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020)","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123472582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Model of Family Education in Developing Prosocial of the Children Using Playing Ground in Public Facilities 家庭教育在儿童使用公共设施操场的亲社会发展中的模式
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020) Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.201209.213
Setiawati, Jamaris, Rusdinal
{"title":"A Model of Family Education in Developing Prosocial of the Children Using Playing Ground in Public Facilities","authors":"Setiawati, Jamaris, Rusdinal","doi":"10.2991/assehr.k.201209.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.213","url":null,"abstract":"The low level of prosocial behavior of children in public facilities is the background for the implementation of this study, which is thought to be related to parental factors. The aims of this research to show the description of the implementation of family education in children's prosocial development in the public facility and develop a family education model of children's prosocial in the play arena in public facilities. This research is research and developed by using the ADDIE model which consists of five stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The populations for the trial subjects were all parents who brought their children to play in public play facilities in the Singgalang area. The data collection techniques used participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires. The data analysis technique consisted of qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that (1) Family education in public facilities playgrounds tended not to carry out prosocial activities for early childhood. (2) The availability of a family education model in early childhood prosocial development because playing public facilities is a valid, practical, and effective module. Recommendations are given to parents, early childhood educators, and related parties in the education of children and families should be able to use this module in children's prosocial development, especially playing in public facilities. Besides, it is recommended that the developer of housing complexes provide special land for children's playgrounds in their prosocial development efforts.","PeriodicalId":310793,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131052132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Delivery Pattern of Character Values in the Legend Group Themed of Lawlessness Folklore in the Minangkabau Nation Society 米南卡保族社会无法无天民俗主题传说群体中人物价值的传递模式
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020) Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.201209.224
Wahyuni Mulia Helmi, W. Hasanuddin, Harris Effendi Thahar, Y. Asri
{"title":"Delivery Pattern of Character Values in the Legend Group Themed of Lawlessness Folklore in the Minangkabau Nation Society","authors":"Wahyuni Mulia Helmi, W. Hasanuddin, Harris Effendi Thahar, Y. Asri","doi":"10.2991/assehr.k.201209.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.224","url":null,"abstract":"Intangible cultural heritage is a cultural wealth that contributes to the process of instilling good character values. These cultural properties can be used in planting, development, and strengthening of character values contextually by the characteristics of the nation's culture. Folklore is an intangible part of the culture that has a unique character and a description of the identity of a nation. West Sumatra, which is a province with a majority population of Minangkabau ethnicity, and one of the major ethnic groups in Indonesia, has a diversity of folklore as a cultural heritage passed down from generation to generation. The research did against some of the legends' folklore groups, which are scattered in the Pasisia and Darek area. It is namely of two stories representing the Pasisia area and six stories representing the Darek area, to find out the delivery pattern of character values in each of the folklore groups of legends on the theme of lawlessness which was passed down from generation to generation to the Minangkabau ethnic community. This study uses content analysis research techniques. The content analysis of the text is carried out in a qualitative paradigm. The folklore of a group of legends has the theme of lawlessness using negative delivery patterns the children of the Minangkabau ethnic community; this can build a logical and critical thinking attitude for children as the next generation of the Minangkabau ethnic group. This negative delivery pattern is still maintained by its users in the Minangkabau cultural story because this pattern is still believed to be the best pattern in conveying messages while developing the ability to think logically and critically.","PeriodicalId":310793,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020)","volume":"437 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122883634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Practicality of Mathematics Learning Model Based on RME and Literacy in Junior High School 基于RME与识字的初中数学学习模式的实践性
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020) Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2991/assehr.k.201209.238
Rusdi, I. Arnawa, A. Fauzan, Lufri
{"title":"The Practicality of Mathematics Learning Model Based on RME and Literacy in Junior High School","authors":"Rusdi, I. Arnawa, A. Fauzan, Lufri","doi":"10.2991/assehr.k.201209.238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.238","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the practicality of the Mathematics Learning Model Based on Realistic Mathematics Education and Literacy (MLB-RMEL Model) in facilitating the attainment of mathematics literacy of 8th grade students in junior high school. The study was focused on the field test phase in 3 junior high schools, each representing high, medium, and low school levels. At this stage, a teacher applied the MLB-RMEL Model at each school. The practicality of the MLB-RMEL Model is determined based on the results of the observers’ assessment of the implementation of the MLB-RMEL Model in learning, the results of the teacher's assessment of the practicality of the Teacher Book, and the results of students’ assessments of the practicality of the Student Book. Data on the practicality of the Teacher Book were obtained from the MLB-RMEL Model Teacher Book Practicality Questionnaire sheets which were filled in by three teachers. Each teacher came from the three schools where the field test was conducted. Data on the practicality of the Student Book were obtained from the MLB-RMEL Model Student Book Practicality Questionnaire sheets which were filled in by 89 students who had taken the field test. Data on the implementation of the PMB-PMRL Model in learning was obtained from the results of observations by observers at each meeting through the Observation Sheets of the Learning Process Implementation of the MLB-RMEL Model. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques. The results of the analysis of the questionnaire that had been filled in by 3 teachers showed that the practicality value of the MLB-RMEL Model Teacher Book on average was 91.63% in the very practical category. The results of the analysis of the questionnaire that had been filled in by the students showed that the practicality value of the MLB-RMEL Model Student Book was 81.66% in the very practical category. The results of the analysis of the observation sheet that had been filled in by 2 observers showed that the average percentage of the MLB-RMEL Model implementation in the three schools was 84.93% which was in the very good category. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the MLB-RMEL Model fulfills the practical criteria for the three school level categories.","PeriodicalId":310793,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133081559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信