D. Lenoble, A. Grouillet, F. Boeuf, T. Skotnicki, D. Hacker, J. Scheuer, S. Walther
{"title":"Fabrication of 60-nm plasma doped CMOS transistors","authors":"D. Lenoble, A. Grouillet, F. Boeuf, T. Skotnicki, D. Hacker, J. Scheuer, S. Walther","doi":"10.1109/IIT.2002.1257932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IIT.2002.1257932","url":null,"abstract":"As pulsed plasma doping continues to emerge as a viable alternative to beamline ion implantation for ultra-shallow junction fabrication, the source-drain extensions of highly advanced pMOS and nMOS transistors (60nm gate length) are doped using pulsed plasma doping derived from boron trifluoride and arsine starting materials. The device performance is compared directly to that of beamline ion implantation. The functionality of 60nm transistors is only achieved when using the plasma doping processes as short-channel effect is significantly improved and clearly demonstrates its benefits over standard ion implantation.","PeriodicalId":305062,"journal":{"name":"Ion Implantation Technology. 2002. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121041765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stability improvement of Therma-Wave signal by pre-annealing","authors":"M. Harada, M. Sano, H. Izutani","doi":"10.1109/IIT.2002.1257986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IIT.2002.1257986","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated causes of fluctuation of Therma-Wave(TW) signals in order to improve the stability of TW signal measurement. In case of heavy ion implantation, several causes were found, and pre-annealing before implantation showed the most effective contribution to improve the fluctuation. It is from 2.13% to 0.41% (1σ) in case of In+ implantation. This paper presents innovative improvement of the TW signal stability by the pre-annealing and other methods.","PeriodicalId":305062,"journal":{"name":"Ion Implantation Technology. 2002. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121047789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of damage formation by low-energy boron cluster ion implantation","authors":"T. Aoki, J. Matsuo, G. Takaoka","doi":"10.1109/IIT.2002.1258066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IIT.2002.1258066","url":null,"abstract":"Cluster ion implantation using small boron cluster, decaborane (B10H14), has been proposed as the solution for shallow junction formation. Investigation of damage formation process by low-energy ion impact is important issue because diffusion and activation mechanism of dopant depend on the structure of defects in the substrate. In order to study difference of damage characteristics between monomer and cluster implantation, the molecular dynamics simulation of low-energy boron monomer and cluster (such like B4, B8 and B10) implantation into silicon substrate were performed. Additionally damage induced by boron monomer and cluster ion beam implantation is examined using RBS channeling method. From both simulation and experimental results, the amount and structure of defects caused by boron monomer/cluster implantation were discussed.","PeriodicalId":305062,"journal":{"name":"Ion Implantation Technology. 2002. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121492535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Wang, C. McMahon, C. Xu, T. H. Baum, J. Mayer, L. Wang
{"title":"Development of new antimony and indium dopants for ion implantation","authors":"Z. Wang, C. McMahon, C. Xu, T. H. Baum, J. Mayer, L. Wang","doi":"10.1109/IIT.2002.1258024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IIT.2002.1258024","url":null,"abstract":"Three antimony and indium compounds, CH<sub>3</sub>SbBr<sub>2</sub>, (SbCl<sub>3</sub>)·[SbCl<sub>3</sub>·S(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>] and (hfac)In(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods. These compounds are highly volatile with excellent thermal stability. CH<sub>3</sub>SbBr<sub>2</sub> contains only one carbon that may minimize carbon incorporation. (SbCl<sub>3</sub>)·[SbCl<sub>3</sub>·S(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>] is a new volatile dimeric compound. (hfac)In(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> is an air and moisture stable compound and is readily sublimed at room temperature. These compounds show promise for use as ion implant dopants.","PeriodicalId":305062,"journal":{"name":"Ion Implantation Technology. 2002. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125177385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultra-shallow p-n junction formation by ion implantation at high energy?","authors":"A. Vyatkin, V. Zinenko, A. Pustovit, Y. Agafonov","doi":"10.1109/IIT.2002.1258075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IIT.2002.1258075","url":null,"abstract":"Further CMOS device scaling beyond 0.13μm requires very shallow p-n junction formation for the source and drain extensions. Ultra-low energy ion implantation is the key process to achieve this goal. Two principal drawbacks of the process: sample surface proximity to the implanted species,and space proximity of the dopant atoms and radiation damages accompanied by the enhanced diffusion phenomena give rise to the complexity of the shallow junction formation. It is known that even at high energy implantation, a surface-related peak of dopants is clearly seen by SIMS in implanted samples. Some authors consider the peak as an artificial effect of the SIMS. However, there are several physical reasons in support of the surface peak really existing. If it is the case, it suggests a way to produce a super ultra shallow p-n junctions with relatively high energy ion implantation when the main area of the radiation damages and subsurface area are separated in space. B+, Li+, Na+ and P+ have been implanted at 40 - 200 keV into Si wafers to find out the conformations of the dopants surface peak reality. SIMS analysis has been used to estimate the dopant atoms depth distribution. Enhanced depth resolution of the SIMS technique used allows to prove the surface-related dopant atoms existence.","PeriodicalId":305062,"journal":{"name":"Ion Implantation Technology. 2002. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128054141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Refurbishment of epoxy accelerator column bushings","authors":"H. Peebles, S. Bishop","doi":"10.1109/IIT.2002.1258036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IIT.2002.1258036","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new cleaning process developed for the refurbishment of the large epoxy bushings used as high voltage insulators in the source and accelerator columns of ion implant tools. The process is designed to remove arsenic compounds condensed on the internal surfaces of these bushing as well as scattered ions implanted into the near surface region of the epoxy. In order to remove the implanted ions, some epoxy resin on the surface of the bushing must also be stripped away. Lead oxide particles exposed on the surface as a result of the removal of this epoxy are extracted in the final step of the cleaning process. Data is presented characterizing the surface contamination found on a Varian E1000 accelerator column bushing from an arsenic implant tool. The morphology and composition of the internal surfaces of this bushing are compared before and after refurbishment.","PeriodicalId":305062,"journal":{"name":"Ion Implantation Technology. 2002. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133172695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of batch-to-batch substrate variation and cone effect on high energy implant distribution profile","authors":"Y. Hai, E. Shauly","doi":"10.1109/IIT.2002.1257995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IIT.2002.1257995","url":null,"abstract":"High-energy well implants for advanced 0.18μm CMOS technologies are performed at normal incidence angles for minimizing the shadowing caused by the thick photoresist and the STI dimensions. Under these conditions (high-energy, normal incidence), even a small variation in angle can cause a significant variation on the well profile and can negatively impact the device performances. In this article both batch-to-batch variation and cone effect on batch implanter are discussed and analyzed. The analysis was done using Thermo-Wave (T.W.) and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) analysis. A good correlation between T.W. and SIMS, which can help predicting the distribution profile with T.W. results, was found. Some possible solutions are suggested.","PeriodicalId":305062,"journal":{"name":"Ion Implantation Technology. 2002. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134000807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reduction of charge exchange effects on the VIISta810","authors":"M. Schmeide, G. Gammel, J. Scheuer","doi":"10.1109/IIT.2002.1258034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IIT.2002.1258034","url":null,"abstract":"The VIISta810 medium current implanter can be used in a wide range of applications due to its good process performance, high productivity and low cost of ownership. However, tests have shown that at the elevated pressures characteristic of high energy, high dose applications, charge exchange effects can result in dose and uniformity issues. These pressures can be avoided by use of the end station pressure interlock, which, however, leads to a reduction in throughput. In moving from the VIISta810 to the VIISta810HP, additional cryo pumps were installed, one on the process chamber and one on the corrector magnet chamber, to improve the vacuum performance. Furthermore, the position of the closed-loop Faraday was moved upstream and an adjustable, conductance limiting aperture was installed. To test the repeatability and uniformity dependence on process parameters and photo resist coverage, 200 and 300 mm cross hair wafers were implanted with the VIISta810 and VIISta810HP vacuum configurations. Maximum energy and 80% of the maximum beam current for single and double charged ions of various species were applied. Sheet resistance measurements were performed and vacuum pressures and beam current variations were recorded. Test results have shown that the improvements lead to a distinct reduction of the charge exchange effects and their influence on dose. The upgraded vacuum configuration, provided good dose repeatability and uniformity on photoresist wafers, even in the high energy and high dose range, without reduction in throughput relative to bare wafers.","PeriodicalId":305062,"journal":{"name":"Ion Implantation Technology. 2002. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115778409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Arno, J. Sweeney, Paul J. Marganski, R. Faller, S. Roberge, M. C. Dolan
{"title":"Gas-phase FT-IR characterization of ion implant process effluents","authors":"J. Arno, J. Sweeney, Paul J. Marganski, R. Faller, S. Roberge, M. C. Dolan","doi":"10.1109/IIT.2002.1258044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IIT.2002.1258044","url":null,"abstract":"Ion implant processes utilize materials that are potentially toxic to humans and damaging to the environment. Consequently, a number of preventive measures have been implemented to address environmental control and to minimize worker exposure risks. Safer dopant handling and delivery can be achieved by using reduced pressure gas sources. Materials not implanted onto wafers are instantly exhausted from the tool through roughing pumps or accumulated and later discharged using cryo pumps. Up until now, there has been limited knowledge about the nature and volume of gaseous emissions released by ion implant tools. Such information can be used to assess post-pump environmental and safety hazards, provide indirect measures of dopant utilization efficiencies, and offer crucial details necessary to customize pollution control solutions. This paper summarizes the analyses performed at the exhaust of selected roughing and cryo pumps of an Axcelis GSD-VHE ion implanter. Analyses were performed during standard implant processes using arsine (AsH3), phosphine (PH3), and boron trifluoride (BF3) sources. The characterization study was performed in a quantitative, continuous, in-line mode using a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer. The analytical tool was calibrated in-situ to attain accurate measurements. Continuous monitoring provided time dependent concentrations of selected species during tuning and implant stages. In addition, characterization studies during cryo regeneration identified the temperature dependent release of a number of parent dopant and process by-product species.","PeriodicalId":305062,"journal":{"name":"Ion Implantation Technology. 2002. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125025780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction of the new high voltage, engineering (HVE) accelerator for high energy/high current ion implantation","authors":"R. Koudijs, A. Gottdang, D. Mous","doi":"10.1109/IIT.2002.1258050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IIT.2002.1258050","url":null,"abstract":"A new series of coaxial Tandetron™ tandem accelerators that meet today's requirements on new applications including new trends in device manufacturing has been designed, manufactured and tested by HVE. This new design includes a new high current all-solid-state power supply constructed around the high-energy section, offering a smaller footprint in addition to higher reliability and reduced maintenance. With terminal voltage up to 5MV and electrical power for beam transport up to 25kW the new 1MV, 2MV, 3MV and 5MV HVE Coaxial Tandetron™ accelerators are able to accelerate milliampere beams of virtually all ion masses to energies ranging from 60keV to over 25MeV.","PeriodicalId":305062,"journal":{"name":"Ion Implantation Technology. 2002. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125037026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}