Dyes and Pigments最新文献

{"title":"Orthogonal polydiacetylene (PDA) derivatives based optical chemsensors for the selective detection of cyanide","authors":"Ke Sun ,&nbsp;Zhongquan Zhu ,&nbsp;Guowei Li ,&nbsp;Yizhi Shao ,&nbsp;Heng Xia ,&nbsp;Hui Deng ,&nbsp;Jianjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiangang Gao ,&nbsp;Gaopeng Shi ,&nbsp;Yangyang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to its widespread usage but high toxicity, the detection of cyanide has drawn special attention. However, in many works usually only one colorimetric or fluorescent detector was put forward for chemical sensing. Here in this contribution, two kinds of polydiacetylene (PDA) derivatives substituted by either <em>o</em>-hydroxybenzaldehyde or dicyanovinyl group were designed and explored for the optical sensing of cyanide. Firstly, these two PDA derivatives were polymerized in the form of vesicle individually and showed chromatic transition from blue to purple or red after the addition of cyanide into the aqueous solution. Then polyvinylidene fluoride membrane was chosen to incorporate the PDAs to form strip-based solid sensors, which could exhibit obvious blue-to-red colorimetric response upon exposure to cyanide aqueous solution with different concentrations in an orthogonal way. Interestingly, these two PDA derivatives remained blue phase in the presence of many common anions, thus demonstrating excellent selectivity for the distinguishment of cyanide. Besides the experimental characterization methods, such as UV–visible absorption and Raman spectroscopy, to study the underlying chemical mechanism, the principal component analysis method was also applied for the multivariate statistical analysis in combination with RGB (Red, Green, Blue) values to obtain a deep insight into the chromatic sensing of PDAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112809"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dominos-like crystalline phase transformation of fluorescence emitters bearing energy-boosted structure","authors":"Qiang Zhao ,&nbsp;Xun Fu ,&nbsp;Lizhu Dong ,&nbsp;Zhaocheng Xu ,&nbsp;Jinyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaojie Cheng ,&nbsp;Bai Chen ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Dongqing Lin ,&nbsp;Man Xu ,&nbsp;Linghai Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exploration of molecular dominos-like crystalline phase transformation, based on π-functional optoelectronic molecules, is promising for smart sensor devices and delivering encryption information. Herein, we report an energy-boosted dominos-like crystalline phase transformation through controlling π···π stacking manners of fluorescent molecules, dimethyl 2,5-bis((2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)amino)terephthalate (234-TFAT). Upon solvent vapor atmosphere and thermal condition, yellow-orange-emitted crystals can realize the chain-like crystalline phase transition, where the molecular stacking areas is decreasing one-third from the standing-state to the lying-state π···π stacking mode. Meanwhile, such lying-state π···π stacking mode can achieve the single molecular emission at 542 nm that blue-shifted from 585 nm under the standing-state stacking mode. On this basis, we test the application in visualizing Morse code for message encrypting and deciphering. This research helps us establish universal design principles with energy-boosted supramolecular dominos-like crystalline phase transformation and provides a novel molecular platform for the multi-stimuli responsive functional materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112808"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acid phosphatase detection using a colorimetric probe based on azo compound toward forensic applications for seminal fluid identification","authors":"Jéssica Raimundo da Rocha,&nbsp;Marcone Gomes dos Santos Alcântara,&nbsp;Verônica Diniz da Silva,&nbsp;Dimas José da Paz Lima,&nbsp;Josué Carinhanha Caldas Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acid phosphatase (AP) is an enzyme present in various tissues of the human body and is found in high concentrations in seminal fluid. Therefore, it can be easily used as a forensic marker for the presence of semen, assisting criminal investigations and clinical diagnostic tests. This work developed a simple colorimetric method for detecting AP in semen using a probe derived from an azo dye. The proposed method utilizes (<em>E</em>)-4-(phenyldiazenyl)phenyldihydrogen phosphate (AZO1-P) as a substrate, which, upon enzymatic hydrolysis, yields the yellow-colored (<em>E</em>)-4-(phenyldiazenyl)phenol (AZO1) (<em>λ_max</em> = 423 nm). However, for applications involving complex matrices, this coloration is not ideal due to low colorimetric contrast. Thus, a coupling reaction was performed between AZO1 and 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAP) to improve colorimetric resolution. The product generated provided greater colorimetric contrast (red color, <em>λ_max</em> = 516 nm) and was easily visualized. Under ideal conditions, the method exhibited a linear range of 1–6 U L⁻¹ for AP, with a detection limit of 0.42 U L⁻¹ and a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 3 %. Classical AP inhibitors, such as sodium tungstate and molybdate, were evaluated and showed IC₅₀ values of 11.7 ± 0.5 and 2.9 ± 0.7 mM, respectively. In addition, the method was applied to real samples and against possible interferents that can be found at sex crime scenes, proving to be sensitive and selective for detecting AP in semen (from 1000-fold dilution). Finally, the proposed method can be used for the quantitative and qualitative detection of AP in the laboratory and the field as an alternative to presumptive tests in forensic sciences associated with sex crimes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112806"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multifunctional ratiometric fluorescence sensing platform for Salicylaldehyde, DPA, Al3+, and Pb2+ in water samples","authors":"Huijun Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Feng ,&nbsp;Xiang Liu ,&nbsp;Junjun Sun ,&nbsp;Jianchao Shi ,&nbsp;Zhanguo Li ,&nbsp;Zhouqing Xu ,&nbsp;Yan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing multifunctional sensing platform for recognizing various toxic substances in water samples is essential for public safety. Salicylaldehyde is widely used in fine chemicals such as spices, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyestuffs and metal chelating agents. 2, 6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (DPA), the main component of bacterial spores, is regarded as the most important biomarker for anthrax detection. Excessive exposure to Al³⁺ is associated with health risks such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Pb²⁺, a significant environmental pollutant, can lead to various health issues including muscle paralysis, anemia, and memory and mental health concerns. This work develops a dual-emission hybrid <strong>SiQDs@ZIF-8@Eu³⁺@HPU-14</strong> for ratiometric detection of SA, DPA, Al³⁺ and Pb²⁺. Due to the enhanced emission at 484 nm and quenched emission at 618 nm, <strong>SiQDs@ZIF-8@Eu³⁺@HPU-14</strong> has a low detection limit of 138 nM for SA. Besides, the emission at 618 nm could be enhanced by trace DPA and quenched by large concentration of DPA (LOD = 0.637 nM). The addition of Al³⁺ and Pb²⁺ in <strong>SiQDs@ZIF-8@Eu³⁺@HPU-14-SA</strong> solution could bring about distinct fluorescence responses, allowing the ability of <strong>SiQDs@ZIF-8@Eu³⁺@HPU-14-SA</strong> to distinguish Al³⁺ (LOD_Al3+ = 321 nM) and Pb²⁺ (LOD_Pb2+ = 158 nM). Furthermore, a logical gate system and sensing film as well as a new microfluidic sensor-array platform were designed, offering intelligent and portable sensing prospects. This work introduces innovative ideas for synthesizing sophisticated hybrid materials with integrated sensing functionalities applied in water environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 112810"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly sensitive colorimetric and fluorescence “Turn On” sensing of hydrazine via restriction in intramolecular vibrations of AIEE active fluorophore","authors":"Sidra Saeed ,&nbsp;Kainat Khurshid ,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Assiri ,&nbsp;Alam Shabbir ,&nbsp;Sohail Anjum Shahzad","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrazine (N₂H₄), a B2 toxin, harms the environment due to its extensive use in industries. Because of its lethal hypertoxicity and carcinogenicity, there is a crucial need to identify and quantify hydrazine. For this purpose, we developed a colorimetric and fluorometric probe <strong>MFB</strong> for sensitive and selective detection of hydrazine (N₂H₄). The mefenamic acid-derived benzamide <strong>MFB</strong> was easily synthesized by coupling reagent through a single step. Fluorescent probe <strong>MFB</strong> shows the extraordinary aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) characteristics with the formation of aggregates. The DLS analysis was performed to determine the aggregates particle size and interaction with probe <strong>MFB</strong>. The probe <strong>MFB</strong> exhibits a strong emission wavelength at 444 nm in aggregated state. Furthermore, the probe <strong>MFB</strong> has selectively detected the hydrazine (N₂H₄) through a blockage of semi-photoinduced electron transfer and restricted intramolecular vibrations mechanism with the lowest possible detectable amount of 47.3 nM. The interaction of <strong>MFB</strong> with hydrazine (N₂H₄) was verified by the UV–Visible and ¹H NMR titration experiments. Moreover, theoretical studies like orbitals energy calculation and type of interactions were executed to support the experimental findings. Interestingly, the probe <strong>MFB</strong> was employed in both solution and solid states for the favourable detection of hydrazine (N₂H₄) in real-time analysis including drinkable water, beverages, industrial wastewater, soil samples, mung bean sprouts and artificial urine samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112813"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and synthesis of a new environmentally sensitive small-molecule fluorescent probe for MRGPRX2","authors":"Xiaoxue Mo ,&nbsp;Yuexin Lv ,&nbsp;Jiayu Lu ,&nbsp;Yajing Hou ,&nbsp;Hua Qian ,&nbsp;Cheng Wang ,&nbsp;Huaizhen He","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MAS-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) is a key target receptor and an important drug target for triggering pseudo-allergic reactions. Studying its ligands will help to understand the mechanism of pseudo-allergic reactions and discover anti-allergic drugs. Small-molecule fluorescent probes are widely used to study the localization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the cell membrane, the transport and internalization of GPCRs, and the interaction between receptors and ligands due to their high selectivity, sensitivity and safety. MRGPRX2 is one of GPCRs with an active hydrophobic ligand binding domain, so designing small-molecule fluorescent probes with environmental sensitivity is very important for the study of MRGPRX2 ligands and the visualization of this receptor. In this study, we selected the agonist of MRGPRX2 (<em>R</em>)-ZINC-3573 as the recognition group and used different fluorophore skeleton structures as the luminescent group to synthesize a series of small-molecule fluorescent probes targeting MRGPRX2. Among them, PoX2-B with BODIPY FL as the fluorescent group had good photostability and environmentally sensitive properties to the hydrophobic ligand binding domain of MRGPRX2, and could be used for living cell imaging. Furthermore, PoX2-B could specifically recognize MRGPRX2, and it was expected to be used to screen effective ligands of MRGPRX2 in the future, so as to play a role in the development of anti-allergy drugs and the pathogenesis of allergic diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 112815"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular engineering of a D-A type fluorescent probe with AIE properties for c-MYC G-quadruplex DNA","authors":"Jing-Zhi Li,&nbsp;Luo-Cheng Liu,&nbsp;Hai-Wen Chen,&nbsp;Liang-Fei Gao,&nbsp;Lu-Yu Li,&nbsp;Ze-Kai Li,&nbsp;Ming-Qi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of fluorescent dyes that can selectively interact with specific G-quadruplex (G4) DNA structures is crucial for understanding the regulatory roles of G4s in the genome and for new drug discovery. Most reported G4 probes based on the D-π-A system may be susceptible to the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect, resulting in decreased or extinguished emission in the aggregate state or at high concentrations. Fluorescent molecules with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics can effectively alleviate nonradiative pathways in the aggregated state, thereby generating bright and stable fluorescence. Therefore, incorporating AIE features into G4 probes is highly desirable. In this work, we report an AIE-active styrylcarbazole-bridged push-pull dye named <strong>HP-2</strong>, which exhibits a preference for interacting with c-MYC G4 DNA structure over a pool of nucleic acid structures containing G4, duplex, single-stranded DNA and RNA structures, as well as protein structures. We demonstrate that the functional substituent of <em>N</em>-methylpiperazine group in <strong>HP-2</strong> not only activates the AIE effect of the dye, but also plays pivotal roles in providing additional c-MYC G4 binding interactions to the dye, resulting in a robust turn-on fluorescence response with a low detection limit of 18 nM. Furthermore, its <em>low cytotoxi</em>city and high live-cell permeability make <strong>HP-2</strong> suitable for visualizing DNA in the nucleus. Our study has demonstrated the tunability of photophysical and G4 DNA targeting properties in styrylcarbazole-bridged push-pull dyes through functional substituent attachment to the electron-acceptor moiety. This work provides insights and strategies for designing more AIE-based fluorescent probes targeting a specific G4 DNA structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112814"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile synthesis of dual-ligand Eu-MOF for ratiometric fluorescence and smartphone-assisted visual detection of Al3+","authors":"Xinyue Ge,&nbsp;Jibing Chen,&nbsp;Shixiao Guo,&nbsp;Yan Zhao,&nbsp;Weiheng Kong,&nbsp;Ensheng Zhang,&nbsp;Lian Xia,&nbsp;Rong-Mei Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a neoteric dual-ligand europium metal-organic framework (Eu-MOF) was synthesized by a simple one-pot method for visual detection of Al³⁺. The Eu-MOF was prepared with 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (H₂DHT) and dipicolinic acid (DPA) as dual-ligand and Eu³⁺ ions as a metal node, also denoted as Eu–H₂DHT/DPA. Benefitting from the specific coordination of Al³⁺ by hydroxyl group of the ligand H₂DHT, the emission at 515 nm derived from H₂DHT increased significantly through an excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism. However, the emission at 620 nm from Eu³⁺ changed slightly which was used as the reference signal. The Eu–H₂DHT/DPA probe exhibited clearly recognizable color change from orange-red to yellow-green with the increasing Al³⁺ concentration. In conjunction with smartphone to read color hue, the sensitive visual quantitative detection of Al³⁺ was realized. Moreover, the feasibility of detection of Al³⁺ in real water samples was verified. This study offers a sensitive and convenient route in the design and fabrication of novel fluorescence ratiometric probe with self-calibration model for detection of contaminants in practical water samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112812"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A feasible strategy for fabricating thermally stable CaSnO3:Eu3+ one-dimensional nanostructures with excellent luminescence","authors":"Xue Teng,&nbsp;Ning Li,&nbsp;Xiaohan Liu,&nbsp;Hong Shao,&nbsp;Xinran Zhang,&nbsp;Dan Li,&nbsp;Wensheng Yu,&nbsp;Qianli Ma,&nbsp;Guixia Liu,&nbsp;Xiangting Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preparation of rare-earth (RE) ion-doped CaSnO₃ one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures with superior luminescent performances by using a simple and universal synthesis method has great research significance. In the work, CaSnO₃:Eu³⁺ 1D nanostructures including nanofibers and nanobelts doped with Eu³⁺ activators as representative cases are devised and facilely prepared via a uniaxial electrospinning technique combined with an oxidative calcination process. CaSnO₃:Eu³⁺ 1D nanostructures with perovskite structure belong to orthogonal system with a space group of Pbnm. CaSnO₃:Eu³⁺ nanofibers and nanobelts exhibit emission peaks (λ_ex = 279 nm) at 582, 592, 616, and 655 nm. These peaks come from ⁵D₀→⁷F_J (J = 0, 1, 2, 3) transitions of Eu³⁺, respectively. CIE chromaticity coordinates indicate that emitting colors range from orange to red region depending on Eu³⁺ concentrations, and color purity ranges from 50.38 % to 87.42 %. CaSnO₃:13 %Eu³⁺ nanofibers show good thermal stability, and luminous intensity at 423 K is 80.43 % of that at 298 K. Morphologies of 1D nanostructures can be regulated by adjusting spinning liquid viscosity and spinning parameters, and further morphologies can modulate luminescent color of nanostructures. Meanwhile, the luminescence mechanism is elucidated and formation mechanisms of CaSnO₃:Eu³⁺ nanofibers and nanobelts are proposed. Further, a new technology for preparing CaSnO₃ nanofibers and nanobelts doped with RE is erected. This work has enriched the nanostructures of alkaline earth stannate luminescent materials, and the synthetic technique can be utilized for fabrication of other RE-doped alkaline earth stannate 1D luminescent nanomaterials with good thermal stability. The prepared material has broad applications in the realms of lighting, displaying, and sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112816"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orientation tuning by modulating end group of small-molecule donors boosts efficiency of all-small-molecule organic solar cells","authors":"Ning Yang ,&nbsp;Du Hyeon Ryu ,&nbsp;Yongqi Bai ,&nbsp;Suha Lee ,&nbsp;Seo-Hyun Jung ,&nbsp;Chang Eun Song ,&nbsp;Do-Hoon Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the active layer of all-small-molecule organic solar cells, the small molecule donors (SMDs) should ideally assume a face-on orientation in keeping with the non-fullerene acceptors. This well-matched interfacial molecular orientation in blends ensures heavy overlapping in the π-orbitals of donors and acceptors to further improve the manifestation of excitons and charges. However, there have been few studies on the effect of different end groups in the A-π-D-π-A-type structure. To explore this issue, we designed two f-DTBDT-based A-π-D-π-A-type-type SMDs, DR-3T and DE-3T, ending with different electron-withdrawing groups (rhodanine and 2-ethylhexyl cyanoacetate, respectively). To match the energy levels and absorption band of these two SMDs, Y6-BO was chosen as the acceptor in the blends. For DR-3T-based devices, space charge limited current measurement confirmed a low mobility in the vertical direction, which goes against restraining non-radiative recombination and energy loss, resulting in a low <em>V</em>_oc of 0.64 V and PCE of 5.20 % for the device. Compared to DR-3T, the film based on DE-3T showed the desired face-on orientation, which facilitated charge transport. As a result, the corresponding device delivered higher performance with PCE = 8.78 %, <em>V</em>_oc = 0.77 V, <em>J</em>_sc = 17.68 mA cm⁻², and <em>FF</em> = 64.50 %. This result demonstrates that the end group can significantly affect the orientation of the molecular backbone, further modulating the efficiency of organic solar cell devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 112820"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}