Dyes and Pigments最新文献_第5页

Electrostatically functionalized carbon dot powder enables real-time visualization of latent fingerprints with sweat pore-level resolution 静电功能化碳点粉使潜在指纹的实时可视化与汗液孔级的分辨率

IF 4.2 3区工程技术

Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113241

Xiaohu Cui , Jianzhen Lu , Xiangyang Hu , Ping Yan , Kun Wang , Qinglu Ge , Xuhuang Tu , Pengcheng Yu

{"title":"Electrostatically functionalized carbon dot powder enables real-time visualization of latent fingerprints with sweat pore-level resolution","authors":"Xiaohu Cui , Jianzhen Lu , Xiangyang Hu , Ping Yan , Kun Wang , Qinglu Ge , Xuhuang Tu , Pengcheng Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fingerprints constitute crucial forensic evidence for personal identification, underscoring the urgent need to develop highly sensitive, rapid, and operationally convenient techniques for visualizing latent fingerprints (LFPs) at crime scenes. This study presents a novel electrostatic-functionalized carbon dots (CDs), enabling real-time visualization of LFP with sweat pore-level (Level 3) resolution. The CDs exhibit bright blue-green fluorescence, uniform size distribution (∼1.5 nm), and exceptional aggregation-resistant solid-state emission through three key advantages: (1) Electrostatic binding mechanism achieving unprecedented sweat pore resolution (20–50 μm pore spacing) on 12 substrates (plastic/metal/paper), surpassing conventional powder methods; (2) Non-destructive interaction preserving >95 % touch DNA integrity for STR analysis; (3) Cost-effective alternative to toxic heavy-metal nanomaterials (Cd/Eu-based), demonstrating 100 % cell viability. The powder shows forensic-grade performance under VSC8000 HS and UV 365 nm, maintaining stability for 6 months. This work advances forensic science by combining high-resolution LFP imaging with DNA preservation in a single-step, eco-friendly protocol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113241"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phenothiazine-based fluorescent probes: Molecular engineering, multifunctional applications, and future horizons in biosensing and environmental monitoring 基于吩噻嗪的荧光探针：分子工程，多功能应用，以及生物传感和环境监测的未来前景

IF 4.2 3区工程技术

Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113224

Xiaoyu Tang, Rongbin Yang, Yifeng Han

{"title":"Phenothiazine-based fluorescent probes: Molecular engineering, multifunctional applications, and future horizons in biosensing and environmental monitoring","authors":"Xiaoyu Tang, Rongbin Yang, Yifeng Han","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenothiazine (PTZ)-based fluorescent probes have emerged as a transformative platform in chemical sensing and bioimaging, offering unparalleled advantages in selectivity, sensitivity, and versatility. Over the past four years (2022–2025), significant advancements in molecular engineering have expanded their applications across diverse fields, from elucidating redox biology to monitoring environmental pollutants. This review systematically summarizes the design principles, mechanisms, and applications of PTZ-based probes, focusing on four key areas: (1) Reactive oxygen and sulfur species detection, including HOCl, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, ·OH, H<sub>2</sub>S, and biothiols, where PTZ's electron-rich sulfur atom enables selective oxidation or nucleophilic reactions; (2) Environmental pollutant sensing, such as toxic amines, heavy metals (Hg<sup>2+</sup>, CN<sup>−</sup>), and explosives (picric acid), leveraging PTZ's tunable photophysics and analyte-specific reactivity; (3) Lipid droplet (LD) imaging, exploiting PTZ's polarity-sensitive emission for tracking metabolic disorders; and (4) Emerging applications, including formaldehyde and chlorine dioxide detection. We highlight how PTZ's structural flexibility, large Stokes shifts (>100 nm), and resistance to photobleaching address limitations of conventional fluorophores. Furthermore, innovations such as organelle-targeted probes, dual-modal theranostic systems, and aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active designs are critically evaluated. This work not only consolidates recent breakthroughs but also provides strategic insights for developing next-generation PTZ-based sensors with enhanced biocompatibility, multi-analyte detection capabilities, and clinical translation potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113224"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photophysical behavior of polysubstituted hydrazones and Triazaborolo[4,5-a]pyridines: Insights into structure-property relationships 多取代腙和Triazaborolo[4,5-a]吡啶的光物理行为：结构-性质关系的新见解

IF 4.2 3区工程技术

Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113238

Edgar Damian-Ascencio , Juan Luis Vázquez , Yolanda Alcaraz-Contreras , Gleb Turlakov , Raquel Ledezma , Marcos Flores , Ivana Moggio , Eduardo Peña-Cabrera , Eduardo Arias , Miguel A. Vázquez

{"title":"Photophysical behavior of polysubstituted hydrazones and Triazaborolo[4,5-a]pyridines: Insights into structure-property relationships","authors":"Edgar Damian-Ascencio , Juan Luis Vázquez , Yolanda Alcaraz-Contreras , Gleb Turlakov , Raquel Ledezma , Marcos Flores , Ivana Moggio , Eduardo Peña-Cabrera , Eduardo Arias , Miguel A. Vázquez","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we present the synthesis through a prefunctionalization strategy of two series of fully polysubstituted (<em>Z</em>)-2-(2-((1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)hydrazineyl)pyridine (HPY) and triazaborolo[4,5-<em>a</em>]pyridine (TBPY) bearing substituents with diverse electronic characters. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of HPY and the corresponding TBPY series were investigated using UV–Vis, static and dynamic fluorescence, and cyclic voltammetry. The experimental results point out that the central hydrazone and azine-boro coordinated groups interrupt the electronic conjugation between the pyrrole and its substituents (segment A), and between the =N-N=C- (B-complex in the TBPY)-pyridine and its substituents (segment B). The A and B segments act as separated chromophores and opto-electroactive moieties. No significant effect of the substituents R<sup>1</sup>, R<sup>2</sup> (in pyrrole), and R<sup>3</sup> (in pyridine) is observed on the absorption and fluorescence maxima or oxidation/reduction peaks because they are out of the plane of the molecule, as found by theoretical studies. All compounds are generally poorly fluorescent in solution due to a possible mutual rotation of segments A and B. Moreover, according to the DFT analysis, the molecules have push-pull character where the first excitation state has a charge transfer (HPY) or hybridized local charge transfer character (TBPY), which can be associated with intramolecular charge transfer that contributes to the low fluorescence emission in solution. Interestingly, the fluorescence increases in the solid state for many compounds, where rotation is more restricted, getting values from 1.4 % up to 87 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113238"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Golgi-targeting red-emissive carbon dots: synthesis, properties and bioimaging 高尔基靶红发射碳点：合成、性质和生物成像

IF 4.2 3区工程技术

Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113234

Zhengshu Song , Xin Zhang , Shicai Wang , Lin Chen , Yongzhen Yang , Yuduan Gao

{"title":"Golgi-targeting red-emissive carbon dots: synthesis, properties and bioimaging","authors":"Zhengshu Song , Xin Zhang , Shicai Wang , Lin Chen , Yongzhen Yang , Yuduan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Golgi-targeting carbon dots have garnered significant attention in the field of subcellular organelle imaging owing to their exceptional photoluminescence properties, specific Golgi-targeting abilities, and favorable biocompatibility. Currently reported Golgi-targeting carbon dots primarily exhibit emission wavelengths in the blue and orange spectral regions, which suffer from reduced imaging accuracy because of interference from endogenous tissue autofluorescence and limited tissue penetration. To overcome these disadvantages, red-emissive Golgi-targeting carbon dots (RGCDs) were synthesized using a solvothermal method, with Nile blue, a fluorescent dye known for its large conjugated structure, as the carbon source, and benzene sulfonamide, a known Golgi-targeting ligand, as the targeting moiety. Results demonstrate that RGCDs exhibit superior optical properties, with an emission wavelength centered at 645 nm. Moreover, RGCDs exhibit low cytotoxicity, with rabbit hepatocarcinoma cell viability remaining above 80 % at a concentration of 400 μg/mL. Furthermore, co-localization imaging with a commercial Golgi-targeting dye yielded a high Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.87, indicating that RGCDs possess both long-wavelength emission and specific Golgi targeting capabilities. Additionally, AutoDock simulation analysis confirmed that the sulfonamide groups on the surface of the RGCDs bind to cyclooxygenase-2, a known Golgi-associated protein, enhancing the imaging capabilities of RGCDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113234"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A highly sensitive fluorescent probe for the detection of Zn2+ based on benzothiazole and triarylimidazole derivatives with AIEE effect 具有AIEE效应的苯并噻唑和三芳基咪唑衍生物的高灵敏度Zn2+荧光探针

IF 4.2 3区工程技术

Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113239

Ziqi Nie , Shasha Wu , Yi Fu , Yeping Bian , Lizhi Gai , Haijun Xu

{"title":"A highly sensitive fluorescent probe for the detection of Zn2+ based on benzothiazole and triarylimidazole derivatives with AIEE effect","authors":"Ziqi Nie , Shasha Wu , Yi Fu , Yeping Bian , Lizhi Gai , Haijun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zinc ions (Zn<sup>2+</sup>) are indispensable and play an important role in biological, environmental, and industrial system, and it is extremely significant to monitor effectively the concentration of Zn<sup>2+</sup> in biological and environmental field. Herein, we developed a new fluorescent probe named as <strong>FBTZ-IMZ</strong> with AIEE bearing benzothiazole group and triarylimidazole unit. <strong>FBTZ-IM</strong> displayed excellent selectivity and sensitivity toward Zn<sup>2+</sup> in ethanol with a significant blue shift in emission. Under 365 nm UV light irradiation, the fluorescence color of <strong>FBTZ-IMZ</strong> solution varied from cyan to blue in the presence of Zn<sup>2+</sup>. The binding stoichiometry and mechanism were explored via Job's plot analysis, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, HRMS and DFT calculations. The proposed sensing mechanism was confirmed by the inhibition of ESIPT and the activation of CHEF effect. The limit of detection and binding constant for Zn<sup>2+</sup> were determined to be 28 nM and 1.2 × 10<sup>6</sup> M<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Importantly, probe <strong>FBTZ-IMZ</strong> has fast response time, wide pH tolerance and strong anti-interference ability. In addition, <strong>FBTZ-IMZ</strong> was successfully applied for bioimaging of Zn<sup>2+</sup> in live cells owing to its high sensitivity, excellent cell membrane penetrability and low cytotoxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113239"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A wash-free polarity fluorescent probes targeting lipid droplets for the diagnosis of tumor and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 一种针对脂滴的免洗极性荧光探针用于肿瘤和非酒精性脂肪肝的诊断

IF 4.2 3区工程技术

Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113235

Sichen Zhang , Jie Wang , Zhiyu Wang , Jiale Li , Qi Su , Chunfei Wang , Lei Hu , Hui Wang

{"title":"A wash-free polarity fluorescent probes targeting lipid droplets for the diagnosis of tumor and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","authors":"Sichen Zhang , Jie Wang , Zhiyu Wang , Jiale Li , Qi Su , Chunfei Wang , Lei Hu , Hui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lipid droplets (LDs), as dynamic and metabolically active organelles, play crucial roles in cellular homeostasis, and their abnormalities are implicated in the progression of several metabolic disorders. Notably, alterations in LDs polarity are closely associated with pathological processes, such as oxidative stress, ferroptosis, highlighting the importance of developing polarity-sensitive fluorescent probes for monitoring LDs dynamics and elucidating disease mechanisms. Herein, three fluorescent probes (<strong>LD-PTZ1-LD-PTZ3</strong>) based on Boron Schiff Base (BOSCHIBA) small molecules were designed and synthesized in this paper. The constructed probes demonstrated exceptional photophysical properties, including high photostability and large Stokes shifts. Especially, <strong>LD-PTZ1</strong> and <strong>LD-PTZ3</strong> were highly sensitive to microenvironmental changes in polarity with excellent specificity. In addition, <strong>LD-PTZ1</strong>, <strong>LD-PTZ2</strong> and <strong>LD-PTZ3</strong> all possessed good LDs targeting ability. Interestingly, <strong>LD-PTZ3</strong> can not only track the dynamic changes of LDs through wash-free procedure, but also visualize the changes in LDs polarity under different physiological states and evaluate the efficacy of anticancer drugs. Moreover, <strong>LD-PTZ3</strong> was also used for the diagnosis of tumors and non-alcoholic fatty liver at the organ level. With its excellent properties, probe <strong>LD-PTZ3</strong> lays a theoretical foundation for the design and synthesis of more fluorescent probes specifically targeting LDs, which was expected to further advance the field of LDs research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113235"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rigid molecular design enables efficient multi-resonance delayed fluorescence for high-performance narrowband OLEDs 刚性分子设计为高性能窄带oled提供了高效的多共振延迟荧光

IF 4.2 3区工程技术

Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113233

Qin Lei , Zhangshan Liu , Taiwei Li , Jinshi Li , Yinlei Lin , Zhipeng Yang , Ting Fan , Ruming Jiang , Zujin Zhao

{"title":"Rigid molecular design enables efficient multi-resonance delayed fluorescence for high-performance narrowband OLEDs","authors":"Qin Lei , Zhangshan Liu , Taiwei Li , Jinshi Li , Yinlei Lin , Zhipeng Yang , Ting Fan , Ruming Jiang , Zujin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Creating narrowband organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with high efficiency and color purity is a significant challenge for future high-definition displays. Here, we report a multi-resonance (MR) thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter, BNCz-BPA, consisting of the classic MR skeleton of BNCz and the rigid 9,10-benzphenanthrene (BPA) unit. By replacing the flexible 1,1,2,2-tetraphenylethylene (TPE) substituent with the rigid BPA unit, triplet excited-state motions are effectively restricted, enhancing the reverse intersystem crossing process (RISC) and producing strong delayed fluorescence. As a result, BNCz-BPA achieves a significantly higher external quantum efficiency (<em>η</em><sub>ext,max</sub>) of 24.2 % and a narrower full-width at half-maximum of 40 nm compared to BNCz-TPE (4.9 %, 50 nm), demonstrating the effectiveness of limiting triplet motion. A hyperfluorescence device further enhances electroluminescence performance, delivering an improved <em>η</em><sub>ext,max</sub> of 26.2 % and suppressed efficiency roll-off (19.6 % at 1000 cd m<sup>−2</sup>). This work elucidates the pivotal role of triplet motion in exciton utilization and RISC process, offering a scalable framework for designing high-performance narrowband emitters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113233"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in near-infrared fluorescence imaging for early detection of acute kidney injury 近红外荧光成像在急性肾损伤早期检测中的研究进展

IF 4.2 3区工程技术

Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113231

Wenjing Bai , Wuyue Su , Peng Zhang , Xuechuan Hong , Yuling Xiao , Xiaodong Zeng

{"title":"Advances in near-infrared fluorescence imaging for early detection of acute kidney injury","authors":"Wenjing Bai , Wuyue Su , Peng Zhang , Xuechuan Hong , Yuling Xiao , Xiaodong Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe clinical condition with complex pathogenesis and high morbidity. Early diagnosis is vital for improving outcomes, but traditional markers such as serum creatinine and urine output lack sensitivity and timeliness. Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has emerged as a promising tool for early AKI detection due to its deep tissue penetration, high sensitivity, and real-time monitoring capability. This review summarizes the design strategies of NIR fluorescent probes, including fluorophore optimization, linker engineering, and targeting group selection. We focus on their applications in detecting AKI biomarkers, such as Vanin-1, KIM-1, and LAP, which enable sensitive detection in urine or kidney tissue through enzymatic or receptor-mediated mechanisms. Probes targeting oxidative stress markers like reactive oxygen species and peroxynitrite further allow dynamic visualization of early AKI-related changes. Despite their advantages, clinical translation of NIR probes faces challenges, including biocompatibility, targeting precision, imaging depth, and integration with multimodal platforms. Continued optimization of probe design is essential to advance their use in early AKI diagnosis and precision medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Asymmetric phthalimide-based conjugated monomer synthesis in a flow reactor 流动反应器中不对称邻苯二胺基共轭单体的合成

IF 4.2 3区工程技术

Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113236

Nayeon Kim, Chae Yeon Park, Ye-Jin Hwang

{"title":"Asymmetric phthalimide-based conjugated monomer synthesis in a flow reactor","authors":"Nayeon Kim, Chae Yeon Park, Ye-Jin Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An asymmetric design strategy for organic semiconductors enhances device efficiency through effective morphology control while broadening design possibilities. However, asymmetric monomer synthesis in conventional batch reactors is generally more complex than symmetric synthesis, requiring additional reaction steps that typically result in lower selectivity and yields. Here, we propose the flow synthesis of asymmetric monomers as an advantageous alternative. By applying our synthetic method, the steps required to synthesize a target asymmetric monomer can be reduced from five to three. Using a custom-designed flow reactor, we carried out palladium-catalyzed Stille coupling reactions to produce an asymmetric phthalimide (PhI) monomer with thiophene (Th) and bromide substituents on each side (Th-PhI-Br), starting from dibromide phthalimide (PhI-Br<sub>2</sub>). With our highly reproducible synthesis system (the standard deviation of the yield for repeated runs was below 2 %), we screened various reaction conditions, including temperature, reaction time, flow rate, PhI-Br<sub>2</sub> to thiophene ratio, and reactant injection sequence. We then examined the correlations between these conditions and the reaction selectivity and yield. Our results demonstrate that the flow synthesis process is an effective method for optimizing selectivity and yield in the production of asymmetric conjugated monomers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113236"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multistate second-order nonlinear optical switches based on dimethyldihydropyrene-azobenzene hybrid system 基于二甲基二氢芘-偶氮苯杂化体系的多态二阶非线性光开关

IF 4.2 3区工程技术

Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113232

Yao Yao , Hong-Qing Wang , Feng-Yi Zhang , Hong-Liang Xu , Chun-Guang Liu

{"title":"Multistate second-order nonlinear optical switches based on dimethyldihydropyrene-azobenzene hybrid system","authors":"Yao Yao , Hong-Qing Wang , Feng-Yi Zhang , Hong-Liang Xu , Chun-Guang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study pioneers the application of quantum chemical methods to systematically elucidate the evolution of second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) responses in multistate molecular switches derived from a dual photochromic dimethyldihydropyrene (DHP)-azobenzene (AB) hybrid system during isomerization processes. Through time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) simulations, we unravel the intricate structure-property correlations and establish a theoretical framework for molecular-level control of NLO performance. The results reveal that, in this hybrid system, a cascade isomerization pathway (E-C ↔ Z-C ↔ Z-O → E-O ↔ E-C) can be induced by wavelength-selective photoexcitation and thermal treatment, exhibiting efficient “ON–OFF–OFF–ON–ON” NLO switching behavior. The derivatives featuring the E-C structure exhibit the largest dynamic <em>β</em><sub>HRS</sub> value (8.4 × 10<sup>4</sup> a.u.) in acetonitrile, surpassing that of the conventional DO3 system by a factor of 5.7, attributed to enhanced intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and extended π-conjugation. We find that the donor-DHP/acceptor-AB linkage (Series 1 compounds) yields optimal NLO performance, with <em>β</em><sub>HRS</sub> values 32–243 % higher than those of the reversed configuration, offering a viable design strategy for high-performance NLO materials. The DHP-AB hybrid system emerges as a promising NLO switch candidate for multilevel optical memory devices with non-destructive readout capabilities. Our findings provide a molecular design blueprint for tunable NLO switches, enabling development of advanced optoelectronic technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 113232"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0