Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-12DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113031
Tatsuya Takeshita
{"title":"Controlling the aggregation of squaraine dye on the titanium oxide surface via amino-silane coupling for dye-sensitized solar cells","authors":"Tatsuya Takeshita","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we report the effects of a covalent attachment strategy using aminosilane coupling agents (APTMS) on squaraine dye (SQ2) aggregation on a titanium oxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) surface. In addition, we discuss the effect of APTMS on the photovoltaic conversion of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and compare it with a co-adsorption approach using chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). According to the total transmittance spectrum measurements, SQ2 formed dimers and H- and J-aggregated species on the TiO<sub>2</sub> surface. However, the SQ2 attached to the TiO<sub>2</sub> surface via interactions with APTMS (SQ2/APTMS/TiO<sub>2</sub>) exhibited a relatively narrow absorption band originating from the J-dimer. In contrast, the intensities of the shoulder bands of the H-dimers and H-aggregated species decreased. When SQ2 is covalently attached to APTMS (SQ2-APTMS/TiO<sub>2</sub>) using an amide coupling reagent, the intensity of the shoulder bands decreases more than that of SQ2/APTMS/TiO<sub>2</sub>. The J-dimerization of these dyes was analyzed based on the geometric structures and transition dipole moments obtained from quantum chemical calculations. Notably, quantum chemical calculations supported the formation of H-dimers, in contrast to the experimental results. Thus, the narrow absorption bands of SQ2/APTMS/TiO<sub>2</sub> and SQ2-APTMS/TiO<sub>2</sub> observed in this study can be attributed to a different model from molecular excitation theory. The mean photovoltaic conversion efficiencies of the assembled DSSCs using the SQ2/APTMS/TiO<sub>2</sub> and SQ2-APTMS/TiO<sub>2</sub> photoelectrodes were 0.81 % and 0.79 %, respectively. These values represent a 1.2-fold increase compared to the DSSC using SQ2 (0.66 %), which is lower than that of the DSSC involving SQ2 with CDCA (0.95 %).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113031"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Full-color diphenylacetylene thermochromic fluorescent materials with benzoxazole terminal: synthesis, properties, and information encryption application","authors":"Guangzao Yang, Jiale Wang, Chunmei Long, Baoying Huang, Zheng Huang, Zhuo Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of novel diphenylacetylene fluorescent molecules with benzoxazole terminal were synthesized. These fluorescent molecules achieve full-color fluorescence emission from blue to red by introducing different electron-donating substituents on phenol ring. Furthermore, these fluorescent molecules exhibited excellent excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), aggregation-induced emission (AIE), and lewis base-responsive properties. Interestingly, fluorescent molecules were successfully incorporated into <em>N</em>-heterocycles lewis bases, resulting in the development of a novel thermochromic fluorescent materials (TFMs) driven by a thermally gated proton transfer reaction. Interestingly, these TFMs with the weakly basic 1,2,4-triazole as thermosensitive loading matrix displayed thermally induced reversible fluorescence quenching, while incorporating stronger bases (imidazole, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and 2-methylimidazole) exhibited distinct thermally induced reversible fluorescence switching behaviors. These new TFMs display outstanding thermally stimulus-responsive reversible proton transfer character in different base matrixes thus meeting criterion for advanced information encryption application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113035"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-11DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113030
Jiayi Fu , ChengRui Jiang , Yan Yu , Chenyu Li , Qun Zhang , Guangtao Chang , Ruoxin Li
{"title":"Diazotization-driven synthesis of functional dyes and carbon materials Modifications: Advances, challenges, and prospects","authors":"Jiayi Fu , ChengRui Jiang , Yan Yu , Chenyu Li , Qun Zhang , Guangtao Chang , Ruoxin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diazotization, the conversion of aromatic amines to diazonium salts (Ar–N<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>), is a versatile reaction widely employed in organic synthesis and material modification. The high reactivity of diazonium salts facilitates the introduction of diverse functional groups, enabling precise control over material physicochemical properties. Notably, diazotization has been demonstrated to enhance dyeability, durability, dispersion, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties, particularly in carbon materials. This review systematically examines the fundamental principles of diazotization and its application in synthesis of functional dyes and carbon materials modifications. Specifically, the reaction mechanism is analyzed, the influence of various diazonium salts on material characteristics is evaluated, and potential industrial and materials science applications are explored. Finally, current challenges and future research directions for practical diazotization applications are addressed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113030"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-11DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113032
Dan Han , Xiaohao Zheng , Yuyao Wang , Nuonuo Zhang , Jiaying Yan
{"title":"Dual-states vis/NIR emission BOPYIN Derivatives: Synthesis and their application in anti-counterfeiting","authors":"Dan Han , Xiaohao Zheng , Yuyao Wang , Nuonuo Zhang , Jiaying Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dyes with dual-state emission (DSE) phenomenon are essential for applications in some complex scenarios in vivo. Herein, we designed and synthesized six borondifluoride-3,3-dimethyl-2-[2-(2-pyrrolyl)ethenyl] indole (BOPYIN) derivatives (<strong>BP–2Br-1∼6</strong>) through Knoevenagel condensation, coordination, and Suzuki coupling reactions. The optical properties of these target compounds were systematically investigated in five solvents and solid states. <strong>BP-2Br-1∼4</strong> exhibit excellent DSE phenomenon, with fluorescence quantum yields (FQYs) in solid state ranging from 18.59 to 33.70 %. <strong>BP-2Br-5∼6</strong> exhibit NIR emission (677–708 nm) with large Stokes shift in DMSO and acetonitrile along with weak FQYs (<2 %), but moderate FQYs in solid state (12.87 %, 30.60 %). Single crystal structure analysis and DFT calculations are performed to further discuss the relationship between structures and optical properties. In addition, <strong>BP-2Br-1</strong> and <strong>BP-2Br-6</strong> were applied in anti-counterfeiting. This work provides a feasible method for the construction of NIR dyes with DSE phenomenon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-10DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113022
Yuduan Gao , Yangyi Cao , Jie Liu , Hui Huang , Shicai Wang , Lin Chen , Yongzhen Yang , Shiping Yu , Junhong Li , Yingying Wei
{"title":"Rapid lighting up Golgi apparatus with orange-red emissive and polarity-sensitive carbon quantum dots","authors":"Yuduan Gao , Yangyi Cao , Jie Liu , Hui Huang , Shicai Wang , Lin Chen , Yongzhen Yang , Shiping Yu , Junhong Li , Yingying Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an indispensable organelle in most eukaryotic cells, the Golgi apparatus is involved in many important physiological processes, and monitoring the morphology and structure of the Golgi apparatus is essential. However, the development of fluorescent probes targeting the Golgi apparatus is still at an early stage, and their design and synthesis face major challenges. Herein, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) emitted orange-red light were synthesized by a one-step solvent-thermal method using neutral red (NR) with large sp<sup>2</sup>-conjugated structure as carbon source and cysteine (Cys) with heteroatoms N and S as dopant and targeting source of the Golgi apparatus. CQDs are characterized by excitation dependence, polarity sensitivity, satisfactory fluorescence and chirality stability. CQDs with low toxicity and good biocompatibility can quickly localize and image the Golgi apparatus. Meanwhile, CQDs can penetrate biological tissues for <em>in vivo</em> imaging. This study provides a new material for targeting imaging of the Golgi apparatus to monitor disease progression, drug delivery, and treatment of Golgi apparatus-related diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113022"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-10DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113021
Yuying Jiang , Pingxiang Liu , Jingxiu Bi , Rui Gao , Yutao Wang , Tianyu Wang
{"title":"A highly sensitive electrochemical platform based on 2D ultrathin nanofiber/nanosheet film for accurate detection of nitrite","authors":"Yuying Jiang , Pingxiang Liu , Jingxiu Bi , Rui Gao , Yutao Wang , Tianyu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate and sensitive detection of nitrite plays a significant role in food safety and human health. Herein, the 2D ultrathin nanofibers/nanosheets film (NNF) with a total thickness of less than 2.4 nm was successfully fabricated through air/water interfacial co-assembly of double-decker phthalocyanine (EuPcF4) with graphene oxide using Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technology. The synergy of multiple intermolecular forces, combined with the high charge-transfer efficiency of graphene nanosheets and the large specific surface area of nanofibers, endow the synthesized NNF with exceptional electrochemical performance for sensing nitrite with a low limit of detection (19 nM), wide linear detection range (0.1–1000 μM), high sensitivity (312 μA cm<sup>−2</sup> mM<sup>−1</sup>) and strong anti-interference ability, comparable to the best-reported results for electrochemical non-enzymatic nitrite sensors. Furthermore, the practical applicability of the proposed platform has been successfully validated through nitrite detection in real food samples, demonstrating its feasibility for realizable applications of food safety monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113021"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-09DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113020
Ying Cao , Yunjia Xu , Linshuai Yang , Qi Ai , Baoxiang Gao
{"title":"Dual-organelle targeting regulation of pyrene probes for organelles imaging in living cells","authors":"Ying Cao , Yunjia Xu , Linshuai Yang , Qi Ai , Baoxiang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The technique of dual-organelle labeling with a single fluorescent probe offers a powerful approach for studying inter-organellar interactions, despite its inherent technical challenges. In this work, we designed and synthesized two charge-transfer probes, PN-1 and PN-2, based on a pyrene scaffold. Both probes feature an azetidine moiety as the electron donor, paired with pyridine (PN-1) and pyridin-2(1H)-one (PN-2) as distinct electron acceptors. Notably, due to the divergent electron-withdrawing capacities and hydrophilic-lipophilic balances of their acceptor units, PN-1 enables simultaneous targeting of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lipid droplets (LDs), whereas PN-2 labels the ER and Golgi apparatus in live cells. Using PN-1, dynamic ER-LD interactions were visualized under oleic acid exposure and starvation stress. Furthermore, PN-2 was shown to enable real-time monitoring of ER polarity fluctuations in response to diverse stressors. These environmentally sensitive fluorescent probes establish an ideal design platform for studying inter-organellar crosstalk, holding significant promise for advancing research in cellular biology and related fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 113020"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-08DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113012
Shao Zhao , Jiadong Li , Lingjun Wu , Xiaoyan Zheng , Anping Tang , Wanqiang Liu
{"title":"High-precision prediction of fluorescence wavelength of organic based on ensemble automatic machine learning method and online querying","authors":"Shao Zhao , Jiadong Li , Lingjun Wu , Xiaoyan Zheng , Anping Tang , Wanqiang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic fluorescence is extensively applied in biomedical imaging, chemical sensing, and environmental monitoring etc. However, the traditional trial-and-error method for measuring the wavelength of organic fluorescent molecules is both time-consuming and labour-intensive. Ensemble automated machine learning (AutoML) methods provide a convenient way to evaluate the fluorescence properties of organics. In this work, we constructed a comprehensive fluorescence database containing 24798 organic fluorescent compounds. The maximum emission wavelengths (<em>λ</em><sub>em</sub>) of these compounds range from 240 nm to 1200 nm. The database was built based on recent peer-reviewed publications. Molecular structures were standardized, and duplicate entries were removed. This dataset were used for machine learning and to build predictive models. Among the prediction models for fluorescence maximum <em>λ</em><sub>em</sub> were built using the AutoGluon, the WeightedEnsemble_L2 model performed the best, with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 10 nm on the testing. Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) analysis revealed critical molecular descriptors governing <em>λ</em><sub>em</sub>, offering actionable insights for molecular engineering. The model was deployed as an open-access web platform (<span><span>https://predixct-ednk9cynnprgqjbmskl95f.streamlit.app</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), enabling rapid screening of fluorophores for optoelectronic and sensing applications. This work bridges the gap between data-driven design and experimental synthesis, providing a robust tool to accelerate the development of tailored fluorescent probes for chemical sensing, bioimaging, and optical diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 113012"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-08DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113015
Lu Liu , Qianying Huang , Jie Li , Shiyun Yang , Jianqiang Liu , Mohd Muddassir , Alireza Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh , Yong Huang
{"title":"Applications and prospects of metal-organic frameworks in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes","authors":"Lu Liu , Qianying Huang , Jie Li , Shiyun Yang , Jianqiang Liu , Mohd Muddassir , Alireza Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh , Yong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review uniquely establishes metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as transformative dual-action nanoplatforms for precision diabetic wound management, bridging critical gaps in real-time diagnosis and targeted therapy. We critically analyze how MOFs' adjustable structures and multifunctionality overcome limitations in conventional approaches by enabling simultaneous glucose monitoring, antibacterial action, and tissue regeneration within hyperglycemic environments. Our synthesis of recent advances reveals that MOF-based systems significantly accelerate healing while reducing infection risks and treatment costs, directly addressing the urgent clinical challenge of diabetic complications. Finally, we outline key translational hurdles (biocompatibility, scalability) and future pathways to clinical adoption, positioning this work as a roadmap for next-generation diabetic wound solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113015"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyes and PigmentsPub Date : 2025-07-07DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113016
Jiahui Wu , Liu Hu , Fu Wang , Qinuo Han , Wo Nie
{"title":"Three-level cascade strategy: An acid-activatable photosensitizer with sequential excited-state switching","authors":"Jiahui Wu , Liu Hu , Fu Wang , Qinuo Han , Wo Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.113016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Activatable near-infrared (NIR) photosensitizers with high stimulus sensitivity are highly desirable for intelligent photodynamic therapy (PDT), yet their development is hindered by inefficient excitation channel regulation and poor supramolecular controllability. Accordingly, herein, we developed an ultra-sensitive H<sup>+</sup>-activatable photosensitizer (<strong>ZPN</strong>) by integrating zinc(II) phthalocyanine and 4-NH-1,8-naphthalimide modules via a flexible PEG bridge, adopting a self-folded triple-locked conformation (PET process, π-π stacking, and excited-state quenching). Under 660 nm light illumination, <strong>ZPN</strong> exhibits negligible singlet oxygen(<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) generation and fluorescence due to the multi-level suppression, but undergoes a dramatic “off-on” switch upon protonation: a 2.5-fold <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> enhancement and dual fluorescence amplification (15-fold/4-fold at 699 nm/530 nm). Molecular excited state dynamics and computational calculations reveal the quenched excitation channel of <strong>ZPN</strong> by the three-lock system. The activation can be achieved by the three-level linkage process: H<sup>+</sup>-triggered inhibition of a PET process unlocks the π-π stacking between the zinc(II) phthalocyanine and 4-NH-1,8-naphthalimide, enabling restored ROS generation. This three-level cascade strategy enriches the design strategies of adaptive single-molecule NIR photosensitizers with spatiotemporal precision.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 113016"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}