Dyes and Pigments最新文献

{"title":"Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopic investigation of Echium amoenum decoction","authors":"Ali Rahmatpanahi,&nbsp;Ali Bavali","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herbs containing medicinal ingredients with nutritional value have recently gained attention as an alternative to synthetic drugs. Aside from their pharmaceutical worthiness, a variety of naturally occurring chromophores with specific optical properties have made them valuable sources of natural pigments for many biophotonic applications. Echium Amoenum (EA) is one of the colorful flowers that has been used in traditional medicine for a long time. To our knowledge, although several studies have been carried out on the characterization of EA ingredients and their chemical activities, information on EA fluorescence is still lacking. Here, laser induced fluorescence (LIF) features of the decoction of EA petals were evaluated and found to be highly dependent on the excitation wavelength, EA concentration, and detection geometry. The abundance of pigments, the boundaries of their absorption/emission spectral regions, and the corresponding energy transfer ascertain the contribution of certain chromophores to the cumulative fluorescence activity. Upon deconvolution of the LIF spectra, it was revealed that the different emission bands of rosmarinic acid (corresponding to its dissociated forms) and the luminescent activity of luteolin and β-carotene mainly determine the quantum distribution of the fluorescence of EA. Angular measurement of LIF in a symmetric cylindrical arrangement revealed the presence of the inner filters mainly due to the reabsorption of LIF photons by anthocyanins (flavone, pelargonidin, delphinidin and cyanidin) and carotenoids. We hope that the obtained results will be useful in various fields of photochemistry and biophotonics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112481"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Thermochromic Properties of Fluoran-Based Complexes: Synthesis, Structural Influence, and Application in Temperature Sensing","authors":"Wei Luo ,&nbsp;Yanhua Qin ,&nbsp;Zhen Ma ,&nbsp;Liang Wang ,&nbsp;Qiao Cheng ,&nbsp;Chao Tan ,&nbsp;Meijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Hankun Zhang ,&nbsp;Benhua Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangzhi Song","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluoran dyes are extensively used as key components of thermochromic materials. To expand the scope of fluoran-based thermochromic systems, we conducted a comprehensive study to explore the relationships between the thermochromic properties of three-component complexes and the types and ratios of their constituents: fluoran dyes, developers, and solvents. We synthesized twenty-one fluoran dyes with varied chemical structures, including differences in the carbon chain length of the dialkylamino group, substitutions with electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups, and the enlargement of conjugation systems. By combining these dyes with several phenolic developers and three long-chain alcohols, we prepared numerous thermochromic complexes and evaluated their color-changing behaviors under temperature variations. Complexes utilizing developers, bisphenol (<strong>BPA</strong>), bisphenol S (<strong>BPS</strong>), 4-hydroxy-4'-isopropoxydiphenylsulfone (<strong>D-8</strong>), 2,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone (<strong>2, 4'-BPS</strong>), and octyl gallate (<strong>OG</strong>) exhibited a red-to-colorless transition with increasing temperature, whereas those with developer lauryl gallate (<strong>LG</strong>) displayed a colorless-to-red transition upon heating. The chain length and conjugation extension of fluoran dyes influenced the optimal ratio of the three components. Additionally, substituents on the xanthene moiety of fluoran dyes didn’t impact their complex performance. Finally, we demonstrated the fabrication of these thermochromic complexes on filter papers, showcasing their sensitivity to temperature fluctuations and highlighting their potential application as temperature sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112483"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near-infrared probes based on the phenanthridinium for dynamic monitoring of viscosity fluctuations during mitophagy","authors":"Hong-Xia Wang ,&nbsp;Jing-Yu Zhao ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Huan Ma ,&nbsp;Jian-Feng Ge ,&nbsp;Ru Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abnormal changes in the mitochondrial microenvironment can cause a variety of diseases. Consequently, based on the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) theory, three hemicyanine fluorescent probes <strong>1a-c</strong> were designed and developed by linking the phenanthridine group with different electron donor groups for the dynamic detection of mitochondrial viscosity in this paper. They have the advantages of near-infrared emission, excellent pH stability and viscosity sensitivity. Optical experiments showed that the maximum absorption and emission wavelengths of the probes in different solvents located at 411 − 529 nm and 623 − 684 nm with large Stokes shifts of 133 – 230 nm. In addition, when the viscosity increased from 0.89 cP to 856 cP, their fluorescence intensities in glycerol enhanced by 115-fold, 83-fold and 303-fold compared with water, respectively. The fluorescence intensities of probes showed excellent fit to the Forster Hoffmann equation, and exhibited nearly OFF-ON response to viscosity. Moreover, the probe <strong>1a</strong> with good photostability and low cytotoxicity could target mitochondria. It was verified that <strong>1a</strong> also could detect variation in mitochondrial viscosity during autophagy by modelling starvation and drug-induced (rapamycin and nystatin) in HeLa cells. Therefore, this study provides a useful probe for the analysis of mitophagy process in HeLa cells by the viscosity variation of mitochondria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112479"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two strategies of enhancing the therapeutic potential of a coumarin probe: Integration of a protonatable moiety and BSA-based nanoparticle formation","authors":"Gahyun Kim ,&nbsp;Jeonghye Han ,&nbsp;Van Kieu Thuy Nguyen ,&nbsp;Seongman Lee ,&nbsp;Suhong Min ,&nbsp;Subin Park ,&nbsp;Thanh Chung Pham ,&nbsp;Songyi Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a promising non-invasive approach for cancer treatment, relying on photosensitizers (PSs) to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light activation. This study aims to enhance the therapeutic potential of a coumarin-based fluorescent probe by employing two strategic modifications: the integration of a protonatable lysosome-targeting moiety and the formation of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-based nanoparticles. The <strong>COM</strong> molecule was synthesized with a morpholine moiety to facilitate lysosome targeting and protonation in acidic environments, thereby enhancing ROS production and promoting lysosomal dysfunction for increased cancer cell apoptosis. Additionally, <strong>COM</strong> was encapsulated in BSA nanoparticles (<strong>COM-BSA NPs</strong>) to leverage hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding, which enhance ROS generation by promoting the intersystem crossing (ISC) process. Comprehensive photophysical studies confirmed the enhanced ROS generation under acidic conditions and within BSA-based NPs. Cellular experiments demonstrated effective lysosome targeting and anticancer efficacy of both <strong>COM</strong> and <strong>COM-BSA NPs</strong>. These findings highlight the dual benefits of maintaining the bioimaging capabilities of coumarin while significantly improving its therapeutic efficacy in PDT applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112475"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two new thermally activated delayed fluorescent molecules incorporating spiro-acridine donors for sky-blue organic light emitting diode devices demonstrating an impressive 31% EQE","authors":"Aziz Khan ,&nbsp;Wang Qiang ,&nbsp;Sarvendra Kumar ,&nbsp;Tim Leydecker ,&nbsp;Zhiming Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) utilizing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials as the emitting layer are promising candidates for highly efficient light emission. However, they have traditionally faced challenges with achieving high luminance and high external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) in blue region. Here, we report on the design strategy of a donor-acceptor (D-A) type skeleton for highly efficient emitters, <strong>SpiroAC-MeTRZ</strong> and <strong>AdAC-MeTRZ</strong>, which incorporate <strong>SpiroAC</strong> and <strong>AdAC</strong> as donors and triazine as an acceptor, respectively. The introduction of methyl group on phenyl arms of the acceptor triazine is responsible for shallowing the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). <strong>SpiroAC-MeTRZ</strong> and <strong>AdAC-MeTRZ</strong> exhibit higher HOMO and LUMO values (and therefore a larger energy gap, <em>E</em>g) compared to SpiroAC-TRZ and a-DMAC-TRZ. The photophysical properties of the materials were explored, revealing excellent TADF properties. Moreover, in the case of <strong>AdAC-MeTRZ</strong>, the emission spectrum exhibits dual fluorescence emission (DFE), which can be ascribed to quasi-axial conformation (QAC) and quasi-equatorial conformation (QEC). The OLED devices fabricated with these materials exhibited efficient performance, with maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 31.4 % and 14.6 % at 484 nm and 472 nm for <strong>SpiroAC-MeTRZ</strong> and <strong>AdAC-MeTRZ</strong>, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112478"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming surface quenching in persistent luminescence nanoparticles with organic ligand coordination: Implications for enhanced optical imaging","authors":"Zhiheng Li ,&nbsp;Yarui Wang ,&nbsp;Tianshuai Wang ,&nbsp;Bing Qi ,&nbsp;Jie Wang ,&nbsp;Lin Shi ,&nbsp;Hong-Bo Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) have been considered as excellent luminescent tools for sensitive optical imaging. However, the persistent luminescence (PL) properties of PLNPs are usually suppressed due to severe surface quenching caused by nanoscale size. Despite considerable efforts, the understanding of surface quenching mechanisms remains a challenge. Here we report a surface ligand coordination method to enhance the PL properties of ZnGa₂O₄:Al,Cr (ZGO:AC) PLNPs. ZGO:AC PLNPs coated with organic ligands containing carboxyl groups show enhanced PL intensity and prolonged decay time. Among the six ligands, the phthalic acid (PA) ligands yielded the largest luminescence enhancement effect, on which the PL intensity and decay time increased 3 and 2 times compared with ligand-free ZGO:AC PLNPs, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and detailed characterizations demonstrated that surface quenching is suppressed due to the coordination of non-saturated Ga ions and -COO^- of ligands. Finally, ZGO:AC@PA PLNPs were applied in autofluorescence-free bioimaging and exhibited high imaging sensitivity and contrast ratio. These findings provide insights into the surface quenching mechanisms of PLNPs and offer a platform for developing highly emissive PLNPs on nanoscale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112477"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dual-targeted small-molecule photosensitizer with enhanced dual antitumor and anti-vascular effect for metastatic advanced prostate cancer photodynamic therapy","authors":"Juanjuan Chen ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Xu ,&nbsp;Qilu Wang ,&nbsp;Feifei Lin ,&nbsp;Xueqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Lirui Tang ,&nbsp;Jinping Xue ,&nbsp;Jinluan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advanced prostate cancer is regarded as a fatal disease, characterized by limited treatment options, poor prognosis and considerable tumor metastasis closely related to angiogenesis. Photodynamic therapy emerges as a promising and safe therapeutic modality for advanced prostate cancer with high metastasis and high fatality rate due to its focal damage to tumor cells, as well as its anti-angiogenesis and antitumor immunity capabilities. Herein, a tumor-targeting vascular disrupting agent ASA-404 was introduced to conjugate with a photosensitizer ZnPc for targeted prostate cancer treatment and enhanced vascular-disrupting efficiency. Notably, this novel organic small-molecule photosensitizer <strong>Pc-ASA</strong> possess a well-defined chemical structure and purity, as well as good photophysical and photochemical properties, which are of benefit for clinical approval and application. <strong>Pc-ASA</strong> prefers to accumulate in both prostate cancer cells and vascular endothelial cells. Moreover, the conjugation of ASA-404 boosts the photodynamic anticancer effect of <strong>Pc-ASA</strong> towards both prostate cancer cells and vascular endothelial cells. Ultimately, <strong>PC-ASA</strong> can successfully inhibit the migration and metastasis of prostate cancer cells, offering significant advantages in advanced prostate cancer management. Our study might open a window in the development of the tumor and vascular dual-targeted small-molecule photosensitizers, with the potential to achieve safe and efficient treatment of metastatic advanced prostate cancer through dual mode of antitumor and anti-vascular action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112476"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, synthesis and characterization of triphenylamine-based conjugated porous polymers as fluorescent receptors for nitroaromatic derivatives","authors":"Loredana Vacareanu,&nbsp;Andra-Elena Bejan,&nbsp;Dana Bejan,&nbsp;Petronela Pascariu,&nbsp;Mariana-Dana Damaceanu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two series of hyperbranched conjugated polymers were synthesized <em>via</em> straightforward oxidative coupling polymerization, starting from star-shaped triphenylamine compounds with different internal π-spacers, each varying through the electron-withdrawing properties and rigidity. Excellent total reaction yields were achieved, exceeding 80 % under emulsion reaction conditions, particularly when employing compounds with high electron-withdrawing character (-CN). The polymers containing <em>p</em>-phenylene-vinylene and mixed <em>p</em>-phenylene (vinylene)-ethynylene structures were obtained predominantly as insoluble powders, mainly due to their fully aromatic backbone structure or highly cross-linked formed networks, and their chemical structures were validated by FT-IR analysis. Optical studies revealed that polymers synthesized under classical reaction conditions exhibited enhanced π-conjugation compared to those obtained <em>via</em> emulsion oxidative conditions, which was clearly reflected in a red-shift of the absorption and emission maxima. Conversely, the use of surfactants along with planar and rigid triple bonds facilitated the formation of more porous polymer networks, with the highest specific surface areas of 492 m²g^-1, compared to analogous networks based on vinylene hyperbranched polymers (99 m²g^-1) and (cyano)vinylene hyperbranched polymers (44 m²g^-1). The fluorescence emission of these polymers as solid dispersions in chloroform, although of low intensity for the CN-containing polymers, enables them to detect the nitro-aromatic derivatives <em>via</em> fluorescence quenching. The dependence of both detection limit and emission quenching efficiency on the polymers backbone structure and employed synthesis method was obvious. Notably, the Stern-Volmer quenching constant (K_SV) was highest for TNP, reaching 17.9 × 10³ M^-1 in the case of <em>p</em>-phenylene-vinylene polymer synthesized under emulsion reaction conditions, indicating promising avenues for the development of solid-state fluorescence sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112470"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photo-modulation of the two-photon excited fluorescence of dithienylethene bis-(1-pyrenyl) compounds: An experimental and theoretical study","authors":"Marie Barale,&nbsp;Iulia Turcas,&nbsp;Violette Gousseau,&nbsp;Muriel Escadeillas,&nbsp;Elsa Caytan,&nbsp;Gregory Taupier,&nbsp;Yann Molard,&nbsp;Arnaud Fihey,&nbsp;Julien Boixel","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photomodulation of two-photon excited fluorescence has been effectively controlled in 1-pyrene-based dithienylethenes. The specific molecular design enables photocommutation of two-photon excited fluorescence during sequential one- and two-photon excitations without interference nor destructive optical readout. Theoretical studies have concluded that the internal functionalization of pyrene is responsible for the photoactivity in these systems. Photophysical studies indicate that the presence of a second laterally introduced pyrene is crucial for maintaining high photocommutation contrast and durability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112473"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and synthesis of heterocycle-based push-pull NLOphores: A comprehensive study of their linear and non-linear optical properties","authors":"Başak Karagöllü ,&nbsp;Tolga Orçun Şengöz ,&nbsp;Hazal Kayaş ,&nbsp;Kübra Erden ,&nbsp;Ertan Şahin ,&nbsp;Okan Esenturk ,&nbsp;Cagatay Dengiz","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2024.112469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Push-pull chromophores, with strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), exhibit high ground-state polarization, driving strong NLO responses. The donor and acceptor abilities of the groups in the investigated compounds influence ICT, so the nonlinear response of these compounds was analyzed in relation to their strength. Two different families of NLOphores were synthesized through [2 + 2] cycloaddition-retroelectrocyclizations of heterocycle-based electron-rich alkynes with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) and tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ). The <em>λ</em>_max values of push-pull chromophores, particularly for charge transfer bands, fall within the range of 424–758 nm. The linear and nonlinear optical properties of these NLOphores were subsequently examined through a combination of experimental and theoretical methods. NLO measurements were conducted using a validated custom-made Z-scan device. The nonlinear absorption coefficients range from −1.44 × 10⁻⁴ cm.W⁻¹ to −9.90 × 10⁻⁴ cm.W⁻¹, while nonlinear refractive indices range from −1.59 × 10⁻⁷ cm². W⁻¹ to −2.26 × 10⁻⁶ cm². W⁻¹. As expected from their molecular structures, the TCNQ products displayed stronger nonlinear responses than the TCNE products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112469"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}