Dyes and Pigments最新文献

{"title":"Lab-on-hybrid materials: Color-brand multitarget fluorescence detection with white-light-emitting flexible materials","authors":"Ning Gao ,&nbsp;Xi Chen ,&nbsp;Haoran Wu ,&nbsp;Xuelei Pang ,&nbsp;Xudong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical production requires the rapid and highly sensitive detection of trace volatile substances. Although the commonly used multichannel combined detection methods are quantitatively accurate, they require the joint operation of multiple devices and are unsuitable for on-site detection. Fluorescence detection technology has attracted considerable interest in the sensing field owing to its high sensitivity, low cost, and multicolor changes, although cost reduction requires the preparation of portable and sensitive on-site detection materials. In this paper, single-wavelength-excited complexes are integrated into a rare-earth organic–inorganic hybrid thin film that senses and identifies multiple target analytes. The volatilization characteristics of the gas generated during production were simulated on five common acidic and amine volatile substances as target compounds, verifying the detection ability of the material. By virtue of their different quenching mechanisms—energy competition, hydrogen bonding, and energy resonance—the channels produce different responses to each volatile substance, causing changes in the fluorescence color. As the detected substances generate different fluorescence-change processes and final colors, a change path similar to a fluorescence fingerprint is formed, enabling qualitative and quantitative analyses. Exploiting the flexibility of the thin film and its responses to different target substances, a system that encrypts and decrypts information was then designed. The proposed lab-on hybrid material simplifies the multitarget identification process and has substantial potential for various sensing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 112969"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-doped blue and red phosphorescent OLEDs based on benzothiazole as bipolar host materials","authors":"Yongjie Hou ,&nbsp;Siying Ye ,&nbsp;Daqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Xu ,&nbsp;Wei Shi ,&nbsp;Haitao Zhou ,&nbsp;Jinhai Huang ,&nbsp;Bin Wei ,&nbsp;Zhiyun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, two novel bipolar host materials consisting of electron-rich carbazole and triphenylamine units and electron-deficient benzothiazole units, namely 4-(7-(4-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)phenyl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-N,N-diphenylaniline (<strong>TPA-BTZ</strong>) and 2-(4-(7-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)phenyl)benzo-[d]thiazole (<strong>Cz-BTZ</strong>), were first designed and synthesized. By incorporating 9,9-dimethylfluorene π-bridge to increase the molecular rigidity and improve the photo-thermal stability and photo-luminescent quantum yields, all the materials exhibited excellent thermal stability with thermal decomposition temperature (5 % weight-loss temperature) of exceeding 380 °C. Red phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs) based on these two materials were fabricated, which showed excellent performance with a very low turn-on voltage of 2.6 V. Remarkably, the device hosted by <strong>Cz-BTZ</strong> exhibited a maximal external quantum efficiencies (EQE_max) of 27.82 % and a maximal power efficiency of 36.21 lm/W. The device hosted by <strong>TPA-BTZ</strong> exhibited an EQE_max of 27.72 % and a maximum luminance of 21116 cd/m². Moreover, the <strong>Cz-BTZ</strong>-based OLED had a minor efficiency roll-off with the EQE remaining at 26.76 % when the luminance reached 1000 cd/m². In addition, the non-doped blue OLED based on <strong>Cz-BTZ</strong> achieved an EQE_max of 4.85 %. Designing bipolar phosphorescent host materials based on benzothiazole is a feasible approach for achieving highly efficient and thermally stable PhOLEDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 112977"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unimolecular multi-color photoswitching via imidazole-fused tetraarylethylene: photochromism, ion sensing and applications","authors":"Renjie Wang ,&nbsp;Shunyang Liu ,&nbsp;Lili Chen ,&nbsp;Yuan Ji ,&nbsp;Gang Li ,&nbsp;Shouzhi Pu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three imidazole-fused tetraarylethylene fluorescent probes (<strong>TPT-DPIo</strong>, <strong>TPT-PIo</strong>, and <strong>TPT-PHIo</strong>) featuring a unified molecular scaffold that integrates photochromism, multi-analyte sensing, and unimolecular photoswitching were developed. Upon 365 nm irradiation, these compounds undergo ultrafast photocyclization with concomitant photo-oxidative activation, generating irreversible fluorescence enhancement. Crucially, they enable anion/cation-discriminative detection: hydrogen bonding interaction by CN⁻/F⁻ induces the unaided eye visible color shifts, while Zn²⁺/Cd²⁺ binding with <strong>TPT-PHIo</strong> triggers large Stokes shifts (Δλ_em = 104 nm for Zn²⁺, 70 nm for Cd²⁺), accompanied by emission color transitions from dark blue (<em>λ</em>_{em,<strong>TPT-PHIo</strong>} = 456 nm 456 nm) to green or yellow. Importantly, the presence of CN⁻, F⁻, Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ can remarkably activate the photocyclization reaction, achieving multi-color switching within a single molecular platform. Practical utility was demonstrated through test strips for on-site CN⁻/F⁻ and Zn²⁺/Cd²⁺ detection, alongside live-cell imaging with &gt;90 % viability, confirming their dual functionality as environmental sensors and biocompatible bioimaging agents. This work provides analyte-gated photoresponsive materials for adaptive optoelectronic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 112962"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the effect of amino substitution on intramolecular electron/energy transfer and intersystem crossing in the naphthalimide-pyrene donor-acceptor dyad","authors":"Muhammad Imran ,&nbsp;Junpeng Deng ,&nbsp;Zhaogang Nie ,&nbsp;Zhengyan Liu ,&nbsp;Lin Ma ,&nbsp;Gloria Mazzone ,&nbsp;Zheng Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We synthesized a molecular dyad (<strong>NINH-Py</strong>) featuring pyrene (Py) as an electron donor and naphthalimide (NI) as an electron acceptor. The molecular design incorporates an orthogonal geometry facilitated by steric influence of the 4-amino group on the NI unit to study the structure-property relationship (electron transfer and intersystem crossing) for tuning the excited state dynamics. The photophysical characteristics of the dyad were comprehensively examined in solution and polymer films (in comparison with a previous dyad without an amino group, <strong>NI-Py</strong>) using a suite of spectroscopic techniques, complemented by quantum chemical calculations. The interaction between NINH and Py units in <strong>NINH-Py</strong> is limited at ground and excited states, which is evident by the unquenched fluorescence even in polar solvents. Femtosecond transient absorption spectra exhibited environment-dependent photophysics: in solution, the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from Py unit to NINH moiety (¹Py∗ → ¹NINH∗ process) occurring within ca. 0.65 ps, conceivably in competition with charge separation. However, in polymer film triplet formation is observed within ca. 1.0 ns. Contrarily, <strong>NI-Py</strong> dyad (without amino group) showed efficient charge separation at ca. 0.20 ps. Interestingly, in contrast to the previously reported <strong>NI-Py</strong>, upon introducing amino substitution on NI unit, the localization of triplet state is shifted from pyrene chromophore to NI moiety in <strong>NINH-Py</strong>. Notably, the triplet lifetime is significantly longer than that achieved for the dyad without amino group (281.4 μs vs 84 μs). The solvent polarity-independent low singlet oxygen quantum yield of only ∼15 % shows lack of charge transfer mediated ISC. Moreover, <em>P</em>-type delayed fluorescence was observed for the dyad (τ_DF = 56.4 μs). Theoretical calculations support the experimental observation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 112976"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected thiazole-based M(II) complexes (M = Cu, Ni, or Co): Harnessing metal–ligand synergy against bacterial and fungal pathogens","authors":"Mohammed Sanad Alhussaini,&nbsp;AbdulRahman Abdulla Ibrahim Alyahya,&nbsp;Abdullah Abdulrahman Al-Ghanayem","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens has intensified the need for novel antimicrobial agents with enhanced efficacy and unique mechanisms of action. Among the various strategies under exploration, metal-based therapeutics have gained considerable attention due to their multifaceted biological activities. In particular, M(II) complexes coordinated with thiazole-based ligands have emerged as promising candidates owing to their intrinsic antimicrobial properties and the potential to act through synergistic mechanisms. Thiazole, a privileged heterocycle in medicinal chemistry, provides strong coordination sites and biological activity, while M(II) contributes redox activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and biomolecular targeting. The resulting complexes exhibit dual-action antimicrobial effects, targeting both prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens through membrane disruption, enzyme inhibition, DNA interaction, and oxidative damage. This review explores recent advancements in the biological evaluation of thiazole–M(II) complexes as potent antibacterial and antifungal agents. It highlights their structural diversity, coordination chemistry, and structure–activity relationships (SAR), with emphasis on synergistic interactions that enhance antimicrobial potency while reducing resistance development. By harnessing the cooperative effects of metal ions and bioactive ligands, thiazole–M(II) complexes offer a promising platform for next-generation antimicrobial drug development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 112978"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrimidine-based single-molecule fluorescent probe for sensing of pH, trivalent ions (Cr3+/Al3+/Fe3+), homocysteine, and hydroxyl radicals","authors":"Hongbing Lu ,&nbsp;Rui Tian ,&nbsp;Lili Chen ,&nbsp;Huanhuan Fan ,&nbsp;Renjie Wang ,&nbsp;Shouzhi Pu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two novel arylvinylpyrimidine scaffold fluorescent probes, <strong>BTPAT-PA</strong> (4,4'-(5,5'-(2-aminopyrimidine-4,6-diyl)bis(ethene-2,1-diyl))bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(<em>N</em>, <em>N</em>-diphenylaniline) and <strong>BAT-PA</strong> (4,6-bis(2-(5-(anthracene-9-yl)thiophene-2-yl)vinyl)pyrimidine-2-amine), were rationally designed and synthesized using triphenylamine/anthracene as electron donors, and 2-aminopyrimidine acted as the electron acceptor. Both probes exhibit remarkable acid-responsive chromic switching with fully reversible behavior. Their initially colored solutions and intense fluorescence undergo quenching upon exposure to acidic conditions, which can be restored by subsequent base treatment, demonstrating robust stimulus-responsive cyclability. Additionally, <strong>BTPAT-PA</strong> achieves dual-mode discrimination of homocysteine (Hcy) and hydroxyl radical (•OH) via distinct covalent binding pathways, inducing naked-eye-detectable color transitions between orange and purple. In contrast, <strong>BAT-PA</strong> selectively responds to •OH through a fluorescence “turn-off” mechanism (bright green fluorescence to quenched), while remaining inert toward Hcy. Moreover, both probes enable Cr³⁺ quantification through a 1:1 binding stoichiometry, resulting in emission attenuation and yellow-to-orange color shifts with ultrahigh sensitivity (LOD: 1.31 × 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹ for <strong>BTPAT-PA</strong> and 3.67 × 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹ for <strong>BAT-PA</strong>). Finally, the multi-stimulus responsiveness of these probes was utilized to develop portable test strips for on-site visual detection of acid, Hcy, •OH, and Cr³⁺. Fluorescence imaging experiments confirmed their excellent cell-membrane permeability and low cytotoxicity, which facilitated effective cell imaging. Therefore, the multi-stimulus responsiveness and facile preparation of these probes make them promising for developing multi-signal fluorescent systems to rapidly detect acids, metal ions, and bioactive small molecules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 112964"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of bridging substances on the photocatalytic performance of carboxylated dye-sensitized TiO2","authors":"Yu Sun,&nbsp;Lirong Chen,&nbsp;Mengyang Lv,&nbsp;Yufei Hu,&nbsp;Zhenchao Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interconnection between dye molecules and TiO₂ through a bridging substance has been demonstrated as an effective method to optimize the transport pathway of photogenerated electrons while enhancing the structural stability of composite systems. However, there are currently no established guidelines for the selection of bridging substances, which affects the expression of the photocatalytic performance of composite materials. In this study, a series of bridging substances containing carboxyl and hydroxyl groups were used for the preparation of carboxylate dye-sensitized TiO₂. The performance of the composite photocatalysts was analyzed through photocatalytic degradation experiments and various characterization techniques. The results indicate that the relative position of the substituents affects the electron distribution within the benzene ring, thereby influencing the electron transfer process through the bridging substance. Increasing the length of the bridging substance has a negative impact on photocatalytic performance, leading to a significant decline in various properties. The addition of too little or too much bridging substance prevents the full utilization of its catalytic potential. Finally, meta-hydroxybenzoic acid demonstrated the best auxiliary capability among ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid, meta-hydroxybenzoic acid, para-hydroxybenzoic acid, para-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 112979"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of aryl extension on the proton-triggered transition switch in azaheterocycle-functionalized ESIPT fluorophores","authors":"Timothée Stoerkler ,&nbsp;Théo Andris ,&nbsp;Gilles Ulrich ,&nbsp;Adèle D. Laurent ,&nbsp;Denis Jacquemin ,&nbsp;Julien Massue","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article describes the synthesis along with full photophysical characterization in both solution and solid-state of a series of 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzazole linked to an aza-heterocycle (pyridine or isoquinoline) by one or two aryl rings. The impact of the length of the spacer is investigated in the light of emission wavelength, quantum yield, sensitivity to protons and possibility of transition switch upon protonation. Correlation of first-principle calculations and experimental results help decipher the excited-state dynamics, allowing to draw and discuss hypotheses concerning the nature of the excited species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 112975"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of N,O-benzamide borondifluoride-based lipid droplets-targeting fluorescent probes for fatty liver identification","authors":"Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Yixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuo He ,&nbsp;Yufo Chen ,&nbsp;Shanshan Zhang ,&nbsp;Meng Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Wang ,&nbsp;Wuyu Mao ,&nbsp;Zishu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The abnormal accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocytes under stress is closely associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To evaluate lipid droplets (LDs) in pathological conditions, we developed four far-red/near-infrared boron difluoride (BF₂) probes with large Stokes shifts. These probes can be modularly synthesized from N,O-benzamide BF₂-bridged electron acceptors. The fluorescence properties of these molecules display distinct solvatochromic behavior. Notably, <strong>BAF-1</strong> and <strong>BAF-2</strong> show notable sensitivity to variations in solvent polarity, and the high fluorescence intensity in the low-polarity solvents such as 1,4-dioxane. In particular, <strong>BAF-1</strong> demonstrates optimal Clog P, specific targeting of LDs and excellent photostability in living cells. Through confocal imaging, we identified the <strong>BAF-1</strong> is able to detect the polarity changes and dynamically monitor the interaction of LDs. <strong>BAF-1</strong> has been utilized to detect the changes of LDs between normal and fatty liver conditions. Confocal images of frozen tissue sections revealed an ultrahigh contrast (up to 160-fold) in LDs accumulation within the liver microenvironment of NAFLD mice. Consequently, the BF₂-based probe <strong>BAF-1</strong> demonstrates potential as a tool for investigating the biological functions of LDs and for facilitating precise diagnosis of fatty liver disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 112967"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of colorimetric/fluorescent dual-signal probes for the detection of β-galactosidase in senescent cells","authors":"Lei Dong ,&nbsp;Lu-Lu Sun ,&nbsp;Wen-Jia Li ,&nbsp;Jing Xing ,&nbsp;Mingchao Tan ,&nbsp;Yanan Han ,&nbsp;Hai-Hao Han ,&nbsp;Li-Ya Niu ,&nbsp;Zhong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sensitive and selective detection of <em>β</em>-galactosidase (<em>β</em>-Gal) activity and spatial distribution holds critical importance for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular senescence and associated pathologies. Herein, we present ratiometric probes (<strong>1</strong> and <strong>2</strong>) integrating dual signals of colorimetric and red fluorescence for precise <em>β-</em>Gal detection in solution and senescent cells. Strategic introduction of chlorine on a tricyanofuran (TCF)-based fluorophore (<strong>1</strong>) enabled enzyme-responsive absorption shifts from 420 nm to 575 nm in absorption accompanied by remarkable red fluorescence enhancement (&gt;80-fold at 622 nm). These red-shifted photophysical properties were attributed to the enhanced electron-donating ability from <em>β</em>-Gal-released phenolate residue (<strong>1-O</strong>), which is stabilized through the incorporation of chlorine into the molecular structure. Probe <strong>1</strong> demonstrated exceptional analytical performance with detection limits of 1.2 × 10⁻⁴ U mL⁻¹ (absorption) and 7.4 × 10⁻⁵ U mL⁻¹ (fluorescence), outperforming conventional probes in sensitivity and selectivity. Therefore, <strong>1</strong> was allowed to track the endogenous <em>β</em>-Gal in senescent A549 cells with a long sensing period (24 h). This work establishes a framework for designing multimodal optical probes through rational structural improvement, offering broad applicability in senescence research, diagnostic assay development, and therapeutic evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":302,"journal":{"name":"Dyes and Pigments","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 112972"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}