E. Cartier, V. Narayanan, E. Gusev, P. Jamison, B. Linder, M. Steen, K. Chan, M. Frank, N. Bojarczuk, M. Copel, S. Cohen, S. Zafar, A. Callegari, M. Gribelyuk, M. Chudzik, C. Cabral, R. Carruthers, C. D'Emic, J. Newbury, D. Lacey, S. Guha, R. Jammy
{"title":"Systematic study of pFET V/sub t/ with Hf-based gate stacks with poly-Si and FUSI gates","authors":"E. Cartier, V. Narayanan, E. Gusev, P. Jamison, B. Linder, M. Steen, K. Chan, M. Frank, N. Bojarczuk, M. Copel, S. Cohen, S. Zafar, A. Callegari, M. Gribelyuk, M. Chudzik, C. Cabral, R. Carruthers, C. D'Emic, J. Newbury, D. Lacey, S. Guha, R. Jammy","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345383","url":null,"abstract":"The flatband/threshold voltages (V/sub fb//V/sub t/) in poly-Si gated pFETs with Hf-based gate dielectrics are shown to be set during poly-Si deposition and are found to remain virtually unchanged during gate implantation and activation, independent of the p-type dopant. The reaction of Si with HfO/sub 2/ at poly-Si deposition temperatures is identified as the root cause for the poor V/sub fb//V/sub t/ control. No improvement in V/sub t/ control is obtained by engineering physically closed Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ barrier layers on HfO/sub 2/. It is furthermore shown for the first time that even when the gate is fully silicided (FUSI) large V/sub fb//V/sub t/ shifts are observed with HfO/sub 2/. Reduced pFET shifts are observed when Hf-silicates with low Hf content are used and further improvements are observed by using Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ cap layers on silicates.","PeriodicalId":297052,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 2004 Symposium on VLSI Technology, 2004.","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115838333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Khamankar, H. Bu, C. Bowen, S. Chakravarthi, P. Chidambaram, M. Bevan, A. Krishnan, H. Niimi, B. Smith, J. Blatchford, B. Hornung, J.P. Lu, P. Nicollian, B. Kirkpatrick, D. Miles, M. Hewson, D. Farber, L. Hall, H. Alshareef, A. Varghese, A. Gurba, V. Ukraintsev, B. Rathsack, J. Deloach, J. Tran, C. Kaneshige, M. Somervell, S. Aur, C. Machala, T. Grider
{"title":"An enhanced 90nm high performance technology with strong performance improvements from stress and mobility increase through simple process changes","authors":"R. Khamankar, H. Bu, C. Bowen, S. Chakravarthi, P. Chidambaram, M. Bevan, A. Krishnan, H. Niimi, B. Smith, J. Blatchford, B. Hornung, J.P. Lu, P. Nicollian, B. Kirkpatrick, D. Miles, M. Hewson, D. Farber, L. Hall, H. Alshareef, A. Varghese, A. Gurba, V. Ukraintsev, B. Rathsack, J. Deloach, J. Tran, C. Kaneshige, M. Somervell, S. Aur, C. Machala, T. Grider","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345456","url":null,"abstract":"In this abstract we present a highly manufacturable, high performance 90nm technology with best in class performance for 35nm gate-length N and P transistors. Unique, but simple and low cost, process changes have been utilized to modulate channel stress and implant profile to generate enhanced performance with no additional masks. High drive currents of 1193uA/um and 587uA/um are obtained for nMOS and pMOS transistors respectively at 1.2V Vdd and an Ioff of 60nA//spl mu/m. An industry leading 90nm technology CV/I of 0.61 ps and 1.12ps are obtained for nMOS and pMOS transistors respectively. An aggressively scaled 12/spl Aring/ EOT plasma-nitrided, cluster gate dielectric is used. Process conditions are optimized to obtain high drive current, good Vt roll-off control and simultaneously meet reliability requirements.","PeriodicalId":297052,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 2004 Symposium on VLSI Technology, 2004.","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123882710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Thean, A. Vandooren, S. Kalpat, Y. Du, I. To, J. Hughes, T. Stephens, B. Goolsby, T. White, A. Barr, L. Mathew, M. Huang, S. Egley, M. Zavala, D. Eades, K. Sphabmixay, J. Schaeffer, D. Triyoso, M. Rossow, D. Roan, D. Pham, R. Rai, S. Murphy, B. Nguyen, B. White, A. Duvallet, T. Dao, J. Mogab
{"title":"Performance and reliability of sub-100nm TaSiN metal gate fully-depleted SOI devices with high-k (HfO/sub 2/) gate dielectric","authors":"A. Thean, A. Vandooren, S. Kalpat, Y. Du, I. To, J. Hughes, T. Stephens, B. Goolsby, T. White, A. Barr, L. Mathew, M. Huang, S. Egley, M. Zavala, D. Eades, K. Sphabmixay, J. Schaeffer, D. Triyoso, M. Rossow, D. Roan, D. Pham, R. Rai, S. Murphy, B. Nguyen, B. White, A. Duvallet, T. Dao, J. Mogab","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345420","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we report the performance and reliability of sub-100nm TaSiN metal gate fully depleted SOI devices with high-k gate dielectric. Performance differences between fully-depleted and partially-depleted devices are highlighted. This is also the first time that an unique asymmetric degradation phenomenon between electron and hole mobility in metal/high-k devices is reported. Despite the use of high-k dielectric, we show that these devices exhibit superior reliability, noise and analog circuit performances.","PeriodicalId":297052,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 2004 Symposium on VLSI Technology, 2004.","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122064650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fu-Liang Yang, Cheng-Chuan Huang, Chien-Chao Huang, Tang-Xuan Chung, Hou-Yu Chen, Chang-Yun Chang, Hung-Wei Chen, Di-Hong Lee, Sheng-Da Liu, Kuang-Hsin Chen, Cheng-Kuo Wen, Shui-Ming Cheng, Chang-Ta Yang, Li-Wei Kung, Chiu-Lien Lee, Y. Chou, Fu-Jye Liang, Lin-Hung Shiu, Jan-Wen You, King-Chang Shu, Bin-Chang Chang, Jaw-Jung Shin, Chun-Kuang Chen, T. Gau, Ping-Wei Wang, B. Chan, P. Hsu, J. Shieh, S. Fung, C. H. Diaz, C. Wu, Y. See, B.J. Lin, M. Liang, J. Sun, C. Hu
{"title":"45nm node planar-SOI technology with 0.296 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ 6T-SRAM cell","authors":"Fu-Liang Yang, Cheng-Chuan Huang, Chien-Chao Huang, Tang-Xuan Chung, Hou-Yu Chen, Chang-Yun Chang, Hung-Wei Chen, Di-Hong Lee, Sheng-Da Liu, Kuang-Hsin Chen, Cheng-Kuo Wen, Shui-Ming Cheng, Chang-Ta Yang, Li-Wei Kung, Chiu-Lien Lee, Y. Chou, Fu-Jye Liang, Lin-Hung Shiu, Jan-Wen You, King-Chang Shu, Bin-Chang Chang, Jaw-Jung Shin, Chun-Kuang Chen, T. Gau, Ping-Wei Wang, B. Chan, P. Hsu, J. Shieh, S. Fung, C. H. Diaz, C. Wu, Y. See, B.J. Lin, M. Liang, J. Sun, C. Hu","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345362","url":null,"abstract":"The first 45nm node planar-SOI technology has been developed with 6T-SRAM cell of 0.296 /spl mu/m/sup 2/. An adequate static noise margin of 120mV is obtained even at 0.6V operation. Fine patterning with line pitch of 130nm and contact pitch of 140nm by optical lithography is demonstrated. Transistors with 30nm gate length and 27nm slim spacer operate at 1V/0.85V with excellent drive currents of 1000/740 and 530/420 /spl mu/A//spl mu/m for N-FET and P-FET, respectively. The P-FET current is the best reported so far.","PeriodicalId":297052,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 2004 Symposium on VLSI Technology, 2004.","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128879518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Tezuka, S. Nakaharai, Y. Moriyama, N. Sugiyama, S. Takagi
{"title":"Selectively-formed high mobility SiGe-on-Insulator pMOSFETs with Ge-rich strained surface channels using local condensation technique","authors":"T. Tezuka, S. Nakaharai, Y. Moriyama, N. Sugiyama, S. Takagi","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345477","url":null,"abstract":"A new approach to selectively form strained SiGe-on-Insulator (SGOI) channel transistors with very high Ge fraction on an SOI substrate is demonstrated. This method consists of epitaxial growth of SiGe layer with low Ge fraction and local oxidation processes. The obtained SGOI-pMOSFET with a Ge fraction of 93% has exhibited mobility enhancement up to 10 times. The thickness scalability of the SGOI channels was also confirmed down to 5 nm.","PeriodicalId":297052,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 2004 Symposium on VLSI Technology, 2004.","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128571743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sun Jung Kim, B. Cho, M. Li, S. Ding, M. Yu, Chunxiang Zhu, A. Chin, D. Kwong
{"title":"Engineering of voltage nonlinearity in high-k MIM capacitor for analog/mixed-signal ICs","authors":"Sun Jung Kim, B. Cho, M. Li, S. Ding, M. Yu, Chunxiang Zhu, A. Chin, D. Kwong","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345489","url":null,"abstract":"It is demonstrated for the first time that voltage linearity coefficients (VCC) of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors can be engineered and virtually zero VCC can be achieved by using stacked insulator structure of high-K and SiO/sub 2/ dielectrics. Capacitance density of 6 fF/ /spl mu/m/sup 2/ and VCC of 14 ppm/V/sup 2/ achieved in this work are the best ever reported. The HfO/sub 2//SiO/sub 2/ stacked MIM shows excellent performance in other parameters as well, such as low leakage current, low TCC, and stable frequency dependence.","PeriodicalId":297052,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 2004 Symposium on VLSI Technology, 2004.","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126634398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K.C. Lin, Y.C. Lu, L.P. Li, B.T. Chen, H. Chang, H. Lu, S. Jeng, S. Jang, M. Liang
{"title":"Reliability robustness of 65nm BEOL Cu damascene interconnects using porous CVD low-k dielectrics with k = 2.2","authors":"K.C. Lin, Y.C. Lu, L.P. Li, B.T. Chen, H. Chang, H. Lu, S. Jeng, S. Jang, M. Liang","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2004.1345396","url":null,"abstract":"Reliability concerns over the applications of porous low-k dielectrics for Cu dual damascene (DD) interconnects have been dismissed with novel film formation methods, patterning approaches and structure designs. Results showed that the BEOL time dependent dielectric breakdown (BEOL TDDB) performance of interconnects built using porous CVD LK's with k=2.2 and pore size /spl sim/2.8nm were not comprised with film pore integrity retained to have TDDB T/sub 63/ predicted to be 1 /spl times/ 10/sup 9/ yrs at 0.3 MV/cm and 125/spl deg/C. Further investigations also revealed that the impacts of weak mechanical and poor thermal properties associated with the LK material on its interconnect electromigration and stress migration performances can be demolished through various interface engineering with EM lifetimes of 0.12 /spl mu/m Cu lines or 0.13 /spl mu/m vias at 1 MA/cm/sup 2/ and 110/spl deg/C longer than 400k hrs or 150k hrs, and SM failure rate = 0 (>100% Re shift) for vias on all test structures after thermal annealing at 150/spl deg/C for 500 hrs.","PeriodicalId":297052,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Technical Papers. 2004 Symposium on VLSI Technology, 2004.","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131042761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}