ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología最新文献

{"title":"De vicisitudes, itinerarios y otros designios. Trayectorias científicas en México","authors":"César Guzmán Tovar","doi":"10.14201/art20198273101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/art20198273101","url":null,"abstract":"El presente articulo analiza las trayectorias de los miembros de tres centros de investigacion en Mexico. Para ello se recurre a dos categorias analiticas que se yuxtaponen en las practicas cotidianas:  trayectorias y  experiencias . A traves de ellas se analiza el sentido atribuido al papel de la ciencia en la sociedad como uno de los pliegues de las subjetividades cientificas. La hipotesis es que las trayectorias definen modos de hacer ciencia y esto a su vez configura un sentido al trabajo de investigacion, una disposicion del papel de la ciencia en la sociedad. La investigacion se baso en el metodo biografico en donde se da centralidad a las entrevistas en profundidad. La apuesta metodologica se complemento con la revision documental y el analisis de los  curriculum vitae de los cientificos entrevistados.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115721191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geometría del movimiento: algunos elementos de su desarrollo histórico","authors":"Mario Bacelar Valente","doi":"10.14201/art201982526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/art201982526","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we return to Marshall Clagett’s view about the existence of an ancient Greek geometry of motion. It can be read in two ways. As a basic presentation of ancient Greek geometry of motion, followed by some aspects of its further development in landmark works by Galileo and Newton. Conversely, it can be read as a basic presentation of aspects of Galileo’s and Newton’s mathematics that can be considered as developments of a geometry of motion that was first conceived by ancient Greek mathematicians.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"306 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133198702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Una historia material de la ciencia y la tecnología: domesticación, laboratorios y registros","authors":"Ana Romero de Pablos","doi":"10.14201/ART2019818296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/ART2019818296","url":null,"abstract":"En este articulo se proponen los repositorios cientificos como sujetos y objetos epistemologicos para reflexionar sobre el concepto de domesticacion. En la primera parte del trabajo, se narran parte de los experimentos realizados con el fago phi 29 en un laboratorio del Centro de Biologia Molecular del CSIC, para describir tres procesos distintos de domesticacion. Y en la segunda, centrada en el estudio de los registros de los experimentos, se analiza la agencia de los cuadernos de laboratorio en los procesos de domesticacion. Las formas que pautan los cuadernos, las voces que incluyen y los tiempos que en ellos quedan atrapados aportan informacion critica y novedosa sobre los procesos de domesticacion y sus significados.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115847390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comunicación de las Ciencias en Argentina: escenarios y prácticas de un campo en mutación","authors":"C. Cortassa, Cecilia Rosen","doi":"10.14201/ART2019816181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/ART2019816181","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl articulo aborda una reconstruccion de las etapas mas recientes en el desarrollo de la Comunicacion de las Ciencias en Argentina. El enfoque general se inspira en el metodo de “cartografiado cultural” propuesto por Gyerin para indagar en las dinamicas de configuracion de los campos de saberes y practicas, cuyas fronteras se desplazan al ritmo de factores intrinsecos y extrinsecos, tanto de orden epistemico como extra-epistemico. La premisa es que la reflexion sobre la evolucion disciplinar no puede producirse al margen de los condicionamientos particulares que inciden sobre su desarrollo, sino de manera contextualmente anclada. Sobre esa base, el proposito es describir e interpretar el despliegue -y los repliegues- de la comunicacion cientifica local en el marco de sus interacciones con otros ambitos y sus respectivos agentes: entre ellos, los organismos y comunidades productoras de conocimientos, las politicas publicas sectoriales, los medios masivos de comunicacion y la industria cultural. Luego de una breve referencia a determinados logros y avances relevantes alcanzados durante el siglo pasado, el interes principal esta depositado en la etapa de consolidacion disciplinar iniciada a comienzos de los 2000 y en los profundos cambios acontecidos desde entonces. EnglishThe article is aimed at reconstructing the most recent stages in the development of Science Communication in Argentina. The general approach is inspired by the “cultural cartography” method proposed by Gyerin to explore the dyamics that shapes and re-shapes the border’s of different fields of knowledges and practices, at the pace of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, of epistemical and non-epistemical considerations. The underlying premise is that any reflection on the issue cannot leave aside the particular conditions that affects that development; rather just the opposite, it must be deeply contextually-anchored. On this basis, the purpose is to describe and interpret the booms-and-busts of the local Science Communication in the contexts of its relations with different areas and their respective agents: scientific institutions, public policies for research and development, the mass-media and the cultural industry, among others. After a brief reference to certain relevant advances accomplished during the twentieth century, the main emphasis is put in the current consolidation phase, started at the turn of the 2000s, specially in the profound changes that have taken place since then.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131167188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La invención de clases naturales","authors":"Sebastián Toledo","doi":"10.14201/ART2019814060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/ART2019814060","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl articulo comienza senalando las principales deficiencias de las concepciones esencialista y constructivista de las clases naturales y luego expone y defiende la version de Richard Boyd, entre otros, que las define como racimos homeostaticos de propiedades. Esta version introduce una flexibilidad en el concepto de clase natural que permite su aplicacion no solo en la fisica y la quimica, sino tambien en la biologia, las ciencias sociales e incluso en el conocimiento ordinario, y hace que la consideracion de una clase como natural dependa de puntos de vista y de circunstancias espaciotemporales diferentes. Sin embargo, esta version mantiene un enfoque realista de las clase naturales, cuya capacidad inferencial y predictiva resulta de su acomodacion a la estructura causal del mundo. EnglishThis paper begins by pointing out the major weaknesses of the essentialist and constructivist conceptions of natural kinds. Then, it presents and defends the Richard Boyd’s theory, among others authors, that defines natural kinds as homeostatic property clusters. In this theory the concept of natural kind becomes flexible and applicable not only to physics and chemistry, but also to biology, the social sciences and even common knowledge, and the acceptance of a certain kind as natural depends on points of view and spatiotemporal circumstances. However, this theory maintains a realist approach to natural kinds because argues that inferential and predictive capacity of these is a result of their accommodation to causal structure of world.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125597418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Un marco ético-político para la robótica asistencial","authors":"Manuel Aparicio Payá, Mario Toboso Martín, Txetxu Ausín Díez, A. M. Astobiza, R. Ferrer, Daniel López Castro","doi":"10.14201/ART20198197117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/ART20198197117","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn este trabajo consideramos las bases etico-politicas de una nueva concepcion acerca de la vulnerabilidad humana recogida en la Convencion sobre los Derechos de las Personas con discapacidad (CDPD), proponiendo su incorporacion en los desarrollos de la tecnologia emergente robotica.Reflexionamos sobre la nocion de asistencia. En la CDPD se apunta una nueva concepcion basada en el reconocimiento social de la autonomia personal mediante un conjunto de derechos humanos, sustentados en el valor de respeto a la diversidad de funcionamientos humanos. El enfoque de las capacidades (Martha Nussbaum) proporciona un importante apoyo teorico a esta nueva concepcion. Desde esta nueva optica de justicia, centrada en un desarrollo humano inclusivo, argumentamos que el papel de la robotica asistencial debe ser reorientado hacia una robotica inclusiva: aquella que, ademas de contribuir al cuidado, posibilita el apoyo a lo que las personas, en sus diferentes etapas vitales, son capaces de hacer, facilitando su inclusion en diversos entornos sociales (educacion, entorno laboral, etc.). EnglishIn this paper we consider the ethical-political basis of a new conception of human vulnerability in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), proposing its incorporation in the development of emerging robotic technology.We reflect on the notion of assistance. The CRPD suggests a new conception based on the social recognition of personal autonomy through a set of human rights, grounded on the value of respect for the diversity of human functionings. The capability approach (Martha Nussbaum) provides important theoretical support for this new conception. From this new perspective of justice, focused on inclusive human development, we argue that the role of healthcare robotics should be reoriented towards an inclusive robotics: one that, in addition to contributing to care, enables support for what people can do in different life stages, facilitating their inclusion in diverse social environments (education, work environment, etc.).","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121571210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Educación y Ciencia: el Tau del desarrollo y la competitividad territoriales en Colombia","authors":"P. Burbano","doi":"10.14201/ART2019812439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/ART2019812439","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the construction of a database that links territorial development and competitiveness and using multiple regression, which resists adjustments and benefits as an appropriate model to be used in this research, it is intended to answer: how does education and science, articulated to the formation of human talent, on the development and competitiveness of Colombian departmental ?, finding, for example, each percentage point, on average, that increased coverage in secondary in each department the competitiveness improves by 0.016 points percentages; likewise, for each percentage point, on average, the increase in university educational coverage among the population aged 17 to 21 years, competitive inequality is reduced by 0.057 percentage points in the region; and for each percentage point, on average, that is invested to carry out Science, Technology and Innovation Activities in the departments, competitiveness grows by 0.134 percentage points.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126376125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organismos, máquinas y bioartefactos. Problemas y variantes en la perspectiva de G. Simondon","authors":"Diego Parente","doi":"10.14201/ART201981623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/ART201981623","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa intencion fundamental de este trabajo es indagar las diversas modalidades de la analogia organismo / artefacto desde el punto de vista de sus implicaciones para la filosofia de la tecnica, especificamente para iluminar aquello que entendemos como la naturaleza interna de los objetos tecnicos. En este contexto la cuestion directriz es determinar hasta que punto es util la analogia entre organismo y objeto tecnico, y cuando resulta prudente dejarla de lado. Una de las estrategias que usaremos a fin de responder a estas cuestiones es analizar criticamente las intuiciones de Gilbert Simondon, un filosofo frances que a mitad del siglo XX realizo una serie de aportes originales en relacion al modo de existencia de los objetos tecnicos utilizando para dicha tarea una extensa y compleja serie de comparaciones con el mundo de lo viviente. Este articulo procura explorar algunas tensiones al interior del vocabulario simondoniano al tiempo que sugiere una serie de estrategias para evitar sus principales dificultades. EnglishThe main intention of this work is to investigate diverse modalities of the organism / artifact analogy from the point of view of its implications for the philosophy of technology, specifically in order to illuminate what we call the internal nature of technical objects. In this context the guiding question is to determine to what extent this analogy between organism and technical object is useful, and when it is prudent to leave it aside. In order to answer these questions we will critically analyze the intuitions of Gilbert Simondon, a French philosopher who, in the mid-twentieth century, made original contributions regarding the mode of existence of technical objects through an extensive and complex series of comparisons with the world of the living beings. This paper intends to explore some tensions within the Simondon’s vocabulary while it suggests some strategies to avoid his main difficulties.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115434205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Representaciones del espacio tiempo y no localidad","authors":"V. Rodríguez","doi":"10.14201/ART201872145164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/ART201872145164","url":null,"abstract":"A brief panorama of contemporary researches on the concepts of space, space-time and its relations to nonlocality is presented. In this regard, some historical aspects of the concept of space-time and quantum theory are considered under the perspective of possible connections between them. It is argued that, even though it is accepted the important role of each one for the topic, there are numerous gaps between mathematics, physics and philosophy that deserve further attention on this old theme.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129661380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitos y mentiras sobre el realismo científico","authors":"A. Cordero","doi":"10.14201/ART201872933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/ART201872933","url":null,"abstract":"Selective realist projects seek to strengthen scientific realism, but influential reactions (from anti-realist as well as realist camps) regard selectivist achievements as problematic and misguided developments, because -the story goes- those developments disfigure and devalue realism, transforming it into a position that is not worth taking into account. An examination of the charges formulated against selective realism and their respective historical background suggests, however, that the charges in question rest in myths and falsehoods about the character of realist positions; if so, the charges fail.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113959545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}