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ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología最新文献

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¿Veo mi puerto? Reconversión logística y producción de límites cognitivos en el puerto de Valparaíso 我能看到我的港口吗?valparaiso港口的物流转换和认知极限的生产
ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.14201/art2021102202233
Jorge Budrovich
{"title":"¿Veo mi puerto? Reconversión logística y producción de límites cognitivos en el puerto de Valparaíso","authors":"Jorge Budrovich","doi":"10.14201/art2021102202233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/art2021102202233","url":null,"abstract":"La reconversión logística del mundo portuario de Valparaíso – enclave histórico del comercio marítimo del pacífico sur – ha planteado diferendos, brechas y obstáculos de índole social y cultural que repercuten en las proyecciones de la ciudad, de sus habitantes y de los actores del mundo portuario. El presente artículo esboza la categoría de “producción de límites cognitivos” con el propósito de mostrar el conflicto de representaciones que supone este proceso de reestructuración y su relevancia para posibilitar un dialogo productivo entre las diferentes partes interesadas.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"8 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125860989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bajo observación: inteligencia artificial, reconocimiento facial y sesgos 观察：人工智能、面部识别和偏见
ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.14201/art20211022143
Tomás Balmaceda, Tobías Schleider, Karina Pedace
{"title":"Bajo observación: inteligencia artificial, reconocimiento facial y sesgos","authors":"Tomás Balmaceda, Tobías Schleider, Karina Pedace","doi":"10.14201/art20211022143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/art20211022143","url":null,"abstract":"En este trabajo nos concentramos en la tecnología de reconocimiento facial y hacemos hincapié en que en las últimas décadas se instaló en el discurso público la idea de que este tipo de tecnología es “objetiva” y carente de los errores y sesgos humanos, adjudicándole cualquier responsabilidad al “buen o mal uso” que se haga de ella. Frente a esta retórica, argumentamos que a la hora de hablar de artefactos tecnológicos la neutralidad es imposible, aun en la instancia misma del diseño. A tal efecto, a partir de las ideas del pragmatismo norteamericano analizamos un caso real, para mostrar que no es posible sostener una dicotomía entre hechos y valores y que es necesario reconocer que no existe una distinción tajante entre el diseño de la tecnología y el uso que hacemos de ella.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130855465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
La perspectiva esencialista en la concepción de la tecnología 技术概念中的本质主义观点
ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.14201/art20211024570
Nicolás Vilouta Rando, P. Pellegrini
{"title":"La perspectiva esencialista en la concepción de la tecnología","authors":"Nicolás Vilouta Rando, P. Pellegrini","doi":"10.14201/art20211024570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/art20211024570","url":null,"abstract":"El pesimismo tecnológico es una perspectiva que, desde mediados del siglo XX, se popularizó tanto en círculos intelectuales como en la cultura popular, convirtiéndose en una de las maneras más comunes de pensar la tecnología. En el presente trabajo caracterizaremos el estilo de pensamiento esencialista, mostrando de qué manera permea dicha perspectiva de la tecnología, dotando a esta de autonomía y considerándola una fuente intrínseca de consecuencias nefastas, tanto para la sociedad como para la naturaleza. Se hará una reconstrucción histórica de la perspectiva esencialista, caracterizando su formulación en el pensamiento filosófico de Aristóteles. A partir de allí, se indagará en el modo en que la perspectiva esencialista se despliega frente a la tecnología tanto en círculos académicos como en la cultura popular. Sobre el final, se expondrá el caso de los organismos genéticamente modificados (OGM) como un espacio de debate donde podremos ver el estilo de pensamiento esencialista movilizado.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133983910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Galileo to Navier and Clapeyron 从伽利略到纳维，再到克拉珀龙
ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.14201/art2021102520
J. Pons
{"title":"From Galileo to Navier and Clapeyron","authors":"J. Pons","doi":"10.14201/art2021102520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/art2021102520","url":null,"abstract":"Galileo (1564-1642), in his well-known Discorsi (Galileo, 1638), briefly turning his attention to the fracture of a beam, starts an interesting discussion on the beam’s breakage as well as its location. Could the section and breaking point of a beam have been determined beforehand? Furthermore, is it specific to the material? What Galileo did was not merely challenge a physics problem, but the prevailing knowledge of his time: namely, Aristotelianism on one hand, and Nominalism on the other. As a matter of fact, must the breakage of an element be treated as a universal or is it particular to a given material? \u0000The present essay aims to prove how Galileo, confronting the structural problem and bringing it into the realm of science, was not just raising a problem but, using Salviati’s words, he also established what actually takes place. Many years later, with the progress of physics, strength of materials and theory of structures, figures such as Claude Navier (1785-1836) and Benoît Clapeyron (1799-1864) confirmed once again that the Pisan turned out to be right. \u0000This article intends to combine technical fields such as strength of materials and theory of structures with others like the history of science and philosophy proper. A cooperative approach to these disciplines can be doubtlessly helpful to improve the knowledge, learning and teaching of their different curricula, giving the reader a global, holistic perspective. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130258537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
¿Es necesaria la verdad? Una noción pragmática y deflacionaria de comprensión 真理是必要的吗?实用主义和通缩主义的理解概念
ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.14201/art2021102175201
Mariano Martín-Villuendas
{"title":"¿Es necesaria la verdad? Una noción pragmática y deflacionaria de comprensión","authors":"Mariano Martín-Villuendas","doi":"10.14201/art2021102175201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/art2021102175201","url":null,"abstract":"La noción de comprensión ha sido sometida a un intenso análisis dentro de los estudios dedicados a la filosofía de la ciencia. En los últimos años, han surgido dos posturas claramente diferenciadas. Una primera postura, denominada veritismo, ha empleado los conceptos tradicionales de verdad y conocimiento para analizar las características básicas de la misma. La segunda postura ha considerado preciso desligar la verdad de la comprensión reseñando los componentes pragmáticos y contextuales de la misma. El objetivo del artículo será argumentar a favor de esta última postura. Para ello, se evaluará una de las principales alternativas pragmáticas que se han propuesto en los últimos años, la teoría de Henk de Regt. Se mostrará que esta postura afronta tres dificultades fundamentales que es preciso abordar a fin de justificar la postura pragmática. Con tal objetivo, se articulará una noción alternativa e innovadora de comprensión.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"528 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123083224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
De la telaraña a la web: Artefactos cognitivos en animales no-humanos 从网络到网络:非人类动物的认知人工制品
ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.14201/art2019822752
Joan Sebastián Mejía Rendón, Andrés Crelier
{"title":"De la telaraña a la web: Artefactos cognitivos en animales no-humanos","authors":"Joan Sebastián Mejía Rendón, Andrés Crelier","doi":"10.14201/art2019822752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/art2019822752","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the notion of cognitive artifact and its possible application to the animal technic. Although the issue of animal technic is not very much discussed, the case studies focused on the capacity of using and manufacturing tools suggest that some animals deploy cognitive skills. Could the tools employed by animals be considered genuine cases of cognitive artifacts? In this paper we propose a definition of “cognitive artifact” based on the notion of “proper function,” which allows us to develop a gradual scale where we place different kinds of artifacts according to the prevalence of the cognitive function (in opposition to the practical one). Applying this scale to the non-human sphere, we defend the idea that there exists a range of non-human technical phenomena of use and artifacts and tools manufacturing, and that some of this artifacts have an incipient proper cognitive function. In order to defend these theses, we examine the examples of the cobwebs, the nests and the honeycombs.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132451169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hilary Putnam: un alegato a favor de la objetividad 希拉里·帕特南:对客观性的辩护
ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.14201/art201982125137
Laura Balvanera Di Santo
{"title":"Hilary Putnam: un alegato a favor de la objetividad","authors":"Laura Balvanera Di Santo","doi":"10.14201/art201982125137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/art201982125137","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to survey Putnam’s defense of objectivity and normativity in the ethic’s realm. I pretend to show an alternative conception of objectivity which involves a broader aproach to racionality than the scientific. Moreover, this approach acknowledges pluralities of points of view and it´s committed to reflective thinking about our assertions. Then, I will examine the question of objectivity in Putnam’s papers, according to different outlooks: firstly, Putnam’s rejection to the traditional fact-value dichotomy, secondly, the Logical Postivism’ claim and his attitude about values judgments, finally, from the survey of the term objectivity and his relationship with linguistic practices.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125835433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
El a priori relativo. ¿Hacia una noción pragmatista de la ciencia? 相对先验的。走向实用主义的科学概念?
ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.14201/art201982139160
Mariano Sanjuán Salina
{"title":"El a priori relativo. ¿Hacia una noción pragmatista de la ciencia?","authors":"Mariano Sanjuán Salina","doi":"10.14201/art201982139160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/art201982139160","url":null,"abstract":"I put forward a revision of the concept of the relative a priori from Michael Friedman’s proposal. I will begin by exposing those aspects of Carnap and Kuhn that underlie the static and dynamic dimensions of Friedman’s project. It will be argued that, despite its virtues, the lack of pragmatic awareness prevents him from properly characterize theory choice. Hereafter, some criticism will be presented. Lastly, stemming from criticism, some pragmatic readings of the relative a priori will be explored as overcoming the issues addressed.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129109497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nacimiento de los dos primeros bebés modificados genéticamente: Análisis del tratamiento de la noticia en España desde el punto de vista de la comunicación de la ciencia 前两个转基因婴儿的出生:从科学传播的角度分析西班牙对新闻的处理
ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.14201/art2019825371
Javier Gómez-Sellés Gárate
{"title":"Nacimiento de los dos primeros bebés modificados genéticamente: Análisis del tratamiento de la noticia en España desde el punto de vista de la comunicación de la ciencia","authors":"Javier Gómez-Sellés Gárate","doi":"10.14201/art2019825371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/art2019825371","url":null,"abstract":"El final de 2018 nos trajo la noticia del nacimiento de dos gemelas modificadas geneticamente que inundo las portadas de todo el mundo. El objetivo de este trabajo no es abordar el debate etico al respecto, aunque es inevitable entrar levemente en los hechos, sino analizar algunas de las multiples piezas producidas alrededor de este acontecimiento, principalmente en Espana, y estudiarlas para ver como se ha producido el proceso de comunicacion en ciencia.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127796333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Normatividad y deliberación práctica en John Dewey: elementos para una lectura contemporánea 约翰·杜威的规范与实践审议:当代阅读的要素
ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.14201/art201982103124
F. E. López, Livio Mattarollo
{"title":"Normatividad y deliberación práctica en John Dewey: elementos para una lectura contemporánea","authors":"F. E. López, Livio Mattarollo","doi":"10.14201/art201982103124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14201/art201982103124","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to explore John Dewey’s solution of the problem of normativity that has confronted skeptics and dogmatists for centuries. Dewey’s main strategy is to elaborate a hypothesis to explain how the de jure or normative principles have an anchor and a starting point in practical, de facto activity. In order to reconstruct Dewey’s conception of normativity, and taking into account the misinterpretations it has received, we will first analyze the nature of the problem -a problem that, from Dewey’s point of view, is a political one. Second, we will show how our author’s conception of rationality diverges from the dominant conception, which making reference to the still prevalent distinction between the context of discovery and the context of justification, takes justification as its basic component. Third, after emphasizing the centrality of the practical problem-solving process as the core of rationality in Dewey’s thought, we will analyze his conception of practical deliberation, which is thus seen as the origin of all normativity.","PeriodicalId":259984,"journal":{"name":"ArtefaCToS. Revista de estudios sobre la ciencia y la tecnología","volume":"290 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132145198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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