{"title":"A label-free electrochemical immunosensor for bladder tumor marker NMP22 using AuNPs@OMC and Thi@Gr-COOH nanocomposites.","authors":"Nuttakorn Junlapak, Suntisak Khumngern, Natha Nontipichet, Tawatchai Kangkamano, Panote Thavarungkul, Atchara Lomae, Tanan Bejrananda, Apon Numnuam","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A highly sensitive and selective label-free electrochemical immunosensor was developed to detect nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22), a bladder cancer marker, in urine. A screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was modified with carboxylate graphene-supported thionine (Thi@Gr-COOH) as a redox probe, and a unique structure of ordered mesoporous carbon decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs@OMC). The large active site and uniform porosity of OMC facilitated the deposition of AuNPs, significantly increasing the antibody coverage. NMP22 concentration was determined based on changes in the peak current of Thi reduction measured by differential pulse voltammetry before and after the formation of the immunocomplex. In the optimal condition, the proposed immunosensor demonstrated linearity of 1.0 × 10<sup>-7</sup> to 1.0 × 10<sup>-1</sup> ng mL<sup>-1</sup> with detection limit of 2.96 × 10<sup>-8</sup> ng mL<sup>-1</sup>. Furthermore, the proposed sensor demonstrated good reproducibility, stability for over 20 days, reusability up to 5 cycles of binding and regeneration, and good selectivity. The developed electrochemical immunosensor effectively detected NMP22 in human urine samples, achieving good recoveries and results that matched the NMP22™ Bladderchek™ TEST, proving it can be used effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"109074"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioelectrochemistryPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-08-06DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109072
Mohamed Zouari, Ahmet Cetinkaya, Sibel A Ozkan
{"title":"Innovative magnetic bead-based electrochemical platform for rapid and sensitive cocaine detection in biological fluids.","authors":"Mohamed Zouari, Ahmet Cetinkaya, Sibel A Ozkan","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Detecting psychoactive substances in biological samples presents significant challenges in clinical diagnostics, forensic analysis, and public health monitoring. This study introduces a highly sensitive electrochemical biosensing platform for the detection of cocaine, addressing the critical need for rapid, field-deployable testing methods. By integrating functionalized magnetic beads (MBs) with screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs), we developed a competitive immunoassay system that leverages the superior molecular recognition capabilities of antibodies while maintaining operational simplicity. The biosensor operates via a competitive binding mechanism, in which cocaine present in the sample competes with cocaine-bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugates immobilized on MBs for binding sites on horseradish peroxidase-labeled anti-cocaine antibodies (HRP-DAb). Electrochemical detection is achieved through amperometric measurement of enzyme activity using a redox system consisting of hydrogen peroxide/hydroquinone (H₂O₂/HQ). The optimized biosensor demonstrates excellent analytical performance with a linear response range from 0.3 to 300 ng mL<sup>-1</sup> and a detection limit of 0.1 ng mL<sup>-1</sup>. Notably, the biosensor maintains its performance when analyzing cocaine in complex biological matrices, including human saliva and urine, successfully quantifying concentrations with minimal matrix interference. The platform offers significant advantages, including single-use disposable electrodes, rapid analysis time (< 30 min), minimal sample preparation requirements, and the potential for miniaturization into portable devices. These characteristics combined with high selectivity, a simple fabrication process, and cost-effectiveness, position this biosensor as a promising tool for point-of-care testing and field applications in clinical, forensic, and roadside testing scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"109072"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioelectrochemistryPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-08-05DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109073
Tiantian Ji, Yige Li, Mingzhe Jiang, Yingying Cheng, Haoyi Ren, Hongling Li, Chenglin Hong
{"title":"Metal-organic framework-enhanced Electrochemiluminescence of pyrene-based ligands for sensitive CEA detection.","authors":"Tiantian Ji, Yige Li, Mingzhe Jiang, Yingying Cheng, Haoyi Ren, Hongling Li, Chenglin Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The early and sensitive detection of cancer, a malignant disease posing significant threats to human health, is of strategic importance for disease prevention and control. This study employed 1,3,6,8-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)pyrene (H<sub>4</sub>TBAPy), a fluorophore exhibiting aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), to construct a zinc-based metal-organic framework (Zn-TBAPy) serving as an energy donor platform. Polydopamine-coated ZIF-67 (ZIF-67@PDA) was employed as the energy acceptor to construct an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor for sensitive carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) detection. The advantages of ECL immunosensor are primarily manifested in the following three aspects: (1) Zn-TBAPy not only mitigates ACQ caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon π-π stacking but also enhances chromophore loading capacity and specific surface area. Relative to aggregate systems, the Zn-TBAPy exhibits a 2.5-fold enhancement in ECL signal intensity. (2) ZIF-67@PDA exhibits favorable broad-spectrum absorption characteristics and excellent quenching efficiency; as well as demonstrates superior biocompatibility for immunosensor construction. (3) The immunosensor was constructed through an electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) mechanism, yielding markedly improved sensitivity; the developed sensor demonstrated a linear detection range from100 fg·mL<sup>-1</sup> to 80 ng·mL<sup>-1</sup>with LOD) of 0.275 pg·mL<sup>-1</sup>. In conclusion, this study provides a valuable research strategy for the construction of immunosensors based on novel luminophore materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"109073"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144803046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioelectrochemistryPub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109122
Catarina Meliana , Michelle Tien Tien Tan , Hwei-San Loh , Weihua Meng , Cheng Heng Pang , Sze Shin Low
{"title":"Green electrochemical biosensor for food safety monitoring of carcinogenic acrylamide and formaldehyde","authors":"Catarina Meliana , Michelle Tien Tien Tan , Hwei-San Loh , Weihua Meng , Cheng Heng Pang , Sze Shin Low","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food safety monitoring demands practical strategies for detecting chemical hazards such as acrylamide (AA) and formaldehyde (FA), both classified as probable human carcinogens with dietary exposures often exceeding tolerable limits. Conventional methods including GC–MS and HPLC, while sensitive, are costly, labour-intensive, and unsuitable for rapid on-site testing. Here, we report green electrochemical biosensors for AA and FA detection that integrate environmentally friendly graphene with 1-pyrenebutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinamide ester (PyrNHS) on disposable screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). Graphene was synthesized via liquid-phase exfoliation in an ethanol–water system, producing few-layer structures with abundant functional groups for stable bioreceptor attachment. PyrNHS enabled noncovalent anchoring and oriented immobilization of hemoglobin (Hb) for AA and formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH) for FA, overcoming limitations of costly and unstable nanomaterials. The AA biosensor operated through a signal-off mechanism using differential pulse voltammetry, with a detection limit of 4.39 μM over 0–25 μM. The FA biosensor employed a signal-on enzymatic mechanism with chronoamperometry, achieving 0.02 mM detection limit across 0.1–0.6 mM. Both sensors showed high selectivity, reproducibility (RSD <1.3 %), and effective performance in instant coffee, consistent with roasting chemistry and validated by Nash assay. This work demonstrates a sustainable, low-cost, and portable platform for point-of-care (POC) carcinogen monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109122"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioelectrochemistryPub Date : 2025-09-29DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109127
Xuyang Chen , Lingling Fan , Kaipeng Su , Shuwei Wen , Xiaohong Tan , Yuge Liu , Xiaohua Deng , Xiangming Li , Yong Huang , Guiyin Li
{"title":"High-performance electrochemical aptasensor for detection of glypican-3 based on nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide-ferrocene-polyaniline nanocomposites","authors":"Xuyang Chen , Lingling Fan , Kaipeng Su , Shuwei Wen , Xiaohong Tan , Yuge Liu , Xiaohua Deng , Xiangming Li , Yong Huang , Guiyin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a high-mortality malignancy that urgently requires sensitive early-stage biomarkers. Glypican-3 (GPC3), a highly specific protein biomarker for HCC, calls for efficient detection strategies. Herein, we developed a label-free electrochemical aptasensor based on nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide-ferrocene-polyaniline (NRGO-Fc-PANI) nanocomposites and GPC3 aptamer for GPC3 detection. The NRGO-Fc-PANI combined the large high surface area and conductivity of NRGO, high electrical conductivity and stability of PANI, and the good redox properties of Fc, which functed as in situ electrochemical redox signal indicator to monitor the electrochemical changes. Upon target binding, the formation of GPC3-aptamer complex fell off from the electrode, exposing the conductive NRGO-Fc-PANI layer and enhancing the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) response. The aptasensor exhibited a linear detection range of 10.0–100.0 ng·mL<sup>−1</sup> (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.996) and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 2.88 ng·mL<sup>−1</sup>. It demonstrated excellent selectivity toward interfering proteins, retained 70.8 % of its initial signal after 11 days of storage, and attained a recovery range of 97.0–109.5 % in human serum samples. By eliminating the need for enzymatic or fluorescent reporters, the aptasensor reduced reagent costs and operational complexity, presenting a clinically promising tool for the early diagnosis of HCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109127"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioelectrochemistryPub Date : 2025-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109124
Yang Li , Hongzhu Yan , Zhe Zhao, Ping Wang, Feng Tang, Qingyan Chu, Zhao Yang, Shujun Wang, Qing Liu, Yueyun Li
{"title":"Electrochemical immunosensor based on sea urchin-like PdAg and Au NPs/N-C@CNTs for ultrasensitive detection of CEA","authors":"Yang Li , Hongzhu Yan , Zhe Zhao, Ping Wang, Feng Tang, Qingyan Chu, Zhao Yang, Shujun Wang, Qing Liu, Yueyun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a clinically critical tumor biomarker, enables early cancer screening and diagnosis. Here, we describe a sandwich-structured electrochemical immunosensing platform enabling supersensitive CEA quantification, leveraging synergistic signal amplification by sea urchin-like PdAg nanostructures and Au NPs/N-C@CNTs substrates. The urchin-like morphology of PdAg endows the material additional catalytic active sites for hydrogen peroxide reduction, which has remarkable electrochemical performance. Moreover, PdAg with superior biocompatibility can effectively immobilize the secondary antibody. Polydopamine-coated carbon nanotubes are carbonized to yield nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-C@CNTs), which are bound to gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) via stable Au<img>N bonds, thereby facilitating the subsequent binding of primary antibodies to the Au NPs. Optimized assays demonstrated a broad dynamic range (50 fg mL<sup>−1</sup>–100 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>) with low detection limits (1.04 fg mL<sup>−1</sup>, S/N = 3), coupled with exceptional reproducibility, selectivity, and stability. This platform holds significant promise for the screening of early-stage tumor biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109124"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioelectrochemistryPub Date : 2025-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109118
Francis Kwarteng , Jingyu Huang , Prince Atta Opoku
{"title":"Hexagonally structured microbial desalination cell for bio-electrochemically mediated removal of pollutants and improved desalination of hypersaline solution.","authors":"Francis Kwarteng , Jingyu Huang , Prince Atta Opoku","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a new hexagonally structured multi-anode shared cathode microbial desalination cell (MASC-MDC) designed to address the limitations of traditional MDCs in handling hypersaline solutions. The hexagonal shape shortens the intermembrane distance to 2 cm, significantly reducing internal resistance (∼50 Ω) and enhancing bioelectrochemical performance. Compared to a conventional three-chamber MDC, the MASC-MDC achieved better results, including a higher open-circuit voltage (646 vs. 553 mV), faster desalination (95.71 % in five cycles vs. 94.29 % in seven), higher desalination rate (0.27 vs. 0.195 g·L<sup>−1</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>), and greater maximum power density (162.2 vs. 119.2 mW·m<sup>−2</sup>). The system also attained effective pollutant removal with 90.05 % COD reduction. These findings demonstrate that the multi-anode shared cathode design enhances ion transport, bioenergy production, and wastewater treatment simultaneously, offering a scalable, self-powered alternative to energy-intensive desalination methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109118"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioelectrochemistryPub Date : 2025-09-25DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109125
Jie Zhang , Ning Chen , Shujun Wang , Xiaofei Sun , Shuangna Wang , Ping Wang , Yueyun Li , Qing Liu , Jongnam Park , Feng Tang
{"title":"Cascade redox cycling amplification enabled by COF-confined Co3O4 for enhanced immunosensing","authors":"Jie Zhang , Ning Chen , Shujun Wang , Xiaofei Sun , Shuangna Wang , Ping Wang , Yueyun Li , Qing Liu , Jongnam Park , Feng Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, an enzyme-free and highly efficient sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor for cTnI detection was developed using covalent organic framework (COF) confined Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) as the signal probe and enhancing the sensitivity with electrochemical-chemical-chemical (ECC) redox cycle amplification (RCA) strategy. The multifunctional COF, with high surface area and rich nitrogen, serves not only as a substrate material but also as a scaffold for Co<sup>2+</sup> entrapment, enabling the confined growth and uniform distribution of ultrafine Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs as signal amplification platform, thereby providing abundant catalytic active sites for ECC redox cycling reactions. COF confined Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs with variable valence states (Co<sup>3+</sup>/Co<sup>2+</sup>) serve as a redox-active electrode material that can enhance the current signal substantially. The ECC redox cycle is triggered by the redox reaction between Co<sup>3+</sup> at the electrode and electroactive hydroquinone (HQ), while HQ was regenerated by the reducing agent tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP), resulting in a significant amplification of the current signal for cTnI analysis. The constructed immunosensor exhibited excellent performance with a wide linear range from 1 fg mL<sup>−1</sup> to 100 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>, and a low detection limit of 0.88 fg mL<sup>−1</sup>. Furthermore, the immunosensor successfully applied to detected cTnI in human serum, proving its clinical potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109125"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioelectrochemistryPub Date : 2025-09-24DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109123
Axel Rous , James A. Behan , Elie Desmond-Le Quéméner , Nicolas Bernet , Eric Trably , Frédéric Gloaguen , Frédéric Barrière
{"title":"Recent advances and perspectives on N2 fixation by microbial bioelectrochemical systems","authors":"Axel Rous , James A. Behan , Elie Desmond-Le Quéméner , Nicolas Bernet , Eric Trably , Frédéric Gloaguen , Frédéric Barrière","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review covers recent advances in the fixing of dinitrogen in microbial bioelectrochemical systems (BES) where bacteria release or accept electron to/from electrodes for their respiratory metabolism, either directly or indirectly. We discuss how BES may be interesting platforms for producing ammonium or biomass from N<sub>2</sub> fixation. The potential for N<sub>2</sub>-fixation in BES is first discussed with a focus on possible metabolism and different mechanism that may lead to an increase of fixed dinitrogen. We then review recent examples where dinitrogen is fixed at the cathodes of BES, either by pure cultures of hydrogenotrophic and/or diazotrophic bacteria using cathodic H<sub>2</sub> or reduced redox mediators as the electron, or by mixed enriched consortia. A section is then devoted to the special case of nitrogen fixation at anodic microbial electrode where organic matter oxidation also occurs. Finally, a comparison of the reported current performance of nitrogen fixation in BES with other biotic (anerobic digestion) or abiotic (Haber-Bosch process, electrochemical N<sub>2</sub> reduction) is provided together with a perspective on possible optimization and application of this emerging microbial electrochemical and technological process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioelectrochemistryPub Date : 2025-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109119
Hongyu Zhao , Yanhong Ge , Jing Wu , Bo Cao , Yue Yi , Beizhen Xie , Hong Liu
{"title":"Magnetized electrochemically active bacteria-based whole-cell biosensors for real-time sensing of water toxicity","authors":"Hongyu Zhao , Yanhong Ge , Jing Wu , Bo Cao , Yue Yi , Beizhen Xie , Hong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Real-time sensing of water toxicity is essential for environmental health monitoring. However, devising an electrochemically active biofilm-based biosensor for water toxicity assaying usually requires cumbersome culture techniques to immobilize electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) on the electrode, which results in poor timeliness of water quality early-warning. Herein, we developed magnetized electrochemically active bacteria (MEAB)-based whole-cell biosensors (WCBs) for real-time sensing of water toxicity. The results showed that artificial MEAB biofilm could be magnetically constructed in one step within 5 s, which greatly simplified the fabrication process of artificial electrochemically active biofilm. By correlating quantifiable bioelectrical signal with MEAB cell activity, the MEAB-based WCBs enabled detection of Hg<sup>2+</sup>, trichloroacetic acid (TCAA), avermectin (AVM), Cr<sup>6+</sup>, and chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC) in synthetic water samples within 30<!--> <!-->min. The estimated detection limit for Hg<sup>2+</sup>, TCAA, AVM, Cr<sup>6+</sup>, and CTC reached 50.4 ± 1.6, 54.7 ± 1.5, 62.8 ± 2.0, 66.8 ± 1.6, and 73.3 ± 2.2 μg L<sup>−1</sup> with optimal biomass, respectively. As proof-of-concept applications, the MEAB-based WCBs not only achieved accurate detection of 0.1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> toxicants in real water samples but also successfully sensed comprehensive toxicity of agricultural wastewater within 30 min. This study provides a new strategy for real-time sensing of water toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":252,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectrochemistry","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 109119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}