Axel Rous , James A. Behan , Elie Desmond-Le Quéméner , Nicolas Bernet , Eric Trably , Frédéric Gloaguen , Frédéric Barrière
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Recent advances and perspectives on N2 fixation by microbial bioelectrochemical systems
This review covers recent advances in the fixing of dinitrogen in microbial bioelectrochemical systems (BES) where bacteria release or accept electron to/from electrodes for their respiratory metabolism, either directly or indirectly. We discuss how BES may be interesting platforms for producing ammonium or biomass from N2 fixation. The potential for N2-fixation in BES is first discussed with a focus on possible metabolism and different mechanism that may lead to an increase of fixed dinitrogen. We then review recent examples where dinitrogen is fixed at the cathodes of BES, either by pure cultures of hydrogenotrophic and/or diazotrophic bacteria using cathodic H2 or reduced redox mediators as the electron, or by mixed enriched consortia. A section is then devoted to the special case of nitrogen fixation at anodic microbial electrode where organic matter oxidation also occurs. Finally, a comparison of the reported current performance of nitrogen fixation in BES with other biotic (anerobic digestion) or abiotic (Haber-Bosch process, electrochemical N2 reduction) is provided together with a perspective on possible optimization and application of this emerging microbial electrochemical and technological process.
期刊介绍:
An International Journal Devoted to Electrochemical Aspects of Biology and Biological Aspects of Electrochemistry
Bioelectrochemistry is an international journal devoted to electrochemical principles in biology and biological aspects of electrochemistry. It publishes experimental and theoretical papers dealing with the electrochemical aspects of:
• Electrified interfaces (electric double layers, adsorption, electron transfer, protein electrochemistry, basic principles of biosensors, biosensor interfaces and bio-nanosensor design and construction.
• Electric and magnetic field effects (field-dependent processes, field interactions with molecules, intramolecular field effects, sensory systems for electric and magnetic fields, molecular and cellular mechanisms)
• Bioenergetics and signal transduction (energy conversion, photosynthetic and visual membranes)
• Biomembranes and model membranes (thermodynamics and mechanics, membrane transport, electroporation, fusion and insertion)
• Electrochemical applications in medicine and biotechnology (drug delivery and gene transfer to cells and tissues, iontophoresis, skin electroporation, injury and repair).
• Organization and use of arrays in-vitro and in-vivo, including as part of feedback control.
• Electrochemical interrogation of biofilms as generated by microorganisms and tissue reaction associated with medical implants.