World Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Developing a nomogram for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fractures.","authors":"Liang Li, Wei-Wei Sheng, Li-Juan Song, Shuai Cheng, En-Gang Cui, Yong-Bing Zhang, Xue-Zhong Yu, Yan-Li Liu","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.102117","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.102117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative delirium (POD) is a prevalent complication, particularly in elderly patients with hip fractures (HFs). It significantly affects recovery, length of hospital stay, healthcare costs, and long-term outcomes. Existing studies have investigated risk factors for POD, but most are limited by single-factor analyses or small sample sizes. This study systematically determines independent risk factors using large-scale data and machine learning techniques and develops a validated nomogram model to support early prediction and management of POD.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate POD incidence in elderly patients with HF and the independent risk factors, according to which a nomogram prediction model was developed and validated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included elderly patients with HF who were surgically treated in Dongying People's Hospital from April 2018 to April 2022. The endpoint event includes POD. They were categorized into the modeling and validation cohorts in a 7:3 ratio by randomization. Both cohorts were further classified into the delirium and normal (non-delirium) groups according to the presence or absence of the endpoint event. The incidence of POD was calculated, and logistic multivariate analysis was conducted to determine the independent risk factors. The calibration curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test as well as the net benefit threshold probability interval by the decision curve were utilized to statistically validate the accuracy of the nomogram prediction model, developed according to each factor's influence intensity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 532 elderly patients with HF, with an overall POD incidence of 14.85%. The comparison of baseline data with perioperative indicators revealed statistical differences in age (<i>P</i> < 0.001), number of comorbidities (<i>P</i> = 0.042), American Society of Anesthesiologists grading (<i>P</i> = 0.004), preoperative red blood cell (RBC) count (<i>P</i> < 0.001), preoperative albumin (<i>P</i> < 0.001), preoperative hemoglobin (<i>P</i> < 0.001), preoperative platelet count (<i>P</i> < 0.001), intraoperative blood loss (<i>P</i> < 0.001), RBC transfusion of ≥ 2 units (<i>P</i> = 0.001), and postoperative intensive care unit care (<i>P</i> < 0.001) between the delirium and non-delirium groups. The participants were randomized to a training group (<i>n</i> = 372) and a validation group (<i>n</i> = 160). A score-risk nomogram prediction model was developed after screening key POD features using Lasso regression, support vector machine, and the random forest method. The nomogram showed excellent discriminatory capacity with area under the curve of 0.833 [95% confidence interval (CI) interval: 0.774-0.888] in the training group and 0.850 (95%CI: 0.718-0.982) in the validation group. Calibration curves demonstrated good agreement between predicted and actual probabilities, and decision curve a","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"102117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of the microglial voltage-gated proton channel 1 channel ameliorates diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction by regulating axon demyelination.","authors":"Chun-Yu Li, Shu-Jun Zhang, Jia-Lu Xu, Yan Yang, Zhi-Xuan Zeng, De-Lin Ma","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.101178","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.101178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes is associated with increased cognitive decline and dementia due to the loss of myelinated nerve fiber function, which is linked to oligodendrocyte dysfunction. The voltage-gated proton channel 1 (Hv1) is important for the cellular proton extrusion machinery. However, its role in regulating diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction is unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the role of Hv1 in cognitive impairment induced by diabetes and its potential mechanisms, focusing on neuroinflammation, oligodendrocyte apoptosis, and axonal demyelination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A diabetes model was established by administering a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injections in mice. Hv1 knockout (KO) and wild-type mice were used to evaluate cognitive function <i>via</i> behavioral tests and neuroinflammation using immunofluorescence. Oligodendrocyte apoptosis was assessed with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling assay, and axonal demyelination was analyzed using electron microscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hv1 expression was significantly increased in the corpus callosum of diabetic mice. Hv1 KO alleviated cognitive impairment, reduced oligodendrocyte apoptosis, and decreased the expression of inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α, in diabetic mice. Electron microscopy revealed a reduction in myelin thickness and an increased g-ratio in diabetic mice, which were reversed by Hv1 KO.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hv1 plays a role in diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction by modulating neuroinflammation and myelin integrity. Hv1 KO demonstrates therapeutic potential in mitigating diabetes-related cognitive decline and associated complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"101178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mood symptoms, cognitive function, and changes of brain hemodynamics in patients with COVID-19: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.","authors":"Wen-Jin Ma, Ruo-Chao Yuan, Zi-Yu Peng, Qian Wu, Manal Al-Matary, Hui-Shu Yang, Peng Cheng, Guang-Ju Zhao, Chao-Chao Lu, Yue-Xin Zhang, Jia-Kun Hong, Wei-Hui Li","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100112","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may experience emotional issues and cognitive impairment. However, it remains unclear whether the brain mediates the impact of COVID-19 on the emergence of psychopathological symptoms. It remains unclear whether anxiety and depression are caused by stressors or viral infection.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To use functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to detect cortical hemodynamic changes in patients with COVID-19 and their relationship with mental symptoms (mainly depression and anxiety), to investigate whether COVID-19 causes these changes by affecting brain function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 58 subjects, comprising 29 patients with first acute COVID-19 infection and 29 healthy controls without COVID-19 infection and without anxiety or depression were recruited. Then cortical activation during the performance of the verbal fluency test (VFT) and brain connectivity during the resting state (rs) were evaluated by 53-channel fNIRS. For the COVID-19-infected group, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to assess the emotional state before fNIRS measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the rs, compared to the uninfected group, the infected group exhibited lower rs functional connectivity (FC) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), which was correlated with both the PHQ score and GAD score. During the VFT, the infected group exhibited significantly lower cortical activation than the uninfected group in both Broca-left and Broca-right. Besides, the integral value in the DLPFC-L showed a significant negative correlation with the PHQ-9 score during the VFT in the infected group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There were significant differences in the bilateral Broca area and DLPFC between the COVID-19-infected and uninfected groups, which may be the reason why COVID-19 infection impairs cognitive function and language function and leads to psychiatric symptoms. In addition, the rsFC in patients with COVID-19 was positively correlated with the severity of depression and anxiety, which may be related to the fact that the mental symptoms of patients with COVID-19 are characterized by depression and anxiety, rather than depression or anxiety alone. Our study provides evidence that the psychological and emotional issues caused by COVID-19 are not only due to external social factors but also involve more direct brain neural mechanisms and abnormal neural circuits, which also provide insights into the future treatment and prognosis of individuals with COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"100112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmonizing the mind and body: The interrelationship between traditional Chinese medicine body constitution, mental health and sleep quality.","authors":"Juan-Juan Yang, Qian Wang, Wei Jiang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.103033","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.103033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) body constitution is a key factor in determining and influencing the occurrence, development, and variation of diseases. As the mind interact with the body, TCM body constitution is useful in preventing and treating psychiatric disorders and insomnia.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the interrelationship between TCM body constitution, psychiatric disorders and sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2441 participants were enrolled in our study. TCM body constitution was measured using the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire, sleep quality was assessed using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and psychopathological symptoms were evaluated using Symptom Checklist-90. Logistic regression was used to estimate the interrelationship between TCM body constitution, psychiatric disorders and sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score and the proportions of participants with Qi-deficiency constitution, Qi-stagnation constitution, and blood-stasis constitution were significantly higher in the psychiatric symptoms group. Additionally, psychiatric symptoms were considerably associated with sleep quality, Qi-deficiency constitution, and Qi-stagnation constitution, but were inversely associated with male sex. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms were considerably associated with sleep quality, Qi-deficiency constitution and Qi-stagnation constitution. Depression was considerably associated with sleep quality, hyperuricemia, and Qi-stagnation constitution. Anxiety was considerably associated with sleep quality, diabetes, and Qi-stagnation constitution. Finally, poor sleep quality was considerably associated with Qi-deficiency constitution, Qi-stagnation constitution, dampness-heat constitution, phlegm-dampness constitution, and blood-stasis constitution but was inversely associated with male sex and body mass index > 23.9.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TCM body constitutions are strongly associated with psychiatric symptoms and sleep quality. Further research is needed to verify whether TCM body constitution can be used to treat and prevent psychiatric conditions as well as enhance sleep quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"103033"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptance and commitment therapy for enhancing mental health in military personnel: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jun-Qiao Wang, Xin-Zhe Wang, Wen-Xiao Wang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100959","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Military personnel frequently face unique psychological challenges due to high-stress environments, which increase the risk of mental health issues like anxiety and depression. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has shown potential in addressing these issues by enhancing psychological flexibility and resilience.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of ACT in improving the mental health of military personnel. Through a scoping review and meta-analysis, we quantitatively assess the impact of ACT on psychological outcomes, guiding future research and clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant literature was searched systematically from database inception to June 30, 2023, across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase. The Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) scoping review guidelines were used as the methodological framework. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model, and publication bias was assessed through Egger's regression test and Begg's funnel plot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-six studies were included, highlighting the application of ACT in addressing PTSD, chronic pain, anxiety, and depression among military personnel. The meta-analysis of eight studies demonstrated a significant positive effect of ACT on mental health, with a pooled mean difference of -4.99 (95%CI: -6.53 to -3.45). Despite high heterogeneity (<i>I²</i> = 63%), sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the potential of ACT as an effective intervention for improving the mental health of military personnel. Future research should focus on large-scale, multi-center RCTs to further validate these findings, particularly within diverse military populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"100959"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of clinical and psychological characteristics of 225 children with autism spectrum disorder based on the C-PEP-3 scale.","authors":"Qian-Qian Kang, Yu-Feng Gao, Wei Su, Ya-Lan Fan, Heng-Bai Kong","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.101101","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.101101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect children's social interaction and communication skills and exert a serious effect on children's perception, language, emotion, and especially social interaction development.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the clinical and psychological characteristics of children with ASD according to the C-PEP-3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 225 children with autism aged 2-7 years who were treated in our hospital from 2021 to 2024. The C-PEP-3 scale was used for assessment, and the evaluation results were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The comparison of children with ASD in the age groups of < 3.5 years and > 3.5 years revealed significant differences in the scores of imitation, fine motor, gross motor, hand-eye coordination, cognitive performance, and verbal cognition development areas (P: Pass) (<i>P</i> < 0.01). However, no significant differences in the scores of perception, emotion, interpersonal relationships, play, sensation, and language (S: Severe) were observed on pathological scales (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The difference in age in the gross motor developmental delay of the scale was the smallest, whereas that of the verbal cognition was the largest, followed by the imitation functional area. An inverse correlation was found between the scores of imitation, perception, hand-eye coordination, and cognitive performance (P) developmental function areas in children with ASD and those of emotion, interpersonal relationships, game and item preferences, sensory patterns, and emotion (S) in the pathological scale (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Fine and gross motor skills were negatively correlated with interpersonal relationships, game and item preferences, and emotions in the pathological scale (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Age was significantly positively correlated with the scores of imitation, perception, fine motor, gross motor, hand-eye coordination, cognitive performance, and verbal cognition developmental function areas (P) (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Further, age was not associated with emotions, interpersonal relationships, game and item preferences, sensory patterns, and emotions (<i>P</i> > 0.05). No gender difference was observed between the scores of each developmental area (P) of the scale and the scores of each functional area (S) of the pathological scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The C-PEP-3 scale reflects the differences in clinical characteristics of children with autism, and the pathological scale is associated with the severity of developmental function areas. The C-PEP-3 scale can be utilized to assess the effect of age changes on children with autism. Attention in rehabilitation should be focused on addressing the pathological behaviors of children with autism.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"101101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined microscopic and neuroendoscopic treatment effects on psychological and cognitive outcomes in ruptured intracranial aneurysms.","authors":"Li-Ke Shi, Xian-Feng Cai, Jian-Qing He, Yu-Hai Wang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100565","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intracranial aneurysms, characterized by focal arterial wall dilation, pose significant neurosurgical challenges due to their potential for rupture and hemorrhage, leading to severe clinical outcomes, including fatality. Patients often experience profound psychological and social impacts, such as depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment, affecting their quality of life. Rapid progression and high mortality necessitate timely intervention. Advances in neurosurgical techniques, including microscopic surgery and neuroendoscopy, offer distinct advantages. Microscopic surgery provides precision and direct visualization, while neuroendoscopy ensures minimally invasive access and reduced tissue trauma. Integrating these methods optimizes treatment efficacy and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the impact of combined microscopic and neuroendoscopic techniques on psychological, cognitive outcomes, and quality of life in patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study focused on 189 patients with intracranial aneurysm rupture and hemorrhage from January 2020 to May 2024 as the objects of observation and analysis. They were randomly divided into a control group (treated with simple microscope surgery, <i>n</i> = 94) and an observation group (treated with microscope combined with neuroendoscopy, <i>n</i> = 95). The treatment effects of the two groups were observed, mainly including depression and anxiety scale scores, cognitive function assessment results and quality of life assessment data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before treatment, the depression and anxiety scale scores, cognitive function assessment results and quality of life assessment data of the two groups of patients at different time points were compared, and there was no statistically significant difference (<i>P</i> > 0.05). After microscope combined with neuroendoscopy treatment, the study revealed that the observation group surpassed the control group in alleviating depression and anxiety, accelerating cognitive function recovery, and enhancing quality of life, with these differences being statistically significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Surgical treatment combined with microscopy and neuroendoscopy has a significant positive effect on the mental health, cognitive function and overall quality of life of patients with intracranial aneurysm rupture and bleeding, can shorten the operation time and treatment time, and provides a new strategic reference for clinical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"100565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the THINC-integrated tool to compare the characteristics of cognitive dysfunction in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression.","authors":"Na Zhu, Qi Zhang, Jia Huang, Jie Tong, Heng-Fen Gong, Ming-Huan Zhu, Wei Lu, Jie Zhang, Xi-Rong Sun","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.99408","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.99408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar depression (BD-D) are both intricate, enduring, and profound psychiatric conditions characterized primarily by depressive episodes and cognitive dysfunction. However, distinguishing the characteristics and influencing factors of cognitive impairment in unipolar and BD-D is crucial for identification and intervention.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare neurocognitive characteristics and investigate associations between cognitive function and clinical features in unipolar and BD-D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The THINC-integrated tool (THINC-it) as a cognitive assessment tool was applied to 295 individuals: 75 patients with depressive disorders (MDD), 120 individuals with BD-D, and 100 healthy controls. The Hamilton Depression Scale-17 (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale-14 (HAMA), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were employed to assess depression, anxiety, and sleep. Neurocognitive function characteristics and the relationships between cognitive impairment and general clinical attributes were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistically significant differences in the overall THINC-it with each objective subscale. However, the subjective subscale (Perceived Deficits Questionnaire for Depression-5-item) showed significant differences between MDD and BD-D (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Linear regression analyses were explored to determine associations. Age, years of education, age at onset, and HAMD were significantly co-associated with the overall THINC-it and each subscale in both MDD and BD-D (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, years of education showed a positive correlation with objective cognitive impairment (<i>e.g.</i>, Codebreaker, Trails) (<i>P</i> < 0.05). There was a notable difference in that the number of depressive episodes, disease duration, hospitalizations, HAMA, and PSQI were significantly associated with the overall THINC-it with each subscale between MDD and BD-D (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although both unipolar and BD-D showed similar objective cognitive impairments, there was a significant difference in subjective cognitive impairment. Our findings suggest that factors like age, years of education, age at onset, and depression severity might not be significantly difference in the influence of cognitive impairment. Furthermore, we found that education was a protective factor for cognitive impairment in both unipolar and BD-D. Our analysis revealed that distinct factors including disease duration, number of depressive episodes, hospitalizations, anxiety levels, and sleep quality influenced cognitive impairment between unipolar and BD-D. Therefore, it was important to investigate the specific characteristics of cognitive impairment and influencing factors to identify differentiating unipolar and BD-D.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"99408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activation of zona incerta gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic neurons alleviates depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors induced by chronic restraint stress.","authors":"Si-Hai Chen, Bo Lan, Ying-Ying Zhang, Guo-Hui Li, Yu-Long Qian, Ming-Xing Hu, Yin-Lin Tian, Wei-Dong Zang, Jing Cao, Guang-Hai Wang, Yi-Gang Wang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i2.101807","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i2.101807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is a prevalent affective disorder, but its pathophysiology remains unclear. Dysfunction in the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic system may contribute to its onset. Recently, antidepressants (<i>e.g.,</i> brexanolone, zuranolone) targeting the GABA-A receptor were introduced. The zona incerta (ZI), an inhibitory subthalamic region mainly composed of GABAergic neurons, has been implicated in emotional regulation. Deep brain stimulation of the ZI in humans affects anxiety and depression symptoms, while activation of ZI neurons in mice can either worsen or alleviate anxiety. Currently, there is no direct evidence linking GABAergic neurons in the ZI to depression-like behaviors in rodents.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the relationship between GABAergic neurons in the ZI and depression-like behaviors in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A chronic restraint stress (CRS) model was utilized to induce depression in mice. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings assessed the excitability changes of GABAergic neurons in the ZI. Additionally, chemogenetic techniques were employed to modulate ZI GABAergic neurons. The performance of the mice in behavioral tests for depression and anxiety was observed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated that GABAergic neurons in the ZI were closely associated with depression-like behaviors in mice. Twenty-eight days after the CRS model was established, depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors were observed in the mice. The excitability of GABAergic neurons in the ZI was reduced. Chemogenetic activation of these neurons alleviated CRS-induced depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors. Conversely, inhibition of GABAergic neurons in the ZI led to changes in emotion-related behavioral outcomes in mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Activity of GABAergic neurons in the ZI was closely associated with depression-like phenotypes in mice, suggesting that these neurons could be a potential therapeutic target for treating depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 2","pages":"101807"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker for neuropsychiatric complications in acute ischemic stroke.","authors":"Uchenna E Okpete, Haewon Byeon","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i2.102598","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i2.102598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluates the findings of Gu <i>et al</i>, who investigated the role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a biomarker for predicting neuropsychiatric complications in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. The results revealed that elevated serum NGAL levels at admission are associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depressive symptoms at discharge. The study analyzed 150 AIS patients (mean age 65.4 years, 58% male) using the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to assess neuropsychiatric outcomes. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that higher NGAL levels were independent predictors of cognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR) = 1.42], anxiety (OR = 1.28), and depression (OR = 1.39). Notably, NGAL exhibited strong predictive power for cognitive impairment, with an area under the curve of 0.78. Despite these promising findings, NGAL's clinical utility is limited by its non-specificity across various conditions. Nevertheless, NGAL levels could help identify AIS patients at risk for neuropsychiatric complications, enabling timely intervention and comprehensive neuropsychiatric evaluation. The study emphasizes the need for further research to validate NGAL's predictive accuracy and specificity in diverse AIS populations and advocates for its integration with other diagnostic modalities to enhance clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 2","pages":"102598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}