World Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Catatonia in an acute adult inpatient population in mental health units in Khartoum, Sudan: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Maysoon B Idrees, Abla M Elmahdi, Hatim Y Alharbi, Ishag Adam","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.102529","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.102529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Catatonic syndrome is a mental health issue, as well as a medical, neurological, and toxic condition. There are few published data on catatonic syndrome in African countries and none in Sudan, the third-largest African country.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the prevalence and presenting symptoms of catatonic syndrome in an acute psychiatric inpatient population in four governmental psychiatric hospitals in Sudan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in four psychiatric hospitals in the capital, Khartoum, in Sudan. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire tool, which included sociodemographic data (age, sex, educational level, marital status, and residence). Signs and symptoms of catatonic syndrome were assessed using the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria. <i>χ²</i> tests were used to compare categorized variables. Multivariate analysis was not performed because none of the variables were found to be different between patients with and without catatonic syndrome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 384 patients, 50.0% and 49.3% were males and females, respectively, and their median age was 30.0 years. One hundred and sixty-three (42.4%) patients had catatonic syndrome according to the BFCRS criteria. Of these patients, 104 fulfilled the DSM-5 criteria, with a 27.1% prevalence of catatonic syndrome. Echopraxia/echolalia (84.5%), mutism (71.2%), posturing/catalepsy (67.3%), and mannerisms (66.3%) were the main manifestations among patients with catatonic syndrome. There was no significant difference in age, sex, marital status, or job between patients with and those without catatonic syndrome. Of the 163 patients with catatonic syndrome, 31.3% had bipolar disorder, 28.2% had schizophrenia, and 19.6% had major depressive disorder.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Catatonic syndrome is highly prevalent in an acute psychiatric inpatient population in Sudan regardless of age or sex. Echopraxia/echolalia (84.5%) and mutism were the main manifestations among the patients with catatonic syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"102529"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific psychiatry within technical reach.","authors":"Diyana Najar, Drozdstoy Stoyanov","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.101142","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.101142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is an invited commentary on the paper by Zou <i>et al</i>, accepted for publication in <i>World Journal of Psychiatry</i>. It reflects the findings of the authors in the broader context of the search for scientifically sound and evidence based nomothetic system for diagnosis and treatment in psychiatry, with a special focus on the application of translational neuroimaging in that effort.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"101142"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing the diagnosis of major depressive disorder: Integrating neuroimaging and machine learning.","authors":"Shi-Qi Yin, Ying-Huan Li","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.103321","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.103321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Major depressive disorder (MDD), a psychiatric disorder characterized by functional brain deficits, poses considerable diagnostic and treatment challenges, especially in adolescents owing to varying clinical presentations. Biomarkers hold substantial clinical potential in the field of mental health, enabling objective assessments of physiological and pathological states, facilitating early diagnosis, and enhancing clinical decision-making and patient outcomes. Recent breakthroughs combine neuroimaging with machine learning (ML) to distinguish brain activity patterns between MDD patients and healthy controls, paving the way for diagnostic support and personalized treatment. However, the accuracy of the results depends on the selection of neuroimaging features and algorithms. Ensuring privacy protection, ML model accuracy, and fostering trust are essential steps prior to clinical implementation. Future research should prioritize the establishment of comprehensive legal frameworks and regulatory mechanisms for using ML in MDD diagnosis while safeguarding patient privacy and rights. By doing so, we can advance accuracy and personalized care for MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"103321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of hospital-community-home collaborative health management on symptoms, cognition, anxiety, and depression in high-risk individuals for stroke.","authors":"Jing Wang, Chen-Xi Zhao, Jin Tian, Yan-Ru Li, Kai-Fang Ma, Rui Du, Meng-Kun Li, Rui Hu","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.99152","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.99152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective health management for high-risk stroke populations is essential. The hospital-community-home (HCH) collaborative health management (CHM) model leverages resources from hospitals, communities, and families. By integrating patient information across these three domains, it facilitates the delivery of tailored guidance, health risk assessments, and three-in-one health education.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the effects of the HCH-CHM model on stroke risk reduction in high-risk populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 110 high-risk stroke patients screened in the community from January 2019 to January 2023 were enrolled, with 52 patients in the control group receiving routine health education and 58 in the observation group receiving HCH-CHM model interventions based on routine health education. Stroke awareness scores, health behavior levels, medication adherence, blood pressure, serum biochemical markers (systolic/diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and triglyceride), and psychological measures (self-rating anxiety/depression scale) were evaluated and compared between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The observation group showed statistically significant improvements in stroke awareness scores and health behavior levels compared to the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05), with notable enhancements in lifestyle and dietary habits (<i>P</i> < 0.05) and reductions in postintervention systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, self-rating anxiety scale, and self-rating depression scale scores (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The HCH-CHM model had a significant positive effect on high-risk stroke populations, effectively increasing disease awareness, improving health behavior and medication adherence, and appropriately ameliorating blood pressure, serum biochemical marker levels, and negative psychological symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"99152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between weight-to-waist index and post-stroke depression.","authors":"Juan Li, Li-Jun Ma, Xiao-Yuan Ma, Bo Gao","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100909","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The weight-to-waist index (WWI) serves as an innovative metric specifically designed to assess central obesity. However, the relationship between WWI and the prevalence of post-stroke depression (PSD) remains inadequately explored in the literature.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To elucidate the relationship between WWI and PSD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 to 2018 were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression models and propensity score matching were utilized to investigate the association between WWI and PSD, with adjustments for potential confounders. The restricted cubic spline statistical method was applied to explore non-linear associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with elevated WWI values had a significantly greater risk of developing PSD. Specifically, individuals in the higher WWI range exhibited more than twice the likelihood of developing PSD compared to those with lower WWI values (odds ratio = 2.21, 95% confidence interval: 1.84-2.66, <i>P</i> < 0.0001). After propensity score matching, the risk of PSD remained significantly elevated (odds ratio = 1.43, 95%confidence interval: 1.09-1.88, <i>P</i> = 0.01). Tertile analysis revealed that participants in the highest WWI tertile faced a significantly higher risk of PSD compared to those in the lowest tertile. Restricted cubic spline analysis further revealed a non-linear association, with the risk of PSD plateauing at higher WWI values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a significant association between elevated WWI and increased risk of PSD. Thus, regular depression screening should be implemented in stroke patients with elevated WWI to enhance patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"100909"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on the roles and applications of extracellular vesicles in depression.","authors":"Jing Wu, Jian Lu, Ming-Zhi Pan, Xiao-Chu Gu, Lu Dai, Yun Wang, Bin Shen, Xiao-Bin Zhang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.102643","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.102643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression is a prevalent mental disorder that affects numerous individuals, manifesting as persistent anhedonia, sadness, and hopelessness. Despite extensive research, the exact causes and optimal treatment approaches for depression remain unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which carry biological molecules such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites, have emerged as crucial players in both pathological and physiological processes. EVs derived from various sources exert distinct effects on depression. Specifically, EVs released by neurons, astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, immune cells, stem cells, and even bacteria contribute to the pathogenesis of depression. Moreover, there is growing interest in potential of EVs as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for depression. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent research on EVs from different sources, their roles in depression, and their potential clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"102643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating behavioral interventions for Tourette's syndrome: Current status and prospective.","authors":"Xiao-Man Chen, Shuo Zhang, Michael Xu","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.99045","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.99045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the evolving landscape of Tourette's syndrome (TS) treatment, behavioral therapies have emerged as essential to address the comorbid psychological issues, as well as motor and vocal tics. This editorial comments on the study by Wang <i>et al</i>, which showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) combined with habit reversal training significantly improved anxiety and tic severity in children with TS. We highlight the current status and future perspectives of behavioral interventions such as CBT, and comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics, demonstrating their efficacy in alleviating TS symptoms and improving patients' quality of life. Recognizing the multifaceted nature of TS, our discussion integrates empirical evidence from various studies to provide a comprehensive perspective on the role of behavioral therapy in the management of this complex condition. This editorial concludes by emphasizing the need for innovative strategies that may address the limitations of existing treatments and advocates a multidisciplinary approach that combines behavioral, pharmacological, and neurobiological interventions to improve outcomes for patients with TS.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"99045"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narrative nursing as a holistic approach in modern healthcare: Integrating emotional and physical care.","authors":"Güzel Nur Yıldız, Bahar Çiftçi","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.102956","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.102956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Narrative nursing (NN) is emerging as a critical approach in modern healthcare, addressing the complex interplay between psychological well-being and physical recovery. This manuscript discusses a study on NN and its role in alleviating psychological distress in patients with acute pancreatitis, published in the <i>World Journal of Psychiatry</i>. Their research demonstrates that NN, through structured storytelling, significantly reduces anxiety and depression, thereby enhancing patient satisfaction and fostering emotional resilience. This therapeutic approach extends beyond symptom management, offering a comprehensive strategy that supports the mental and emotional recovery of patients facing severe health challenges. NN provides a unique framework for engaging patients in their care journey, promoting a sense of agency, and strengthening the patient-provider relationship. In this manuscript, we explore the broader implications of NN by synthesizing findings from various studies, showing that NN is effective not only in acute settings but also in oncology, chronic illness management, and palliative care. The evidence indicates that integrating NN into standard clinical practice could enhance healthcare outcomes by addressing the holistic needs of patients, supporting psychological resilience, and fostering a compassionate healthcare environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"102956"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of suggestion therapy on mood and sleep quality in middle-aged women with depression.","authors":"Yuan Jiang, Ke-Ke Xia, Zhi-Yuan Lin","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100009","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.100009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is one of the most common mental disorders, with high rates of disability, particularly among women.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the effects of suggestion therapy on anxiety, mood, and sleep-quality in middle-aged women with depression treated with escitalopram.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Overall, 102 female patients with depression aged 35-49 years were divided into control and experimental groups. The control group received oral escitalopram therapy, starting at a dose of 5 mg/day, which was gradually increased to 10-20 mg/day after 1 week for a total of 8 weeks. The experimental group received the suggested therapy based on the control group. The Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Profile of Mood States-Short Form, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to assess depression, anxiety, mood status, and sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before treatment, there were no significant differences in the SDS, SAS, Profile of Mood States, and PSQI scores between the two groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05). After treatment, compared to the control group and baseline, the SDS, SAS, tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, and confusion-bewilderment scores in the experimental group significantly decreased (<i>P</i> < 0.05), whereas sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, hypnotics, and PSQI scores significantly increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Suggestion therapy combined with escitalopram treatment can reduce the severity of depression and anxiety, change mood status, and improve sleep quality in middle-aged women with depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"100009"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation in treating auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Shi-Jia Zou, Jin-Nan Shi","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.99364","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i3.99364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric condition with complex symptomatology, including debilitating auditory hallucinations. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been explored as an adjunctive treatment to alleviate such symptoms.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library on September 19, 2023, for randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia, with no language or time restrictions. We included studies that compared tDCS with a control condition and reported clinically relevant outcomes. Data extraction and quality assessments were performed by independent evaluators using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated, and a random-effects model was applied due to moderate heterogeneity (<i>I</i> ² = 41.3%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies comprising 425 participants (tDCS group: 219, control group: 206) were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in auditory hallucination scores following tDCS treatment (weighted mean difference: -2.18, 95% confidence interval: -4.0 to -0.29, <i>P</i> < 0.01). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results, with no significant influence from individual studies. Additionally, publication bias was not detected, supporting the reliability and generalizability of the findings. These results underscore the efficacy of tDCS as a therapeutic intervention for auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>tDCS significantly reduces auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia, suggesting its potential as an effective adjunctive treatment for managing this disabling symptom. The findings highlight the practical significance of tDCS in clinical settings, particularly for patients with treatment-resistant auditory hallucinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 3","pages":"99364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}