World Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Meta-analysis of the effect of cognitive stimulation therapy on cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Yi-Ting Lu, Xin Zhang, Jun Cheng","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.102542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.102542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is no effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and pharmacological treatment of AD in clinical settings is expensive and prolonged, resulting in a huge psychological and economic burden on the patient's family and caregivers and society as a whole, AD is characterized by progressive, worsening cognitive impairment, and there are currently no drugs that can effectively reverse cognitive impairment. However, it is important to intervene early or delay cognitive impairment so that the condition can be delayed and, ultimately, the burden on patients and families can be reduced through maintenance treatment. It may be that non-pharmacological interventions such as cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) can help with cognitive dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To provide a better treatment plan for AD patients and delay the deterioration of cognitive function, the effect of CST on cognitive function in AD was studied by Meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Comprehensive search the Chinese and English databases were comprehensively searched by computer. Chinese databases: China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wanfang Database, VIP Database, and China Periodicals Full-text Database (CNKI). The collection time limit is from July 21, 2010 to July 21, 2022 randomized controlled trials literature on the effects of CST on cognitive function in patients with AD. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, literature screening, data extraction, and quality evaluation were performed. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95%CI were used as evaluation criteria to evaluate the cognitive function of CST in AD patients. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias detection were performed on the results. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, and funnel plot symmetry was assessed with Eggr's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CST can not improve Mental State Examination Scale (MMSE) scores in AD patients. Meta-analysis of CST on MMSE scores showed that the heterogeneity was <i>P</i> = 0.14, <i>I</i> <sup>2</sup> = 35%. <i>I</i> <sup>2</sup> = 35% < 50%, and the <i>Q</i> test <i>P</i> > 0.1, choose the random effect model to integrate statistics, get SMD = 0.02, 95%CI: -0.37, 0.42, <i>P</i> > 0.05. Meta-analysis of CST on AD Cognitive Functioning Assessment Scale scores showed that the heterogeneity was <i>P</i> = 0.13, <i>I</i> <sup>2</sup> = 36%. <i>I</i> <sup>2</sup> = 36% < 50 choose a fixed effect model to integrate statistics, get SMD = -0.01, 95%CI: -0.40, 0.39, <i>P</i> > 0.05, the difference is not statistically significant. Meta-analysis of CST on the cognitive function indicators of patients showed that the heterogeneity was <i>P</i> = 0.17, <i>I</i> <sup>2</sup> = 31%. <i>I</i> <sup>2</sup> = 31% < 50%, the fixed effect model showed SMD = 0.01, 95%CI: -0.37, 0.38, <i>P</i> > 0.05, the difference was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CST ma","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 4","pages":"102542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mindfulness improves negative psychotic symptoms through reducing emotional and social withdrawal.","authors":"Carmen Borrás-Sansaloni, Marina Ricco-Pérez, Antoni Mayol, Capilla Navarro-Guzmán, José Manuel García-Montes, Emilio Lopez-Navarro","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.103362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.103362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychotic disorders are characterized by both positive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions) and negative symptoms (emotional blunting, anhedonia) that impair daily functioning. While antipsychotic drugs and psychological interventions are effective when addressing positive symptoms, treatment of negative symptoms remains an ongoing challenge. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been shown to reduce negative psychotic symptoms. However, as negative psychotic symptoms are assessed as a sole entity rather than a sum of manifestations, the effect of MBIs remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine the effects of MBI in addition to integrated rehabilitation treatment (IRT) for people experiencing psychosis on each of the negative psychotic symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled clinical trial with preintervention and postintervention measures was designed. The main outcome variable was negative psychotic symptoms assessed through the seven subscales of the Spanish version of the positive and negative syndrome scale. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance and reliable change index calculation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistical differences between groups at the preintervention assessment. Statistically significant differences were found after MBI for the time in emotional withdrawal (<i>F</i> = 37.75, <i>P</i> < 0.001, <i>η</i> ² = 0.437) and social withdrawal (<i>F</i> = 37.75, <i>P</i> < 0.001, <i>η</i> ² = 0.437).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MBI added to IRT reduced the lack of interest and involvement with affective commitment to daily life activities, and interest and engagement in social activities increased. These negative psychotic symptoms were not improved by IRT alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 4","pages":"103362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing autism care through remote support: A family-centered approach.","authors":"Jun-Jie Zhang, En-Na Wang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.102645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.102645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) poses significant challenges for families, with limited access to specialized care being a critical concern. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of remote support, highlighting its potential to enhance family-centered care for children with ASD. In this editorial, we comment on the article by Lu <i>et al</i>, emphasizing the effectiveness of integrating remote support courses with traditional caregiver-mediated interventions. We further explore the benefits of remote support in delivering family-centered care, summarize the essential components of effective family-centered remote support, outline key considerations for implementation, and discuss potential future research directions. We conclude that family-centered remote support has the potential to significantly improve outcomes and quality of life for individuals with ASD and their families.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 4","pages":"102645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association and functional study of <i>ATP6V1D</i> and <i>GPHN</i> gene polymorphisms with depression in Chinese population.","authors":"Peng Liang, Jing-Jie Chen, Xue Yang, Rui Long, Yue Li, Zi-Ling Wang, Ping-Liang Yang, Yun-Dan Liang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.102182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.102182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is a disease with a significant global social burden. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are correlated with the development of depression. This study investigates the relationship between polymorphisms in the <i>GPHN</i> and <i>ATP6V1D</i> gene promoter regions and susceptibility to depression in the Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To provide new insights into identifying SNPs for predicting depression in the Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a case-control study involving 555 individuals with depression and 509 healthy controls. <i>GPHN</i> rs8020095 and <i>ATP6V1D</i> rs3759755, rs10144417, rs2031564, and rs8016024 in the promoter region were genotyped using next-generation sequencing. Dual luciferase reporter genes were employed to assess the transcriptional activity of promoter regions for each SNP genotype, with transcription factors binding to each site predicted using the JASPAR database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to healthy controls, the <i>ATP6V1D</i> promoter rs10144417 AG genotype (<i>P</i> = 0.015), rs3759755 AC/CC genotype (<i>P</i> = 0.036), and <i>GPHN</i> gene rs8020095 GA and AA genotypes (GA: <i>P</i> = 0.028, GG: <i>P</i> = 0.025) were significantly associated with a lower prevalence of depression. Linked disequilibria were present in five SNPs, with the AGATA haplotype frequency in patients significantly lower than in healthy subjects (<i>P</i> = 0.023). Luciferase activity of the rs3759755-A recombinant plasmid was significantly higher than that of the rs3759755-C recombinant plasmid (<i>P</i> = 0.026), and the rs8020095-A recombinant plasmid activity was significantly higher than that of the rs8020095-G recombinant plasmid (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Transcription factors orthodenticle homeobox 2, orthodenticle homeobox 1, forkhead box L1, NK homeobox 3-1, and nuclear factor, interleukin 3 regulated demonstrated binding affinity with rs3759755A > C and rs8020095A > G.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that SNPs (rs3759755 and rs10144417) in the promoter region of the <i>ATP6V1D</i> and SNP (rs8020095) of <i>GPHN</i> are indeed associated with susceptibility to depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 4","pages":"102182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and psychopsychological factors of arrhythmia in the elderly.","authors":"Hong-Wei Zhang, Guo-Dong Chang, Xue-Meng Liu, Hui Gao, Xiu-Dan Xu, Su-Ying Lv","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.100281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.100281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Irregular heart rhythms are a primary manifestation of cardiovascular disease, considerably contributing to global morbidity and mortality rates. Moreover, patients with cardiac arrhythmias often experience a higher prevalence of sleep disorders, anxiety, and depression owing to various factors.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and psychological factors associated with arrhythmia in the elderly and to establish a theoretical foundation for its prevention and treatment in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was performed on 169 elderly patients admitted to the Shangqiu First People's Hospital from December 2022 to December 2023. All subjects underwent 24-hour electrocardiogram monitoring to record heart rate, heart rate variability, and 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiogram data. Additionally, patients' medical records were reviewed to gather information on their general condition, including age, gender, underlying diseases, and other relevant factors. Patients were divided into four groups based on their Hamilton Anxiety (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores: Group A (HAMA scores ≥ 7), Group B (HAMD scores ≥ 7), Group C (both HAMA and HAMD scores ≥ 7), and Group D (HAMA and HAMD scores < 7). Psychological factors such as depression, anxiety, sleep status, and quality of life were analyzed. Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationship between scores from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), HAMA/HAMD scales, and the Short Form 36-item Health Survey (SF-36) with the presence of arrhythmia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 169 patients, 87 (51.5%) had concurrent arrhythmia. Atrial arrhythmias constituted the largest proportion at 34.8% (30 out of 87), followed by sinus tachycardia at 24.1% (21 out of 87), and ventricular arrhythmias at 9.2% (8 out of 87). Factors such as advanced age, coronary heart disease, hypertension, smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke, and residing in rural areas significantly increased the risk of developing arrhythmia. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding PSQI, HAMA-14, HAMD-17, and SF-36 scores. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that PSQI, HAMA-14, and HAMD-17 scores were positively correlated with arrhythmia in the elderly, while the SF-36 score was negatively correlated. The anxiety, depression, and combined anxiety-depression groups exhibited significantly higher PSQI, HAMA-14, and HAMD-17 scores compared to the nonanxiety and non-depression group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Arrhythmia among the elderly is primarily found in individuals with advanced age and existing health conditions. It is also linked to psychological factors such as depression, anxiety, reduced quality of life, and sleep disturbances.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 4","pages":"100281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144038446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional status of elderly hypertensive patients and its relation to the occurrence of cognitive impairment.","authors":"Qiao Xu, Shou-Rong Lu, Zi-Hao Shi, Ying Yang, Jie Yu, Zhuo Wang, Bing-Shan Zhang, Kan Hong","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.103092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.103092","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hypertension is a common chronic disease in the elderly population, and its association with cognitive impairment has been increasingly recognized. Cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment and dementia, can significantly affect the quality of life and independence of elderly individuals. Therefore, identifying risk factors for cognitive impairment in elderly hypertensive patients is crucial for developing effective interventions and improving health outcomes. Nutritional status is one of the potential factors that may influence cognitive function in elderly hypertensive patients. Malnutrition or inadequate nutrition can lead to various health problems, including weakened immune system, increased susceptibility to infections, and impaired physical and mental function. Furthermore, poor nutritional status has been linked to increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia in various populations. In this observational study, we aimed to investigate the nutritional status of elderly hypertensive patients and its relationship to the occurrence of cognitive impairment. By collecting baseline data on general information, body composition, and clinical indicators, we hope to identify risk factors for cognitive impairment in this patient population. The results of this study are expected to provide more scientific basis for the health management of elderly patients with hypertension, particularly in terms of maintaining good nutritional status and reducing the risk of cognitive impairment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To explore the differences between clinical data and cognitive function of elderly hypertensive patients with different nutritional status, analyze the internal relationship between nutritional statuses and cognitive impairment, and build a nomogram model for predicting nutritional status in elderly hypertensive patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study retrospectively analyzed 200 elderly patients admitted to our hospital for a hypertension during the period July 1, 2024 to September 30, 2024 as study subjects, and the 200 patients were divided into a modeling cohort (140 patients) and a validation cohort (60 patients) according to the ratio of 7:3. The modeling cohort were divided into a malnutrition group (26 cases), a malnutrition risk group (42 cases), and a normal nutritional status group (72 cases) according to the patients' Mini-Nutritional Assessment Scale (MNA) scores, and the modeling cohort was divided into a hypertension combined with cognitive impairment group (34 cases) and a hypertension cognitively normal group (106 cases) according to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) scores, and the validation cohort was divided into a hypertension combined with cognitive impairment group (14 cases) and hypertension cognitively normal group (46 cases). The study outcome was the occurrence of cognitive impairment in elderly hypertensive patients. Univariate and m","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 4","pages":"103092"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social and obstetric risk factors of antenatal depression: A cross-sectional study in China.","authors":"Zi-Ping He, Jun-Zhe Cheng, Yan Yu, Yu-Bo Wang, Chen-Kun Wu, Zhi-Xuan Ren, Yi-Lin Peng, Jin-Tao Xiong, Xue-Mei Qin, Zhuo Peng, Wei-Guo Mao, Ming-Fang Chen, Li Zhang, Yu-Meng Ju, Jin Liu, Bang-Shan Liu, Mi Wang, Yan Zhang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.100650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.100650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antenatal depression is a disabling mental disorder among pregnant women and may cause adverse outcomes for both the mother and the offspring. Early identification and intervention of antenatal depression can help to prevent adverse outcomes. However, there have been few population-based studies focusing on the association of social and obstetric risk factors with antenatal depression in China.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the sociodemographic and obstetric factors of antenatal depression and compare the network structure of depressive symptoms across different risk levels based on a large Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shenzhen, China from 2020 to 2024. Antenatal depression was assessed using the Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), with a score of ≥ 13 indicating the presence of probable antenatal depression. The <i>χ</i> ² test and binary logistic regression were used to identify the factors associated with antenatal depression. Network analyses were conducted to investigate the structure of depressive symptoms across groups with different risk levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 44220 pregnant women, the prevalence of probable antenatal depression was 4.4%. An age ≤ 24 years, a lower level of education (≤ 12 years), low or moderate economic status, having a history of mental disorders, being in the first trimester, being a primipara, unplanned pregnancy, and pregnancy without pre-pregnancy screening were found to be associated with antenatal depression (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). Depressive symptom networks across groups with different risk levels revealed robust interconnections between symptoms. EPDS8 (\"sad or miserable\") and EPDS4 (\"anxious or worried\") showed the highest nodal strength across groups with different risk levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggested that the prevalence of antenatal depression was 4.4%. Several social and obstetric factors were identified as risk factors for antenatal depression. EPDS8 (\"sad or miserable\") and EPDS4 (\"anxious or worried\") are pivotal targets for clinical intervention to alleviate the burden of antenatal depression. Early identification of high-risk groups is crucial for the development and implementation of intervention strategies to improve the overall quality of life for pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 4","pages":"100650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing autism care: The role of remote support in parental well-being and child development.","authors":"Haewon Byeon","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.102267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.102267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study by Lu <i>et al</i> explores the integration of remote family psychological support courses (R-FPSC) with traditional caregiver-mediated interventions (CMI) in the context of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Conducted as a single-blinded randomized controlled trial involving 140 parents of children with ASD, the research highlights the crucial role of parental mental health in optimizing therapeutic outcomes. Results indicate that the addition of R-FPSC significantly enhances parental competence and reduces stress more effectively than CMI alone. Despite improvements in parenting stress and competence, no significant differences were noted in anxiety and depression symptoms between the groups, suggesting that while R-FPSC strengthens parenting skills, its impact on mood disorders requires further investigation. The findings advocate for the inclusion of remote psychological support in family interventions as a feasible and cost-effective strategy, broadening access to essential resources and improving both parental and child outcomes. The study emphasizes the need for future research to evaluate the long-term impacts of such interventions and to explore the specific mechanisms through which parental mental health improvements affect child development.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 4","pages":"102267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender identity and its impact on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder manifestations: Challenges in diagnosis and assessment.","authors":"Hao-Lin Song, Jian-Da Kong, Qing-Lu Wang, Cai-Xia Zhou","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.101952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.101952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) turns into a common neuro progressional disorder. Although gender identity has obtained increasing attention in ADHD researches, its role in ADHD presentation and treatment response remains underexplored. Our review seeks to mainly delve into the effect of gender identity on ADHD, exploring the unique needs of individuals with various gender identities in the context of ADHD symptoms, diagnostic assessment, and treatment, with the goal of supplying theoretical support and practical recommendations for future research and clinical practice. The primary content includes, specifically: (1) Symptom expression differences: Gender identity significantly affects ADHD symptoms; male-identified individuals commonly perform worse in task orientation and attention stability, while female-identified individuals may demonstrate more variability in attention control and executive functions; (2) Diagnosis and treatment: Clinical practice generally neglects the impact of gender identity on ADHD management, with personalized needs of gender-identified individuals frequently not adequately addressed, potentially, affecting treatment outcomes; and (3) Future research directions: Future studies should further assess how gender identity affects the specific mechanisms of ADHD, conduct researches in multicultural contexts, and engage in long-term follow-up studies to evaluate the long-term impact of gender identity on ADHD progression. Besides, enhanced funding and public education on the relationship between gender identity and ADHD are needed to advance the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 4","pages":"101952"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise-cognitive dual-task training on elderly patients with cognitive frailty and depression.","authors":"Ying Zhou, Xiao-Ming Miao, Kai-Lian Zhou, Cheng-Ji Yu, Ping Lu, Yin Lu, Juan Zhao","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.103827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.103827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive frailty and depression are prevalent among the elderly, significantly impairing physical and cognitive functions, psychological well-being, and quality of life. Effective interventions are essential to mitigate these adverse effects and enhance overall health outcomes in this population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the effects of exercise-cognitive dual-task training on frailty, cognitive function, psychological status, and quality of life in elderly patients with cognitive frailty and depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 130 patients with cognitive frailty and depression admitted between December 2021 and December 2023. Patients were divided into a control group receiving routine intervention and an observation group undergoing exercise-cognitive dual-task training in addition to routine care. Frailty, cognitive function, balance and gait, psychological status, and quality of life were assessed before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the intervention, the frailty score of the observation group was (5.32 ± 0.69), lower than that of the control group (5.71 ± 0.55). The Montreal cognitive assessment basic scale score in the observation group was (24.06 ± 0.99), higher than the control group (23.43 ± 1.40). The performance oriented mobility assessment score in the observation group was (21.81 ± 1.24), higher than the control group (21.15 ± 1.26). The self-efficacy in the observation group was (28.27 ± 2.66), higher than the control group (30.05 ± 2.66). The anxiety score in the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) for the observation group was (5.86 ± 0.68), lower than the control group (6.21 ± 0.64). The depression score in the HADS for the observation group was (5.67 ± 0.75), lower than the control group (6.27 ± 0.92). Additionally, the scores for each dimension of the 36-item short form survey in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exercise-cognitive dual-task training is beneficial for improving frailty, enhancing cognitive function, and improving psychological status and quality of life in elderly patients with cognitive frailty and depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 4","pages":"103827"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}