World Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Clinical efficacy of Xifeng Huashi and its effect on mental status in patients with diarrheal irritable bowel.","authors":"Wei Wang, Hui Li, Yu-Ping Liu, Yan Chen, Xiao-Ran Zhang, Yan-Zhou Wang, Yao-Zhou Tian","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.113123","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.113123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain accompanied by recurrent diarrhea that significantly impacts the quality of life and mental health of patients.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the clinical efficacy of Xifeng Huashi and its effects on the mental status of patients diagnosed with IBS-D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 128 patients with IBS-D treated at the Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine between June 2023 and May 2024 were divided into control and research groups, with 64 patients in each group. The control group received conventional treatment with Western medicine alone, whereas the research group was prescribed Xifeng Huashi. Differences in specific indices between the two groups were observed and compared using relevant assessment tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The research group showed a higher total effective rate (92.19% <i>vs</i> 76.56%; <i>P</i> = 0.027) and lower traditional Chinese medicine symptom score (5.07 ± 3.11 <i>vs</i> 7.38 ± 3.68; <i>P</i> < 0.001) than the control group. Post-treatment, the research group exhibited significantly lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α: 18.80 ± 4.02 ng/L <i>vs</i> 21.09 ± 4.10 ng/L, <i>P</i> = 0.002; interleukin-6:14.84 ± 4.06 ng/L <i>vs</i> 19.80 ± 4.42 ng/L, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and higher levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (48.53 ± 5.02 ng/L <i>vs</i> 46.06 ± 4.94 ng/L, <i>P</i> = 0.006). Moreover, markers of intestinal mucosal barrier function (diamine oxidase: 6.53 ± 2.35 ng/mL <i>vs</i> 7.66 ± 2.40 ng/mL, <i>P</i> = 0.008; D-lactate: 0.18 ± 0.04 mmol/L <i>vs</i> 0.20 ± 0.06 mmol/L, <i>P</i> = 0.004; lipopolysaccharides: 44.77 ± 8.16 pg/mL <i>vs</i> 48.20 ± 8.15 pg/mL, <i>P</i> = 0.019) were significantly improved in the research group. In addition, Self-rating Anxiety Scale (37.33 ± 5.73 <i>vs</i> 39.59 ± 6.36; <i>P</i> = 0.036) and Self-rating Depression Scale scores (34.77 ± 6.71 <i>vs</i> 38.06 ± 6.52; <i>P</i> = 0.006) were lower in the research group. The recurrence rate was significantly lower in the research group than in the control group (18.64% <i>vs</i> 40.82%, <i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Xifeng Huashi is effective for the treatment of IBS-D and manifests advantages in improving clinical symptoms and mental status, as well as reducing the short-term relapse rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 2","pages":"113123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of frontal lobe electroencephalogram asymmetry and cognitive prognosis in schizophrenia.","authors":"Shuang Sang, Fei Wang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.111799","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.111799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Schizophrenia is a debilitating psychiatric disorder marked by cognitive impairments that affect functional outcomes. However, the neurobiological underpinnings of these deficits, particularly in relation to frontal lobe electroencephalography (EEG) asymmetry, remain insufficiently understood. This study aims to examine the association between frontal lobe EEG asymmetry and cognitive prognosis in individuals with schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the association between frontal lobe EEG asymmetry and cognitive prognosis in patients with schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed data from 104 patients with schizophrenia who received treatment between 2020 and 2023. The patients were divided into good (<i>n</i> = 52) and poor (<i>n</i> = 52) cognitive prognosis groups based on post-treatment scores on the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery. Frontal EEG asymmetry was assessed under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions, and frontoparietal network (FPN) connectivity was evaluated using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Statistical correlations between EEG asymmetry, FPN connectivity, and cognitive outcomes were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Notable differences in EEG asymmetry were observed under eyes-open conditions. Patients in the good cognitive prognosis group demonstrated mean eyes-open frontal alpha asymmetry values of -0.09 at F4-F3 and -0.155 at F6-F5, whereas those in the poor prognosis group showed values of -0.10 and -0.183, respectively. These differences were significantly correlated with cognitive outcomes (<i>P</i> = 0.0482 and <i>P</i> = 0.0111, respectively). Furthermore, left and right FPN connectivity were negatively correlated with poor cognitive prognosis (<i>P</i> = 0.015 and <i>P</i> = 0.008, respectively). However, no significant difference in laterality index was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that eyes-open frontal EEG asymmetry and FPN connectivity are associated with cognitive prognosis in individuals with schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 2","pages":"111799"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential impacts of job-related <i>vs</i> leisure-related physical activity on depressive and cognitive function among middle-aged and elderly adults.","authors":"Qian-Ru Zhao, Li Xie, Bing Li, Xiang-Ya Zhao, Sheng-Nan Yang, Yi Yang, Ling Dong, Qian Wang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.112235","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.112235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While several studies have explored the relationship among physical activity (PA), depressive symptoms, and cognitive health, the distinct effects of PA performed for occupational <i>vs</i> recreational purposes remain underexplored.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the differential impacts of job-related <i>vs</i> leisure-related physical activities on depressive symptoms and cognitive function among adults aged 45 years and older in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were extracted from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, encompassing 16476 participants. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and cognitive function was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination. PA was categorized by purpose (job-related <i>vs</i> leisure-related) and intensity (vigorous, moderate, and low), with frequency and duration measured in metabolic equivalent hours per day. An external validation using an independent clinical sample (<i>n</i> = 200) was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vigorous-intensity PA for job demands (JVPA) was significantly associated with increased depressive symptoms [<i>P</i> = 0.011, odds ratio (OR) = 1.003], indicating that high-intensity job-related activities may exacerbate mental health issues. Moderate-intensity PA for entertainment or exercise (EMPA) was inversely associated with depressive symptoms (<i>P</i> = 0.030, OR = 0.999), suggesting that moderate-intensity leisure activities can reduce depressive symptoms. For cognitive function, the total PA for job demands was correlated with cognitive decline (<i>P</i> = 0.004, OR = 1.008), with the frequency of JVPA showing a positive association. However, EMPA was linked to reduced cognitive decline (<i>P</i> = 0.018, OR = 0.998). Clinical validation results were consistent with those obtained from the database, further supporting the reliability of the findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>JVPA exacerbates depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment, whereas EMPA mitigates depression and supports cognitive health. Targeted interventions promoting leisure-related PA may enhance mental and cognitive well-being in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 2","pages":"112235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L-shaped association between fasting blood glucose and comorbid anxiety in Chinese patients with first-episode untreated major depressive disorder.","authors":"Lian Yuan, Jun-Jun Liu, Zhe Li, Ying-Zhao Zhu, Wei Ren, Yao-Zhi Liu, Xue-Li Zhao, Xiang-Dong Du, Xiang-Yang Zhang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.113063","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.113063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently presents with comorbid anxiety, complicating treatment outcomes. While glucose metabolism dysfunction has been linked to both depression and anxiety, the specific relationship between fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and comorbid anxiety in MDD remains inadequately characterized.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the relationship between FBG and comorbid anxiety in individuals with first-episode untreated MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 1718 participants with first-episode untreated MDD. Demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters, including FBG, were collected. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, respectively. Potential non-linear relationships were examined using smoothing curves and two-piecewise logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The betweengroup comparison indicated that patients comorbid with anxiety have significantly higher FBG levels than those without comorbid anxiety (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Smoothing curve analysis identified a non-linear (L-shaped) association, with a threshold of 4.8 mmol/L. Below this threshold, FBG was inversely associated with comorbid anxiety (OR = 0.20, 95%CI: 0.06-0.67, <i>P</i> = 0.009), whereas no significant association was observed above this threshold (OR = 1.22, 95%CI: 0.91-1.63, <i>P</i> = 0.188).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest an L-shaped non-linear association: Lower FBG correlates with elevated comorbid anxiety risk in Chinese Han first-episode untreated MDD patients, particularly when FBG is below 4.8 mmol/L.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 2","pages":"113063"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146119794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive intervention based on Positive Emotion-Engagement Relationship-Meaning-Achievement theory in patients with depression and insomnia: Application value.","authors":"Shu-Ying Li, Ping Rao","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.110880","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.110880","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Depression and insomnia are highly prevalent mental disorders with a significant comorbidity rate, each exacerbating the severity and course of the other in a bidirectional relationship. Current clinical interventions, including pharmacotherapy and traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy, primarily focus on alleviating negative symptoms and correcting misconceptions. However, these approaches often neglect the crucial aspect of cultivating patients' positive psychological resources. The Positive Emotion-Engagement Relationship-Meaning-Achievement (PERMA) framework offers a novel perspective by encouraging individuals to focus on positive aspects of life, thereby fostering personal growth and helping them maximize their inner potential. While its application shows promise in various fields, research on the efficacy of cognitive interventions based on the PERMA model specifically for patients with comorbid depression and insomnia remains insufficient, necessitating further exploration.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To explore the effect of PERMA theory-based cognitive intervention on depressive mood, sleep quality and quality of life in patients with depression complicated with insomnia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 106 patients with depression combined with insomnia who received treatment in Ganzhou People's Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected for the study. According to the blind selection method, 106 patients were evenly divided into the control group and the observation group. The control group received conventional cognitive intervention, and the observation group was based on the PERMA theory. After 2 months of continuous intervention in both groups, the following were assessed: depression severity (17-item Hamilton Depression Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), cognitive function (Neuropsychological Status Rating Scale), social functioning (Chinese version of Personal and Social Functioning Scale), and quality of life (World Health Organization Abbreviated Quality of Life Scale) before and after the intervention.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Following the intervention, the observation group demonstrated significantly reduced scores on both the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (9.41 ± 2.80) and Self-rating Depression Scale (44.25 ± 2.71) compared with the control group (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). All domain scores and the total score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were markedly lower after treatment in the observation group than in the control group (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). After intervention, the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status scores in the observation group (160.21 ± 15.17) were significantly higher than those in the control group (145.69 ± 12.58) (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). After intervention, the observation group had a significantly higher total score on the Chinese version of the Personal and Social ","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 2","pages":"110880"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and functions of the gut microbiome in monozygotic twins with autism spectrum disorders of varying severity.","authors":"Yi-Yang Huang, Chun-Yan Li, Yun Li, Hui Fang, Xiao-Yan Ke","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.111012","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.111012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by pronounced behavioral heterogeneity and individual variability. Growing evidence indicates a strong association between gut microbiota and ASD; however, differences in microbial functions across varying levels of ASD severity remain poorly understood. Monozygotic twins (MZs) provide an appropriate model for examining the influence of nonshared environmental factors in ASD.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the effects of the gut microbiome in MZs with ASD using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were recruited from the Chinese MZs with autism spectrum disorder (MZCo-ASD) cohort and stratified into mild MZCo-ASD and severe MZCo-ASD (MZCo-ASD-H) groups based on their Childhood Autism Rating Scale scores. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although overall microbial diversity did not differ significantly between the groups, gut microbiota composition was notably altered. At the genus level, <i>Por</i> <i>phyromonas</i> was significantly enriched in the MZCo-ASD-H group. Clusters of Orthologous Groups analysis revealed decreased expression of key genes in the MZCo-ASD-H group, including fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, membrane-bound lytic murein transglycosylase, PasI (part of the RatAB toxin-antitoxin system), HmoA, and a glycoside hydrolase family 25 domain-containing protein. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Orthology analysis showed that <i>msmF</i> (K10118) and <i>msmG</i> (K10119), involved in oligosaccharide transport, were significantly downregulated in the MZCo-ASD-H group, suggesting a reduced microbial capacity for prebiotic carbohydrate utilization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite similar overall diversity, children with severe ASD exhibited distinct gut microbiota structures and functional impairments. The enrichment of <i>Porphyromonas</i>, along with the reduced expression of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and stress responses in the high-severity group, suggests an association between gut microbial dysregulation and ASD severity. These findings provide new insights into microbiota-related mechanisms underlying ASD and highlight potential functional targets for intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 2","pages":"111012"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of anxiety/depression status with stress-related markers and cancer-related fatigue in patients with colon cancer.","authors":"Ling Zhao, Bin Jian, Duan-Hong Chen","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.111196","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.111196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anxiety and depression are significant contributors to adverse outcomes in patients with colon cancer (CC). Therefore, investigating the key determinants of this psychological distress in such patients is essential.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine the correlation of anxiety/depression status with stress-related markers and cancer-related fatigue (CRF), along with associated risk factors in patients with CC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study enrolled 120 patients with CC treated at the Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between February 2022 and February 2025. Initially, patients' anxiety [Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS)] and depression [Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS)] status were assessed first and then stratified into the anxiety/depression group (<i>n</i> = 62, SAS ≥ 50 or SDS ≥ 53) and control group (<i>n</i> = 58). Comparative assessments were conducted for stress-related markers [heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and C-reactive protein (CRP)] and CRF [Brief Fatigue Inventory-Chinese version (BFI-C)] at three measurement time points: Preoperative (T0), postoperative day 3 (T1), and postoperative day 7 (T2). Correlations between anxiety/depression status and HSP70, CRP, and BFI-C in patients with CC were analyzed using Pearson's method, whereas univariate and multivariate regression identified independent predictors of anxiety or depressive symptoms in such patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed prevalence rates of 30.00% for anxiety and 38.33% for depression among the 120 patients with CC, of whom 51.67% exhibited either condition, and 16.67% showed comorbidity. Both groups showed an initial increase in HSP70, CRP, and BFI-C followed by a decrease compared with those at T0, with the anxiety/depression group exhibiting markedly higher levels of HSP70, CRP, and BFI-C at T1 and T2. Subsequent correlation analysis revealed strong positive correlations between SAS and SDS scores and HSP70, CRP, and BFI-C concentrations. Univariate analysis identified sex, age, marital status, monthly household income, tumor stage, and comorbidities as factors closely associated with anxiety or depression. Multivariate analysis further established female sex [odds ratio (OR) = 2.755], age ≥ 60 years (OR = 2.649), and advanced tumor stage (III-IV, OR = 2.349) as independent predictors of anxiety or depression in patients with CC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A subset of patients with CC exhibits anxiety and depressive symptoms, which are significantly positively correlated with stress-related markers and CRF. Moreover, patients with CC, female patients, those aged 60 years or older, and patients diagnosed with stage III-IV tumors are more prone to anxiety or depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 2","pages":"111196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of motor anxiety on rehabilitation in elderly stroke patients: A retrospective study.","authors":"Yu-Bo Yang, Lu-Ping Tang, Chong-Yang Yu, Chao-Lang Fu, Jia-Ping Yang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.111050","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.111050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to analyse the relationship between motor anxiety and rehabilitation outcomes in elderly stroke patients during the rehabilitation period, and to identify the key factors affecting motor anxiety.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the impact of motor anxiety on rehabilitation outcomes in elderly stroke patients and to identify independent risk factors contributing to motor anxiety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on stroke patients who underwent rehabilitation at our hospital from March 2021 to January 2024. Patients were divided into an exercise anxiety group [Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) ≥ 50, <i>n</i> = 139] and a non-exercise anxiety group (SAS < 50, <i>n</i> = 67) based on their SAS scores after rehabilitation training. Compare baseline data across the two patient groups and examine differences in the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale (SEE), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Correlations between the scores of the analysis functions were analysed. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for motor anxiety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mRS score (<i>P</i> < 0.001), TSK score (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and SDS score (<i>P</i> < 0.001) of patients in the exercise anxiety group were significantly higher than those of patients in the non-exercise anxiety group. In comparison, the SEE score (<i>P</i> < 0.001) was substantially lower than that of the non-exercise anxiety group. SAS was positively correlated with mRS (<i>P</i> = 0.015) and TSK (<i>P</i> < 0.01), and negatively correlated with SEE (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that SEE score [<i>P</i> = 0.028, odds ratio (OR) = 8.94], TSK score (<i>P</i> = 0.027, OR = 8.7), SDS score (<i>P</i> = 0.012, OR = 9.727), educational level (<i>P</i> = 0.034, OR = 11.462), and monthly per capita income (<i>P</i> = 0.028, OR = 8.95) were independent risk factors affecting patients' motor anxiety. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the model's area under the curve for predicting patients' motor anxiety was 0.887, and the externally validated model's area under the curve was 0.646.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified a significant negative relationship between motor anxiety and rehabilitation outcomes in elderly stroke patients during the rehabilitation period. The SEE, TSK, and SDS scores, along with lower educational levels and monthly per capita income, are independent risk factors for motor anxiety in elderly stroke patients during this period.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 2","pages":"111050"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Further insights into the efficacy and moderators of transcranial alternating current stimulation for working memory.","authors":"Haewon Byeon","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.114457","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.114457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This letter offers a critical appraisal of the systematic review and meta-analysis by Hou <i>et al</i>, which examined the effect of theta-band transcranial alternating current stimulation (theta-tACS) on working memory in healthy adults. The authors initially reported a moderate, statistically significant enhancement of working memory performance (Hedges' g = 0.405), although this effect became non-significant following adjustment for publication bias. This commentary highlights key strengths of the meta-analysis, including its targeted focus on a frequency band theoretically relevant to working memory, comprehensive moderator analyses, and task-specific subgroup comparisons (N-back <i>vs</i> delayed match-to-sample). At the same time, it emphasizes the substantial impact of publication bias, the considerable heterogeneity among included studies, and the unexpected finding that fixed-frequency stimulation protocols outperformed individualized approaches. While uncertainty remains regarding the overall efficacy of theta-tACS, the observed task-specific improvements in N-back performance and the identification of critical stimulation parameters (such as frequency, duration, and stimulation timing relative to task performance) offer valuable direction for protocol refinement. Taken together, this meta-analysis provides an important and cautionary synthesis that reinforces the need for pre-registered, methodologically rigorous studies to establish the cognitive and potential clinical benefits of theta-tACS with greater confidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 2","pages":"114457"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aberrant topology of the default mode network is associated with phosphatidylcholine and triglyceride levels in major depressive disorder.","authors":"Yu-Hang Ma, Xin-Yu Wang, Wen-Liang Wang, Jing Zhang, Xiao-Hong Liu, Du-Xing Li, Zhen-He Zhou, Li-Min Chen, Hong-Liang Zhou","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.113513","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.113513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The default mode network (DMN) is associated with lipid metabolism. Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit concurrent abnormal topological properties of the DMN and dysregulated lipid metabolism. However, there are no studies investigating the mechanisms underlying the associations between these two variables in patients with MDD.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the association between abnormal topological properties of the DMN and dysregulated lipid metabolism in patients with MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>There were 147 participants, including 71 patients with MDD and 76 healthy controls. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) was used to assess depression severity. Graph theoretical analysis was employed to compare group differences in the topological properties of the DMN across the following bilateral regions: the superior medial frontal gyrus, superior orbital frontal gyrus, posterior cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, supramarginal gyrus (SMG), angular gyrus, precuneus, and middle temporal gyrus. Lipidomic techniques were employed to obtain lipid profiles, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis was performed to compare group differences in lipid profiles. Partial correlation analysis was performed between the abnormal topological properties of the DMN, HAMD-17 scores, and differential lipids.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Abnormal topological properties were observed in the MDD group in the following DMN regions: The right superior medial frontal gyrus (SFGmed.R), right posterior cingulate gyrus, left SMG, right SMG, and left angular gyrus. The betweenness centrality, degree centrality, and efficiency of the SFGmed.R were positively correlated with HAMD-17 scores, whereas the shortest path was negatively correlated with HAMD-17 scores. The betweenness centrality of the left SMG was positively correlated with HAMD-17 scores. The betweenness centrality of the SFGmed.R was positively correlated with phosphatidylcholine O-34:3 and triglyceride O-8:0_18:3_18:5 levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SFGmed.R is a crucial node within the DMN in MDD patients, and the betweenness centrality of the SFGmed.R is associated with phosphatidylcholine and triglyceride levels. These results may offer novel clues for exploring the pathophysiology and biomarker identification of MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 2","pages":"113513"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}