Zebrafish最新文献

{"title":"The Effects of Plant Protein-Enriched Live Food on Larval Zebrafish Growth and the Status of Its Digestive Tract Development.","authors":"Connor W Schwepe, Michal Wojno, Giovanni S Molinari, Karolina Kwasek","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0005","DOIUrl":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Live food is necessary for the proper development of zebrafish larvae, providing nutrition in a form that is easily digestible and available to the larvae. Live food is commonly enriched to increase the dietary content of certain nutrients. However, little research has been done on protein-based enrichments, especially those of plant origin. This study sought to examine how different quality protein enrichments affected the composition of live food as well as growth and digestive tract development of larval zebrafish, <i>Danio rerio</i>. Larval zebrafish were fed from 3 to 22 days posthatch (dph) with one of six live food (rotifers <i>Brachionus plicatilis</i> and <i>Artemia</i> spp.) treatments: (1) live food with no enrichment (starved; control); (2) live food enriched with commercially used Spirulina spp. algae; (3) live food enriched with soybean meal (SBM); (4) live feed enriched with soy protein concentrate (SPC); (5) live feed enriched with a fishmeal hydrolysate; and (6) live feed enriched with intact fishmeal (FM). Proximate composition of live food was significantly affected by enrichment, in particular, protein content of rotifers was significantly increased by enrichment with SBM. Zebrafish fed SBM-enriched live food showed longer total body length than all other groups, except SPC. Zebrafish in the SBM group also showed increased gene expression of chymotrypsin in the intestine, possibly indicating improved intestinal development and extracellular digestion, which likely contributed to improved growth. Conversely, zebrafish fed hydrolysate-enriched live food showed reduced gene expression of alkaline phosphatase, possibly indicating a less developed intestinal tract, correlating with reduced growth compared to SBM group. Overall, plant protein was shown to be a promising source of live food enrichment for improving larval zebrafish growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"19 6","pages":"229-240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10626845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Simple Method for Inducing Masculinization of Zebrafish Stocks Using 17α-Methyltestosterone.","authors":"Jennifer L Matthews, Joy Murphy, Andrzej Nasiadka, Zoltan M Varga","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0029","DOIUrl":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severely skewed sex ratios in zebrafish stocks can pose significant hurdles for line propagation and sperm cryopreservation. To overcome female-biased sex ratios in stocks derived from imported sperm samples, the Zebrafish International Resource Center has implemented routine supplementation of larval food with 17α-methyltestosterone to skew gonadal sex differentiation toward masculinization. Resulting stocks averaged 80% males.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"19 6","pages":"241-244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9810344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10032360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Zebrafish Phenotype Pattern Recognition: 6 Years Ago, and Now.","authors":"Mark Schutera,&nbsp;Luca Rettenberger,&nbsp;Markus Reischl","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2022.0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article assesses the developments in automated phenotype pattern recognition: Potential spikes in classification performance, even when facing the common small-scale biomedical data set, and as a reader, you will find out about changes in the development effort and complexity for researchers and practitioners. After reading, you will be aware of the benefits and unreasonable effectiveness and ease of use of an automated end-to-end deep learning pipeline for classification tasks of biomedical perception systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"19 6","pages":"213-217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10568989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Various Standard Fish Diets on Growth and Fecundity of Platyfish (<i>Xiphophorus maculatus</i>) and Medaka (<i>Oryzias latipes</i>).","authors":"Crystal Russo,&nbsp;Merritt Drewery,&nbsp;Carolyn T Chang,&nbsp;Markita Savage,&nbsp;Lindsey Sanchez,&nbsp;Zoltan Varga,&nbsp;Michael L Kent,&nbsp;Ronald Walter,&nbsp;Yuan Lu","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0004","DOIUrl":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several small freshwater fish species are utilized as models for human conditions and disease in biomedical research. Research animal diets are generally tailored to optimize growth, fecundity, and produce healthy research animals. However, a lack of reference diets presents a barrier in comparative studies between aquatic animal models and even among laboratories using the same species. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine feeding regime and dietary effects on growth and fecundity in two commonly used freshwater fish, platyfish and medaka. From 1 through 6 months of age, platyfish and medaka were fed one of three feeding regime/diets: (1) our custom feeding regime consists of commercial flake food, beef liver paste, and live brine shrimp (CON); (2) a commercially available zebrafish diet, Gemma (GEM); and (3) a laboratory defined reference feeding regime (WAT). Weight, size, brood numbers, and survival rates for both species were measured monthly. Numbers of platyfish fry and hatch rate of medaka embryos were also determined. We observed that custom feeding regime (CON) fed platyfish and medaka grew larger, exhibited a higher survival rate, and had higher fecundity than WAT or GEM fed fish. These observations suggest that diets and regimes designed for zebrafish are not optimal to maintain platyfish or medaka. Thus, base diets, with clearly defined components and regimes, need to be developed with compositions that can be adjusted in a species-specific manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"19 5","pages":"181-189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9595639/pdf/zeb.2022.0004.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10390829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Media Conductivity and a Combination of Iodine and Sodium Hypochlorite Surface Disinfection on Zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) Embryo Viability and Morphology.","authors":"Gerardo Mendoza,&nbsp;Adedeji A Afolalu,&nbsp;Kvin Lertpiriyapong,&nbsp;Neil S Lipman,&nbsp;Christine Lieggi","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0028","DOIUrl":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Embryo surface disinfection in either an iodine or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution is commonly performed on imported zebrafish embryos to decrease pathogen introduction into a facility. The impact of the consecutive use of these disinfectants and the conductivity of the culture media on embryo survival and development post-disinfection have not been evaluated. Iodine (12.5-25 ppm) is effective at eliminating several <i>Mycobacterium</i> species, whereas NaOCl (50-100 ppm) reduces the number of viable <i>Pseudoloma neurophilia</i> spores. <i>Casper</i> and T5D (tropical 5D wild type) embryos reared in media of differing conductivities (0-10, 100-200, 750-950, and 1500-2000 μS) with and without exposure to NaOCl 100 ppm at 6 h post-fertilization were evaluated for survival, hatching success, and morphological defects at 5 days post-fertilization. Additionally, the consecutive use of iodine (12.5 ppm for 2 min) followed by NaOCl (75 or 100 ppm for 10 min), as well as the inverse, was evaluated. Embryo survival was not impacted by embryo rearing media alone; however, survival significantly decreased when embryos were disinfected with 100 ppm NaOCl in media with a conductivity >750-950 μS. Iodine (12 ppm) and NaOCl (75 ppm) used sequentially resulted in >50% survival, whereas the use of 100 ppm NaOCl resulted in high levels of embryo mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"19 5","pages":"190-199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9595623/pdf/zeb.2022.0028.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10517908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Need for a Framework Addressing the Temporal Aspects of Fish Sperm Motility Leading to Community-Level Standardization.","authors":"Harvey Blackburn,&nbsp;Leticia Torres,&nbsp;Yue Liu,&nbsp;Terrence R Tiersch","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2022.0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Motility is a widely available parameter that can be used to assess sperm quality of aquatic species. Sperm from fishes with external fertilization usually undergo a dynamic and short-lived period of motility after activation. The common practice of assigning a single value at an arbitrary peak of motility presents challenges for reproducibility, community-level standardization, and comparisons across studies. This study aimed to explore statistical approaches to standardize motility reporting, and to develop an initial framework for community-level standards. Sperm samples from 14 zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) with a total of 21,705 cells were analyzed by use of computer-assisted sperm analysis with data collection starting at 10 s after activation at 5-s intervals for 50 s. Four common motility variables were selected for analyses: curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, beat cross frequency, and amplitude of lateral head displacement. Cluster analysis was used to evaluate sperm subpopulations within and among males over time, least-square means was used to explore temporal aspects, and the first derivative of the regression equations was used to calculate the rate of change for the motility parameters. Cluster analysis proved informative, but overlapping ephemeral clusters were not valuable for providing standardization options. Analysis of temporal aspects and rate of change indicated opportunities for standardization by reporting the overall motility-time functions or reporting during stable time windows instead of peak motility or at random times. These approaches could minimize the inconsistencies caused by male-to-male variation and dynamic changes of subpopulations while providing comparable information. An overall temporal framework was identified for motility reporting along the collection-processing-cryopreservation-thawing sequence to provide a basis to support efforts of community-level standardization.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"19 4","pages":"119-130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9419943/pdf/zeb.2022.0006.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10290576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple and High-Throughput Rheotaxis Behavioral Assay for Zebrafish Larva.","authors":"M. Tantry, V. S. Harini, Kirankumar Santhakumar","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2021.0087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2021.0087","url":null,"abstract":"Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is used as a model for studying sensorineural hearing loss. The damage to the hair cells can be assessed by scoring rheotaxis behavior in zebrafish. In this study, we newly designed a rheotaxis behavioral assay protocol capable of quantifying rheotaxis behavior in zebrafish larvae. We chemically induced ototoxicity in the larvae using copper sulfate, a well-known ototoxin, and determined rheotaxis at different flow velocities. The simple, cost-effective, and high-throughput rheotaxis assay system can provide great insights into drug development and other behavioral studies.","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43595079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Transcription Factor Binding Sites by Cleavage Under Target and Release Using Nuclease in Zebrafish","authors":"Radwa A. Barakat, C. Campbell, Raquel Espín-Palazón","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2021.0082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2021.0082","url":null,"abstract":"Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN) has emerged as a chromatin profiling strategy that excels traditional methods. Although CUT&RUN has been widely utilized in mammalian cells, its use in the zebrafish is at its early stages. In this study, we have developed a protocol to successfully perform CUT&RUN to map transcription factor (TF) binding sites in embryonic, adult tissues, and FACS-sorted zebrafish cells. We also provide a detailed workflow for the identification of predicted TF binding sites that can be utilized in any animal species. Altogether, our strategy will expand this invaluable tool to the zebrafish community, improving the epigenetic resolution that can be achieved in this model organism.","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"19 1","pages":"104 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47974717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dopamine Level Affects Social Interaction and Color Preference Possibly Through Intestinal Microbiota in Zebrafish.","authors":"Ju Wang, Feng Zheng, Lifen Yin, Shengnan Shi, Bing Hu, Hao Qu, Lei Zheng","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2021.0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2021.0077","url":null,"abstract":"Accumulating researches suggest that the microbiota reside in the gastrointestinal system can influence neurodevelopment of brain and programming of behaviors. However, the mechanism underlining the relationship between shoals' behaviors and intestinal microbiota remain controversial and the roles of responsible neurotransmitters are still unclear. Here we show that shoaling behavior affected the color preference of shoals, indicating that shoals tended to choose a favorable color environment that benefited social contact. Meanwhile, administration of the selective D1-R antagonist, SCH23390, could disrupt the social interaction that led to the deficits of color preference in shoals. More importantly, the altered microbiota caused by an antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC) exposure decreased the sociability and weakened shoals' preference for all color combinations. When given a supplementation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG after OTC exposure, fish maintained the same capability of social cohesion and color preference as normal fish. Our results support a role for dopamine in shaping the color preference in shoals. Our findings show that dopamine level of brain could mediate both social recognition and color preference, and offer a possibility that the production of dopamine is coordinated through gut microbiota.","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"19 3 1","pages":"81-93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47343979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Transgenic Line for Rapid and Complete Neutrophil Ablation.","authors":"Christopher J Hall,&nbsp;Jonathan W Astin,&nbsp;Jeff S Mumm,&nbsp;David F Ackerley","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2022.0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zebrafish lines expressing nitroreductase (NTR) in specific cell compartments, which sensitizes those cells to metronidazole (MTZ)-mediated ablation, have proven extremely useful for studying tissue regeneration and investigating cell function. In contrast to many cells, neutrophils are comparatively resistant to the NTR/MTZ targeted ablation strategy. Recently, a rationally engineered variant of NTR (NTR 2.0) has been described that exhibits greatly improved MTZ-mediated ablation efficacy in zebrafish. We show that a transgenic line with neutrophil-restricted expression of NTR 2.0 demonstrates complete neutrophil ablation, with an MTZ dose 100-fold less than current treatment regimens, and with treatment durations as short as 5 h.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"19 3","pages":"109-113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9246267/pdf/zeb.2022.0020.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9556890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}