ZebrafishPub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2023.0001
Robert A Kozol, Anders Yuiska, Ji Heon Han, Bernadeth Tolentino, Arthur Lopatto, Peter Lewis, Alexandra Paz, Alex C Keene, Johanna E Kowalko, Erik R Duboué
{"title":"Novel Husbandry Practices Result in Rapid Rates of Growth and Sexual Maturation Without Impacting Adult Behavior in the Blind Mexican Cavefish.","authors":"Robert A Kozol, Anders Yuiska, Ji Heon Han, Bernadeth Tolentino, Arthur Lopatto, Peter Lewis, Alexandra Paz, Alex C Keene, Johanna E Kowalko, Erik R Duboué","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2023.0001","DOIUrl":"10.1089/zeb.2023.0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal model systems are dependent on the standardization of husbandry protocols that maximize growth and reduce generation time. The Mexican tetra, <i>Astyanax mexicanus</i>, exists as eyed surface and blind cave dwelling populations. The opportunity for comparative approaches between independently evolved populations has led to the rapid growth of <i>A. mexicanus</i> as a model for evolution and biomedical research. However, a slow and inconsistent growth rate remains a major limitation to the expanded application of <i>A. mexicanus</i>. Fortunately, this temporal limitation can be addressed through husbandry changes that accelerate growth rates while maintaining optimal health outcomes. Here, we describe a husbandry protocol that produces rapid growth rates through changes in diet, feeding frequency, growth sorting and progressive changes in tank size. This protocol produced robust growth rates and decreased the age of sexual maturity in comparison to our previous protocol. To determine whether changes in feeding impacted behavior, we tested fish in exploration and schooling assays. We found no difference in behavior between the two groups, suggesting that increased feeding and rapid growth will not impact the natural variation in behavioral traits. Taken together, this standardized husbandry protocol will accelerate the development of <i>A. mexicanus</i> as a genetic model.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"20 2","pages":"86-94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10123811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10038004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zebrafish <i>sox2</i> Is Required for the Swim Bladder Inflation by Controlling the Swim-Up Behavior.","authors":"Shasha Cao, Zhangji Dong, Xiaohua Dong, Wenshuang Jia, Fuyou Zhou, Qingshun Zhao","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2022.0043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The swim bladder functions to maintain the fish balance at a certain position under water. Although the motoneuron-dependent swim-up behavior is important for swim bladder inflation, the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. We generated a <i>sox2</i> KO zebrafish using TALEN and found that the posterior chamber of the swim bladder was uninflated. The tail flick and the swim-up behavior were absent in the mutant zebrafish embryos and the behavior could not be accomplished. As the tail flick behavior is absent, the mutant larvae therefore cannot reach the water surface to gulp air, ultimately leading to the uninflation of the swim bladder. To understand the mechanism underlying the swim-up defects, we crossed the <i>sox2</i> null allele in the background of Tg(huc:eGFP) and Tg(hb9:GFP). The deficiency of <i>sox2</i> in zebrafish resulted in abnormal motoneuron axons in the regions of trunk, tail, and swim bladder. To identify the downstream target gene of <i>sox2</i> to control the motor neuron development, we performed RNA sequencing on the transcriber of mutant embryos versus wild type embryos and found that the axon guidance pathway was abnormal in the mutant embryos. RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression of <i>sema3bl</i>, <i>ntn1b</i>, and <i>robo2</i> were decreased in the mutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"20 1","pages":"10-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bb/88/zeb.2022.0043.PMC9968866.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9423413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZebrafishPub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2022.0030
Carlos Eduardo Vasconcelos Dos Santos, Bruno Rafael Ribeiro de Almeida, Flávia Dos Santos Tavares, Luan Felipe da Silva Frade, Adauto Lima Cardoso, André Luiz Alves de Sá, Cleusa Yoshiko Nagamachi, Leandro Melo de Sousa, Julio Cesar Pieczarka, Renata Coelho Rodrigues Noronha
{"title":"Chromosomal Mapping of the Histone Multigene Family and U2 snRNA in <i>Hypancistrus</i> Species (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Brazilian Amazon.","authors":"Carlos Eduardo Vasconcelos Dos Santos, Bruno Rafael Ribeiro de Almeida, Flávia Dos Santos Tavares, Luan Felipe da Silva Frade, Adauto Lima Cardoso, André Luiz Alves de Sá, Cleusa Yoshiko Nagamachi, Leandro Melo de Sousa, Julio Cesar Pieczarka, Renata Coelho Rodrigues Noronha","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2022.0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Loricariidae (Siluriformes) comprises ∼1026 species of neotropical fish, being considered the most diverse among the Siluriformes. Studies on repetitive DNA sequences have provided important data on the evolution of the genomes of members of this family, especially of the Hypostominae subfamily. In this study, the chromosomal mapping of the histone multigene family and U2 snRNA was performed in two species belonging to the <i>Hypancistrus</i> genus, <i>Hypancistrus</i> sp. \"pão\" (2n = 52, 22m + 18sm +12st) and <i>Hypancistrus zebra</i> (2n = 52, 16m + 20sm +16st). The presence of dispersed signals of histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 in the karyotype of both species, with each sequence displaying a varied level of accumulation and dispersion of these sequences between them was observed; in addition, U2 snDNA probe only showed positive results in <i>H. zebra</i>, which present this multigene in the terminal region of three chromosomal pairs. The obtained results resemble data already analyzed in the literature, in which the action of transposable elements interfere in the organization of these multigene families, in addition to other evolutionary processes that shape the evolution of the genome, such as circular or ectopic recombination. This study also shows that the dispersion of the multigene histone family is quite complex, and from this, these data serve as a point of discussion for the evolutionary processes that occur in the <i>Hypancistrus</i> karyotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"20 1","pages":"28-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9423410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZebrafishPub Date : 2023-02-01Epub Date: 2023-01-25DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2022.0052
João Paulo Morais-Silva, Bárbara Scorsim, Geovana Gonçalves, Augusto Frota, Weferson Júnio da Graça, Alessandra Valéria de Oliveira
{"title":"Molecular Markers Reveal a New and Possibly Threatened Species of <i>Cnesterodon</i> (Poeciliidae, Cnesterodontini) from the Upper Paraná River Basin, Brazil.","authors":"João Paulo Morais-Silva, Bárbara Scorsim, Geovana Gonçalves, Augusto Frota, Weferson Júnio da Graça, Alessandra Valéria de Oliveira","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0052","DOIUrl":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cnesterodon</i> comprises 10 valid species occurring in the major river basins of South America. Recent ichthyofaunistic studies in the Ivaí River basin, upper Paraná River system, suggested the existence of a possible new species, which was identified as <i>Cnesterodon</i> sp. based on morphological characters. Currently, the use of molecular tools has proved to be fundamental in aiding phylogenetics and cataloging biodiversity; therefore, in this study, we molecularly characterize a possible new species of <i>Cnesterodon</i> from the Ivaí River basin encoding the mitochondrial genes Cytochrome c Oxidase, subunit I (<i>COI</i>), and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (<i>ND2</i>). The genetic differences found showed that this species really differs from the other <i>Cnesterodon</i> species, indicating that it is a distinct species, which is possibly already in serious danger of extinction since its habitat often suffers from human exploitation and its distribution is restricted to only two sites in the upper Ivaí River basin, but it has disappeared in one of them.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"20 1","pages":"37-45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9968864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10864985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZebrafishPub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2022.0033
Hemen Ved, Gaurav Doshi, Nirav Bhatia, Pravin Kale
{"title":"Metoclopramide as a Potential Antipsychotic Against Long-Term Methionine Exposure in Zebrafish.","authors":"Hemen Ved, Gaurav Doshi, Nirav Bhatia, Pravin Kale","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2022.0033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methionine (MET) contributes to brain function and is required for proper functioning of the central nervous system. However, exceptionally high levels of MET and its metabolites in plasma have been found to be toxic and can lead to cell alterations. Long-term exposure to MET has been shown to mimic psychotic symptoms in schizophrenic patients and rodents. The present study evaluated behavioral and neurochemical effects of long-term exposure to MET in zebrafish. Five groups of zebrafish were exposed to MET at a concentration of 4.5 mM for 7 days, along with acute exposure to 25 μM of clozapine and 750, 1000, and 1250 μM of metoclopramide. In contrast, the normal group was exposed to only water and dimethyl sulfoxide. After the treatment, social interaction, anxiety, memory, and locomotion of zebrafish and serotonin levels in zebrafish brains were evaluated. Our results showed that metoclopramide was not only beneficial in improving MET-induced cognitive impairment but it also prevented social withdrawal in zebrafish exposed to MET. In addition, metoclopramide reversed anxiety-like behavior, as indicated by significant changes in locomotion activity. Despite slight changes in serotonin levels in the zebrafish brain, an <i>in vitro</i> serotonin assay failed to demonstrate significant differences between the disease control, normal, and two treatment groups. Finally, results from the study showed that repeated administration of MET induced schizophrenia-like symptoms, although metoclopramide ameliorated the MET-mediated negative symptoms and cognitive deficits in zebrafish. Overall, our findings suggest a new perspective to further explore the antipsychotic properties of metoclopramide.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"20 1","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9447912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZebrafishPub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2022.0042
Caroline Caetano da Silva, Agnes Ostertag, Ratish Raman, Marc Muller, Martine Cohen-Solal, Corinne Collet
{"title":"<i>wnt11f2</i> Zebrafish, an Animal Model for Development and New Insights in Bone Formation.","authors":"Caroline Caetano da Silva, Agnes Ostertag, Ratish Raman, Marc Muller, Martine Cohen-Solal, Corinne Collet","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2022.0042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wnt signaling is a key regulator of osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in humans and animals, mediated by the canonical Wnt/β-catenin and noncanonical signaling pathways. Both pathways are crucial in regulating osteoblastogenesis and bone formation. The zebrafish silberblick (<i>slb</i>) carries a mutation in <i>wnt11f2</i>, a gene that contributes to embryonic morphogenesis; however, its role in bone morphology is unknown. <i>wnt11f2</i> was originally known as <i>wnt11</i>; it was recently reclassified to avoid confusion in comparative genetics and disease modeling. The goal of this review is to summarize the characterization of the <i>wnt11f2</i> zebrafish mutant and to deliver some new insights concerning its role in skeletal development. In addition to the previously described defects in early development in this mutant as well as craniofacial dysmorphia, we show an increase in tissue mineral density in the heterozygous mutant that points to a possible role of <i>wnt11f2</i> in high bone mass phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9968865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9423411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZebrafishPub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2022.0036
Benjamin Tsang, Robert T Gerlai
{"title":"Common Aquarium Plants as an Enrichment Strategy in Zebrafish Facilities.","authors":"Benjamin Tsang, Robert T Gerlai","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2022.0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An increasing number of laboratories utilize zebrafish as this species is now represented in practically every subfield of biology research. Environmental enrichment has been shown to improve welfare and health of a large number of species of animals studied in laboratories, kept in zoos, or used in agriculture. However, most laboratories keep zebrafish in barren tanks. Artificial and live aquatic plants have been used in a variety of contexts for aquarium fish, and they have also been suggested as a potential enrichment strategy for the zebrafish. However, no systematic studies have been conducted to investigate their beneficial effects in zebrafish husbandry and biology research. In this study, we review some of the potential benefits of using live plants, and argue that systematic analyses for proper choice and use of live plants in zebrafish husbandry are sorely needed. We provide a few examples of aquatic plant species out of the large variety produced for the aquarium hobby that could be adopted to the zebrafish laboratory setting as environmental enrichment. We speculate that once systematic analyses have been conducted, they will show benefits of this ethologically/ecologically relevant enrichment method, one of which will be healthier and less stressed fish leading to increased reproducibility of results in zebrafish research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"19 6","pages":"218-223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10576446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ZebrafishPub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2022.0016
Jinpeng Li, Juan Du, Aiping Deng, Ziyang Chen, Yusong Guo, Zhongduo Wang
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Central Corneal Thickness in Four Fish Models.","authors":"Jinpeng Li, Juan Du, Aiping Deng, Ziyang Chen, Yusong Guo, Zhongduo Wang","doi":"10.1089/zeb.2022.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2022.0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To understand the left-right asymmetry of vertebrate eyes, this study measured the central corneal thickness (CCT) of <i>Oryzias curvinotus</i>, <i>Oryzias melastigma</i>, <i>Oryzias latipes</i>, and zebrafish with optical coherence tomography. The results showed that the CCTs were significant differences among different species and groups, even between the right and left eyes of each fish. The values of the CCTs (mean ± SD, μm) for the four species were 104.71 ± 14.49, 61.88 ± 8.63, 64.76 ± 10.36 and 56.96 ± 10.48, respectively. Moreover, comparing the two wild groups of <i>O. curvinotus</i> from Sanya on N18° and Gaoqiao on N21°, the CCT value for the low-latitude group was 104.71 ± 14.49 μm, greater than the high latitude group 76.13 ± 5.70 μm significantly (<i>t</i>-test, <i>p</i> = 0.0001). Lastly, the paired Student's <i>t</i>-test revealed that significant CCT differences existed between the left and right eye for all four species and groups, of which zebrafish and <i>O. melastigma</i> were belonging to the left thicker type in contrast to the others. This study laid a foundation for understanding the causes of the difference in CCT, and also provided possible fish models for human researches on keratomileusis, glaucoma, and other corneal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23872,"journal":{"name":"Zebrafish","volume":"19 6","pages":"224-228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9123335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}