World journal of clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging for cutaneous melanoma staging: A scientific review.","authors":"Anna Russo, Luca Marinelli, Vittorio Patanè, Marina Alessandrella, Maria Cristina Pezzella, Teresa Troiani, Gabriella Brancaccio, Camila Scharf, Giuseppe Argenziano, Salvatore Cappabianca, Alfonso Reginelli","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.109206","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.109206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with high metastatic potential. Accurate staging is critical to guide therapeutic strategies and improve prognosis. Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI), particularly when combined with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), has emerged as promising tool for comprehensive, radiation-free assessment of metastatic spread.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To systematically review the diagnostic performance and clinical utility of WB-MRI in the staging and restaging of cutaneous melanoma, with comparison to conventional imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science databases for studies published in the last 10 years. Inclusion criteria focused on comparative diagnostic accuracy studies of WB-MRI <i>vs</i> CT and PET/CT for melanoma staging. The methodological quality of the studies was appraised using the QUADAS-2 tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen studies involving over 700 patients met the inclusion criteria. WB-MRI showed high sensitivity (73%-90%) and specificity (up to 98%) in detecting metastases, particularly in bone, liver and soft tissue. DWI enhanced lesion detection, and WB-MRI often influenced clinical management decisions. However, CT outperformed WB-MRI in identifying small pulmonary nodules. AI-assisted analysis and contrast-enhanced sequences further improved diagnostic confidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WB-MRI represents a robust imaging modality for staging cutaneous melanoma, offering superior soft-tissue contrast and functional imaging without ionizing radiation. Its strengths lie in detecting bone, liver and brain metastases. Challenges include limited lung lesion detection, cost, and availability. Advances in artificial intelligence, Hybrid PET/MRY systems, and radiomics are poised to expand WB-MRI's role in personalized melanoma management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 8","pages":"109206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic role of Ki-67 in colorectal carcinoma: Development and evaluation of machine learning prediction models.","authors":"Da-Tong Zeng, Ming-Jie Li, Rui Lin, Wei-Jian Huang, Shi-De Li, Wan-Ying Huang, Bin Li, Qi Li, Gang Chen, Jia-Shu Jiang","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.107306","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.107306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ki-67 is a routine test item in clinical pathology departments. However, its prognostic value requires further investigation, especially in the context of research using machine learning (ML), which remains relatively underdeveloped.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the prognostic value of Ki-67 in cases of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and explore the potential application of ML algorithms to predict the Ki-67 index.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Case data and pathological sections from two centers were systematically collected. To analyze the prognostic value of the Ki-67 index in CRC, multiple cutoff values were established. Meanwhile, by virtue of the histological features presented in the hematoxylin and eosin-stained CRC images, three mainstream ML algorithms, support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were employed to construct prediction models. Subsequently, the potential of these algorithms to classify and predict the Ki-67 index was explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Non-parametric tests revealed that Ki-67 ≥ 40% correlated with a high histological grade (<i>P</i> = 0.017), deficient mismatch repair protein status associated with ≥ 50%-90% cutoffs (all <i>P</i> ≤ 0.028), and ≥ 80% linked to lymph node metastasis (<i>P</i> = 0.006). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that Ki-67 ≥ 50% predicted higher survival (log-rank <i>P</i> = 0.0299, hazard ratio = 2.142), with no differences for other cutoffs. COX regression identified the Ki-67 positive rate as a significant predictor (<i>P</i> = 0.027, hazard ratio = 2.583), while other variables had no association. In algorithmic model predictions, the SVM, RF, and XGBoost models achieved training area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.851, 0.948, and 0.872, respectively, with corresponding test set AUC values of 0.795, 0.755, and 0.750, respectively. During external validation, their AUC values for predicting Ki-67 status reached 0.757, 0.749, and 0.783, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In algorithmic model predictions, the SVM, RF, and XGBoost models achieved training AUC values of 0.851, 0.948, and 0.872, respectively, with corresponding test set AUC values of 0.795, 0.755, and 0.750, respectively. During external validation, their AUC values for predicting Ki-67 status reached 0.757, 0.749, and 0.783, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 8","pages":"107306"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucinous cystic neoplasms of the liver: Literature review and case series.","authors":"Ottavia Cicerone, Giorgia Basilico, Claudio Tassi, Caterina Antoniacomi, Federica Lucev, Salvatore Corallo, Alessandro Vanoli, Marcello Maestri","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.108557","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.108557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mucinous cystic neoplasms of the liver (MCN-L) are rare cystic lesions characterized by mucin-producing epithelium and ovarian-like stroma. Although they constitute fewer than 5% of hepatic cystic lesions, MCN-L poses significant diagnostic challenges due to overlapping features with other cystic lesions and their potential for malignant transformation. Early recognition and definitive surgical intervention are therefore critical to ensure optimal patient outcomes. A literature review was conducted to summarize epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, and management strategies for MCN-L. Additionally, from 2019 to 2025, 9 patients with MCN-L were identified at our center. Clinical data and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. MCN-L predominantly affects middle-aged women and presents as large, multiloculated cystic lesions without biliary communication. The revised 2010 World Health Organization classification emphasizes the presence of ovarian-like stroma for definitive diagnosis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging are often suggestive but not pathognomonic, reinforcing the need for histopathological confirmation. MCN-L remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its resemblance to other cystic liver lesions. Complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice to prevent recurrence and malignant transformation, reinforcing the importance of early intervention. Further research is needed to improve diagnostic accuracy and refine management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 8","pages":"108557"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent progress in the use of periplocin, periplocymarin and periplogenin in cancer treatment.","authors":"Xin Sun, Xiao-Wei Shi, Lei Han, Yi-Fan Zhang, Yang Xu, Yu-Cheng Lu","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.107490","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.107490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periplocin, periplocymarin and periplogenin are the main active components of <i>Cortex Periplocae</i>. The most cytotoxic constituent of <i>Cortex Periplocae</i>, periplocin is an alpha cardiac glycoside with a steroid core and an unsaturated five-membered lactone ring structure. Periplocymarin is a secondary alpha cardiac glycoside, which is produced by removing one molecule of glucose from periplocin, and periplogenin is the glycosidic portion and the basic unit of periplocin and periplocymarin. These three cardiac glycosides, by virtue of their unique pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action, mediate signaling pathways, mainly the retinoblastoma and p53 signaling pathways, and regulate cell cycle proteins, thereby hindering the proliferation of cancer cells and altering the cell cycle process. These glycosides also regulate caspase proteins by mediating endogenous and exogenous pathways, thereby inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells. This minireview focuses on the inhibitory effects of periplocin, periplocymarin and periplogenin on cancer, and explores their potential antitumor mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 8","pages":"107490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Clinicohistopathological implications of phosphoserine 9 glycogen synthase kinase-3β/ β-catenin in urinary bladder cancer patients\".","authors":"Niharika Maurya, Rinni Singh, Apul Goel, Atin Singhai, Uday Pratap Singh, Vinita Agrawal, Minal Garg","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.107778","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.107778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 166 in vol. 10, PMID: 31114749.].</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 8","pages":"107778"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal microbiota in treatment of gastric precancerous lesions and gastric cancer by Western and traditional Chinese medicine.","authors":"Ting-Lan Cao, Hui-Zhong Jiang","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.107660","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.107660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric precancerous lesions (GPL) represent a crucial stage in the complex process of gastric carcinogenesis that leads to gastric cancer (GC), one of the most prevalent cancers and a major source of cancer mortality worldwide. Many studies have identified the gastrointestinal microbiota, or gut microbiota, as an important contributor to both the pathogenesis and treatment of GPL and GC, thus understanding its role in this transition is crucial. The purpose of this literature review is to introduce the current landscape of microbiota research associated with GPL and GC, with an emphasis on <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) driven microbial dysbiosis and its modulation through Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) approaches. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms of <i>H. pylori</i> colonization, patterns, and interactions among microbiota, as well as the influence of microbial metabolites, this review highlights crucial driving factors of gastric carcinogenesis. The role of microbiota in conventional interventions, including <i>H. pylori</i> eradication, immunotherapy, as well as TCM herbal decoctions, is also discussed to provide a detailed understanding of the complex interactions between therapy and microbiota and how it could be potentially targeted for effective management of GPL and GC. Ultimately, microbiota-targeting therapeutics may represent a new path toward early detection, targeted treatment, improved prognosis, and potentially reduced incidence of GPL and GC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 8","pages":"107660"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the prevention and management of postoperative bleeding complications in pancreaticoduodenectomy: Current strategies and future directions precise.","authors":"Qian Wang, Geng-Geng Liu, Feng Pan, Jia-Yi Xu, Yan Jiao, Qing Liu, Ya-Hui Liu","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.108928","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.108928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postoperative bleeding (POB) is a major complication following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), leading to significant morbidity and potential mortality. This minireview focuses on the prevention and management strategies for POB, synthesizing current evidence on surgical techniques, perioperative management, and postoperative interventions. Effective prevention strategies include the use of regional vessel wrapping, optimal pancreatic anastomosis, and meticulous intraoperative hemostasis. Postoperative management strategies, such as early detection using predictive models and advanced imaging, along with endovascular interventions like angiographic embolization and stent graft placement, are essential for timely intervention. Risk factors, including pancreatic texture, anticoagulation therapy, and patient comorbidities, further influence bleeding outcomes. The minireview also identifies gaps in current research and emphasizes the need for prospective randomized controlled trials to establish standardized protocols. Overall, a multidisciplinary approach combining surgical expertise, predictive analytics, and personalized care is essential to improving patient outcomes and minimizing the risk of POB following PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 8","pages":"108928"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning models for pathological classification and staging of oesophageal cancer.","authors":"Himanshu Agrawal, Nikhil Gupta","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.109893","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.109893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This letter comments on Wei <i>et al</i>'s study applying the Wave-Vision Transformer for oesophageal cancer classification. Highlighting its superior accuracy and efficiency, we discuss its potential clinical impact, limitations in dataset diversity, and the need for explainable artificial intelligence to enhance adoption in pathology and personalized treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 8","pages":"109893"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current advances in neuroendocrine neoplasms of the colon and rectum.","authors":"Yun-Bin Ma, Zhi-Jie Wang","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.108906","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.108906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Compared with colorectal adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), which affect the colon and rectum, are uncommon tumor conditions that have received relatively limited attention in basic research. Furthermore, the scarcity of these NENs has hindered extensive clinical investigations, thereby leading to a dearth of robust evidence for guiding clinical practice and impeding the establishment of standardized approaches for diagnosis and treatment. However, with the increasing awareness of population screening, as well as the increasing popularity of colonoscopy screening programs, the incidence of colorectal NENs has gradually increased. Moreover, some high-grade NENs are highly malignant and invasive, thereby leading to poor treatment outcomes and prognoses. These challenges have elicited increased attention from clinical physicians, thus prompting researchers to explore relevant studies using limited specimens and clinical data. This scenario has resulted in preliminary findings that provide evidence for addressing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with NENs of the colon and rectum. In this article, we review recent literature reports and summarize the advances regarding the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal NENs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 8","pages":"108906"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GPR81 nuclear transportation is critical for cancer growth and progression in lung and other solid cancers.","authors":"LiBang Yang, Thomas Kono, Adam Gilbertsen, Yingming Li, Bo Sun, Blake A Jacobson, Sabine Karam, Scott M Dehm, Craig A Henke, Robert A Kratzke","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.107208","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i8.107208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Warburg effect is common in cancers. Lactate and its receptor GPR81 play an important role in cancer progression. It is widely accepted that membrane receptor nuclear translocation plays some novel role in cancer pathology. The mechanism by which the lactate/GPR81 axis regulates cancer malignancy remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To elucidate the mechanism of GPR81 nuclear transportation promoted by exogenous lactate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lung cancer cells were stimulated with exogenous lactate and GPR81 levels were measured by immunofluoresence and western blot analysis in membrane, cytoplasmic, and nuclear fractions. Lung cancer cells were transduced with a mutant GPR81 nuclear localization signal (NLS) construct, wild type GPR81 or empty vector and used to examine how GPR81 nuclear transportation affects lung cancer cells malignancy <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Immunoprecipitation Proteomics analysis and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing were used to determine GPR81 interacting proteins and genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In response to hypoxia/Lactate stimulation, GPR81 translocates and accumulates in the nucleus of lung cancer cells. Functionally, GPR81 nuclear translocation promotes cancer cell proliferation and motility. Depletion of the GPR81 NLS depletes GPR81 nuclear levels and decreases cancer cell growth and invasion <i>in vitro</i>, as well as cancer cell malignancy <i>in vivo.</i> Proteomics analysis revealed a set of proteins including SFPQ, that interact with GPR81 in the cancer cell nucleus. Notably, the interaction of GPR81 with SFPQ promotes cancer cell growth and motility. ChIP sequencing analysis discovered that there is a set of genes targeted by GPR81.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The interaction of GPR81 with SFPQ promotes cancer cell malignancy. GPR81 nuclear translocation is critical in conferring cancer progression and may be a potential therapeutic target for limiting cancer progression<b>.</b></p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 8","pages":"107208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}