World journal of clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Endoscopic submucosal dissection in early esophageal neoplasia: Celebrating efficacy, confronting heterogeneity, and refining surveillance for high-risk patients.","authors":"Shi-Qiong Zhou, Qing-Hua Ke","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.113857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.113857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Esophageal cancer poses a severe global healthcare burden, with a dismal prognosis primarily due to late-stage diagnosis - only 10%-30% of patients survive 5 years when symptoms trigger medical attention. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has emerged as a transformative minimally invasive therapy for early esophageal neoplastic lesions, offering curative potential while preserving organ function. However, the clinical landscape of early esophageal neoplasia is highly heterogeneous, with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, early-stage carcinoma, and superficial carcinoma differing significantly in biological behavior, endoscopic features, and treatment response. This article examines the recent retrospective study published by Zhang <i>et al</i>, which analyzed 245 patients with 264 lesions treated with ESD between 2014 and 2022. The study fills a critical gap in understanding this heterogeneity by systematically linking lesion stage to clinicopathological characteristics, ESD efficacy, and long-term prognosis. It not only validates ESD's role in early disease but also raises urgent questions about refining stratified management and addressing unmet needs in high-risk populations. This article discusses the implications of the study's findings, contextualizes them within current clinical practice, and outlines directions for future research to advance care for patients with early esophageal neoplasia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":"113857"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12836005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myeloid sarcoma transformed from myeloproliferative neoplasm: A case report and review of literature.","authors":"Shu-Han Zhong, Jie Lou, Ai-Qi Zhao, Xue-Li Jin, Shu-Mei Wei, Yun Liang","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.113966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.113966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare hematological malignancy that may be associated with myelodysplastic or myeloproliferative neoplasms. Herein, we report a case of transformation from myelofibrosis to MS.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 56-year-old male patient was found to have multiple bone lesions by the pelvic magnetic resonance imaging. Pathological analysis of the lesions indicated a myeloid tumor, and immunohistochemistry revealed a <i>TP53</i> mutation. Bone marrow aspiration was consistent with myelofibrosis. Based on the patient's history of polycythemia and the immunohistochemical findings of the surgically resected lesions, a transformation from a myeloproliferative neoplasm to MS was suggested. The patient developed hematological toxicity after receiving chemotherapy with idarubicin plus cytarabine, and treatment was subsequently adjusted to ruxolitinib combined with venetoclax. However the patient exhibited suboptimal treatment response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cases of myelofibrosis transforming into MS are extremely rare. The <i>TP53</i> mutation is a key molecular marker associated with poor tumor prognosis. Because it can be easily mistaken for other tumors, it is crucial to perform relevant examinations and establish a clear diagnosis as early as possible. This facilitates the timely formulation of an appropriate treatment plan and may help prolong the patient's life.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":"113966"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12836019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic significance of PD-L1/PD-1 co-expression and CXCR3-driven inflammatory signatures in Egyptian patients with lymphoproliferative neoplasms.","authors":"Dalia E Sherief, Nahla Nosair, Aya Mohammed Abdelhameed, Emad Sadaka, Amira A A Othman, Rasha Elgamal","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.112801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.112801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lymphoproliferative neoplasms (LPNs) such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphomas are clinically heterogeneous and frequently associated with recurrence and poor outcomes. Immune checkpoint markers, including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), as well as C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) and inflammation-based indices [systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI)], have shown promise in risk stratification but remain underexplored in Egyptian populations.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the prognostic value of PD-L1/PD-1 co-expression with CXCR3, SII, SIRI, and CXCR3 expression on monocyte subsets and lymphocytes in Egyptian patients with LPNs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted at Kafr Elsheikh University Hospitals (January 2024 to January 2025), including 90 patients with LPNs (chronic lymphocytic leukemia, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma) and 90 matched healthy controls. All participants underwent clinical evaluation, laboratory testing (including complete blood count, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and ferritin), and flow cytometry for PD-L1, PD-1, and CXCR3. Inflammatory indices (SII, SIRI, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and ferritin-to-lymphocyte ratio) were calculated. Clinical outcomes included remission, recurrence, and survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with LPNs had marked hematological and biochemical alterations, including anemia, thrombocytopenia, and reduced neutrophils, with significantly elevated lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, ferritin, and systemic inflammatory indices (SII, SIRI). Inflammatory ratios (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio) were lower, whereas the ferritin-to-lymphocyte ratio was higher compared with controls. Immune profiling showed significantly increased PD-L1/CXCR3 and PD-1/CXCR3 co-expression and higher CXCR3 expression on T lymphocytes. Post-treatment, PD-L1/CXCR3, CXCR3/T lymphocyte expression, SII, and SIRI decreased. Prognostic evaluation revealed that SIRI, PD-L1/CXCR3, and PD-1/CXCR3 had high accuracy for identifying stage IV disease, with patients showing low baseline levels achieving superior survival (100% follow-up). Clinically, 21.1% achieved complete remission, 26.7% relapsed, and 15.6% died.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PD-L1/PD-1 co-expression with CXCR3, combined with SII and SIRI, constitutes a practical prognostic panel for staging and outcome prediction in Egyptian patients with LPNs. These biomarkers may guide personalized management and therapeutic monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":"112801"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12836011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146093474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of nanotechnology in modulating the tumor microenvironment to enhance immunotherapy efficacy.","authors":"Ayushi Jain, Saloni Verma, Alisha Jadhav, Sharon John, Shalini Gupta","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.111294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.111294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is marked by hypoxia, acidity, and abundant stromal cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, along with factors such as tobacco and alcohol exposure, human papillomavirus infection, and microbial imbalance that drive immune evasion and poor immunotherapy responses. This review critically evaluated nanotechnology-driven strategies for reprogramming the OSCC TME, focusing on overcoming immunosuppression, hypoxia, stromal barriers, and OSCC-specific challenges to enhance immunotherapy outcomes. Personalized nanotherapies guided by TME profiling, combination with radiotherapy/chemotherapy, and theranostic nanoparticles show promise despite manufacturing/regulatory challenges. Nanotechnology enables transformative TME reprogramming to potentiate OSCC immunotherapy, necessitating interdisciplinary research and clinical validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":"111294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12836063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146093897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and internal validation of an immune-based prognostic modeling of early-onset colorectal cancer <i>via</i> machine learning.","authors":"Xiu Chen, Yong Wang, Heng-Yang Shen, Rui Wu, Zan Fu","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.114238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.114238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is an aggressive malignancy with rising incidence and poor prognosis in young adults. Circulating immune cells may hold prognostic value, yet their role in EOCRC outcomes remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop machine learning-based prognostic models using peripheral immune markers in a retrospective cohort of EOCRC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 123 EOCRC patients undergoing radical resection, from January 2017 to December 2020 was included. Data were extracted from medical records with a follow-up till July 2025. Blood samples were processed for flow cytometry to assess immune markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariable screening identified disease stage and CD16+CD56+ natural killer (NK) cell percentage as top predictors. A parsimonious Cox model integrating stage and high NK cells outperformed random survival forests (concordance index 0.693 <i>vs</i> 0.256). High-risk patients (stage III/IV, high NK cells) had inferior 5-year progression-free survival (61.2%; 95% confidence interval: 49.0-76.5) <i>vs</i> low-risk (86.4%; 95% confidence interval: 78.9-94.6; log-rank <i>P</i> = 0.001). Time-dependent areas under the curve ranged from 0.671 to 0.693, with robust calibration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This two-factor model offers moderate accuracy for personalized EOCRC risk stratification, highlighting systemic NK cell dysfunction as a potential immunotherapy target. External validation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":"114238"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12836025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients' perception of proton pump inhibitors use and their risks.","authors":"Ibrahim O Sawaied, Abraham O Samson, Efrat Golan","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.113463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.113463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy is widely prescribed for acid-related disorders. Emerging evidence associates prolonged use with potential adverse outcomes, including gastric cancer. Despite increasing prescriptions, little is known about patients' awareness of these risks or factors influencing discontinuation. We hypothesized that limited risk awareness and family support significantly affect patients' willingness to deprescribe PPIs.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate patients' awareness of PPI risks and factors associated with deprescribing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in community clinics and pharmacies across Israel, including 3000 adult PPI users recruited consecutively. Participants completed a multilingual survey (Hebrew, Arabic, Russian) assessing risk awareness, family support, and quality of life. A composite risk scale (0-12) was used to quantify perceived cancer risk. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify factors associated with high-risk awareness and willingness to discontinue PPIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3000 participants, fatigue occurred in 20%, constipation in 31.3%, infections in 9.3%, renal issues in 4.6%, and no side effects in 12.5%. Pantoprazole cancer-risk perception was 26.5%. Overall, 30% desired to discontinue PPIs and 15% reported symptom recurrence. High composite risk score (≥ 2) was associated with family support [odds ratio (OR) = 1.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3-2.8; <i>P</i> < 0.01] and longer PPI use (> 1 year; OR = 1.6, 95%CI: 1.1-2.4; <i>P</i> = 0.02). Attempted discontinuation correlated with high-risk score (OR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.5-3.0; <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients show limited awareness of long-term PPI risks. Family support and longer treatment duration are strongly associated with higher risk awareness and willingness to discontinue PPIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":"113463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12836075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating murine double minute 2 status as a stratification tool for risk-adapted management in plasma cell neoplasms.","authors":"Noura A A Ebrahim, Habiba Elfandy, Aya Mohamed Adel Arafat, Amira Diyaa Darwish, Mahitab Ibrahim Eltohamy","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.111426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.111426","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The E3 ubiquitin ligase murine double minute 2 (MDM2) is a key negative regulator of the tumor suppressor protein p53 and has been implicated in the development of various cancers, including hematologic malignancies. In multiple myeloma (MM), increased MDM2 expression has been reported and may play a role in disease progression and resistance to therapy. Despite this, the prognostic implications of MDM2 detected through immunohistochemistry (IHC) remain insufficiently defined.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the clinical, pathological, and prognostic significance of MDM2 expression in plasma cell neoplasms, with a focus on its potential utility as an early indicator of disease severity and therapeutic response.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective analysis was conducted on 71 patients diagnosed with MM or related plasma cell disorders treated at the National Cancer Institute between 2018 and 2022. MDM2 protein expression was assessed using IHC on extramedullary lesion biopsy samples, employing the MDM2 (A.M.1) monoclonal antibody. Nuclear staining in at least 1% of plasma cells was used as the threshold for MDM2 positivity. Comparative analyses were performed between MDM2-positive and MDM2-negative groups, examining clinical characteristics, laboratory data, histopathological features, treatment responses at 12 weeks and 24 weeks, and survival outcomes, including relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;MDM2 expression was identified in 30% of patient samples. While no major differences were observed in baseline demographics, disease stage, or most laboratory values, serum albumin levels were significantly lower in MDM2-positive patients (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.007). At 12 weeks, patients with MDM2-positive disease showed significantly poorer treatment responses based on International Myeloma Working Group criteria (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002), and early clinical response was moderately negatively correlated with MDM2 expression (Spearman's &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.375, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001). This correlation was not observed at 24 weeks. Immunophenotypic analysis indicated that MDM2-positive plasma cells exhibited lower epithelial membrane antigen (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.014) and higher CD45 expression (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.039), suggesting altered differentiation. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated a markedly shorter median RFS in the MDM2-positive group (22 months &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 68 months, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), although no significant difference was found in overall survival.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;IHC-detected MDM2 overexpression identifies a distinct subset of plasma cell neoplasms characterized by reduced early treatment responsiveness and significantly shorter RFS. These findings support the potential of MDM2 as a prognostic biomarker for early relapse risk in MM. Incorporating MDM2 assessment into diagnostic and prognostic workflows may enable more individualized treatment approaches. Fur","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":"111426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12836004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune landscape of melanoma: Tumor microenvironment, resistance mechanisms, and predictive biomarkers.","authors":"Marina M G L Oliveira, Carol S Lemos, Mariangela L S Brazão, Alice L A Rodrigues, Evelin da C do Nascimento, Emylli M P Cardoso, Maria F F Arantes, Fabrício F de Melo","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.114913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.114913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melanoma, a highly immunogenic malignancy, has become a paradigm for immune-based therapies. Despite remarkable responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors, many patients exhibit primary or acquired resistance. These outcomes are largely driven by the composition and dynamics of the tumor microenvironment, which shape immune activation, suppression, and therapeutic responsiveness, contributing to immune escape. Moreover, checkpoint molecule expression, altered antigen presentation, and immunosuppressive cytokine profiles further hinder effective immune surveillance. Advances in biomarker discovery have provided valuable insights into predicting therapy response and guiding individualized treatment. This review discusses the interplay between melanoma and its immune microenvironment, explores mechanisms of immune resistance, and highlights emerging predictive biomarkers with potential to refine clinical decision-making and improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":"114913"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12835995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pleiotropic regulation of mitochondrial translational factors in governing proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis during cancer progression.","authors":"Nikita Agarwal, Uttam Sharma, Akshi Shree, Rajiv Ranjan Kumar, Jaya Kanta Gorain, Vaishnavi Vishwas, Farhana Jahan, Archna Singh, Jayanth Kumar Palanichamy, Deepam Pushpam, Radhika Bakhshi, Anita Chopra, Ranjit Kumar Sahoo, Atul Batra, Surender K Sharawat, Sameer Bakhshi","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.113600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.113600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondrial translation relies on the coordinated activity of mitoribosomes, mitochondrial ribosome proteins, mitochondria-specific transfer RNAs, and dedicated translation factors, including mitochondrial initiation factor 2/3, mitochondrial elongation factor Tu, mitochondrial elongation factor Ts, mitochondrial elongation factor G1/G2, mitochondrial elongation factor 4, mitochondrial ribosome recycling factor, and mitochondrial release factor 1A. These components collectively drive the synthesis of 13 essential polypeptides encoded by mitochondrial DNA, all constituting subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation complexes. Although mitochondrial metabolism is increasingly recognized as a key player in cancer, the specific contribution of mitochondrial translation to cancer progression remains poorly explored. This gap in knowledge limits our understanding of how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to tumor initiation, progression, and therapy resistance. Herein, in this review, we highlight how dysregulation of mitochondrial translation factors can influence major cancer hallmarks such as sustained proliferative signaling, resistance to apoptosis, and increased invasion and metastasis. In addition, we discuss the known molecular mechanisms that link defects in mitochondrial translation to oncogenic features. We also consolidate current insights into the mitochondrial translation machinery and discuss recent evidence of its role in cancer, aiming to emphasize mitochondrial translation as a contributor to malignancy and a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":"113600"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12836032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferritin as a novel predictive index for nasopharyngeal carcinoma survival and therapeutic efficacy of different chemotherapy regimens.","authors":"Qi Tang, Yao Wu, Lin Chen, Qun-Ying Jia, Fa-Qing Tang","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.114012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.114012","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;In the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), there is a lack of effective assessment of the long-term effects on patients. Searching for an effective evaluation scheme and screening a reliable index for various therapeutic regimens is an urgent clinical issue that needs to be resolved.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To establish an effective evaluation scheme and screen a reliable index for NPC patients across various therapeutic regimens.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This population-based retrospective cohort study included NPC survivors (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 1142; weighted population, 100984) from the OB database of the Hunan Cancer Hospital, spanning from 2011 to 2023. The software DT Health (V 6.8) and I Medical software were utilized to extract the data. By leveraging the aforementioned database, the survival and mortality rates of NPC patients across various therapeutic regimens were analyzed. Three Cox regression models were formulated to explore the independent association of the Ferritin index with 3- and 5-year mortality risk. We used restricted cubic spline analysis to assess the potential nonlinear relationships between Ferritin-related indices and 3- and 5-year mortality. We also assessed the association between the Ferritin index and mortality using Cox proportional hazards regression models. All NPC patients were randomly divided into training and validation sets in a 3:7 ratio. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curves were plotted simultaneously for both training and validation sets.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;NPC patients were divided into two groups: Survivors (615, 53.85%) and non-survivors (527, 46.15%) based on their 5-year mortality. The 5-year mortality rate of males (71.35%) was higher than that of females (28.65%). The tumor stage of the non-survivors converged to TNM stages III and IV. Non-survivors displayed significantly higher levels of Ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and carcinoembryonic antigen than the survivors (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Follow-up analysis revealed that nidaplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (NF), docetaxel plus nidaplatin (TN), and docetaxel plus cisplatin (TP) regimens were associated with imporved 5-year survival in NPC patients. The 3- and 5-year rates showed a significant association with Ferritin level. When patients were stratified by Ferritin index quartiles, the tumor stages were predominantly skewed towards TNM stages III and IVa. Thus, Ferritin serves as a key novel biomarker for assessing NPC treatment efficacy. The Ferritin index was significantly associated with 3- and 5-year mortality risk. This correlation was evident in both the unadjusted and fully adjusted models. There was a minor level, S-shaped correlation between the Ferritin index and 3-year mortality. NPC patients with the Ferritin index in quartiles 1 and 3 had a higher 5-year mortality risk. Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated that there were significa","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":"114012"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12836027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}