Water science and engineering最新文献

{"title":"A review of microplastic surface interactions in water and potential capturing methods","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics are emerging micropollutants in water threatening aquatic and land organisms. The microplastic–water system is complicated due to the multiple constituents in the water system and the minuscule size of the plastic waste. Although typical plastic-based materials are inert, the behavior of fragmented plastics is arbitrary and indefinite. When exposed to erratic water environments with the presence of organic and synthetic impurities, pH, temperature, and salt, microplastic surfaces may be potentially active and generate charges in water. These phenomena determine microplastics in water as a colloidal system. The classical Derjaguin Landau Verwey and Overbeek (DLVO) theory can be used to identify the microplastic surface behavior in water. The modification of microplastic surfaces eventually determines the overall interactions between microplastics and other constituents in water. Moreover, the geometry of microplastics and additives present in microcontaminants play a crucial role in their net interactions. Hence, multiple microplastic removal techniques, such as coagulation, filtration, and air flotation, can be developed to address the issue. In many cases, a combination of these methods may be needed to achieve the overall procedure in water treatment plants or generic water systems. Selection of an appropriate microplastic removal technique is crucial and should be based on the water environment and intended water use to ensure its safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 4","pages":"Pages 361-370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139022054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing impacts of climate change-driven sea level rise on hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics along Ba Lang beaches in Nha Trang Bay, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ba Lang sand beaches, located north of the Nha Trang Bay in Central Vietnam, are famous tourist attractions. However, they are experiencing shoreline and coastal erosion retreat, which is attributed to natural causes (such as tropical depressions, storms, and monsoons) as well as human impacts (such as hydropower generation, sand dredging, and coastal works). According to the forecast of the Vietnam Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, global climate change will cause the sea level to rise by 74 cm along the coast from the Dai Lanh Cape to the Ke Ga Cape (including the Ba Lang beaches) by the end of this century in the representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario. Sea level rise (SLR) due to global climate change is expected to aggravate the coastal erosion and shoreline retreat problems. In this study, coupled numerical models with the spectral wave module (MIKE 21 SW), hydrodynamic module (MIKE 21 HD), and sand transport module (MIKE 21 ST) in the MIKE 21 package were used to simulate waves, current fields, and sediment dynamics along the Ba Lang beaches considering the impact of SLR. These models were calibrated with the field data measured in December 2016. The results showed that SLR caused the wave height to increase and reduced the current speed and total sediment load in monsoon conditions. The increase in wave height was even intensified under the joint impact of SLR and extreme events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 4","pages":"Pages 323-335"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139025884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head-mounted display-based augmented reality for water quality visualisation","authors":"Jacky Cao ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang Su ,&nbsp;Jonas Eilertsen Hædahl ,&nbsp;Thomas Berg Fjellestad ,&nbsp;Donjete Haziri ,&nbsp;André Hoang-An Vu ,&nbsp;Jari Koskiaho ,&nbsp;Satu Maaria Karjalainen ,&nbsp;Anna-kaisa Ronkanen ,&nbsp;Sasu Tarkoma ,&nbsp;Pan Hui","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water covers most of the Earth’s surface and is nowhere near a good ecological or recreational state in many areas of the world. Moreover, only a small fraction of the water is potable. As climate change-induced extreme weather events become ever more prevalent, more and more issues arise, such as worsening water quality problems. Therefore, protecting invaluable and useable drinking water is critical. Environmental agencies must continuously check water sources to determine whether they are in a good or healthy state regarding pollutant levels and ecological status. The currently available tools are better suited for stationary laboratory use, and domain specialists lack suitable tools for on-site visualisation and interactive exploration of environmental data. Meanwhile, data collection for laboratory analysis requires substantial time and significant effort. We, therefore, developed an augmented reality system with a Microsoft HoloLens 2 device to explore the visualisation of water quality and status in situ. The developed prototype visualises geo-referenced sensor measurements incorporated into the perspective of the surroundings. Any users interested in water bodies’ conditions can quickly examine and retrieve an overview of water body status using augmented reality and then take necessary steps to address the current situation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 236-248"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023001205/pdfft?md5=91077919e309986bc917ca9b436f4f4b&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023001205-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138618665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfidation of nano zero-valent iron for enhanced hexavalent chromium removal performance","authors":"Xiu-juan Feng ,&nbsp;Xiao-yi Wang ,&nbsp;Dong-ming Li ,&nbsp;Zhi-han Liu ,&nbsp;Yue-long Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) and sulfidation-modified nZVI (S-nZVI) were synthesized and used to remove hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in wastewater. Characterization of the products showed that the sulfidation process significantly changed the morphology of nZVI, with enhanced crystallinity. The effects of S/Fe ratio, pH value, and reaction temperature on Cr(VI) removal were studied. A S/Fe ratio of 0.5 was the most appropriate parameter, with a removal efficiency of 98% in the condition of pH = 2. The effects of anions (Cl⁻, <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mtext>NO</mtext><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mtext>CO</mtext><mn>3</mn><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span>, and <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mtext>SO</mtext><mn>4</mn><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span>) and cations (Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺) on the Cr(VI) removal efficiency were investigated, and the relevant mechanisms were discussed. The Cr(VI) removal efficiency of S-nZVI was significantly greater than that of nZVI, mainly owing to the existence of FeS layers that could protect Fe⁰ cores and prompt electron transfer. The aging and cycling experiments showed that S-nZVI could maintain its reactivity when facing the corrosion of water, and showed cycling stability. Thus, S-nZVI is an effective and feasible agent for the remediation of Cr(VI)-contained wastewater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 249-256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023001199/pdfft?md5=5062dc5bd00c2da3d0ad60381fbcd0b1&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023001199-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138611157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal response of nitrogen exchange fluxes to crab disturbance at sediment–water interface in coastal tidal wetlands","authors":"Guo-fen Hua ,&nbsp;Shang-qing Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang-dong Liu ,&nbsp;Jin-li Li ,&nbsp;Yue Fang ,&nbsp;Wen-ting Xie ,&nbsp;Xiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coastal wetlands are hotspots for nitrogen (N) cycling, and crab burrowing is known to transform N in intertidal marsh soils. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study conducted field experiments and used indoor control test devices to investigate the seasonal response of nitrogen to crab disturbance at the sediment–water interface in coastal tidal flat wetlands. The results showed that crab disturbance exhibited significant seasonality with large seasonal differences in cave density and depth. Due to crab disturbance, nitrogen fluxes at the sediment–water interface were much greater in the box with crabs than in the box without crabs. In summer, <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NH</mtext><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo>-</mo><mi>N</mi></math></span> showed a positive flux from the sediment to the overlying water, but <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NO</mtext><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math></span> and <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NO</mtext><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math></span> showed positive fluxes from the sediment to the overlying water only in early stages. In winter, <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NH</mtext><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math></span> showed a positive flux from the sediment to the overlying water, but <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NO</mtext><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math></span> and <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NO</mtext><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math></span> both exhibited positive and negative fluxes. These results indicated that the presence of crab burrows can cause the aerobic layer to move downward by approximately 8–15 cm in summer and directly promote nitrification at the sediment surface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 129-138"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023001187/pdfft?md5=ecffc1324b2de1ec9722880f4e7be518&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023001187-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138614138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydraulic characteristics and flow trajectories under two-sided asymmetric inflow conditions for a deep storage tunnel system","authors":"Wei He ,&nbsp;Chao Yu ,&nbsp;Xiao-dong Yu ,&nbsp;Jian Zhang ,&nbsp;Jose G. Vasconcelos ,&nbsp;Hui Xu ,&nbsp;Shou-ling Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deep storage tunnels (DSTs) are used in densely urbanized areas to relieve stormwater collection systems, thereby reducing urban floods and runoff pollution, due to their substantial storage capacity. The computation of the hydraulic characteristics and flow trajectories of DSTs under rapid filling scenarios can help to predict sediment deposition and pollutant accumulation associated with the stored runoff, as well as the likelihood of operational problems, such as excessive surging. However, such assessments are complicated by various inflow scenarios encountered in tunnel systems during their operation. In this study, the Suzhou River DST in China is selected as a study case. Particles were tracked, and hydraulic analysis was conducted with scaled model experiments and numerical models. The flow field, particle movement, air‒water phase, and pressure patterns in the DST were simulated under various one- and two-sided inflow scenarios. The results showed that with regards to the design conditions involving two-sided inflows, flow reversals occurred with stepwise increases in the water surface and pressure. In contrast, this phenomenon was not observed under the one-sided inflow scenario. Under the asymmetric two-sided inflow scenarios, water inflows led to particle accumulation near the shaft, reducing the received inflows. However, under the symmetric inflow conditions, particles were concentrated near the middle of the tunnel. Compared to those under the symmetric inflow scenario, asymmetric inflow caused surface wave and entrapped air reductions. This study could provide support for regulation of the inflow of the Suzhou River DST and for prediction of sediment and pollutant accumulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 309-318"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023001175/pdfft?md5=e5fb1166e1e3a54eb1918b8aab874440&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023001175-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139291443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogas and photovoltaic solar energy as renewable energy in wastewater treatment plants: A focus on energy recovery and greenhouse gas emission mitigation","authors":"Sevda Jalali Milani,&nbsp;Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Globalization has led to a rapid rise in energy consumption, making climate change one of the world's most pressing issues. As wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) contribute to climate change by emitting greenhouse gases (GHGs), this study estimated the total GHG emissions of WWTPs by classifying them as either direct or indirect carbon emissions. The effectiveness of the use of solar photovoltaic systems and biogas produced by WWTPs in increasing energy recovery and reducing GHG emissions was investigated. This study demonstrated that the use of an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor with a biogas flow of 9 120.77 m³/d and an activated sludge processing system (ASPS) reactor with a biogas flow of 14 004 m³/d, in addition to the energy production from the UASB reactor (6 421.8 MW⸱h per year) and the ASPS reactor (9 860.0 MW⸱h per year), yielded a reduction of 3 316.85 and 5 092.69 t of CO₂ equivalent per year, respectively. Furthermore, the co-design of wastewater processes could be utilized to optimize biogas energy recovery. Moreover, the use of solar photovoltaic systems reduced GHG emissions from WWTPs. This is important to the transition to renewable energy because it resulted in a 10%–40% reduction in carbon emissions from WWTPs. Integrating renewable energy sources, biogas, and solar energy could provide up to 88% of the annual energy requirements of WWTPs. Recommendations are provided for further research considering the limited availability of integrated resources for studying the simultaneous utilization of photovoltaic and biogas systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 283-291"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S167423702300114X/pdfft?md5=d6a75ed56c58ecbb4102973c36f262a7&pid=1-s2.0-S167423702300114X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrodynamic characteristics and particle tracking of 90° lateral intakes at an inclined river slope","authors":"Wei He ,&nbsp;Si-yuan Feng ,&nbsp;Jian Zhang ,&nbsp;Hong-wu Tang ,&nbsp;Yang Xiao ,&nbsp;Sheng Chen ,&nbsp;Chun-sheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lateral intakes are common in rivers. The pump efficiency and sediment deposition are determined by the local hydrodynamic characteristics and mainstream division width. The hydraulic characteristics of lateral withdrawal from inclined river slopes at different intake elevations should be investigated. Meanwhile, the division width exhibits significant vertical non-uniformity at an inclined river slope, which should be clarified. Hence, a three-dimensional (3-D) hydrodynamic and particle-tracking model was developed with the Open Source Field Operation and Manipulation (OpenFOAM), and the model was validated with physical model tests for 90° lateral withdrawal from an inclined side bank. The flow fields, withdrawal sources, and division widths were investigated with different intake bottom elevations, withdrawal discharges, and main channel velocities. This study showed that under inclined side bank conditions, water entered the intake at an oblique angle, causing significant 3-D spiral flows in the intake rather than two-dimensional closed recirculation. A lower withdrawal discharge, a lower bottom elevation of the intake, or a higher main channel velocity could further strengthen this phenomenon. The average division width and turbulent kinetic energy were smaller under inclined side bank conditions than under vertical bank conditions. With a low intake bottom elevation, a low withdrawal discharge, or a high main channel velocity, the sources of lateral withdrawal were in similar ranges near the local inclined bank in the vertical direction. Under inclined slope conditions, sediment deposition near the intake entrance could be reduced, compared to that under vertical slope conditions. The results provide hydrodynamic and sediment references for engineering designs for natural rivers with inclined terrains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 197-208"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023001151/pdfft?md5=4bf6740fac8cfd81551cb53ec6b9ace4&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023001151-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139292139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of aeration on low-substrate CANON process","authors":"Qiong-qiong Xia,&nbsp;Wei Shang,&nbsp;Xing-can Zheng,&nbsp;Wen-an Zhang,&nbsp;Ya-xiong Wang,&nbsp;Yong-li Sun,&nbsp;Peng-feng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) is a new type of nitrogen removal process developed in recent years. The control of dissolved oxygen (DO) in this process is relatively stringent, especially in low-substrate wastewater treatment. However, the results of studies on the operation of the process in different aeration modes are still controversial, and investigations on biofilm type CANON reactors are limited. In this study, a pilot-scale CANON bioreactor filled with suspended carriers was investigated on the treatment of wastewater at low ammonium concentrations, and the effect of the aeration mode on autotrophic nitrogen removal was evaluated. Seven conditions with various aeration on/off times and DO levels were tested. The results showed that an intermittent aeration with a 20-min/20-min aeration on/off time and DO concentrations of 1.0–1.3 mg/L at the end of the aeration period was appropriate, potentially inhibiting nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and keeping the total nitrogen (TN) removal rate at a relatively high level of 76.7% ± 2.5%. In the optimal aeration mode, the reactor achieved effluent TN and <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NH</mtext><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math></span> concentrations of (11.1 ± 3.3) mg/L and (3.6 ± 2.3) mg/L, respectively, with a hydraulic retention time of 12 h and an influent <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NH</mtext><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math></span> concentration of (48.6 ± 9.4) mg/L at 30.1°C ± 2.2°C. The results of metagenomic sequencing for microorganisms on carriers indicated that the main nitrogen removal bacteria in the reactor were Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Nitrospirae. The NOB genus <em>Nitrospira</em> was completely inhibited by intermittent aeration. <em>Candidatus Kuenenia</em> had strong adaptability to low-concentration wastewater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 292-299"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023001163/pdfft?md5=9279a43348416861ef64f9c92d14a4d7&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023001163-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139295331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient removal of U(VI) from wastewater by a sponge-like 3D porous architecture with hybrid electrospun nanofibers","authors":"Lin Hu ,&nbsp;Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Xian-kun Wu ,&nbsp;Rui Luo ,&nbsp;Rong-guan Lv ,&nbsp;Zheng-hao Fei ,&nbsp;Feng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Removal of uranium(VI) from nuclear wastewater is urgent due to the global nuclear energy exploitation. This study synthesized novel sponge-like 3D porous materials for enhanced uranium adsorption by combining electrospinning and fibrous freeze-shaping techniques. The materials possessed an organic–inorganic hybrid architecture based on the electrospun fibers of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and SiO₂. As a supporting material, the surface of fibrous SiO₂ could be further functionalized by cyano groups via (3-cyanopropyl)triethoxysilane. All the cyano groups were turned into amidoxime (AO) groups to obtain a amidoxime-functionalized sponge (PAO/SiO₂-AO) through the subsequent amidoximation process. The proposed sponge exhibited enhanced uranium adsorption performance with a high removal capacity of 367.12 mg/g, a large adsorption coefficient of 4.0 × 10⁴ mL/g, and a high removal efficiency of 97.59%. The <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mtext>UO</mtext><mn>2</mn><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span> adsorption kinetics perfectly conformed to the pseudo-second-order reaction. The sorbent also exhibited an excellent selectivity for <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mtext>UO</mtext><mn>2</mn><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span> with other interfering metal ions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 150-156"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023001126/pdfft?md5=c350de37006f4cd7e95054f7660984b4&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023001126-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139301763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}