Water science and engineering最新文献

{"title":"Source apportionment of river water pollution in a typical agricultural city of Anhui Province, eastern China using multivariate statistical techniques with APCS–MLR","authors":"Kai Chen ,&nbsp;Qi-meng Liu ,&nbsp;Wei-hua Peng ,&nbsp;Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Zi-tao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The deterioration of the surface water environment has become a serious challenge for water resources management due to increasing anthropogenic disturbance. Water resources protection requires control of potential pollution sources. In this study, 99 water samples were collected from a river in a typical agricultural city of Anhui Province in eastern China, and these samples were analyzed in terms of pH, electrical conductivity, and the concentrations of F⁻, Cl⁻, <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mtext>SO</mtext><mn>4</mn><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span>, Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, As, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Pb. Cluster analysis, co-occurrence network analysis, and principal component analysis/factor analysis were conducted to qualitatively identify the potential sources of river water pollution in the study area. An absolute principal component score–multiple linear regression receptor model was used to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each source to water quality parameters. The results showed that all observed water quality indices met the quality criteria specified in the Chinese drinking water standards, except for pH, <em>ρ</em>(F⁻), <em>ρ</em>(<span><math><mrow><msubsup><mtext>SO</mtext><mn>4</mn><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span>), and <em>ρ</em>(As). The heat map showed that the frequent recharge of pollutants from the tributaries during the wet season was the main reason for the deterioration of water quality. Five sources of river water pollution were identified, and their contribution ratios in a descending order were as follows: the geogenic process (24%) &gt; agricultural activities (21%) &gt; poultry farming sources (17%) &gt; domestic pollution (9%) &gt; transportation pollution (5%). Therefore, controlling pollution from agricultural activities, strengthening the regulation of livestock farming, and improving the sewage network are the recommended strategies for improving the quality of surface water resources in this area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 165-174"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42182843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding association between methylene blue dye and biosorbent: Palmyrah sprout casing in adsorption process in aqueous phase","authors":"D.M.N.H. Jayasuriya,&nbsp;Kannan Nadarajah","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water pollution caused by industrial dyes has become a severe problem in the modern world. Biosorbents can be used in an eco-friendly manner to remove industrial dyes. In this study, five biosorbents were selected: palmyrah sprout casing (PSC), manioc peel, lime peel, king coconut husk, and coconut kernel. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to identify the best biosorbent with the highest ability to adsorb methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. The detailed mechanisms of PSC used in the adsorptive removal of MB in aqueous phase were investigated. Of the five biosorbents, PSC exhibited the best removal performance with an adsorption capacity at equilibrium (<em>q</em>_e) of 27.67 mg/g. The <em>q</em>_e values of lime peel, king coconut husk, manioc peel, and coconut kernel were 24.25 mg/g, 15.29 mg/g, 10.84 mg/g, and 7.06 mg/g, respectively. To explain the mechanisms of MB adsorption with the selected biosorbents, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed to characterize functional properties, and isotherm, kinetic, rate-limiting, and thermodynamic analyses were conducted. The FTIR analysis revealed that different biosorbents had different functional properties on their adsorptive surfaces. The FTIR and XRD results obtained before and after MB adsorption with PSC indicated that the surface functional groups of carbonyl and hydroxyl actively participated in the removal process. According to the isotherm analysis, monolayer adsorption was observed with the Langmuir model with a determination coefficient of 0.998. The duration to reach the maximum adsorption capacity for MB adsorption with PSC was 120 min, and the adsorption process was exothermic due to the negative enthalpy change (−9.950 kJ/mol). Moreover, the boundary layer thickness and intraparticle diffusion were the rate-limiting factors in the adsorption process. As a new biosorbent for MB adsorption, PSC could be used in activated carbon production to enhance the performance of dye removal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 154-164"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41896519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar photocatalytic pathogenic disinfection: Fundamentals to state-of-the-art","authors":"Leena V. Bora","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is necessary to treat pathogen-infected water before its utilisation. Of conventionally used treatment methods, solar photocatalysis has gained considerable momentum owing to its operational simplicity and capacity to use freely and abundantly available solar energy. This article systematically reviewed the disinfection of water with photocatalysis. It addressed the concerns of microbial infection of water and the fundamentals behind its treatment with photocatalysis. It presented an in-depth description of pathogenic deactivation with powerful reactive oxygen species. Special emphasis was given to process intensification as it is an attractive technique that provides multifunctionality and/or equipment miniaturisation. Solar reactor design regarding mobilised/immobilised photocatalysts and compound parabolic concentrators were elucidated. Finally, key parameters governing photoperformance, corresponding trade-offs, and the need for their optimisation were discussed. Overall, this article is a single point of reference for researchers, environmentalists, and industrialists who address the ever-severing challenge of providing clean water whilst also maintaining energy sustainability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 132-142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42254197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water hammer protection for diversion systems in front of pumps in long-distance water supply projects","authors":"Lin Shi,&nbsp;Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Xiao-dong Yu,&nbsp;Sheng Chen,&nbsp;Wen-long Zhao,&nbsp;Xu-yun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For a water supply system with long-distance diversion pipelines, in addition to the water hammer problems that occur beyond pumps, the safety of the water diversion pipeline in front of pumps also deserves attention. In this study, a water hammer protection scheme combined with an overflow surge tank and a regulating valve was developed. A mathematical model of the overflow surge tank was developed, and an analytical formula for the height of the overflow surge tank was derived. Furthermore, a practical water supply project was used to evaluate the feasibility of the combined protection scheme and analyze the sensitivity of valve regulation rules. The results showed that the combined protection scheme effectively reduced the height of the surge tank, lessened the difficulties related to construction, and reduced the necessary financial investment for the project. The two-stage closing rule articulated as <em>fast first and then slow</em> could minimize the overflow volume of the surge tank when the power failure occurred, while the two-stage opening rule articulated as <em>slow first and then fast</em> could be more conducive to the safety of the water supply system when the pump started up.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 211-218"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44589104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Tianji and ECMWF high-resolution precipitation forecasts for extreme rainfall event in Henan in July 2021","authors":"Wen-tao Li ,&nbsp;Jia-peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruo-chen Sun ,&nbsp;Qingyun Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The extreme rainfall event of July 17 to 22, 2021 in Henan Province, China, led to severe urban waterlogging and flood disasters. This study investigated the performance of high-resolution weather forecasts in predicting this extreme event and the feasibility of weather forecast-based hydrological forecasts. To achieve this goal, high-resolution precipitation forecasts from the Tianji weather system and the forecast system of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) were evaluated with the spatial verification metrics of structure, amplitude, and location. The results showed that Tianji weather forecasts accurately predicted the amplitude of 12-h accumulated precipitation with a lead time of 12 h. The location and structure of the rainfall areas in Tianji forecasts were closer to the observations than ECMWF forecasts. Tianji hourly precipitation forecasts were also more accurate than ECMWF hourly forecasts, especially at lead times shorter than 8 h. The precipitation forecasts were used as the inputs to a hydrological model to evaluate their hydrological applications. The results showed that the runoff forecasts driven by Tianji weather forecasts could effectively predict the extreme flood event. The runoff forecasts driven by Tianji forecasts were more accurate than those driven by ECMWF forecasts in terms of amplitude and location. This study demonstrates that high-resolution weather forecasts and corresponding hydrological forecasts can provide valuable information in advance for disaster warnings and leave time for people to act on the event. The results encourage further hydrological applications of high-resolution weather forecasts, such as Tianji weather forecasts, in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 122-131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44007711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of activated carbon from sunflower straw through H3PO4 activation and its application for acid fuchsin dye adsorption","authors":"Wen-de Zhao ,&nbsp;Li-ping Chen ,&nbsp;Yan Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the development circular economy, the use of agricultural waste to prepare biomass materials to remove pollutants has become a research hotspot. In this study, sunflower straw activated carbon (SSAC) was prepared by the one-step activation method, with sunflower straw (SS) used as the raw material and H₃PO₄ used as the activator. Four types of SSAC were prepared with impregnation ratios (weight of SS to weight of H₃PO₄) of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:5, corresponding to SSAC1, SSAC2, SSAC3, and SSAC4, respectively. The adsorption process of acid fuchsin (AF) in water using the four types of SSAC was studied. The results showed that the impregnation ratio significantly affected the structure of the materials. The increase in the impregnation ratio increased the specific surface area and pore volume of SSAC and improved the adsorption capacity of AF. However, an impregnation ratio that was too large led to a decrease in specific surface area. SSAC3, with an impregnation ratio of 1:3, had the largest specific surface area (1 794.01 m²/g), and SSAC4, with an impregnation ratio of 1:5, exhibited the smallest microporosity (0.052 7 cm³/g) and the largest pore volume (2.549 cm³/g). The adsorption kinetics of AF using the four types of SSAC agreed with the quasi-second-order adsorption kinetic model. The Langmuir isotherm model was suitable to describe SSAC3 and SSAC4, and the Freundlich isotherm model was appropriate to describe SSAC1 and SSAC2. The result of thermodynamics showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. At 303 K, SSAC4 showed a removal rate of 97.73% for 200-mg/L AF with a maximum adsorption capacity of 2 763.36 mg/g, the highest among the four types of SSAC. This study showed that SAAC prepared by the H₃PO₄-based one-step activation method is a green and efficient carbon material and has significant application potential for the treatment of dye-containing wastewater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 192-202"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45039018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initiatives to clarify mechanisms of hydrological evolution in human-influenced Yellow River Basin","authors":"Li-liang Ren ,&nbsp;Shan-shui Yuan ,&nbsp;Xiao-li Yang ,&nbsp;Shan-hu Jiang ,&nbsp;Gui-bao Li ,&nbsp;Qiu-an Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiu-qin Fang ,&nbsp;Yi Liu ,&nbsp;Yi-qi Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Significant changes in water cycle elements/processes have created serious challenges to regional sustainability and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin in China. It is necessary to investigate the impacts of climate change and human activities on hydrological evolution and disaster risk from a holistic perspective of the basin. This study developed initiatives to clarify the mechanisms of hydrological evolution in the human-influenced Yellow River Basin. The proposed research method includes: (1) a tool to simulate multiple factors and a multi-scale water cycle using a grid-based spatiotemporal coupling approach, and (2) a new algorithm to separate the responses of the water cycle to climate change and human impacts, and de-couple the eco-environmental effects using artificial intelligence techniques. With this research framework, key breakthroughs are expected to be made in the understanding of the impacts of land cover change on the water cycle and blue/green water re-direction. The outcomes of this research project are expected to provide theoretical support for ecological protection and water governance in the basin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 117-121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47431422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of factors affecting rural drinking water consumption using intelligent hybrid models","authors":"Alireza Mehrabani Bashar ,&nbsp;Hamed Nozari ,&nbsp;Safar Marofi ,&nbsp;Mohamad Mohamadi ,&nbsp;Ahad Ahadiiman","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Identifying the factors affecting drinking water consumption is essential to the rational management of water resources and effective environment protection. In this study, the effects of the factors on rural drinking water demand were studied using the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and hybrid models, such as the ANFIS–genetic algorithm (GA), ANFIS–particle swarm optimization (PSO), and support vector machine (SVM)–simulated annealing (SA). The rural areas of Hamadan Province in Iran were selected for the case study. Five drinking water consumption factors were selected for the assessment according to the literature, data availability, and the characteristics of the study area (such as precipitation, relative humidity, temperature, the number of subscribers, and water price). The results showed that the standard errors of ANFIS, ANFIS–GA, ANFIS–PSO, and SVM–SA were 0.669, 0.619, 0.705, and 0.578, respectively. Therefore, the hybrid model SVM–SA outperformed other models. The sensitivity analysis showed that of the parameters affecting drinking water consumption, the number of subscribers significantly affected the water consumption rate, while the average temperature was the least significant factor. Water price was a factor that could be easily controlled, but it was always one of the least effective parameters due to the low water fee.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 175-183"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41468329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prototype for on-site generation of chlorinated disinfectant for use in rural aqueducts","authors":"Diana Marcela Cuesta Parra ,&nbsp;Felipe Correa Mahecha ,&nbsp;Andrés Felipe Rubio Pinzon ,&nbsp;Davidcamilo Ramírez Bustos ,&nbsp;Leonel Alveyro Teran Llorente ,&nbsp;Miguel Fernando Jimenez Jimenez","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sodium hypochlorite has significant potential as a sanitation solution in hard-to-reach areas. Few studies have investigated the optimal electrolysis parameters for its production with volumes greater than 10 L. This study evaluated sodium hypochlorite production through electrolysis in a 22-L prototype and identified the optimal operating parameters. Tests were performed using graphite electrodes with areas of 68.4 cm² at the laboratory scale and 1 865.0 cm² at the prototype scale. A design for experiments with different operating times, chloride concentrations, and electric current intensities was developed. The optimal operating time, sodium chloride concentration, and current intensity at the laboratory scale were 120 min, 150 g of chloride per liter, and 3 A, respectively, leading to the production of 5.02 g/L of the disinfectant with an energy efficiency of 12.21 mg of Cl₂ per kilojoule. At the prototype scale, the maximum sodium hypochlorite concentration of 3.99 g of chloride per liter was achieved with an operating time of 120 min, a sodium chloride concentration of 100 g of chloride per liter, and a current intensity of 70 A, reaching an energy efficiency of 42.56 mg of Cl₂ per kilojoule. In addition, this study evaluated the influences of the chloride concentration, current intensity, and operating time on the production of sodium hypochlorite at the two scales, and formulated the equations showing the trends of sodium hypochlorite production and energy efficiency in the electrochemical systems. The 22-L prototype model for production of this oxidizing substance is promising for disinfection of large volumes of water in areas that are difficult to access.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023000601/pdfft?md5=f6e56a2ca6c201ca2e1734f88c31273e&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023000601-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45062960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed D-vine copula-based conditional quantile model for stochastic monthly streamflow simulation","authors":"Wen-zhuo Wang ,&nbsp;Zeng-chuan Dong ,&nbsp;Tian-yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Ren ,&nbsp;Lian-qing Xue ,&nbsp;Teng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Copula functions have been widely used in stochastic simulation and prediction of streamflow. However, existing models are usually limited to single two-dimensional or three-dimensional copulas with the same bivariate block for all months. To address this limitation, this study developed a mixed D-vine copula-based conditional quantile model that can capture temporal correlations. This model can generate streamflow by selecting different historical streamflow variables as the conditions for different months and by exploiting the conditional quantile functions of streamflows in different months with mixed D-vine copulas. The up-to-down sequential method, which couples the maximum weight approach with the Akaike information criteria and the maximum likelihood approach, was used to determine the structures of multivariate D-vine copulas. The developed model was used in a case study to synthesize the monthly streamflow at the Tangnaihai hydrological station, the inflow control station of the Longyangxia Reservoir in the Yellow River Basin. The results showed that the developed model outperformed the commonly used bivariate copula model in terms of the performance in simulating the seasonality and interannual variability of streamflow. This model provides useful information for water-related natural hazard risk assessment and integrated water resources management and utilization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023000595/pdfft?md5=cda2e1d3cd1a9580d3a6f56082e483f5&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023000595-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46548868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}