Water science and engineering最新文献_第9页

Synthesis of plant-based biogenic jarosite nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus gunni leaf extracts and its application in Fenton degradation of dicamba 印楝和古尼桉叶提取物合成植物性生物黄钾铁矾纳米颗粒及其在麦草畏Fenton降解中的应用

IF 4

Water science and engineering Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2023.08.003

Shivaswamy Bhaskar , Basavaraju Manu , Marikunte Yanjarappa Sreenivasa , Arlapadavu Manoj

{"title":"Synthesis of plant-based biogenic jarosite nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus gunni leaf extracts and its application in Fenton degradation of dicamba","authors":"Shivaswamy Bhaskar , Basavaraju Manu , Marikunte Yanjarappa Sreenivasa , Arlapadavu Manoj","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Bio-jarosite, an iron mineral synthesized biologically using bacteria, is a substitute for iron catalysts in the Fenton oxidation of organic pollutants. Iron nanocatalysts have been widely used as Fenton catalysts because they have a larger surface area than ordinary catalysts, are highly recyclable, and can be treated efficiently. This study aimed to explore the catalytic properties of bio-jarosite iron nanoparticles synthesized with green methods using two distinct plant species: Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus gunni. The focus was on the degradation of dicamba via Fenton oxidation. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited different particle size, shape, surface area, and chemical composition characteristics. Both particles were effective in removing dicamba, with removal efficiencies of 96.8% for A. indica bio-jarosite iron nanoparticles (ABFeNPs) and 93.0% for E. gunni bio-jarosite iron nanoparticles (EBFeNPs) within 120 min of treatment. Increasing the catalyst dosage by 0.1 g/L resulted in 7.6% and 43.0% increases in the dicamba removal efficiency for EBFeNPs and ABFeNPs with rate constants of 0.025 min−1 and 0.023 min−1, respectively, confirming their catalytic roles. Additionally, the high efficiency of both catalysts was demonstrated through five consecutive cycles of linear pseudo-first-order Fenton oxidation reactions.</div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 157-165"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023000819/pdfft?md5=6d35420898dd90d77c1c472822549f82&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023000819-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47744353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemical substances present in discharge water generated by laundry industry: Analytical monitoring 洗衣工业排放水中的化学物质:分析监测

IF 4

Water science and engineering Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2023.07.004

Dario Lacalamita, Chiara Mongioví, Grégorio Crini

{"title":"Chemical substances present in discharge water generated by laundry industry: Analytical monitoring","authors":"Dario Lacalamita, Chiara Mongioví, Grégorio Crini","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>To our knowledge, precise data concerning the pollution in terms of qualitative and quantitative fluctuations in discharge water from the laundry sector have seldom been reported. This study investigated the chemical composition of the discharge water from a laundry industry. Over 160 chemical substances and 15 standard water parameters were monitored. The results showed that the discharge water presented both inorganic and organic polycontamination with a high degree of qualitative and quantitative variability. However, of all monitored substances, only five metals (Al, Cu, Fe, Sr, and Zn), five minerals (P, Ca, K, Na, and S), and alkylphenols were systematically present and quantifiable. For a daily average water flow of 129 m3, the released metal flux was 356 g/d. Substances, such as trichloromethane, brominated diphenyl ether (BDE) 47, and fluorides, were occasionally found and quantified. Other substances, such as chlorophenols, organo-tins, and pesticides were never identified. All the samples had quantifiable levels in the chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and hydrocarbons. Only the concentrations of Zn (8.3 g/d), Cu (21.4 g/d), and BOD (57.4 g/d) were close to or above the regulatory values: 74.0 g/d for Zn, 9.0 g/d for Cu, and 57.0 kg/d for BOD. The data obtained from this study are useful to the choice of additional treatments for the reduction of pollutant fluxes.</div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 4","pages":"Pages 324-332"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023000807/pdfft?md5=effd3d076b29e3a7d57ec0d10c4f2a14&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023000807-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44827741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Automatic area estimation of algal blooms in water bodies from UAV images using texture analysis 基于纹理分析的无人机图像水体水华面积自动估计

IF 4

Water science and engineering Pub Date : 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2023.08.001

Ajmeria Rahul, Gundu Lokesh, Siddhartha Goswami, R.N. Ponnalagu, Radhika Sudha

{"title":"Automatic area estimation of algal blooms in water bodies from UAV images using texture analysis","authors":"Ajmeria Rahul, Gundu Lokesh, Siddhartha Goswami, R.N. Ponnalagu, Radhika Sudha","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Algal blooms, the spread of algae on the surface of water bodies, have adverse effects not only on aquatic ecosystems but also on human life. The adverse effects of harmful algal blooms (HABs) necessitate a convenient solution for detection and monitoring. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have recently emerged as a tool for algal bloom detection, efficiently providing on-demand images at high spatiotemporal resolutions. This study developed an image processing method for algal bloom area estimation from the aerial images (obtained from the internet) captured using UAVs. As a remote sensing method of HAB detection, analysis, and monitoring, a combination of histogram and texture analyses was used to efficiently estimate the area of HABs. Statistical features like entropy (using the Kullback–Leibler method) were emphasized with the aid of a gray-level co-occurrence matrix. The results showed that the orthogonal images demonstrated fewer errors, and the morphological filter best detected algal blooms in real time, with a precision of 80%. This study provided efficient image processing approaches using on-board UAVs for HAB monitoring.</div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 62-71"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023000789/pdfft?md5=1e75e04d5e87b63687e87610db530fe8&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023000789-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43335833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sacrificial piles as a countermeasure against local scour around underwater pipelines 牺牲桩作为防止水下管道局部冲刷的对策

IF 4

Water science and engineering Pub Date : 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2023.08.002

Forough Raeisi , Seyed Mohammad Ali Zomorodian , Masih Zolghadr , Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla

{"title":"Sacrificial piles as a countermeasure against local scour around underwater pipelines","authors":"Forough Raeisi , Seyed Mohammad Ali Zomorodian , Masih Zolghadr , Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Local scour around pipelines crossing rivers or in marine environments is a significant concern. It can lead to failure of the pipelines resulting in environmental side effects and economic losses. This study developed an experimental method to reduce local scour around pipelines with a steady flow of clear water by installing cylindrical and cubical sacrificial piles. Three sizes of sacrificial piles were examined in a linear arrangement. Sacrificial piles were installed on the upstream side of the pipeline at three distances. Maximum scour depth reduction rates below the pipeline were computed. The results showed that sacrificial piles could protect a pipeline from local scour. A portion of scoured sediment around the sacrificial piles was deposited beneath the pipeline. This sediment accumulation reduced the scour depth beneath the pipeline. Analysis of the experimental results demonstrated that the size of piles (d), the spacing between piles, and the distance between the pipe and piles (Xp) were the variables that reduced the maximum scour beneath the pipeline with a diameter of D. For the piles with d = 0.40D and 0.64D, Xp = 40D was the optimal distance to install a group of piles, and cubical piles could mitigate scour more effectively than cylindrical piles under similar conditions. For the piles with d = D, the greatest reduction in scour depth was achieved at Xp = 50D with any desired spacings between piles, and cylindrical piles in this dimension could protect the pipeline against scour more effectively than cubical piles.</div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 187-196"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023000790/pdfft?md5=59bbf946d834fc316bf6fdb371319c20&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023000790-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44522502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Significance of including lid thickness and particle shape factor in numerical modeling for prediction of particle trap efficiency of invert trap 数值模拟中包含盖厚度和颗粒形状因子对反向阱颗粒阱效率预测的意义

IF 4

Water science and engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2023.07.003

Salman Beg, Deo Raj Kaushal

{"title":"Significance of including lid thickness and particle shape factor in numerical modeling for prediction of particle trap efficiency of invert trap","authors":"Salman Beg, Deo Raj Kaushal","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Sediment accumulation on the bed of open sewers and drains reduces hydraulic efficiency and can cause localized flooding. Slotted invert traps installed underneath the bed of open sewers and drains can eliminate sediment build-up by catching sediment load. Previous three-dimensional (3D) computational studies have examined the particle trapping performance of invert traps of different shapes and depths under varied sediment and flow conditions, considering particles as spheres. For two-dimensional and 3D numerical modeling, researchers assumed the lid geometry to be a thin line and a plane, respectively. In this 3D numerical study, the particle trapping efficiency of a slotted irregular hexagonal invert trap fitted at the flume bottom was examined by incorporating the particle shape factor of non-spherical sewage solid particles and the thicknesses of upstream and downstream lids over the trap in the discrete phase model of the ANSYS Fluent 2020 R1 software. The volume of fluid (VOF) and the realizable k–ε turbulence models were used to predict the velocity field. The two-dimensional particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to measure the velocity field inside the invert trap. The results showed that the thicknesses of upstream and downstream lids affected the velocity field and turbulent kinetic energy at all flow depths. The joint impact of the particle shape factor and lid thickness on the trap efficiency was significant. When both the lid thickness and particle shape factor were considered in the numerical modeling, trap efficiencies were underestimated, with relative errors of −8.66% to −0.65% in comparison to the experimental values of Mohsin and Kaushal (2017). They were also lower than the values predicted by Mohsin and Kaushal (2017), which showed an overall overestimation with errors of −2.3% to 17.4%.</div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 166-176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023000650/pdfft?md5=c17df00e52bcba698e2c028908dba2a3&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023000650-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44994708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical study of geyser events in rainstorm systems at different scales 不同尺度暴雨系统间歇泉事件的数值研究

IF 4

Water science and engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2023.07.002

Shuang-qing Zhang , Jia-chun Liu , Biao Huang , Jian Zhang

引用次数: 0

Numerical study of submerged bending vegetation under unidirectional flow 单向水流作用下水下弯曲植被的数值研究

IF 4

Water science and engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2023.06.001

Pei-pei Zhang , Yi-qing Gong , Ken Vui Chua , Jie Dai , Jing-qiao Mao

{"title":"Numerical study of submerged bending vegetation under unidirectional flow","authors":"Pei-pei Zhang , Yi-qing Gong , Ken Vui Chua , Jie Dai , Jing-qiao Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Submerged vegetation commonly grows and plays a vital role in aquatic ecosystems, but it is also regarded as a barrier to the passing flow. Numerical simulations of flow through and over submerged vegetation were carried out to investigate the effect of vegetation density on flow field. Numerical simulations were computationally set up to replicate flume experiments, in which vegetation was mimicked with flexible plastic strips. The fluid–structure interaction between flow and flexible vegetation was solved by coupling the two modules of the COMSOL packages. Two cases with different vegetation densities were simulated, and the results were successfully validated against the experimental data. The contours of the simulated time-averaged streamwise velocity and Reynolds stress were extracted to highlight the differences in mean and turbulent flow statistics. The turbulence intensity was found to be more sensitive to vegetation density than the time-averaged velocity. The developing length increased with the spacing between plants. The snapshots of the bending vegetation under instantaneous velocity and vorticity revealed that flexible vegetation responded to the effects of eddies in the shear layer by swaying periodically. The first two rows of vegetation suffered stronger approaching flow and were prone to more streamlined postures. In addition, the origin of tip vortices was investigated via the distribution of vorticity. The results reveal the variation of flow properties with bending submerged vegetation and provide useful reference for optimization of restoration projects.</div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 92-100"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023000613/pdfft?md5=af6362151c5a7bb530f1b1cb40cd1f2a&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023000613-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42588472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fabrication of graphene oxide–keratin–chitosan nanocomposite as an adsorbent to remove turbidity from tannery wastewater 氧化石墨烯-角蛋白-壳聚糖纳米复合材料的制备及其对制革废水浊度的吸附作用

IF 4

Water science and engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.003

Kobita Roy , Thuhin Kumar Dey , Mamun Jamal , Rajasekar Rathanasamy , Moganapriya Chinnasamy , Md. Elias Uddin

{"title":"Fabrication of graphene oxide–keratin–chitosan nanocomposite as an adsorbent to remove turbidity from tannery wastewater","authors":"Kobita Roy , Thuhin Kumar Dey , Mamun Jamal , Rajasekar Rathanasamy , Moganapriya Chinnasamy , Md. Elias Uddin","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Excessive turbidity in water is aesthetically unappealing and severely malfunctions the photosynthesis process of aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nanocomposite adsorbent made of graphene oxide–keratin–chitosan for removing turbidity from tannery influent. The nanocomposite was fabricated with simple solution casting methods. Material dispersibility, bonding between composite materials (amide linkage), and the surface morphology of the nanocomposite were analyzed with the ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. At pH of 6, 2 g/L of adsorbent and a 25-min contact time resulted in about 88% of turbidity elimination. After the adsorption process, the total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, salinity, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand of the tannery wastewater were reduced by 55%, 29%, 12%, 58%, and 75%, respectively. The optimum dosage of the nanocomposite with the maximum turbidity removal capacity was 12.62 mg/g. According the adsorption kinetic and isotherm models, the graphene oxide–keratin–chitosan nanocomposite played a key role in the turbidity removal process with chemisorption and electrostatic multilayer adsorption. This study provided methodological and mechanistic insights into the procedures of investigating the removal of turbidity from tannery wastewater with a novel composite material.</div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 184-191"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43648142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Simultaneous nitrification and autotrophic denitrification in fluidized bed reactors using pyrite and elemental sulfur as electron donors 以黄铁矿和单质硫为电子供体的流化床反应器同步硝化和自养反硝化

IF 4

Water science and engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.004

Maria F. Carboni , Sonia Arriaga , Piet N.L. Lens

{"title":"Simultaneous nitrification and autotrophic denitrification in fluidized bed reactors using pyrite and elemental sulfur as electron donors","authors":"Maria F. Carboni , Sonia Arriaga , Piet N.L. Lens","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2022.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>In this study, simultaneous nitrification and autotrophic denitrification (SNAD) with either elemental sulfur or pyrite were investigated in fluidized bed reactors in mesophilic conditions. The reactor performance was evaluated at different ammonium (12–40 mg/L of <math><msubsup><mtext>NH</mtext><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo>-</mo><mi>N</mi></math>), nitrate (35–45 mg/L of <math><msubsup><mtext>NO</mtext><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math>), and dissolved oxygen (DO) (0.1–1.5 mg/L) concentrations, with a hydraulic retention time of 12 h. The pyrite reactor supported the SNAD process with a maximum nitrogen removal efficiency of 139.5 mg/(L⸱d) when the DO concentration was in the range of 0.8–1.5 mg/L. This range, however, limited the denitrification efficiency of the reactor, which decreased from 90.0% ± 5.3% in phases II–V to 67.9% ± 7.2% in phases VI and VII. Sulfate precipitated as iron sulfate (FeSO4/Fe2(SO4)3) and sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) minerals during the experiment. The sulfur reactor did not respond well to nitrification with a low and unstable ammonium removal efficiency, while denitrification occurred with a nitrate removal efficiency of 97.8%. In the pyrite system, the nitrifying bacterium Nitrosomonas sp. was present, and its relative abundance increased from 0.1% to 1.1%, while the autotrophic denitrifying genera Terrimonas, Ferruginibacter, and Denitratimonas dominated the community. Thiobacillus, Sulfurovum, and Trichlorobacter were the most abundant genera in the sulfur reactor during the entire experiment.</div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 143-153"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42286142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Analysis of fluidized zone in transparent soil under jet induced by pipe leakage 管道泄漏射流作用下透明土流化区分析

IF 4

Water science and engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wse.2023.01.002

Li-jie Jiang , Bin Zhang , Sai-hua Huang , Yu Shao

引用次数: 0