Water science and engineering最新文献

{"title":"Impact of backwater on water surface profile in curved channels","authors":"Rui-hua Nie ,&nbsp;Qi-hang Zhou ,&nbsp;Wen-jie Li ,&nbsp;Xing-nian Liu ,&nbsp;Gang Xie ,&nbsp;Lu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Owing to extensive construction of dams, the impact of backwater on flow may lead to navigation or flood control issues in curved channels. To date, the impact of backwater on the water surface profile in curved channels remains unknown and requires investigation. In this study, experiments were conducted in a glass-walled recirculating flume with a length of 19.4 m, a width of 0.6 m, and a depth of 0.8 m, and the impact of backwater on the water surface profile in a 90° channel bend was investigated. The experimental results showed that the backwater degree had a significant impact on the transverse and longitudinal flow depth distributions in the bend. The transverse slope of the flow (<em>J</em>_r) increased linearly with an increase in the Froude number of the approach flow upstream of the bend. <em>J</em>_r increased with the longitudinal location parameter <em>ξ</em> when −0.2 &lt; <em>ξ</em> &lt; 0.5, and decreased with <em>ξ</em> when 0.5 &lt; <em>ξ</em> &lt; 1.2. Furthermore, the results showed that <em>J</em>_r asymptotically decreased to zero with an increase in the degree of backwater. An equation was formulated to estimate the transverse slope of the flow in a 90° bend in backwater zones.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 3","pages":"Pages 295-301"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43331971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropogenic disturbance of aquatic biodiversity and water quality of an urban river in Penang, Malaysia","authors":"Nur Azalina Suzianti Feisal ,&nbsp;Noor Haziqah Kamaludin ,&nbsp;Muhammad Firdaus Abdullah Sani ,&nbsp;Dayang Khairulnisa Awang Ahmad ,&nbsp;Mohd Azwan Ahmad ,&nbsp;Nur Faiza Abdul Razak ,&nbsp;Tengku Nilam Baizura Tengku Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Malaysia's rapid economic and demographic development have placed negative pressure on its water supplies and the quality of the Juru River, which is close to the nation's capital and its major source of water. Healthy aquatic ecosystems are supported by physicochemical properties and biological diversity. This study evaluated the anthropogenic impacts on aquatic biodiversity, especially plankton, fish, and macrobenthos, as well as the water quality of the Juru River in the Penang area. Aquatic biodiversity and river water parameters were collected from ten sampling stations along the Juru River. Seven variables were used to assess the physicochemical environment: pH, temperature, total suspended solids (TSS), salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand. At each sampling station, the total number of plankton, fish, and macrobenthic taxa were counted and analyzed. The relationships between the physicochemical parameters and aquatic biodiversity were investigated with biotypological analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and linear regression analysis. These analyses showed that the richness and diversity indices were generally influenced by salinity, temperature, TSS, BOD, and pH. The data obtained in this study supported the bioindicator concept. The findings, as they related to scientifically informed conservation, could serve as a model for Juru River management, as well as for river management throughout Malaysia and other tropical Asian countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 3","pages":"Pages 234-242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43100599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into remediation technology for malachite green wastewater treatment","authors":"Peter Olusakin Oladoye ,&nbsp;Timothy Oladiran Ajiboye ,&nbsp;Wycliffe Chisutia Wanyonyi ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Oyinkansola Omotola ,&nbsp;Mayowa Ezekiel Oladipo","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wse.2023.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Malachite green (MG) dye is a common industrial dye and organic contaminant that can be found in (waste)water. Textile and food industries make use of MG as dyeing and food coloring agents, respectively. However, MG is both genotoxic and mutagenic. Hence, the elimination of MG from MG-laden-wastewater is germane. This review summarizes up-to-date researches that have been reported in literature as regards the decontamination of toxic MG wastewater. Various removal methods (adsorption, membrane, Fenton system, and heterogenous and homogeneous photodegradation) were discussed. Of the two basic technologies that are comprehensively explored and reviewed, chemical treatment methods are not as viable as physical removal methods, such as the adsorption technology, due to the lack of secondary pollutant production, simple design, low operation costs, and resource availability. This review also presents various practical knowledge gaps needed for large-scale applications of adsorptive removal methods for MG. It concludes by recommending further research on the techniques of cheap and simple decontamination of MG to get clean water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 3","pages":"Pages 261-270"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49831243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of toppling rock slopes using a composite cloud model with DEMATEL–CRITIC method","authors":"Huan-ling Wang ,&nbsp;Xu-fei Zhao ,&nbsp;Hong-jie Chen ,&nbsp;Kui Yi ,&nbsp;Wei-chau Xie ,&nbsp;Wei-ya Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Safety evaluation of toppling rock slopes developing in reservoir areas is crucial. To reduce the uncertainty of safety evaluation, this study developed a composite cloud model, which improved the combination weights of the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) methods. A safety evaluation system was developed according to in situ monitoring data. The backward cloud generator was used to calculate the numerical characteristics of a cloud model of quantitative indices, and different virtual clouds were used to synthesize some clouds into a generalized one. The synthesized numerical characteristics were calculated to comprehensively evaluate the safety of toppling rock slopes. A case study of a toppling rock slope near the Huangdeng Hydropower Station in China was conducted using monitoring data collected since operation of the hydropower project began. The results indicated that the toppling rock slope was moderately safe with a low safety margin. The composite cloud model considers the fuzziness and randomness of safety evaluation and enables interchange between qualitative and quantitative knowledge. This study provides a new theoretical method for evaluating the safety of toppling rock slopes. It can aid in the predication, control, and even prevention of disasters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 3","pages":"Pages 280-288"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43419701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greenhouse gas reduction of co-benefit-type wastewater treatment system for fish-processing industry: A real-scale case study in Indonesia","authors":"Yoshiteru Hamatani ,&nbsp;Takahiro Watari ,&nbsp;Masashi Hatamoto ,&nbsp;Takashi Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;Tjandra Setiadi ,&nbsp;Toshihiko Konda","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examined the application of co-benefit-type wastewater treatment technology in the fish-processing industry. Given that there was a dearth of information on fish-processing industrial wastewater in Indonesia, site surveys were conducted. For the entire fish-processing industry throughout the country, the dissemination rate of wastewater treatment facilities was less than 50%. Using a co-benefit approach, a real-scale swim-bed technology (SBT) and a system combining an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) with SBT (ABR–SBT) were installed in a fishmeal processing factory in Bali, Indonesia, and the wastewater system process performance was evaluated. In a business-as-usual scenario, the estimated chemical oxygen demand load and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from wastewater from the Indonesian fish-processing industry were 33 000 tons per year and 220 000 tons of equivalent CO₂ per year, respectively. On the other hand, the GHG emissions in the co-benefit scenarios of the SBT system and ABR–SBT system were 98 149 and 26 720 tons per year, respectively. Therefore, introducing co-benefit-type wastewater treatment to Indonesia’s fish-processing industry would significantly reduce pollution loads and GHG emissions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 3","pages":"Pages 271-279"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45318755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Froude similitude deviation on curved channel simulations: A case study in the Middle Yangtze River","authors":"Xiao-ting Yang ,&nbsp;Qian-qian Shang ,&nbsp;Hui Xu ,&nbsp;Guo-bin Li ,&nbsp;Ya-jun Gao ,&nbsp;Qi-lin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Froude similitude and friction similitude are the two crucial similarity conditions that are often used in physical-scale modeling of rivers. However, models often deviate from Froude similitude when dealing with real-world situations. This study developed several fixed-bed river models with various curvatures to determine the effect of Froude similitude deviation on curved channel modeling. Models were constructed according to the characteristics of the Middle Yangtze River. Differences in longitudinal slope, transverse slope, and main stream line location were measured by varying Froude similitude deviation. The deviations of longitudinal slope and velocity were negligible because friction similitude was accounted for. The transverse slope varied significantly with the Froude similitude deviation, and the main stream line varied with the curvature and Froude similitude deviation. Formulae were derived to estimate the slope deviation. These analyses helped to clarify the feasibility of the method of Froude similitude deviation for curved channels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 3","pages":"Pages 289-294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41703494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deformation critical threshold estimation of Xiaowan ultrahigh arch dam with time-varying grey model","authors":"Er-feng Zhao ,&nbsp;Bo Li ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Bing-bing Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The structural behavior of the Xiaowan ultrahigh arch dam is primarily influenced by external loads and time-varying characteristics of dam concrete and foundation rock mass during long-term operation. According to overload testing with a geological model and the measured time series of installed perpendicular lines, the space and time evolution characteristics of the arch dam structure were analyzed, and its mechanical performance was evaluated. Subsequently, the deformation centroid of the deflective curve was suggested to indicate the magnitude and unique distribution rules for a typical dam section using the measured deformation values at multi-monitoring points. The ellipse equations of the critical ellipsoid for the centroid were derived from the historical measured time series. Hydrostatic and seasonal components were extracted from the measured deformation values with a traditional statistical model, and residuals were adopted as a grey component. A time-varying grey model was developed to accurately predict the evolution of the deformation behavior of the ultrahigh arch dam during future operation. In the developed model, constant coefficients were modified so as to be time-dependent functions, and the prediction accuracy was significantly improved through introduction of a forgetting factor. Finally, the critical threshold was estimated, and predicted ellipsoids were derived for the Xiaowan arch dam. The findings of this study can provide technical support for safety evaluation of the actual operation of ultrahigh arch dams and help to provide early warning of abnormal changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 3","pages":"Pages 302-312"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45940172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of internal nitrogen release from bottom sediments in an urban lake using a nitrogen flux model","authors":"Ran Gong ,&nbsp;Hui-ya Wang ,&nbsp;Zhi-xin Hu ,&nbsp;Yi-ping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wse.2023.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nutrient release from sediment is considered a significant source for overlying water. Given that nutrient release mechanisms in sediment are complex and difficult to simulate, traditional approaches commonly use assigned parameter values to simulate these processes. In this study, a nitrogen flux model was developed and coupled with the water quality model of an urban lake. After parameter sensitivity analyses and model calibration and validation, this model was used to simulate nitrogen exchange at the sediment–water interface in eight scenarios. The results showed that sediment acted as a buffer in the sediment–water system. It could store or release nitrogen at any time, regulate the distribution of nitrogen between sediment and the water column, and provide algae with nitrogen. The most effective way to reduce nitrogen levels in urban lakes within a short time is to reduce external nitrogen loadings. However, sediment release might continue to contribute to the water column until a new balance is achieved. Therefore, effective measures for reducing sediment nitrogen should be developed as supplementary measures. Furthermore, model parameter sensitivity should be individually examined for different research subjects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 3","pages":"Pages 252-260"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49831244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of morphological models of salt marshes","authors":"Xin-chen Wang ,&nbsp;Pei Xin ,&nbsp;Zeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Fu-xin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Salt marshes are among the most important coastal wetlands and provide critical ecological services, including climate regulation, biodiversity maintenance, and blue carbon sequestration. However, most salt marshes worldwide are shrinking, owing to the effects of natural and human factors, such as climate change and artificial reclamation. Therefore, it is essential to understand the decline in the morphological processes of salt marshes, and accordingly, the likely evolution of these marshes, in order to enable measures to be taken to mitigate this decline. To this end, this study presented an extensive systematic review of the current state of morphological models and their application to salt marshes. The emergence of process-based (PB) and data-driven (DD) models has contributed to the development of morphological models. In morphodynamic simulations in PB models, multiple physical and biological factors (e.g., the hydrodynamics of water bodies, sediment erosion, sediment deposition, and vegetation type) have been considered. The systematic review revealed that PB models have been extended to a broader interdisciplinary field. Further, most DD models are based on remote sensing database for the prediction of morphological characteristics with latent uncertainty. Compared to DD models, PB models are more transparent but can be complex and require a lot of computational power. Therefore, to make up for the shortcomings of each model, future studies could couple PB with DD models that consider vegetation, microorganisms, and benthic animals together to simulate or predict the biogeomorphology of salt marsh systems. Nevertheless, this review found that there is a lack of unified metrics to evaluate model performance, so it is important to define clear objectives, use multiple metrics, compare multiple models, incorporate uncertainty, and involve experts in the field to provide guidance in the further study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 4","pages":"Pages 313-323"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023000844/pdfft?md5=f6ad988efc6f7c7fbce4abf370daec04&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023000844-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43990296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rainwater harvesting systems: An urban flood risk mitigation measure in arid areas","authors":"Rouya Hdeib,&nbsp;Marwan Aouad","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems have been developed to compensate for shortage in the water supply worldwide. Such systems are not very common in arid areas, particularly in the Gulf Region, due to the scarcity of rainfall and their reduced efficiency in covering water demand and reducing water consumption rates. In spite of this, RWH systems have the potential to reduce urban flood risks, particularly in densely populated areas. This study aimed to assess the potential use of RWH systems as urban flood mitigation measures in arid areas. Their utility in the retention of stormwater runoff and the reduction of water depth and extent were evaluated. The study was conducted in a residential area in Bahrain that experienced waterlogging after heavy rainfall events. The water demand patterns of housing units were analyzed, and the daily water balance for RWH tanks was evaluated. The effect of the implementation of RWH systems on the flood volume was evaluated with a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model. Flood simulations were conducted in several rainfall scenarios with different probabilities of occurrence. The results showed significant reductions in the flood depth and flood extent, but these effects were highly dependent on the rainfall intensity of the event. RWH systems are effective flood mitigation measures, particularly in urban arid regions short of proper stormwater control infrastructure, and they enhance the resilience of the built environment to urban floods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"16 3","pages":"Pages 219-225"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49468711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}