Virology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Butyrate induces higher host transcriptional changes to inhibit porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain CV777 infection in porcine intestine epithelial cells.","authors":"Zhen Zhong, Yaqin Zhang, Xuting Zhao, Chunbao Zhou, Shubin Zhu, Jiayun Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02428-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02428-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Newborn piglets' health is seriously threatened by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which also has a significant effect on the pig industry. The gut microbiota produces butyrate, an abundant metabolite that modulates intestinal function through many methods to improve immunological and intestinal barrier function. The objective of this investigation was to ascertain how elevated butyrate concentrations impacted the host transcriptional profile of PEDV CV777 strain infection. Our findings showed that higher concentrations of butyrate have a stronger inhibitory effect on PEDV CV777 strain infection. According to RNA-seq data, higher concentrations of butyrate induced more significant transcriptional changes in IPEC-J2 cells, and signaling pathways such as PI3K-AKT may play a role in the inhibition of PEDV CV777 strain by high concentrations of butyrate. Ultimately, we offer a theoretical and experimental framework for future research and development of novel approaches to harness butyrate's antiviral infection properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11241890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the FPMC respiratory panel for detection of respiratory tract pathogens in nasopharyngeal swab and sputum specimens.","authors":"Li Xue, Jianhong Zhu, Ke Lei, Zeshi Liu, Yiwei Tang, Bo Zhong, Ning Gao, Chaoliang Xiong, Jing Lei, Ying Tian, Weixiao Zhou, Nan Feng, Xue Zhang, Dong Chen, Jing Li, Yan Geng","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02430-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02430-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The performance of the new Respiratory Pathogen panel (fluorescent probe melting curve, FPMC) for the qualitative detection of 12 organisms (chlamydia pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae, adenovirus, influenza A virus, influenza B virus, parainfluenza virus, rhinovirus, etc.) was assessed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospectively collected nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) and sputum specimens (n = 635) were detected by using the FPMC panel, with the Sanger sequencing method as the comparative method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall percent concordance between the FPMC analysis method and the Sanger sequencing method was 100% and 99.66% for NPS and sputum specimens, respectively. The FPMC testified an overall positive percent concordance of 100% for both NPS and sputum specimens. The FPMC analysis method also testified an overall negative percent concordance of 100% and 99.38% for NPS and sputum specimens, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The FPMC analysis method is a stable and accurate assay for rapid, comprehensive detecting for respiratory pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11241788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of canine enteric coronavirus prevalence in dogs of mainland China.","authors":"Chaoyang Chen, Xiaoxia Ji, Tingting Zhang, Lin Ge, Mengting Sun, Mengting Yang, Cheng Li","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02425-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02425-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Canine enteric coronavirus (CECoV) is a prevalent infectious disease among dogs worldwide, yet its epidemiology in mainland China remains poorly understood. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of CECoV in mainland China and identify factors influencing its prevalence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases for studies regarding CECoV epidemiology of China. PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and CQVIP were searched to obtain the studies. Eligible studies were selected based on predefined criteria, and data were extracted and synthesized. The quality the studies was assessed using the JBI assessment tool. Heterogeneity was checked using I² test statistics followed by subgroup and sensitivity analysis. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore variations in CECoV prevalence by factors such as year, region, season, health status, social housing type, gender, age, and breed. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and eggers test that was followed by trim and fill analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 27 studies involving 21,034 samples were included in the meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of CECoV in mainland China was estimated to be 0.30 (95% CI 0.24-0.37), indicating persistent circulation of the virus. Subgroup analyses revealed higher prevalence rates in younger dogs, multi-dog households, apparently healthy dogs, and certain regions such as southwest China. Seasonal variations were observed, with lower prevalence rates in summer. However, no significant differences in prevalence were found by gender.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides valuable insights into the epidemiology of CECoV in mainland China, highlighting the persistent circulation of the virus and identifying factors associated with higher prevalence rates. Continuous monitoring and surveillance efforts, along with research into accurate detection methods and preventive measures, are essential for the effective control of CECoV and mitigation of its potential impact on animal and human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11234673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application prospects of the 2BS cell-adapted China fixed rabies virus vaccine strain 2aG4-B40.","authors":"Ying Xu, Lin Weng, Xuan Wang, Ming Li, Wanping Guo, Yiqing Liu, Xiang Li, Zhenping Wang, Xinyu Liu, Shengnan Xu, Feide He, Qianqian Hou, Tengzhou Li, Wenke Du, Yabo Zhang, Shumin Chang, Liwen Zhang, Yuntao Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02416-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02416-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease whose pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, and vaccination is the only effective method for protecting against rabies virus infection. Most inactivated vaccines are produced using Vero cells, which are African green monkey kidney cells, to achieve large-scale production. However, there is a potential carcinogenic risk due to nonhuman DNA contamination. Thus, replacing Vero cells with human diploid cells may be a safer strategy. In this study, we developed a novel 2BS cell-adapted rabies virus strain and analysed its sequence, virulence and immunogenicity to determine its application potential as a human diploid cell inactivated vaccine.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>The 2BS cell-adapted rabies virus strain 2aG4-B40 was established by passage for 40 generations and selection of plaques in 2BS cells. RNA sequence analysis revealed that mutations in 2BS cell-adapted strains were not located at key sites that regulate the production of neutralizing antibodies or virulence in the aG strain (GQ412744.1). The gradual increase in virulence (remaining above 7.0 logLD50/ml from the 40th to 55th generation) and antigen further indicated that these mutations may increase the affinity of the adapted strains for human diploid cells. Identification tests revealed that the 2BS cell-adapted virus strain was neutralized by anti-rabies serum, with a neutralization index of 19,952. PrEP and PEP vaccination and the NIH test further indicated that the vaccine prepared with the 2aG4-B40 strain had high neutralizing antibody levels (2.24 to 46.67 IU/ml), immunogenicity (protection index 270) and potency (average 11.6 IU/ml).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, a 2BS cell-adapted strain of the 2aG4 rabies virus was obtained by passage for 40 generations. The results of sequencing analysis and titre determination of the adapted strain showed that the mutations in the adaptive process are not located at key sequence regions of the virus, and these mutations may enhance the affinity of the adapted strain for human diploid cells. Moreover, vaccines made from the adapted strain 2aG4-B40 had high potency and immunogenicity and could be an ideal candidate rabies virus strain for inactivated vaccine preparation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11229241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141559902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity of astroviruses detected in wild aquatic birds in Hong Kong.","authors":"Daisy Y M Ng, Wanying Sun, Thomas H C Sit, Christopher J Brackman, Anne C N Tse, Christine H T Bui, Amy W Y Tang, Andrew N C Wong, Andrew T L Tsang, Joe C T Koo, Samuel M S Cheng, Malik Peiris, Alex W H Chin, Leo L M Poon","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02423-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02423-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wild waterfowl serve as a reservoir of some astroviruses. Fecal samples from wild waterfowl collected at Hong Kong's Marshes were tested using pan-astrovirus reverse transcription-PCR. Positive samples underwent subsequent host identification using DNA barcoding. Based on deduced partial sequences, noteworthy samples from three astrovirus groups (mammalian, avian and unclassified astroviruses) were further analyzed by next-generation sequencing. One sample of Avastrovirus 4 clade, MP22-196, had a nearly complete genome identified. The results of ORF2 phylogenetic analysis and genetic distance analysis indicate that Avastrovirus 4 is classified as a distinct subclade within Avastrovirus. MP22-196 has typical astrovirus genome characteristics. The unique characteristics and potential differences of this genome, compared to other avian astrovirus sequences, involve the identification of a modified sgRNA sequence situated near the ORF2 start codon, which precedes the ORF1b stop codon. Additionally, the 3' UTR of MP22-196 is shorter than other avian astroviruses. This study expands our understanding of the Avastrovirus 4 clade.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11229208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variability of human papillomavirus type 18 based on E6, E7 and L1 genes in central China.","authors":"Ting Li, Zhiping Yang, Ping Luo, Yang Yang, Zicong Lin, Bing Mei","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02424-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02424-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is an important factor for the development of cervical cancer. HPV18 is the second most common HR-HPV after HPV16.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, MEGA11 software was used to analyze the variation and phylogenetic tree of HPV18 E6-E7 and L1 genes. The selective pressure to E6, E7 and L1 genes was estimated using pamlX. In addition, the B cell epitopes of L1 amino acid sequences and T cell epitopes of E6-E7 amino acid sequences in HPV18 were predicted by ABCpred server and IEDB website, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 9 single nucleotide variants were found in E6-E7 sequences, of which 2 were nonsynonymous variants and 7 were synonymous variants. Twenty single nucleotide variants were identified in L1 sequence, including 11 nonsynonymous variants and 9 synonymous variants. Phylogenetic analysis showed that E6-E7 and L1 sequences were all distributed in A lineage. In HPV18 E6, E7 and L1 sequences, no positively selected site was found. The nonconservative substitution R545C in L1 affected hypothetical B cell epitope. Two nonconservative substitutions, S82A in E6, and R53Q in E7, impacted multiple hypothetical T cell epitopes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The sequence variation data of HPV18 may lay a foundation for the virus diagnosis, further study of cervical cancer and vaccine design in central China.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11227198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141538720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The biological characteristics and infection dynamics of a novel H3N2 canine influenza virus genotype in beagles.","authors":"Fei-Fei Ge, Hai-Xiao Shen, De-Quan Yang, Xian-Chao Yang, Xin Li, Jian Wang, Shixin Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02422-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02422-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The canine influenza virus (CIV) outbreak has garnered considerable attention as it poses a significant threat to dog health. During the H3N2 CIV evolution in beagles, the virus formed a new clade after 2019 and gradually became more adaptable to other mammals. Therefore, successfully elucidating the biological characteristics and constructing a canine influenza infection model is required for CIV characterization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed genetic analyses to examine the biological characteristics and infection dynamics of CIV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The genotype of our H3N2 CIV strain (from 2019 in Shanghai) belonged to the 5.1 clade, which is now prevalent in China. Using MDCK cells, we investigated viral cytopathic effects. Virus size and morphology were observed using transmission electron microscopy. Beagles were also infected with 10⁴, 10⁵, and 10⁶ 50% egg-infectious doses (EID₅₀). When compared with the other groups, the 10⁶ EID₅₀ group showed the most obvious clinical symptoms, the highest virus titers, and typical lung pathological changes. Our results suggested that the other two treatments caused mild clinical manifestations and pathological changes. Subsequently, CIV distribution in the 10⁶ EID₅₀ group was detected by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining, which indicated that CIV primarily infected the lungs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The framework established in this study will guide further CIV prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11225329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of matrine and glycyrrhizic acid on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Vitro and in vivo.","authors":"Zhilong Zhang, Wenyi Wu, Qiannan Li, Fangfang Du, Xuebing Wang, Mingfan Yang, Hongying Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02415-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02415-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is endemic worldwide, seriously affecting the development of the pig industry, but vaccines have limited protective effects against PRRSV transmission. The aim of this study was to identify potential anti-PRRSV drugs. We examined the cytotoxicity of seven compounds formulated based on the mass ratio of glycyrrhizic acid to matrine and calculated their inhibition rates against PRRSV in vitro. The results showed that the seven compounds all had direct killing and therapeutic effects on PRRSV, and the compounds inhibited PRRSV replication in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The compound with the strongest anti-PRRSV effect was selected for subsequent in vivo experiments. Pigs were divided into a control group and a medication group for the in vivo evaluation. The results showed that pigs treated with the 4:1 compound had 100% morbidity after PRRSV challenge, and the mortality rate reached 75% on the 8th day of the virus challenge. These results suggest that this compound has no practical anti-PRRSV effect in vivo and can actually accelerate the death of infected pigs. Next, we further analyzed the pigs that exhibited semiprotective effects following vaccination with the compound to determine whether the compound can synergize with the vaccine in vivo. The results indicated that pigs treated with the compound had higher mortality rates and more severe clinical reactions after PRRSV infection (p < 0.05). The levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) were significantly greater in the compound-treated pigs than in the positive control-treated pigs (p < 0.05), and there was no synergistic enhancement with the live attenuated PRRSV vaccine (p < 0.05). The compound enhanced the inflammatory response, prompted the body to produce excessive levels of inflammatory cytokines and caused body damage, preventing a therapeutic effect. In conclusion, the present study revealed that the in vitro effectiveness of these agents does not indicate that they are effective in vivo or useful for developing anti-PRRSV drugs. Our findings also showed that, to identify effective anti-PRRSV drugs, comprehensive drug screening is needed, for compounds with solid anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo. Our study may aid in the development of new anti-PRRSV drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11225320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of recurrent cytomegalovirus reactivations post allogenic stem cell transplantation in a population with high seropositivity.","authors":"Hajar Y AlQahtani, Nada AlSuhebany, Shuroug A Alowais, Bashayer AlShehri, Abdullah Althemery, Amirah Alghanim, Hessa Alqahtani, Lama Alkhathran, Majd Alyaqub, Mariam Alsulimani, Ahmad AlHarbi, Hind Alhatmi, Sarah Almansour, Abdulellah Almohaya, Mohammed Bosaeed","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02421-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02421-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to characterize incidences of CMV reactivations within one year post-allo-SCT and identify risk factors for CMV second reactivation episode in population with high seropositivity where first CMV reactivation episode deemed to be high.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 359 allo-SCT patients aged 14 and older admitted to a tertiary academic hospital. Data on demographic and clinical factors, CMV serostatus, conditioning regimens, graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis, engraftment time, and CMV reactivations were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>First and second CMV reactivations occurred in 88.9% and 18.4% of post-allo-SCT patients respectively. Patients were stratified into two groups based on primary disease necessitating allo-SCT, patients with malignant (Group 1) and non-malignant (Group 2) hematological disease. Factors associated with the second reactivation included cord blood as a stem cell source, human leukocyte antigen mismatch, acute graft-versus-host disease, and hematological malignancies. Patients with non-malignant hematological disease displayed better outcomes, including a higher rate of spontaneous clearance of first CMV reactivation (70% versus 49.4%) and lower rates of second CMV reactivation (9.6% versus 31%) than those with malignant hematological disease. The one-year overall survival rate was 87.7% (95.5% in non-malignant hematological disease and 78.13% in malignant hematological disease).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings are concordant with previous local study in regard to high rate of first CMV reactivation post-allo-SCT. It appears that patients with nonmalignant hematological disease had better outcomes, such as lower second CMV reactivation and higher survival rates compared to patients with malignant hematological disease. Further investigation is needed to identify other factors affecting recurrent CMV reactivations in allo-SCT in patients with malignant hematological disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11218190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141493561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in neutralizing antibody sensitivities and envelope characteristics indicate distinct antigenic properties of Nigerian HIV-1 subtype G and CRF02_AG.","authors":"Lindsay Wieczorek, David Chang, Eric Sanders-Buell, Michelle Zemil, Elizabeth Martinez, Jesse Schoen, Agnes-Laurence Chenine, Sebastian Molnar, Brittani Barrows, Kultida Poltavee, Man E Charurat, Alash'le Abimiku, William Blattner, Michael Iroezindu, Afoke Kokogho, Nelson L Michael, Trevor A Crowell, Julie A Ake, Sodsai Tovanabutra, Victoria R Polonis","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02394-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02394-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The magnitude of the HIV-1 epidemic in Nigeria is second only to the subtype C epidemic in South Africa, yet the subtypes prevalent in Nigeria require further characterization. A panel of 50 subtype G and 18 CRF02_AG Nigerian HIV-1 pseudoviruses (PSV) was developed and envelope coreceptor usage, neutralization sensitivity and cross-clade reactivity were characterized. These PSV were neutralized by some antibodies targeting major neutralizing determinants, but potentially important differences were observed in specific sensitivities (eg. to sCD4, MPER and V2/V3 monoclonal antibodies), as well as in properties such as variable loop lengths, number of potential N-linked glycans and charge, demonstrating distinct antigenic characteristics of CRF02_AG and subtype G. There was preferential neutralization of the matched CRF/subtype when PSV from subtype G or CRF02_AG were tested using pooled plasma. These novel Nigerian PSV will be useful to study HIV-1 CRF- or subtype-specific humoral immune responses for subtype G and CRF02_AG.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11218331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141477519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}