Virology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Study on the clinical characteristics, persistent infection capability and viral load of human papillomavirus type 26 single infection.","authors":"Zuyi Chen, Xiaoyang Li, Di Tian, Jingchi Liu, Xia Bai, Tingting Feng, Shiqi Chen, Lin Chen, Qiongyao Li","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02582-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02582-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. Different types of HPV have varying carcinogenic capabilities, and viral load is one of the key indicators of pathogenicity. Currently, there is a lack of clinical data on HPV26. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with HPV26 single infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Exfoliated cervical cells were collected for HPV genotyping from women who attended gynecological outpatient clinics or physical examinations. The clinical characteristics of HPV26 single infections in both cross-sectional and follow-up studies were examined, and the association of viral load with HPV26 persistent infection and pathogenicity was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HPV26 positive rate among women visiting hospitals for gynecological medical consultation or physical examination was approximately 0.09% (379/435,072). Among the HPV types tested, the detection rate of HPV26 was 0.37% (379/103,608). In the cross-sectional histopathological study of 101 patients with HPV26 single infection, 62.37% (63/101) presented lesion-free. The numbers of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, CIN2, and CIN3 were 25, eight, and five, respectively. Cervical cancer was not detected in any patient. 71 patients attended follow-up examinations as well as HPV26 retesting up to two years, during which, 28.57% (6/21) of CIN1 patients have developed into high-grade lesions, and 9.61% (5/52) of lesion-free patients have progressed to CIN stage. The viral load in the CIN group was significantly higher than that in the lesion-free group (p = 0.012). Similarly, the viral load in the persistent infection group was significantly higher than that in the viral-clearance group (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The pathogenicity of single HPV26 infections is moderate among high-risk types, warranting the inclusion of HPV26 in expanded screening for HPV. High viral load is an important factor in the persistent infection and pathogenicity of HPV26. Viral load is expected to serve as a screening risk factor for persistent infection and disease progression associated with HPV26.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"301"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of Omicron infection and vaccine acceptance among pediatric liver transplant recipients: insights from a cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Zhigang Zheng, Yefeng Lu, Huimin Wu, Pui U Lam, Xiaowei Sun, Yanyan Song, Hao Ji, Yi Luo, Tao Zhou, Mingxuan Feng, Ping Wan, Jianjun Zhu, Peiying Li, Jun Deng, Nan Shen, Qing Cao, Ji Liang, Qiang Xia, Feng Xue","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02531-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02531-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our study aims to explore the clinical characteristics of Omicron infection in pediatric liver transplant recipients (PLTRs), after the national COVID-19 outbreak. Additionally, we will investigate changes in vaccine coverage and parental attitudes towards vaccinating their children after this current outbreak.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a web-based questionnaire survey to gather information on Omicron infection, vaccination status, and guardian attitude among PLTRs. Besides, utilized valid questionnaire and long-term follow-up information processing techniques, and performed statistical analysis of relevant parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>528 valid questionnaires were collected, among which, 251 responses replied Omicron infection status. The Omicron infection rate in Chinese PLTRs was 56.2% (141/251), similar to the report in the normal population (around 60%). 99.3% of infected PLTRs presented mild symptoms, mostly with fever (78.0%), followed by Cough (76.6%), with a mean RTPCR conversion time of 7 days; the overall PLTRs' vaccination rate in this study was 13.3%, similar to that of our previous study (9.4%). Besides, we found no significant differences of either infection rate or clinical symptoms between the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Moreover, the study showed 61.6% of guardians supported COVID-19 inoculation despite the outbreak of Omicron status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The symptoms of Omicron infection in Chinese PLTRs were relatively mild, vaccine immunization had a limited effect on PLTRs' defense against Omicron infection, besides, their guardians supported the inoculation policy with a caution.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>http://www.chictr.org.cn , identifier ChiCTR2200055968.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"299"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11583437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogen isolation and traceability analysis of a fatal case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infectious encephalitis in China.","authors":"Rongjiao Liu, Fangling He, Shengbao Chen, Juan Wang, Chan Yang, Zhifei Zhan, Yaru Xiong, Liang Cai","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02564-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02564-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The initial clinical symptoms of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) mainly include high fever, thrombocytopenia and gastrointestinal symptoms, and severe patients may suffer from severe complications such as multiple organ failure, which can lead to death. Studies have shown that central nervous system symptoms are associated with severe adverse outcomes of SFTS, but there are few reports on confirmed cases of SFTS encephalitis. This is a special case in which her initial SFTS symptoms were atypical, while the disease deteriorated rapidly after the appearance of encephalitis. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical and epidemiological features of this case, isolate and trace the SFTS virus (SFTSV) strain, identify the genotype of the strain, and speculate on the infection route to provide an important reference for the diagnosis and control of SFTSV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples were collected, multipathogen detection was performed via next-generation sequencing (NGS), and SFTSV virus isolation was performed via inoculation of the samples with Vero cells. The serum of key populations closed to patients, parasitic ticks on the surface of domestic animal bodies and environmentally free ticks were collected for SFTSV monitoring. The whole genomes of the virus strains and positive nucleic acid samples were sequenced and compared with the GenBank reference sequence to construct a phylogenetic analysis tree.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This patient was diagnosed with SFTSV encephalitis, and the viral strain was successfully isolated. The SFTSV strain is closely related to the Hubei strain HB2017-02, and the SFTSV M and L fragments belong to the B genotype, whereas the M fragments belong to the F genotype. In addition, the similarities of coding sequences of case strain to those of tick-carried SFTSV strain in the residence were more than 99.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The patient was confirmed to have SFTSV-infected encephalitis and died rapidly. The SFTSV strain was of Chinese local origin, and tick bites were the most likely route of infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"300"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune evasion after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 and XBB.1.9 endemic observed from Guangdong Province, China from 2022 to 2023.","authors":"Huan Zhang, Baisheng Li, Jiufeng Sun, Lirong Zou, Lina Yi, Huifang Lin, Pingping Zhou, Chumin Liang, Lilian Zeng, Xue Zhuang, Zhe Liu, Jing Lu, Jianfeng He, Runyu Yuan","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02573-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02573-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>From 2022 to 2023, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused by Omicron variants spread rapidly in Guangdong Province, resulting in over 80% of the population being infected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To investigate the levels of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in individuals following the rapid pandemic and to evaluate the cross-protection against currently circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2 in China, neutralization assay and magnetic particle chemiluminescence method were used to test the 117 serum samples from individuals who had recovered 4 weeks post-infection. The results indicated that the levels of NAbs against prototype and Omicron variants BA.5 were significantly higher than those against Omicron variants BQ.1, XBB.1.1, XBB.1.9, XBB.1.16 and EG.5, regardless of whether the infection was primary or secondary.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The cross-protection provided by NAbs induced by prototype and Omicron BA.5 variants was limited when challenged by BQ.1, XBB.1.1, XBB.1.9, XBB.1.16 and EG.5 variants. This indicates that we should pay more attention to the risk of multiple infection from any novel Omicron variants that may emerge in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"298"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in captive animals at the belo horizonte zoo, Minas Gerais, Brazil.","authors":"Anisleidy Pérez Castillo, João Victor Oliveira Miranda, Paula Luize Camargos Fonseca, Rennan Garcias Moreira, Luiza Campos Guerra de Araújo E Santos, Daniel Costa Queiroz, Diego Menezes Bonfim, Carlyle Mendes Coelho, Paula Cristina Senra Lima, Rafael Otávio Cançado Motta, Herlandes Penha Tinoco, Júlia Angélica Gonçalves da Silveira, Renato Santana Aguiar","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02505-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02505-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has not only affected humans but also raised concerns about its transmission to wild animals, potentially creating natural reservoirs. Understanding these dynamics is critical for preventing future pandemics and developing control strategies. This study aims to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in wild mammals at the Belo Horizonte Zoo in Brazil, analyzing the virus's evolution and zoonotic potential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted at the Belo Horizonte Zoo, Minas Gerais, Brazil, covering a diverse population of mammals. Oropharyngeal, rectal, and nasal swabs were collected from 47 captive animals between November 2021 and March 2023. SARS-CoV-2 presence was determined using RT-PCR, and positive samples were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Consensus genomes were classified using Pangolin and NextClade tools, and a maximum likelihood phylogeny was inferred using IQ-Tree.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 47 animals tested, nine (19.1%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Positive samples included rectal, oropharyngeal, and nasal swabs, with the highest positivity in rectal samples. Three genomes were successfully sequenced, revealing two variants: VOC Alpha in a maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and a fallow deer (Dama dama), and VOC Omicron in a western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla). Phylogenetic analysis indicated potential human-to-animal transmission, with animal genomes clustering close to human samples from the same region.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in various wild mammal species at the Belo Horizonte Zoo, emphasizing the virus's zoonotic potential and the complexity of interspecies transmission. The detection of different variants suggests ongoing viral evolution and adaptation in new hosts. Continuous monitoring and genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wildlife are essential for understanding its transmission dynamics and preventing future zoonotic outbreaks. These findings underscore the need for integrated public health strategies that include wildlife monitoring to mitigate the risks posed by emerging infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"297"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EMCV VP2 degrades IFI16 through Caspase-dependent apoptosis to evade IFI16-STING pathway.","authors":"Ruofei Feng, Dianyu Li, Zhenfang Yan, Xiangrong Li, Jingying Xie","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02568-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02568-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interferon (IFN)-γ inducible protein 16 (IFI16), a key DNA sensor, triggers downstream STING-dependent type I interferon (IFN-I) production and antiviral immunity. However, how the IFI16-STING signaling pathway is regulated by EMCV infection is still not well elucidated. In this study, we investigated the interaction between IFI16 and EMCV. Results indicated EMCV infection suppressed IFI16 expression in A549 cells. This study reveals that IFI16 plays an active role in combating EMCV. Screening viral proteins in conjunction with IFI16, we found that the EMCV VP2 protein hinders the antiviral response mediated by IFI16 by causing degradation of the IFI16 protein via the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway. Our study communicates the antiviral role of the IFI16-STING pathway during EMCV infection. Importantly, this study unveils the novel mechanism by which VP2 counteracts the innate immune signaling activated by foreign DNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"296"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A humanized neutralizing antibody protects against human adenovirus type 7 infection in humanized desmoglein-2 and CD46 double-receptor transgenic mice.","authors":"Chengxing Zhou, Xiaohong Liao, Zhichao Zhou, Chuncong Mo, Yujie Yang, Hui Liao, Minglei Liu, Qiong Zhang, Qiuru Li, Xingui Tian, Rong Zhou, Hong Cao","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02572-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02572-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV7) has become a major public health threat due to its widespread transmission, severe associated pneumonia, and a lack of effective anti-HAdV7 drugs. The aim of the current study is to design a humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) demonstrating efficacy against HAdV-7 infections in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The humanized neutralizing antibody, 3G5-hu, was derived from the murine mAb 3G5. Antibody activity was evaluated using a flow cytometry-based neutralization (FCN) assay to identify humanized mAbs retaining potent neutralizing activity. Additionally, a humanized hDSG2/hCD46 dual-receptor transgenic mouse model was developed to simulate HAdV-7 infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using recombinant HAdV-7 expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein and clinically isolated wild-type HAdV-7, the half-maximal effective concentration of 3G5-hu against HAdV-7 was determined to be < 30 ng/mL. Notably, 3G5-hu exhibits high specificity for the hexon protein of the HAdV-7 capsid (affinity: KD = 9.02 × 10^- 11 M). Microneutralization studies with wild-type HAdV-7 and rAd7EGFP confirmed that humanized mAb 3G5-hu neutralizes 10-30 ng/mL HAdV-7 (approximately 67-200 pM). Furthermore, hDSG2/hCD46 double-receptor transgenic mice are more susceptible to HAdV-7 infection than single-receptor transgenic mice. Meanwhile, the humanized mAb 3G5-hu provides good protection against HAdV-7 infection in hDSG2/hCD46 knock-in transgenic mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The newly designed humanized mAb 3G5-hu specifically neutralizes HAdV-7 in vitro and in vivo. 3G5-hu elicits protection against HAdV-7 infection in hDSG2/hCD46 knock-in transgenic mice. The findings of this study provide insights to guide the future development of preventative and therapeutic treatments for HAdV-7 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11568553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered colonic microflora and its metabolic profile in mice with acute viral myocarditis induced by coxsackievirus B3.","authors":"Yimin Xue, Shirong Lin, Mingguang Chen, Jun Ke, Jiuyun Zhang, Qiaolian Fan, Yimei Chen, Feng Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02571-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02571-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mounting evidence suggests that the gut-heart axis is critical in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The gut serves as the primary pathway through which Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infects its host, leading to acute viral myocarditis (AVMC). However, little is known about the role of gut microflora and its metabolites in the development of AVMC. The AVMC model was established by intraperitoneal injection of CVB3 in mice. Then, 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) untargeted metabolomics profiling were performed to analyze the microflora composition and metabolic profile of colonic contents. Compared to the Control mice, the AVMC mice displayed a significant reduction in gut microflora richness and diversity, as revealed by an increased abundance of Proteobacteria and a decreased abundance of Cyanobacteria and Desulfobacterota. LEfSe analysis indicated that the main genera differing between the two groups were Escherichia-Shigella, Lactobacillus, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, and Odoribacter. Based on the criterion of OPLS-DA VIP ≥ 1.0 and p-value < 0.05, a total of 198 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified in the gut, including 79 upregulated and 119 downregulated metabolites, of which lipids and lipid-like molecules accounted for the largest proportion. Notably, both altered gut bacterial taxa and metabolites were significantly enriched in the Lipid metabolism pathway, with Traumatic acid (TA), Alpha-Linolenic acid (ALA), Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) being the key DMs in the pathway. Additionally, significant positive correlations (|r| > 0.80 and p < 0.05) were found between TA levels and Anaerotruncus and Bilophila abundance, between EPA levels and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 abundance, and between DHA levels and Escherichia-Shigella abundance, respectively. CVB3 infection leads to notable alterations in gut microflora composition and its metabolic profile, which may participate in AVMC development. Our findings provide important clues for future in-depth studies on AVMC etiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11568606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral immune signatures associated with the risk of hepatocarcinogenesis in cirrhotic Egyptian HCV patients before and after treatment with direct-acting antivirals.","authors":"Reem El-Shenawy, Rehab I Moustafa, Naiera M Helmy, Yasmine S El-Abd, Ashraf A Tabll, Yasser K Elesnawy, Heba Shawky","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02551-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02551-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have revolutionized the management of chronic HCV, the debatable association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence/recurrence has raised major concerns about their long-term use, especially in cirrhotic cases. The role of epithelial tight junction proteins (TJPs) in hepatocarcinogenesis has been highlighted; however, the association of their expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with HCC has rarely been reported. This study aimed to explore the role of peripheral claudin (Cldn)1 in liver pathogenesis and its crosstalk with soluble immune mediators in HCC prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population included six independent subgroups: healthy controls, cirrhotic/non-cirrhotic treatment-naïve HCV patients, DAA-SVR patients, and anticancer treatment-naïve de novo HCC patients. The laboratory tests included serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), albumin, liver transaminases, total bilirubin, and CBC profiling. The serum levels of soluble cluster of differentiation (sCD)163, IL-10, and IL-12 were estimated by corresponding ELISA kits, whereas the levels of Cldn1 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in PBMCs were quantified using quantitative PCR (qPCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum sCD163, IL-10, and IL-12 levels were significantly higher in the HCC patient group than in the control and non-malignant patient groups (P < 0.0001). No significant difference was detected in the serum levels of the three markers between cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, whereas their levels were significantly different between cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients (P < 0.0001). Similarly, the transcriptional levels of peripheral Cldn1 and TGF-β were significantly higher in patients with HCC and non-malignant cirrhosis than in patients without cirrhosis (P = 0.0185-<0.0001 and 0.0089-<0.0001, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between all the abovementioned markers and HCC (P = 0.0303 to < 0.0001), which was further confirmed by the results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, which revealed an area under the curve (AUC) value ranging from 0.883 to 0.996. The calculated cutoff values demonstrated remarkable prognostic capacity, with ranges of 88-99.41% and 82.14-97.92% and positive/negative predictive values ranging from 84.62 to 98.3% and 92-98%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed HCC predictors are novel non-invasive HCC biomarkers that maintain their predictive power under different pathological conditions and circumvent the drawbacks of conventional prognostic markers in patients with mild cirrhosis and/or normal AFP, albumin, and/or platelet counts.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"293"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of adenovirus, rotavirus A, and coinfection in children during 2014-2023 in Guangzhou, China.","authors":"Yuqian Yan, Zhiwei Zeng, Huixin Gao, Shanshui Zeng, Siqin Duan, Jun Jiang, Xiaolan Ai, Lanlan Zeng, Shuwen Yao, Yan Long","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02537-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12985-024-02537-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infection is the cause of diarrhoea, and rotaviruses and adenoviruses are important pathogens in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 144,067 children with diarrhoea between 2014 and 2023 in China. We used the colloidal gold method to detect intestinal adenovirus and rotavirus A antigens in faeces. The epidemiological characteristics of these viruses and the impact of meteorological factors on them were analysed before and after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During this decade, the positive rate of adenovirus infection was 6.41%, while the positive rate of rotavirus A infection was 11.81%, higher than that of adenovirus infection. The positive rate of adenovirus and rotavirus A coinfection was 1.92%. The positive rates of adenovirus, rotavirus A and coinfection showed a fluctuating trend, and suddenly decreased in 2020. There was an apparent decrease of positive rate of rotavirus A, with a decrease of 57.27%, during 2020-2023. Surprisingly, the positive rate of adenovirus infection exceeded that of rotavirus A infection in 2021 and 2023. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of female patients and children over two years of age infected with adenovirus or rotavirus A increased, while the proportion of cases in winter decreased. In addition, we found that the positive rate of rotavirus A infection was related to average temperature and sunshine, and the positive rate of adenovirus and rotavirus A coinfection was only related to sunshine. However, these correlations disappeared during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed the recent prevalence of adenovirus and rotavirus A infections in children with diarrhoea in south-central China and provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of viral diarrhoea.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"292"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}